Physical and mechanical properties of PLA composites reinforced by TiO2 grafted flax fibers

Materials and Design

Volumn 106, Issue , 2016, Pages 295-304

  Foruzanmehr, MReza ^a,b   Vuillaume, Pascal Y ^b   Elkoun, Saïd ^a   Robert, Mathieu ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

^b Centre de Technologie Minérale et de Plasturgie Inc   (Canada)

Author keywords

Flax fiber; Interfacial adhesion; Moisture absorption; Physico mechanical properties; PLA composite; TiO2 coating

Indexed keywords

ADHESION; COATINGS; DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS; FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS; FIBERS; FLAX; GRAFTING (CHEMICAL); INTERFACES (MATERIALS); LINEN; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; REINFORCEMENT; SOL-GELS; TENSILE TESTING; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; TITANIUM DIOXIDE; YARN;

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS (DMA); FLAX FIBER; INTER-LAMINAR SHEAR STRENGTHS; INTERFACIAL ADHESIONS; MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MOISTURE ABSORPTION; PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES;

FIBER BONDING;

EID: 84989926356     PISSN: 02641275     EISSN: 18734197     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.103     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. [1] Garlotta, D., A literature review of poly(lactic acid). J. Polym. Environ. 9 (2001), 63–84, 10.1023/A:1020200822435.
2. [2] Markarian, J., Biopolymers present new market opportunities for additives in packaging. Plast. Addit. Compound. 10 (2008), 22–25, 10.1016/S1464-391X(08)70091-6.
3. [3] Sawyer, D.J., Bioprocessing – no longer a field of dreams. Macromol. Symp. 201 (2003), 271–282, 10.1002/masy.200351130.
4. [4] Auras, R., Harte, B., Selke, S., An overview of polylactides as packaging materials. Macromol. Biosci. 4 (2004), 835–864, 10.1002/mabi.200400043.
5. [5] Lopes, M.S., Jardini, A.L., Filho, R.M., Poly (lactic acid) production for tissue engineering applications. Procedia Eng. 42 (2012), 1402–1413, 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.534.
6. [6] Li, X., Guo, C., Liu, X., Liu, L., Bai, J., Xue, F., et al. Impact behaviors of poly-lactic acid based biocomposite reinforced with unidirectional high-strength magnesium alloy wires. Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater. Int. 24 (2014), 472–478, 10.1016/j.pnsc.2014.08.003.
7. [7] Lemmouchi, Y., Murariu, M., Santos, A.M.D., Amass, A.J., Schacht, E., Dubois, P., Plasticization of poly(lactide) with blends of tributyl citrate and low molecular weight poly(D,L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers. Eur. Polym. J. 45 (2009), 2839–2848, 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.07.006.
8. [8] Bax, B., Müssig, J., Impact and tensile properties of PLA/Cordenka and PLA/flax composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 68 (2008), 1601–1607, 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.01.004.
9. [9] Kasuga, T., Ota, Y., Nogami, M., Abe, Y., Preparation and mechanical properties of polylactic acid composites containing hydroxyapatite fibers. Biomaterials 22 (2000), 19–23, 10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00091-0.
10. [10] Bleach, N.C., Nazhat, S.N., Tanner, K.E., Kellomäki, M., Törmälä, P., Effect of filler content on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of particulate biphasic calcium phosphate—polylactide composites. Biomaterials 23 (2002), 1579–1585, 10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00283-6.
11. 2 nanoparticle nanocomposite films with high transparency and efficient photodegradability. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 92 (2007), 1255–1264, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.03.026.
12. 2. Acta Mater. 57 (2009), 3182–3191, 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.03.022.
13. [13] John, M.J., Anandjiwala, R.D., Recent developments in chemical modification and characterization of natural fiber-reinforced composites. Polym. Compos. 29 (2008), 187–207, 10.1002/pc.20461.
14. [14] Nassiopoulos, E., Njuguna, J., Thermo-mechanical performance of poly(lactic acid)/flax fibre-reinforced biocomposites. Mater. Des. 66:Part B (2015), 473–485, 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.051.
15. [15] Bodros, E., Pillin, I., Montrelay, N., Baley, C., Could biopolymers reinforced by randomly scattered flax fibre be used in structural applications?. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 (2007), 462–470, 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.08.024.
16. [16] Plackett, D., Løgstrup Andersen, T., Batsberg Pedersen, W., Nielsen, L., Biodegradable composites based on L-polylactide and jute fibres. Compos. Sci. Technol. 63 (2003), 1287–1296, 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00100-3.
17. [17] Huda, M.S., Drzal, L.T., Misra, M., Mohanty, A.K., Wood-fiber-reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites: evaluation of the physicomechanical and morphological properties. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 102 (2006), 4856–4869, 10.1002/app.24829.
18. [18] Bledzki, A.K., Jaszkiewicz, A., Scherzer, D., Mechanical properties of PLA composites with man-made cellulose and abaca fibres. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 40 (2009), 404–412, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.01.002.
19. [19] Petinakis, E., Yu, L., Edward, G., Dean, K., Liu, H., Scully, A.D., Effect of matrix–particle interfacial adhesion on the mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)/wood-flour micro-composites. J. Polym. Environ. 17 (2009), 83–94, 10.1007/s10924-009-0124-0.
20. [20] Bourmaud, A., Riviere, J., Le Duigou, A., Raj, G., Baley, C., Investigations of the use of a mussel-inspired compatibilizer to improve the matrix-fiber adhesion of a biocomposite. Polym. Test. 28 (2009), 668–672, 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.04.006.
21. [21] Bourmaud, A., Pimbert, S., Investigations on mechanical properties of poly(propylene) and poly(lactic acid) reinforced by miscanthus fibers. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 39 (2008), 1444–1454, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.05.023.
22. [22] Heuser, E., Shockley, W., Adams, A., Grunwald, E.A., Acetylation of cellulose in phosphoric acid solution. Ind. Eng. Chem. 40 (1948), 1500–1506, 10.1021/ie50464a035.
23. [23] Cantero, G., Arbelaiz, A., Llano-Ponte, R., Mondragon, I., Effects of fibre treatment on wettability and mechanical behaviour of flax/polypropylene composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 63 (2003), 1247–1254, 10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00094-0.
24. [24] Alimohammadi, F., Parvinzadeh Gashti, M., Shamei, A., Functional cellulose fibers via polycarboxylic acid/carbon nanotube composite coating. J. Coat. Technol. Res. 10 (2013), 123–132, 10.1007/s11998-012-9429-3.
25. [25] Huang, J., Ichinose, I., Kunitake, T., Nanocoating of natural cellulose fibers with conjugated polymer: hierarchical polypyrrole composite materials. Chem. Commun. 1 (2005), 1717–1719, 10.1039/B415339A.
26. [26] Siddiqui, N.A., Li, E.L., Sham, M.-L., Tang, B.Z., Gao, S.L., Mäder, E., et al. Tensile strength of glass fibres with carbon nanotube–epoxy nanocomposite coating: effects of CNT morphology and dispersion state. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 41 (2010), 539–548, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.12.011.
27. [27] Andersons, J., Spārniņš, E., Joffe, R., Stiffness and strength of flax fiber/polymer matrix composites. Polym. Compos. 27 (2006), 221–229, 10.1002/pc.20184.
28. 2 thin film on physical and mechanical properties of cellulosic natural fibers. Mater. Des. 85 (2015), 671–678, 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.105.
29. 2 onto flax fibers and the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the flax fiber and flax fiber/epoxy composite. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 76 (2015), 172–180, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.027.
30. 2 anatase (101) surfaces by DFT calculations. J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000), 1300–1306, 10.1021/jp993583b.
31. 2 nanoparticles. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 296 (2006), 71–78, 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.08.037.
32. 2(110) single crystal surfaces. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 303 (2006), 229–235, 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.07.053.
33. [33] Isogai, A., Kato, Y., Preparation of polyuronic acid from cellulose by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. Cellulose 5 (1998), 153–164, 10.1023/A:1009208603673.
34. [34] Habibi, Y., Chanzy, H., Vignon, M., TEMPO-mediated surface oxidation of cellulose whiskers. Cellulose 13 (2006), 679–687, 10.1007/s10570-006-9075-y.
35. [35] Isogai, A., Saito, T., Fukuzumi, H., TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers. Nanoscale 3 (2011), 71–85, 10.1039/C0NR00583E.
36. [36] Tojo, G., M., F., Oxidations Mediated by TEMPO and related stable nitroxide radicals (Anelli oxidation). Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones, 2006, Springer US, 241–253.
37. [37] Le Duigou, A., Davies, P., Baley, C., Exploring durability of interfaces in flax fibre/epoxy micro-composites. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 48 (2013), 121–128, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.01.010.
38. [38] Luft, J.H., Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J. Cell Biol. 9 (1961), 409–414, 10.1083/jcb.9.2.409.
39. [39] Materials ASfTa, Standard test method for water absorption of plastics. D570. 2010, West Conshohocken, PA.
40. [40] Livingston, E.H., Who was student and why do we care so much about his t-test?. J. Surg. Res. 118 (2004), 58–65, 10.1016/j.jss.2004.02.003.
41. [41] Brinker, C.J., Frye, G.C., Hurd, A.J., Ashley, C.S., Fundamentals of sol-gel dip coating. Thin Solid Films 201 (1991), 97–108, 10.1016/0040-6090(91)90158-T.
42. 2 nanoparticles with improved dispersions. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255 (2009), 6795–6801, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.02.074.
43. [43] Kim, J.K., Mai, Y.W., Engineered Interfaces in Fiber Reinforced Composites: Elsevier Science. 1998.
44. [44] Kirk, J.N., Munro, M., Beaumont, P.W.R., The fracture energy of hybrid carbon and glass fibre composites. J. Mater. Sci. 13 (1978), 2197–2204, 10.1007/BF00541674.
45. [45] Bos, H.L., Müssig, J., van den Oever, M.J.A., Mechanical properties of short-flax-fibre reinforced compounds. Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 37 (2006), 1591–1604, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.10.011.
46. [46] Campbell, F.C., Structural Composite Materials: ASM International. 2010.
47. [47] Alix, S., Colasse, L., Morvan, C., Lebrun, L., Marais, S., Pressure impact of autoclave treatment on water sorption and pectin composition of flax cellulosic-fibres. Carbohydr. Polym. 102 (2014), 21–29, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.10.092.
48. [48] Alix, S., Lebrun, L., Marais, S., Philippe, E., Bourmaud, A., Baley, C., et al. Pectinase treatments on technical fibres of flax: effects on water sorption and mechanical properties. Carbohydr. Polym. 87 (2012), 177–185, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.07.035.
49. [49] Berger, K., Gregorova, A., Thermal stability of modified end-capped poly(lactic acid). J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 131, 2014, 10.1002/app.41105 (n/a-n/a).
50. [50] Bakar, N.A., Chee, C.Y., Abdullah, L.C., Ratnam, C.T., Ibrahim, N.A., Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of grafted kenaf filled poly (vinyl chloride)/ethylene vinyl acetate composites. Mater. Des. 65 (2015), 204–211, 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.027.
51. [51] Chien, Y.-C., Liang, C., Liu, S.-H., Yang, S.-H., Combustion kinetics and emission characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from polylactic acid combustion. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 60 (2010), 849–855, 10.3155/1047-3289.60.7.849.
52. [52] Pan, P., Zhu, B., Kai, W., Serizawa, S., Iji, M., Inoue, Y., Crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of bio-based green composites based on poly(L-lactide) and kenaf fiber. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 105 (2007), 1511–1520, 10.1002/app.26407.
53. [53] Wong, T.C., Broutman, L.J., Moisture diffusion in epoxy resins part I. Non-Fickian sorption processes. Polym. Eng. Sci. 25 (1985), 521–528, 10.1002/pen.760250903.
54. [54] Sreekala, M.S., Thomas, S., Effect of fibre surface modification on water-sorption characteristics of oil palm fibres. Compos. Sci. Technol. 63 (2003), 861–869, 10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00270-1.