In vitro tissue culture in breeding programs of leguminous pulses: use and current status

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture

Volumn 127, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 543-559

  Gatti, Ileana ^a   Guindón, Fernanda ^a   Bermejo, Carolina ^a   Espósito, Andrea ^a   Cointry, Enrique ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Biotechnological techniques; Crop improvement; Legumes; Plant regeneration

Indexed keywords

CROPS; GENE TRANSFER; NITROGEN FERTILIZERS; PLANTS (BOTANY); SEED; SOYBEAN OIL; TISSUE; TISSUE CULTURE;

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES; BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS; CONVENTIONAL BREEDING; CROP IMPROVEMENT; LEGUMES; PLANT REGENERATION; PLANT TRANSFORMATION;

TISSUE REGENERATION;

EID: 84987600699     PISSN: 01676857     EISSN: 15735044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11240-016-1082-6     Document Type: Review

References (213)

1. Aasim M, Khawar KM, Özcan S (2010) Efficient in vitro propagation from preconditioned embryonic axes of turkish cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cultivar Akkiz. Arch Biol Sci 62 (4):1047–1052. doi:10.2298/ABS1004047A1047
2. Aasim M, Day S, Rezaei F, Hajyzadeh M, Mahmud ST, Ozcan S (2011) In vitro shoot regeneration from preconditioned explants of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cv. Gokce. Afr J Biotechnol 10:2020–2023. doi:10.5897/AJB10.823
3. Aasim M, Day S, Rezaei F, Hajyzadeh M (2013) Multiple shoot regeneration of plumular apices of chickpea. Turk J Agric For 37:33–39. doi:10.3906/tar-1204-38
4. Abiri R, Valdiani A, Maziah M, Shaharuddin Noor A, Sahebi M, Balia Yusof Z, Norhana, Atabaki N, Talei D (2014) A critical review of the concept of transgenic plants: insights into pharmaceutical biotechnology and molecular farming. Curr Issues Mol Biol 18:21–42
5. Aboshama HMS (2011) Somatic embryogenesis proliferation, maturation and germination in Cajanus cajan. World J Agric Sci 7(1):86–95
6. Adlinge PM, Samal KC, Kumara Swamy RV, Rout GR (2014) Rapid in vitro plant regeneration of black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) Var. Sarala, an important legume crop. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 84(3):823–827. doi:10.1007/s40011-013-0281-8
7. Ahmed Z, Akhter F, Haque MS, Banu H, Rahman MM, Faruquzzaman AKM (2001) Novel micropropagation system. J Biol Sci 1:1106–1111. doi:10.3923/jbs.2001.1106.1111
8. Akibode S, Maredia M (2011) Global and regional trends in production, trade and consumption of food legume crops. Report submitted to CGIAR special panel on impact assessment, 27 March 2011, pp 83
9. Ali Z, Ullah N, Naseem S, Inam-Ul-Haq M, Jacobsen H J (2015) Soil bacteria conferred a positive relationship and improved salt stress tolerance in transgenic pea (Pisum sativum L.) harboring Na+/H+ antiporter. Turk J Bot 39:962–972. doi:10.3906/bot-1505-50
10. Almaghrabi AO (2014) Effect of growth hormone 2,4-D on some callus traits of different faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivars. Life Sci J 11:98–102. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127401
11. Anwar F, Alghamdi SS, Ammar MH, Siddique KHM (2011) An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for faba bean (Vicia faba L.). J Med Plants Res 5(28):6460–6467. doi:10.5897/JMPR11.146
12. Aragão FJL, Barros LMG, Brasileiro ACM, Ribero SG, Smith FD, Sanford JC, Faria JC, Rech EL (1996) Inheritance of foreign genes in transgenic bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) co-transformed via particle bombardment. Theor Appl Genet 93:142–150. doi:10.1007/BF00225739
13. Arellano J, Fuentes SI, Castillo-España P, Hernandez G (2009) Regeneration of different cultivars of common bean († Phaseolus vulgaris L.) via indirect organogenesis. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 96:11–18. doi:10.1007/s11240-008-9454-1
14. Atif RM, Patat-Ochatt EM, Svabova L, Ondrej V, Klenoticova H, Jacas L, Griga M, Ochatt SJ (2013) Gene transfer in legumes. In: Lüttge U et al (eds) Progress in botany 74, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 37–100. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30967-0_2
15. Bagheri A, Ghasemi Omraan V, Hatefi S (2012) Indirect in vitro regeneration of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) J Plant Mol Br 1:43–50
16. Bahgat S, Shabban OA, El-Shihy O, Lightfoot DA, El-Shemy HA (2009) Establishment of the regeneration system for Vicia faba L. Curr Issues Mol Biol 11:47–54
17. Banu TA, Sarkerb RH, Hoqueb MI (2011) In vitro plant regeneration of four local varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res 46:379–384. doi:10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9047
18. Barikissou E, Baudoin J (2011) Refinement of an in vitro culture technique for the rescue of globular embryos using microcutting for P. vulgaris L. and P. coccineus L. Tropicultura 29:218–224
19. Barker S, Ping S, Hodgson L, Ferguson-Hunt M et al (2016) Regeneration selection improves transformation efficiency in narrow-leaf lupin. Plant Cell Tissue Org Cult. doi:10.1007/s11240-016-0992-7 (in press)
20. Barraza A, Cabrera-Ponce JL, Gamboa-Becerra R, Luna-Martínez F, Winkler R, Álvarez-Venegas R (2015) The Phaseolus vulgaris PvTRX1h gene regulates plant hormone biosynthesis in embryogenic callus from common bean. Front Plant Sci 6:577. doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00577
21. Battistelli GM, Von Pinho RG, Justus A, Couto, EGO, Balestre, M (2013) Production and identification of doubled haploids in tropical maize. Genet Mol Res 12:4230–4242. doi:10.4238/2013
22. Bermejo C (2015) Herramientas biotecnológicas en la mejora de lenteja (Lens culinaris Medik) para su producción sustentable. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rosario. Rosario
23. Bermejo C, Espósito M, Cravero V, López Anido F, Cointry E (2012) In vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary nodes of recombinant inbred lines of lentil. Sci Hortic 134:13–19. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2011.11.029
24. Bermejo C, Gatti I, Cointry E (2016) In vitro embryo culture to shorten the breeding cycle in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. doi:10.1007/s11240-016-1065-7
25. Bhojwani SS, Dantu PK (2010) Haploid plants. In: Davey MR, Anthony P (eds) Plant cell culture: essential methods. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, pp 60–78
26. Bobkov S. (2014) Obtaining calli and regenerated plants in anther cultures of pea. Czech J Genet Plant Breed 50:123–129
27. Bohanec B (2009) Doubled haploids via gynogenesis. In: Touraev A, Forster BP, Jain SM (eds) Advances in haploid production in higher plants. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 35–46
28. Böhmer P, Meyer B, Jacobsen H-J (1995) Thidiazuron-induced high frequency of shoot induction and plant regeneration in protoplast derived pea callus. Plant Cell Rep 15:26–29. doi:10.1007/BF01690247
29. Bonfim K, Faria JC, Nogueira EOPL, Mendes E´ A, Aragão FJL (2007) RNAi-mediated resistance to bean golden mosaic virus in genetically engineered common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Mol Plant Microbe Interact 20:717–726. doi:10.1094/MPMI-20-6-0717
30. Böttinger P, Steinmetz A, Schieder O, Pickardt T(2001) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Vicia faba. Mol Breed 8:243–254. doi:10.1023/A:1013711210433
31. Bregitzer P, Brown RH (2013) Long-term assessment of transgene behavior in barley: Ds-mediated delivery of bar results in robust, stable, and heritable expression. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 49:231–239. doi:10.1007/s11627-013-9507-y
32. Brown J, Caligari PDS, Campos HA (2014) Contemporary approaches in plant breeding. In: Blacwell W (ed) Plant breeding, 2nd ed, pp 185–197
33. Burr B, Burr FA, Thompson, KH, Alberston MC, Stubber CW (1988) Gene mapping with recombinant inbreds in maize. Genetics 118:519–526. http://www.genetics.org/content/118/3/519.full.pdf. Accessed 25 May 2016
34. Cabrera-Ponce JL, López L, León-Ramírez CG, Jofre-Garfias AE, Verver-y-Vargas A (2014) Stress induced acquisition of somatic embryogenesis in common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. Protoplasma 252:559–570. doi:10.1007/s00709-014-0702-4
35. Cannon SB, May GD, Jackson SA (2009) Three sequenced legume genomes and many crop species: rich opportunities for translational genomics. Plant Physiol 151:970–977. doi:10.1104/pp.109.144659
36. Castillo BM, de la O RJL, Gallardo JOM, Iturriaga G (2015) In vitro plants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) obtained by direct organogenesis. J Agric Sci 7(11):169–179
37. Çeliktaş N, Tiryakioğlu M, Can E, Kutlay D, Hatipoğlu R (2015) Production of dihaploids in durum wheat using Imperata cylindrica L. mediated chromosome elimination. Turk J Agric For 39:48–54. doi:10.3906/tar-1405-111
38. Chandel SCR, Pandey SK (2014) Effect of N6-benzylaminopurine and adenine sulphate in in vitro plant regeneration of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 3(12):801–806
39. Chen JF, Cui L, Malik AA, Mbira KG (2011) In vitro haploid and dihaploid production via unfertilized ovule culture. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 104:311–319. doi:10.1007/s11240-010-9874-6
40. Chhabra G, Chaudhary D, Varma M, Sainger M, Jaiwal PK (2008) TDZ-induced direct shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis on cotyledonary node explants of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Physiol Mol Biol Plant 14:347–353. doi:10.1007/s12298-008-0033-z
41. Chopra R, Prabhakar A, Saini R (2011) The role of thidiazuron on somatic embryogenesis in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Ann Agri Bio Res J Agri Bio Res 16:1–5
42. Citadin CT, Abdulrazak BI, Aragao FJL (2011) Genetic engineering in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) history, status and prospects. GM Crops 2(3):1–6. doi:10.4161/gmcr.2.3.18069
43. Citadin CT, Cruz ARR, Aragão FJL (2013) Development of transgenic imazapyr-tolerant cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Plant Cell Rep 32:537–543. doi:10.1007/s00299-013-1385-6
44. Clarke HJ, Kumari M, Khan TN, Siddique KHM (2011a) Poorly formed chloroplasts are barriers to successful interspecific hybridization in chickpea following in vitro embryo rescue. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 106:465–473. doi:10.1007/s11240-011-9944-4
45. Clarke JL, Daniel H, Nugent JM (2011b) Chloroplast biotechnology, genomics and evolution: current status, challenges and future directions. Plant Mol Biol 76:207–209. doi:10.1007/s11103-011-9792-y
46. Clements J, Prilyuk L, Quealy J, Francis G (2008). Interspecific crossing among the New World lupin species for Lupinus mutabilis crop improvement. In: Palta JA, Berger JD (eds) Lupins for health and wealth. Proceedings of the 12th international lupin conference, Fremantle, Western Australia, pp 324–327
47. Collado R, García LR, Angenon G, Torres D, Romero C, Bermúdez I, Veitía N (2011) Formación de embriones somáticos a partir de cotiledones inmaduros en Phaseolus vulgaris cv. CIAP 7247. Biotecnol Veg 11:235–240.
48. Colpaert N, Tilleman S, Van Montagu M (2008) Composite Phaseolus vulgaris plants with transgenic roots as research tool. Afr J Biotechnol 7:404–408. doi:10.5897/AJB
49. Comai L (2014) Genome elimination: translating basic research into a future tool for plant breeding. PLoS Biol 12:e1001876. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001876 (eCollection)
50. Croser JS, Lülsdorf MM, Davies PA, Clarke HJ, Bayliss KL, Mallikarjuna N et al (2006) Towards doubled haploid production in the Fabaceae: progress, constraints, and opportunities. Crit Rev Plant Sci 25:139–157. doi:10.1080/07352680600563850
51. Croser JS, Lülsdorf MM, Grewal RK, Usher KM, Siddique KHM (2011) Isolated microspore culture of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): induction of androgenesis and cytological analysis of early haploid divisions. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 47:357–368. doi:10.1007/s11627-011-9346-7
52. Croser J, Ribalta F, Pazos Navarro M, Munday C, Nelson K, Edwards K, Castello MC, Bennett R, Erskine W (2014) Accelerated single seed descent (aSSD)—a novel breeding technique to speed attainment of homozygosity. In: ISAT 2015 2nd international symposium on agricultural technology, Thailand, pp 1–4
53. Cruz de Carvalho MH, Van Le B, Zuily-Fodil Y, Pham Thi AT, Van Tran Thanh K (2000) Efficient whole plant regeneration of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using thin-cell-layer culture and silver nitrate. Plant Sci 159:223–232. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00346-0
54. Cruz-Cruz CA, González-Arnao MT, Engelmann F (2013) Biotechnology and conservation of plant biodiversity. Resources 2:73–95. doi:10.3390/resources2020073
55. Das SK, Shethi KJ, Hoque MI, Sarker RH (2012) Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) followed by in vitro flowering and seed formation. Plant Tissue Cult Biotech 22:13–26. doi:10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11243
56. Das DK, Bhagat M, Shree S (2016) Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper with Cry1Ac Gene for Insect Resistance. Am J Plant Sci 7:316–325. doi:10.4236/ajps.2016.72031
57. Deo PC, Tyagi AP, Taylor M, Harding R, Becker D (2010) Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis and transformation in modern plant breeding. S Pac J Nat App Sci 28:27–40. doi:10.1071/SP10002
58. Devi P, Radha P, Sitamahalakshmi L, Syamala D, Manoj Kumar S (2004) Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Sci Hortic 99:1–8. doi:10.1016/S0304-4238(03)00079-7
59. Durieu P, Ochatt SJ (2000) Efficient intergeneric fusion of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) protoplasts. J Exp Bot 51:1237–1242. doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.348.1237
60. Elmaghrabi AM, Ochatt SJ, Rogers H, Frances D (2013) Enhanced tolerance to salinity following cellular acclimation to increasing NaCl levels in Medicago truncatula. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 114:61–70. doi:10.1007/s11240-013-0306-2
61. El-Saeid H, Abouziena HF, AbdAlla M (2011) Effect of some bioregulators on white lupine (Lupinus termis) seed yield and its components and on endogenous hormones content in seeds. Electron J Pol Agric Univ 14:2. http://www.ejpau.media.pl/volume14/issue4/art-02.html. Accessed 3 May 2016
62. Espinosa-Huerta E, Quintero-Jiménez A, Cabrera-Becerra KV, Mora-Avilés MA (2013) Stable and efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Phaseolus vulgaris. Agrociencia 47:319–333 http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952013000400002&lng=es&nrm=iso. Accessed 17 June 2016
63. Espósito MA, Almirón P, Gatti I, Cravero VP, López Anido FS, Cointry EL (2012) A rapid method to increase the number of F1 plants in pea (Pisum sativum) breeding programs. Genet Mol Res 11:2729–2732. doi:10.4238/2012.June.18.1
64. FAO (2016) Pulses and climate change. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5426e.pdf. Accessed 18 August 2016
65. Fiala JV, Tullu A, Banniza S, Se´guin-Swartz G, Vandenberg A (2009) Interspecies transfer of resistance to anthracnose in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Crop Sci 49:825–830. doi:10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0260
66. Fratini R, Ruiz ML (2011) Wide crossing in lentil through embryo rescue. In: Thorpe TA, Young EC (eds) Plant embryo culture: methods and protocols. Humana press, New York, NY, pp 131–139
67. Fujioka T, Fujita M, Iwamoto K (2000) Plant regeneration of Japanese pea cultivars by in vitro culture of immature leaflets. J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci 69:656–658. doi:10.2503/jjshs.69.656
68. Gatica-Arias AM, Muños Valverde J, Ramírez Fonseca P, Valdez Melara M (2010) In vitro plant regeneration system for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): effect of N6-benzylaminopurine and adenine sulphate. Elec J Biotech 13:1–8. doi:10.2225/vol13-issue1-fulltext-7
69. Gaur PM, Jukanti AK, Varshney RK (2012) Impact of genomic technologies on chickpea breeding strategies. Agronomy 2:199–221. doi:10.3390/agronomy2030199
70. Geerts P, Druart P, Ochatt S, Baudoin J (2008) Protoplast fusion technology for somatic hybridisation in Phaseolus. Base 12:41–46. http://popups.ulg.ac.be/1780-4507/index.php?id=2039. Accessed 3 May 2016
71. Geerts P, Toussaint A, Mergeai G, Baudoin JP (2011) Phaseolus immature embryo rescue technology. In: Thorpe TA, Young EC (eds) Plant embryo culture: methods and protocols. Humana press, New York, NY, pp 117–129
72. Gepts P, Aragão FJ, De Barros E, Blair MW, Brondani R, Broughton W, McClean P (2008) Genomics of Phaseolus beans, a major source of dietary protein and micronutrients in the tropics. In: Genomics of tropical crop plants. Springer, New York, pp 113–143
73. Germanà MA (2006) Doubled haploid production in fruit crops. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 86:131–146. doi:10.1007/s11240-006-9088-0
74. Germanà MA (2011) Gametic embryogenesis and haploid technology as valuable support to plant breeding. Plant Cell Rep 30:839–857. doi:10.1007/s00299-011-1061-7
75. Ghorbani-Marghashi M, Gholami M, Maadankan R, Jamshidi H (2012) The study of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T effects on gene expression at early stages of embryogenesis in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) Afr J Biotechnol 11:2889–2903. doi:10.5897/AJB10.1919
76. Górska-Koplińska K, Źróbek-Sokolnik A, Górecki RJ, Michalczyk DJ (2010) Capacity for somatic embryogenesis in different pea cultivars. Pol J Natur Sci 25:115–122. doi:10.2478/v10020-010-0009-7
77. Grewal RK, Lulsdorf M, Croser J, Ochatt S, Vandenberg A, Warkentin T (2009) Doubled-haploid production in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): role of stress treatments. Plant Cell Rep 28:1289–1299. doi:10.1007/s00299-009-0731-1
78. Guha S, Maheshwari SC (1964) In vitro production of embryos from anthers of Datura. Nature 204:497. doi:10.1038/204497a0
79. Guha-Mukherjee S (1973) Genotypic differences in the in vitro formation of embryoids fron rice pollen. J Exp Bot 24:139–144. doi:10.1093/jxb/24.1.139
80. Hanafy M, Pickardt T, Kiesecker H, Jacobsen H-J (2005) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) using embryo axes. Euphytica 142:227–236. doi:10.1007/s10681-005-1690-4
81. Hanafy M, Böttinger P, Jacobsen HJ, Pickardt T (2008) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of faba bean. In: Kirti PB (ed) Handbook of new technologies for genetic improvement of legumes. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 287–300
82. Harlan JR, de Wet JMJ (1971) Toward a rational classification of cultivated plants. Taxon 20:509–517. doi:10.2307/1218252
83. Higgins TJV, Gollasch S, Molvig L et al (2012) Insect-protected cowpeas using gene technology. In: Boukar O, Coulibaly O, Fatokun CA et al (eds) Innovative research along the cowpea value chain. In: Proceedings of the fifth world cowpea conference on improving livelihoods in the cowpea value chain through advancement in science, Saly, Senegal, 27 September–1 October 2010. International institute of tropical agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp 131–137
84. Hnatuszko-Konka K, Kowalczyk T, Gerszberg A, Wiktorek-Smagur A, Kononowicz A (2014) Phaseolus vulgaris-recalcitrant potential. Biotechnol Adv 32:1205–1215. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.06.001
85. Hoque MI, Sarker RH (2007) In vitro plant regeneration in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). Plant Tissue Cult Biotech 17(2):209–216
86. Horáček J, Švábová L, Šarhanová P, Lebeda A (2013) Variability for resistance to Fusarium solani culture filtrate and fusaric acid among somaclones in pea. Biol Plant 57:133–138. doi:10.1007/s10535-012-0131-1
87. Hosp J, Maraschin SF, Touraev A, Boutilier K (2007) Functional genomics of microspore embryogenesis. Euphytica 158:275–285. doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9238-9
88. Ikeda T, Kawaguchi M, Taji A, Tapingkae T, Zulkarnain Z (2011) Somatic (asexual) procedures (haploids, protoplasts, cell selection) and their applications. In: Altman A, Hasegawa PM (eds) Plant biotechnology and agriculture. Academic Press, Oxford, pp 139–162
89. Ismail RM, El-Domyati FM, Sadik AS, Nasr El-Din TM, Abdelsalam AZE (2001) Establishment of a transformation system in some Egyptian cultivars of Vicia faba L. Arab J Biotechnol 4:59–61
90. James R (2013) Global status of commercialized Bioteh/GM crops. ISAAA Brief Nº 46 ISAAA Ithaca, NY
91. Kadri A, Chalak L, El Bitar A, Nicolas N, Mroué S, Grenier De March G (2014) In vitro plant regeneration system for two middle east cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Adv Crop Sci Tech 2:1–4. doi:10.4172/2329-8863.1000125
92. Karimi M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M, Hilson P (2013) Gateway vectors for transformation of cereals. Trends Plant Sci 18:1–4. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2012.10.001
93. Kawapata k (2015) Development of drought tolerant transgenic bean lines using an improved gene transformation system. Acad J Biotechnol 3:010–014. doi:10.15413/ajb.2015.0110
94. Khatun M, Ali MH, Desamero NV (2003) Effect of genotype and culture media on callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seed scutellum culture in rice. Plant Tissue Cult 13:99-107
95. Khatun MK, Haque MS, Islam S, Nasiruddin KM (2008) In vitro regeneration of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) from different explants. Prog Agric 19(2):13–19. doi:10.3329/pa.v19i2.16908
96. Khentry Y, Wang SH, Ford R (2014) In vitro propagation of six parental lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris) genotypes. US Open Agric J 1:1–8. http://arepub.com/Journals.php. Accessed 20 Feb 2016
97. Khush GS, Virmani SS (1996) Haploids in plant breeding. In: Mohan Jain S, Sopory SK, Veilleux RE (eds) In vitro haplioid production in higher plants, volume 1: fundamental aspects and methods. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 11–34
98. Kiran K, Sharma, Lavanya M, Anjaiah V (2006) Agrobacterium-mediated production of transgenic pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) expressing the synthetic BT cry1Ab gene. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 42(2):165–173. doi:10.1079/IVP2005730
99. Kiran Ghanti S, Sujata KG, Srinath Rao M, Kavi Kisho PB (2010) Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature explants of chickpea. Biol Plant 54:121–125. doi:10.1007/s10535-010-0018-y
100. Klenotičová H, Smýkalová I, Švábová L, Griga M (2013) Resolving browning during the establishment of explant cultures in Vicia faba L. for genetic transformation. Acta Univ Agric Silv Mendelianae Brunensis 61:1279–1288. doi:10.11118/actaun201361051279
101. Kozak K, Galek R, Waheed MT, Sawicka-Sienkiewicz E (2012) Anther culture of Lupinus angustifolius: callus formation and the development of multicellular and embryo-like structures. Plant Growth Regul 66:145–153. doi:10.1007/s10725-011-9638-2
102. Krishna G, Reddy PS, Ramteke PW, Rambabu P, Sohrab SS, Rana D, Bhattacharya P (2011) In vitro regeneration through organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] cv. JKR105. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 4:375–385. doi:10.1007/s12298-011-0079-1
103. Kumar S, Gupta S, Chandra S, Singh BB (2004) How wide is the genetic base of pulse crops. In: Ali M, Singh BB, Kumar S, Dhar V (eds) Pulses in new perspective. Indian Society of Pulse Research and Development, IIPR, Kanpur, pp 211–221
104. Kumari PV (2014) Direct somatic embryogenesis from mature leaves of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill SP). Global J Res Med Plant Indigen Med 3(7):286–293
105. Kumari M, Clarke HJ, des Francs-Small CC, Small I, Khan TN, Siddique KHM (2011) Albinism does not correlate with biparental inheritance of plastid DNA in interspecific hybrids in Cicer species. Plant Sci 180:628–633. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.01.003
106. Kwapata K, Sabzikar R, Sticklen MB, Kelly JD (2010) In vitro regeneration and morphogenesis studies in common bean. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 100:97–105. doi:10.1007/s11240-009-9624-9
107. Kwapata K, Nguyen T, Sticklen M (2012) Genetic transformation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with the gus color marker, the bar herbicide resistance, and the barley (Hordeum vulgare) HVA1 drought tolerance genes. Int J Agron. doi:10.1155/2012/198960
108. Lehminger-Mertens R, Jacobsen H-J (1989a) Plant regeneration from pea protoplasts via somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep 8:379–382. doi:10.1007/BF00270073
109. Lehminger-Mertens R, Jacobsen H-J (1989b) Plant regeneration and organogenesis from pea protoplasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 25:571–574. doi:10.1007/BF02623570
110. Liu D, Zhang H, Zhang L, Yuan Z, Hao M, Zheng Y (2014) Distant hybridization: a tool for interspecific manipulation of chromosomes. In: Pratap A, Kumar J (eds) Alien gene transfer in crop plants, volume 1 innovations, methods and risk assessment. Springer, Berlin, pp 25–42
111. Lulsdorf MM, Croser JS, Ochatt S (2011) Androgenesis and doubled-haploid production in food legumes. Chapter 11. In: Pratap A, Kumar J (eds) Biology and breeding of food legumes. CABI, Oxfordshire, pp 336–347
112. Lulsdorf M, Ying Yang H, Slater S, Vanderberg A, Han X, Zaharia LI (2012) Androgenesis-inducing stress treatments change phytohormone levels in anthers of three legume species (Fabaceae). Plant Cell Rep 31:1255–1267. doi:10.1007/s00299-012-1246-8
113. Lulsdorf MM, Ferrie A, Slater SMH, Yuan HY (2014) Methods and role of embryo rescue technique in alien gene transfer. In: Pratap A, Kumar J (eds) Alien gene transfer in crop plants, volume 1: innovations, methods and risk assessment. Springer, New York, NY, pp 77–103
114. Mahamune SE, Bansode RP, Sangle SM, Waghmare VA, Pandhure NB, Kothekar VS (2011) Callus induction from various explants of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). J Exp Sci 2:15–16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone
115. Mallikarjuna N, Muehlbauer FJ (2011) Chickpea hybridization using in vitro techniques. In: Thorpe TA, Young EC (eds) Plant embryo culture: methods and protocols. Humana Press, New York, NY, pp 93–105
116. Martinez J (2010) Tolerance to sub-zero temperatures in Phaseolus acutifolius and interspecies hybrids between Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutifolius. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon
117. Metry EA, Ismail RM, Hussien GM, Nasr El-Din TM, El-Itriby HA (2007) Regeneration an microprojectile-mediated transformation in Vicia faba L. Arab J Biotechnol 10:23–26
118. Mishra S, Sanyal I, Amla DV (2012) Changes in protein pattern during different developmental stages of somatic embryos in chickpea. Biol Plant 56:613–619. doi:10.1007/s10535-012-0124-0
119. Mobini SH, Lulsdorf M, Warkentin TD, Vandenberg A (2014) Plant growth regulators improve in vitro flowering and rapid generation advancement in lentil and faba bean. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 51(1):71–79. doi:10.1007/s11627-014-9647-8
120. Mony SA, Haque MdS, Alam MdM, Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K (2010) Regeneration of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) on changes of hormonal condition. Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluji 38(3):140–145
121. Murovec J, Bohanec B (2012) Haploids and doubled haploids in plant breeding. In: Abdurakhmonov DI (ed) Plant breeding. In Tech Rijeka, Croacia, pp 87–106
122. Muruganantham M, Amutha S, Selvaraj N, Vengadesan G, Ganapathi A (2007) Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Vigna mungo using immature cotyledonary-node explants and phosphinothricin as the selection agent. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 43(6):550–557. doi:10.1007/s11627-007-9060-7
123. Muruganantham M, Amutha S, Ganapathi A (2010) Somatic embryo productions by liquid shake culture of embryogenic calluses in Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 46:34–40. doi:10.1007/s11627-009-9224-8
124. Nafie EM, Taha HS, Mansur RM (2013) Impact of 24-epibrassinolide on callogenesis and regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Brunca. World App Sci J 24:188–200. doi:10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.24.02.13191
125. Negawo AT (2015) Transgenic insect resistance in grain legumes. Thesis Hannover Univ Diss 159
126. Niu Z, Jiang A, Hammad WA, Oladzadabbasabadi A, Xu SS, Mergoum M (2014) Review of doubled haploid production in durum and common wheat through wheat × maize hybridization. Plant Breed 133:313–320. doi:10.1111/pbr.12162
127. Ochatt SJ (2013) Plant cell electrophysiology: applications in growth enhancement, somatic hybridisation and gene transfer. Biotechnol Adv 31:1237–1246. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.03.008
128. Ochatt SJ (2015) Agroecological impact of an in vitro biotechnology approach of embryo development and seed filling in legumes. Agron Sustain Dev 35:535–552. doi:10.1007/s13593-014-0276-8
129. Ochatt SJ, Revilla MA (2016) From stress to embryos: some of the problems for induction and maturation of somatic embryos. In vitro Embryogenesis Higher Plant Methods Mol Biol 1359:523–536. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3061-6_31.
130. Ochatt SJ, Sangwan RS (2008) In vitro shortening of generation time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 93:133–137. doi:10.1007/s11240-008-9351-7
131. Ochatt SJ, Sangwan RS (2010) In vitro flowering and seed set: acceleration of generation cycles. In: Davey MR, Anthony P (eds) Plant cell culture: essential methods. Wiley, Chichester, pp 97–110
132. Ochatt SJ, Mousset-Dèclas C, Rancillac M (2000) Fertile pea plants regenerate from protoplasts when calluses have not undergone endoreduplication. Plant Sci 156:177–183. doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00250-8
133. Ochatt SJ, Pontecaille C, Rancillac M (2000b) The growth regulators used for bud regeneration and shoot rooting affect the competence for flowering and seed set in regenerated plants of protein pea. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 36:188–193. doi:10.1007/s11627-000-0035-1
134. Ochatt SJ, Sangwan RS, Marget P, Ndong YA, Rancillac M, Perney P (2002) New approaches towards the shortening of generation cycles for faster breeding of protein legumes. Plant Breed 121:436–440. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.746803.x
135. Ochatt SJ, Marget P, Aubert G, Moussy F, Pontécaille C, Jacas L (2004) Overcoming hybridisation barriers between pea and some of its wild relatives. Euphytica 137:353–359. doi:10.1023/B:EUPH.0000040476.57938.81
136. Ochatt SJ, Delaitre C, Lionneton E, Huchette O, Patat-Ochatt EM, Kahane R (2005) One team, PCMV, and one approach, in vitro biotechnology, for one aim, the breeding of quality plants with a wide array of species. In: Dris R (ed) Crops growth, quality and biotechnology. WFL Publ Sci & Technol, Helsinki, pp 1038–1067
137. Ochatt SJ, Abirached-Darmency M, Marget P, Aubert G (2007) The Lathyrus paradox: “poor men’s diet” or a remarkable genetic resource for protein legume breeding? In: Ochatt SJ, Jain SM (eds) Breeding of neglected and under-utilised crops, spices and herbs. Science Press, Plymouth, pp 41–60
138. Ochatt S, Pech C, Grewal R, Coreux C, Lulsdorf M, Jacas L (2009) Abiotic stress enhances androgenesis from isolated microspores of some legume species (Fabaceae). J Plant Physiol 166:1314–1328. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2009.01.011
139. Ochatt SJ, Atif RM, Patat Ochatt EM, Jacas L, Connreux C (2010) Competence versus recalcitrance for in vitro regeneration. Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj 38:102–108. http://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/4876. Accessed: 17 June 2016
140. Omran VG, Bagheri A, Moshtaghi N (2008) Direct in vitro regeneration of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Pak J Biol Sci 11:2237–2242. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2008.2237.2242
141. Özdemir FA, Türker M (2014) In vitro plant regeneration influence by BAP and IBA in lentils (Lens culinaris Medik). J Appl Biol Sci 8:22–27
142. Palmer CE, Keller WA (2005) Overview of haploidy. In: Palmer CE, Keller WA, Kasha KJ (eds) Haploids in crop improvement II, vol 56. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, pp 3–11
143. Panchangam SS, Mallikarjuna N, Gaur PM (2014) Androgenesis in chickpea: Anther culture and expressed sequence tags derived annotation. Indian J Exp Biol 52:181–188
144. Parveen S, Venkateshwarlu M, Srinivas D, Jagan Mohan Reddy K, Ugandhar T (2012) Direct in vitro shoots proliferation of chick pea (Cicer arietinum L.) from shoot tip explants induced by thidiazuron. Biosc Discov 3:01–05
145. Pérez de la Vega M, Fratini RM, Muehlbauer FJ (2011) Lentil. In: Pérez de la Vega M, Torres AM, Cubero JI, Kole C (eds) Genetics, genomics and breeding of cool season grain legumes (genetics, genomics and breeding in crop plants). Science Pubs, New Hampshire, pp 98–150
146. Pniewsky T, Wachowiak J, Kapusta J, Legocki A (2003) Organogenesis and long term micropropagation in polish pea cultivars. Acta Soc Bot Pol 72:295–302. doi:10.5586/asbp.2003.038
147. Popelka CJ, Gollasch S, Moore A, Molvig L, Higgins TJV. (2006) Genetic transformation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and stable transmission of the transgenes to progeny. Plant Cell Rep 25:304–312. doi:10.1007/s00299-005-0053-x
148. Prasad MG, Sridevi V, Satish Kumar M (2014) Efficient plant regeneration from cotyledonary node of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Int J Adv Biotechnol Res 5(1):20–24
149. Pratap A, Choudhary AK, Kuma J (2010) In vitro techniques towards genetic enhancement of food legumes—a review. J Food Legumes 23:169–185
150. Puonti-Kaerlas J, Eriksson T (1988) Improved protoplast culture and regeneration of shoots in pea (Pisum sativumL.) Plant Cell Rep 7:242–245. doi:10.1007/BF00272533
151. Quintero-Jiménez A, Espinosa-Huerta E, AcostaGallegos JA, Guzmán-Maldonado HS, Mora-Avilés MA (2010) An improved method for in vitro regeneration of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Agrociencia 44:57–64. http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952010000100005&lng=es&nrm=iso. Accessed 17 June 2016
152. Rafiq M, Mali M, Ahmad Naqvi SH, Umar Dahot M, Faiza H KhatariRaghav A (2012) Regeneration of plants in EMS treated local mung bean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) under salt stress. Pak J Biotechnol 9(2):83–89
153. Rajendiran K, Thiruvarasan K, Vijayalakshmi R (2016) In vitro callus induction in leaf explants of black gram varieties grown under in situ uv-b radiation. Int J Agric Sc Vet Med 4(1):53–64. http://www.ijasvm.com/currentissue.php
154. Rajput V, Singh NP (2010) Studies on in vitro regeneration and direct organogenesis in pea († Pisum sativum L.). Indian J Plant Physiol 15:246–249
155. Rao KS, Sreevathsa R, Sharma PD, Keshamma E, Udaya Kumar M (2008) In planta transformation of pigeon pea: a method to overcome recalcitrancy of the crop to regeneration in vitro. Physiol Mol Biol Plant 14(4):321–328. doi:10.1007/s12298-008-0030-2
156. Raut RV, Dhande GA, Rajput JC, Ingale AG (2015) Rapid and highly competent shoot regeneration of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L) using variable explants by in vitro culture system. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 4(4):1–5
157. Raveendar S, Premkumar A, Sasikumar S, Ignacimuthu S, Agastian P (2009) Development of a rapid, highly efficient system of organogenesis in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp. S Afr J Bot 75:17–21. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2008.05.009
158. Ravi M, Chan SWL (2010) Haploid plants produced by centromere-mediated genome elimination. Nature 464:615–619. doi:10.1038/nature08842
159. Reddy MP (2015) Desert plant biotechnology: jojoba date palm and Acacia species. In: Bahadur B, Rajam MV, Sahijram L, Krishnamurthy KV (eds) Plant biology and biotechnology, vol 2: plant genomics and biotechnology, Springer, pp 725–742. doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2283-5
160. Ribalta F, Croser J, Ochatt S (2012) Flow cytometry enables identification of sporophytic eliciting stress treatments in gametic cells. J Plant Physiol 169:104–110. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2011.08.013
161. Ribalta FM, Croser JS, Erskine W, Finnegan PM, Lulsdorf MM, Ochatt S (2014) Antigibberellin-induced reduction of internode length favors in vitro flowering and seed-set in different pea genotypes. Biol Plant 58:39–46. doi:10.1007/s10535-013-0379-0
162. Ribalta FM, Pazos-Navarro M, Nelson K, Edwards K, Ross JJ, Bennett RG, Munday C, Erskine W, Ochatt SJ, Croser JS (2016) Precocious floral initiation and identification of exact timing of embryo physiological maturity facilitate germination of immature seeds to truncate the lifecycle of pea. Plant Growth Regul (in press)
163. Saha S, Tullu A, Yuan HY, Lulsdorf MM, Vandenberg A (2015) Improvement of embryo rescue technique using 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid in combination with in vivo grafting to overcome barriers in lentil interspecific crosses. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 120:109–116. doi:10.1007/s11240-014-0584-3
164. Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Akmar ASN, Rafii MY, Azizi P, Idris A (2014) Serine rich protein is a novel positive regulator for silicon accumulation in mangrove. Gene 556:170–81. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2014.11.055
165. Sainger M, Chaudhary D, Dahiya S, Jaiwal R, Jaiwal PK (2015) Development of an efficient in vitro plant regeneration system amenable to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of a recalcitrant grain legume blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). Physiol Mol Biol Plant 21:505–517. doi:10.1007/s12298-015-0315-1
166. Saini R, Jaiwal S, Jaiwal PK (2003) Stable genetic transformation of Vigna mungo L. Hepper via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Cell Rep 21:851–859. doi:10.1007/s00299-003-0574-0
167. Sanchez EA, Mosquera T (2006) Establishing a methodology for inducing the regeneration of pea (Pisum sativum L.) explants, ‘Santa Isabel’ variety. Agron Colomb 24:17–27. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-99652006000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso
168. Sarker RH, Subroto K, Hoque MI (2012) In vitro flowering and seed formation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). In vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 48:446–452. doi:10.1007/s11627-012-9444-1
169. Sawicka-Sienkiewicz EJ, Galek R, Clements JC, Wilson J (2008) Difficulties with interspecific hybridization in the genus Lupinus. In: Palta JA, Berger JD (eds) Lupins for health and wealth. Proceedings of the 12th international lupin conference, 14–18 Sept 2008, Fremantle, Western Australia, pp 135–142
170. Schlichting CD, Wund MA (2014) Phenotypic plasticity and epigenetic marking: an assessment of evidence for genetic accommodation. Evolution 68:656–672. doi:10.1111/evo.12348
171. Sevimay C. S., Khawar K. M., Yuzbasioglu E. (2005) Adventitious shoot regeneration from different explants of wild lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. orientalis). Biotechnol 19(2):46–49. doi:10.1080/13102818.2005.10817189
172. Silva TD (2012) Microspore embryogenesis. In: Sato KI (ed) Embryogenesis, InTech. http://www.intechopen.com/books/embryogenesis/microspore-embryogenesis. Accessed 21 May 2016
173. Singh AK, Bharati RC, Manibhushan NCH, Pedpati A (2013) An assessment of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) current status and future prospect. Af J Agric Res 8:6634–6641. doi:10.5897/AJAR2013.7335
174. Sivakumar P, Gnanam R, Ramakrishnan K, Manickam A (2010) Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of Vigna radiata. Biol Plant 54(2):245–251. doi:10.1007/s10535-010-0043-x
175. Sivakumar P, Rajesh S, Gnanam R, Manickam A (2011) Effect of in vitro culture conditions on somaclonal variation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.) using RAPD markers. Acta Biol Hung 62(1):34–44. doi:10.1556/ABiol.61.2011.1.3
176. Skrzypek E, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Marcinska I, Wedzony M (2008) Prospects of androgenetic induction in Lupinus spp. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 94:131–137. doi:10.1007/s11240-008-9396-7
177. Skrzypek E, Czyczyło-mysza I, Marcińska I (2012) Indirect organogenesis of faba bean (Vicia faba L. Minor). Acta Biol Cracoviensia 54:102–108. doi:10.2478/v10182-012-0026-7
178. Smýkal P (2000) Pollen embryogenesis: the stress mediated switch from gametophytic to sporophytic development. Current status and future prospects. Biol Plant 43:481–489. doi:10.1023/A:1002835330799
179. Smýkal P, Coyne CJ, Ambrose MJ, Maxted N, Schaefer H, Blair MW et al. (2015) Legume crops phylogeny and genetic diversity for science and breeding. Crit Rev Plant Sci 34:43–104. doi:10.1080/07352689.2014
180. Solleti SK, Bakshi S, Purkayastha J, Panda SK, Sahoo L (2008).Transgenic cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds expressing a bean a-amylase inhibitor 1confer resistance to storage pests, bruchid beetles. Plant Cell Rep 27:1841–1850. doi:10.1007/s00299-008-0606-x
181. Solleti SK, Bakshi S, Sahoo L (2008) Additional virulence genes in conjunction with efficient selection scheme and compatible culture regime enhance recovery of stable transgenic plants in cowpea via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. J Biotechnol 135:97–104. doi:10.1016/jjbiotec.2008.02.008
182. Soniya, E.V., Banerjee, N.S., Das, M.R (2001) Genetic analysis of somaclonal variation among callus-derived plants of tomato. Curr Sci 80(9):1213–1215
183. Srilatha T, Anithadevi U, Ugandhar T (2014) Efficient plantlet regeneration from nodal explant culture of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). Hepper Biosci Discov 5(2):131–138
184. Sriskandarajah S, Sameri M, Lerceteau-Köhler E, Westerbergh A (2015) Increased recovery of green doubled haploid plants from barley anther culture. Crop Sci 55:2806–2812. doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.04.0245
185. Srivastava P, Pandey A (2011) Induction of somatic embryogenesis and plantlet development by using leaf explants in black gram. World Congr Biotechnol. doi:10.4172/2155-952X.1000001
186. Srivastava J, Raghav PK (2013) Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation in pigeonpea—A review. Int J Agric Food Sci 3:154–156
187. Subroto KD, Kishwar JS, Hoque MI, Sarker RH (2012) Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) followed by in vitro flowering and seed formation. Plant Tissue Cult Biotech 22(1):13–26. doi:10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11243
188. Sunil SP, Robinson JP, Karthick Balan SS, Anandhaprabhakaran M, Balakrishnan V (2015) In vitro regeneration and induction of multiple shooting in Cicer arietinum L. using cotyledonary nodal explants Afr J Biotechnol 14(13):1129–1138. doi:10.5897/AJB2013.13547
189. Surma M, Adamski T, Święcicki W, Barzyk P, Kaczmarek Z, Kuczyńska A, Krystkowiak K, Mikołajczak K, Ogrodowicz P (2013) Preliminary results of in vitro culture of pea and lupin embryos for the reduction of generation cycles in single seed descent technique. Acta Soc Bot Pol 82(3):231–236
190. Suvorova, G (2014) Hybridization of cultivated lentil Lens culinaris Medik. and wild species Lens tomentosus Ladizinsky. Czech J Genet Plant Breed 50(2):130–134
191. Szarejko I, Forster BP (2007) Doubled haploidy and induced mutation. Euphytica 158:359–370. doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9241-1
192. Tabe LM, Molvin L (2007) Lupins. In: Chong P, Davey MR (eds) Transgenic crops VI. Springer, Berlin, pp 398–408
193. Tang Y, Chen L, Li XM, Li J, Luo Q, Lai J, Li HX (2012) Effect of culture condition on the plant regeneration via organogenesis from cotyledonary node of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). Afr J Biotechnol 11:3270–3275. doi:10.5897/AJB11.3214
194. Tavallaie F, Ghareyazie B, Bagheri A, Sharma K (2011) Lentil regeneration from cotyledon explant bearing a small part of the embryo axis. Plant Tiss Cult and Biotech 21:169–180. doi:10.3329/ptcb.v21i2.10240
195. Tek AL, Stupar RM, Nagaki K (2015) Modification of centromere structure: a promising approach for haploid line production in plant breeding. Turk J Agric For 39:557–562. doi:10.3906/tar-1405-137
196. Thảo NT, Thảo NTP, Hassan F, Jacobsen HJ (2013) In vitro propagation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) J Sci Develop 11:868–876
197. Thiagarajan T, Recinos H, Tillett A (2013) Effect of salinity on callus formation and organogenesis of red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) European Sci J 9(33):357–362
198. Torres AM, Avila CM, Stoddard FL, Cubero JI (2011) Faba bean. In: Pérez de la Vega M, Torres AM, Cubero JI, Kole C (eds) Genetics, genomics and breeding of cool season grain legumes (genetics, genomics and breeding in crop plants). Science Pubs, New Hampshire, pp 50–97.
199. Tripathi L, Singh AK, Singh S, Singh R, Chaudhary S, Sanyal I, Amla DV (2013) Optimization of regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of immature cotyledons of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 113(3):513–527
200. t with increased tolerance to, and accumulation of, cadmium. Ann Bot 99:227–237. doi:10.1093/aob/mcl261
201. Tullu A, Bett K, Banniza S, Vail S, Vandenberg A (2013) Widening the genetic base of cultivated lentil through hybridization of Lens culinaris “Eston” and L. ervoides accession IG 72815. Can J Plant Sci 93:1037–1047. doi:10.4141/cjps2013-072
202. Ugandhar T, Venkateshwarlu M, Sammailah D. Jagan Mohan Reddy K (2012) Rapid in vitro micro propagation of chick pea (Cicer arietinum L.) from shoot tip and cotyledonary node explants. J Biotechnol Biomater 2(6):1–6. doi:10.4172/2155-952X.1000148
203. Ugandhar T, Venkateshwarlu M, Shekhar GPV, Jagan Mohan Reddy K (2012) High frequency somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from cotyledon explants of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L), a grain legume. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 3(1):291–298
204. Vásquez S, Carrasco J, Seemann P (2015) Induction of somatic embryos in three species of Lupinus (L. angustifolius, L. albus and L. mutabilis). Conference paper: 66 Congreso Agronómico de Chile
205. Venkatachalam P, Geetha N, Priya P, Jayabalan N, Lakshmi Sital G (2003) Somatic embryogenesis. In: Jaiwal PK, Singh RP (eds) Improvement strategies for leguminosae biotechnology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp: 87–132
206. Vianna GR, Albino MMC, Dias BBA, de Mesquita SL, Rech EL, Araga˜o FJL (2004) Fragment DNA as vector for genetic transformation of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Sci Hort 99:371–378. doi:10.1016/S0304-4238(03)00107-9
207. Wang FZ, Wang QB, Kwon SY, Kwak SS, Su WA (2005) Enhanced drought tolerance of transgenic rice plants expressing a pea manganese superoxide dismutase. J Plant Physiol 162:465–472. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2004.09.009
208. Weeden NF (2007) Genetic changes accompanying the domestication of Pisum sativum: is there a common genetic basis to the ‘domestication syndrome’ for legumes? Ann Bot 100:1017–1025. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm122
209. Wilson J, Clements J, Quealy J, Yang H (2008) Development of an interspecific hybridization protocol for Lupinus. In: Palta JA, Berger JD (eds) Lupins for health and wealth. Proceedings of the 12th International Lupin Conference, 14–18 Sept 2008. Fremantle, Western Australia, pp 147–151
210. Zaman MA, Manjur, A.B.M.K., Ahmed M, Islam MM (2010). Effect of 2,4-d on callus induction and subsequent morphogenesis in mature chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) embryo culture. In: Islam AS, Haque MM, Sarker RH, Hoque MI (eds) Role of biotechnology in food security and climate change. Proceedings of sixth international plant tissue culture and biotechnology. Conference, December 3-5, 2010, Bangladesh association plant tissue culture and biotechnology. Dhaka, Bangladesh. pp. 53-58
211. Zhihui S, Tzitzikas M, Raemakers K, Zhengqiang M et al (2009) Effect of TDZ on plant regeneration from mature seeds in pea (Pisum sativum). in vitro. Cell Dev Biol Plant 45:776–782. doi:10.1007/s11627-009-9212-z
212. Ziemienowicz A (2013) Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation: factors, applications and recent advances. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 3:95–102. doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2013.10.004
213. Zulkarnain Z, Tapingkae T, Taji A (2015) Applications of in vitro techniques in plant breeding. In: AlKhayri J, Jain S, Johnson D (eds) Advances in plant breeding strategies: breeding, biotechnology and molecular tools, vol 1. Springer, Switzerland, pp 293–328