Zika virus: Implications for public health

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Volumn 63, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 227-233

  Focosi, Daniele ^a   Maggi, Fabrizio ^a   Pistello, Mauro ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PISA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus; Microcephaly; Zika virus; ZIKAV

Indexed keywords

INSECT REPELLENT; INSECTICIDE; LARVICIDAL AGENT; VIRUS RNA; ZIKA VIRUS VACCINE;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; AEDES AEGYPTI; AEDES ALBOPICTUS; AIR CONDITIONING; ANOPHELES; ARTHRALGIA; ASTHENIA; BED NET; BLOOD DONOR; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CEREBRAL PALSY; CONJUNCTIVITIS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DONOR SELECTION; EDEMA; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FEVER; GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME; HEADACHE; HUMAN; INCUBATION TIME; INFECTION PREVENTION; LYMPHADENOPATHY; MACULOPAPULAR RASH; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; MICROCEPHALY; MYALGIA; PANDEMIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTECTIVE CLOTHING; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; ZIKA FEVER; ZIKA VIRUS; ANIMAL; PHYSIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; PUBLIC HEALTH; ZIKA VIRUS; ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION;

EID: 84985987120     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: 15376591     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw210     Document Type: Review

References (94)

1. HealthMap. 2016 Zika outbreak. Available at: http://www.healthmap.org/zika/#timeline. Accessed 18 March 2016.
2. Robert SL, Amy JL, Mark H, Sonia S, Leticia del Carmen Castillo S. Phylogeny of Zika virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis J 2016; 22.
3. Baronti C, Piorkowski G, Charrel RN, Boubis L, Leparc-Goffart I, de Lamballerie X. Complete coding sequence of Zika virus from a French Polynesia outbreak in 2013. Genome Announc 2014; doi:10.1128/genomeA.00500-14.
4. Freire CCdM, Iamarino A, Neto DFdL, Sall AA, Zanotto PMdA. Spread of the pandemic Zika virus lineage is associated with NS1 codon usage adaptation in humans. bioRxiv 2015; doi:10.1101/032839.
5. Faye O, Freire CC, Iamarino A, et al. Molecular evolution of Zika virus during its emergence in the 20th century. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2636.
6. Faddy HM, Flower RL, Seed CR, et al. Detection of emergent strains of West Nile virus with a blood screening assay. Transfusion 2015; doi:10.1111/trf.13443.
7. Pozzetto B, Memmi M, Garraud O. Is transfusion-transmitted dengue fever a potential public health threat? World J Virol 2015; 4:113-23.
8. Paty MC. The expansion of vector-borne diseases and the implications for blood transfusion safety: the case of West Nile virus, dengue and Chikungunya [in French]. Transfus Clin Biol 2013; 20:165-73.
9. Dick GW, Kitchen SF, Haddow AJ. Zika virus. I. Isolations and serological specificity. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1952; 46:509-20.
10. Macnamara FN. Zika virus: a report on three cases of human infection during an epidemic of jaundice in Nigeria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1954; 48:139-45.
11. Duffy MR, Chen TH, Hancock WT, et al. Zika virus outbreak on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:2536-43.
12. Grard G, Caron M, Mombo IM, et al. Zika virus in Gabon (Central Africa)-2007: a new threat from Aedes albopictus? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2681.
13. Foy BD, Kobylinski KC, Chilson Foy JL, et al. Probable non-vector-borne transmission of Zika virus, Colorado, USA. Emer Infect Dis 2011; 17:880-2.
14. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Rapid risk assessment: Zika virus infection outbreak, French Polynesia. 2014. Available at: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/-layouts/forms/Publication-DispForm.aspx?List=4f55ad51-4aed-4d32-b960-af70113dbb90&ID=1025. Accessed 12 April 2016.
15. Ioos S, Mallet HP, Leparc Goffart I, Gauthier V, Cardoso T, Herida M. Current Zika virus epidemiology and recent epidemics. Med Mal Infect 2014; 44:302-7.
16. Tappe D, Rissland J, Gabriel M, et al. First case of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection imported into Europe, November 2013. Euro Surveill 2014; 19.
17. Waehre T, Maagard A, Tappe D, Cadar D, Schmidt-Chanasit J. Zika virus infection after travel to Tahiti, December 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 20:1412-4.
18. Pyke AT, Daly MT, Cameron JN, et al. Imported Zika virus infection from the Cook islands into Australia, 2014. PLoS Curr 2014; 6.
19. Fonseca K, Meatherall B, Zarra D, et al. First case of Zika virus infection in a returning Canadian traveler. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 91:1035-8.
20. Zammarchi L, Stella G, Mantella A, et al. Zika virus infections imported to Italy: clinical, immunological and virological findings, and public health implications. J Clin Virol 2015; 63:32-5.
21. CNN. Zika virus to spread to all but 2 countries in the Americas, WHO predicts. Available at: http://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/25/health/who-zika-virus-americas/. Accessed 12 April 2016.
22. Samarasekera U, Triunfol M. Concern over Zika virus grips the world. Lancet 2016; 387:521-4.
23. Salvador FS, Fujita DM. Entry routes for Zika virus in Brazil after 2014World Cup: new possibilities. Travel Med Infect Dis 2016; 14:49-51.
24. Bogoch II, Brady OJ, Kraemer MUG, et al. Anticipating the international spread of Zika virus from Brazil. Lancet 2016; 387:335-6.
25. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General summarizes the outcome of the Emergency Committee on Zika. Available at: http://who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/emergency-committee-zika-microcephaly/en/. Accessed 1 February 2016.
26. Haddow AJ, Williams MC, Woodall JP, Simpson DI, Goma LK. Twelve isolations of Zika virus from Aedes (Stegomyia) africanus (Theobald) taken in and above a Uganda forest. Bull World Health Org 1964; 31:57-69.
27. Weinbren MP, Williams MC. Zika virus: further isolations in the Zika area, and some studies on the strains isolated. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1958; 52:263-8.
28. Boorman JP, Porterfield JS. A simple technique for infection of mosquitoes with viruses; transmission of Zika virus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1956; 50:238-42.
29. Cornet M, Robin Y, Adam C, Valade M, Calvo M. Comparison between experimental transmission of yellow fever and Zika viruses in Aedes aegypti. Cah ORSTOM Ser Ent Med Parasitol 1979; 17:47-53.
30. Li MI, Wong PS, Ng LC, Tan CH. Oral susceptibility of Singapore Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) to Zika virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1792.
31. Diallo D, Sall AA, Diagne CT, et al. Zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern Senegal, 2011. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109442.
32. Oehler E,Watrin L, Larre P, et al. Zika virus infection complicated by Guillain-Barre syndrome-case report, French Polynesia, December 2013. Euro Surveill 2014; 19.
33. Gardner LM, Chen N, Sarkar S. Global risk of Zika virus depends critically on vector status of Aedes albopictus. Lancet Infect Dis 2016; doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(16) 00176-6.
34. Besnard M, Lastere S, Teissier A, Cao-Lormeau V, Musso D. Evidence of perinatal transmission of Zika virus, French Polynesia, December 2013 and February 2014. Euro Surveill 2014; 19.
35. Calvet G, Aguiar RS, Melo ASO, et al. Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: a case study. Lancet Infect Dis 2016; doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00095-5.
36. Musso D, Roche C, Robin E, Nhan T, Teissier A, Cao-Lormeau VM. Potential sexual transmission of Zika virus. Emer Infect Dis 2015; 21:359-61.
37. Barry A, Pasco H, Babak A, et al. Detection of Zika virus in semen. Emer Infect Dis J 2016; doi:10.3201/eid2205.160107.
38. Dallas County Department of Health and Human Services. DCHHS reports first Zika virus case in Dallas County acquired through sexual transmission. Available at: http://www.dallascounty.org/department/hhs/press/documents/PR2-2-16DCHHSReportsFirstCaseofZikaVirusThroughSexualTransmission.pdf. Accessed 12 April 2016.
39. Musso D, Nhan T, Robin E, et al. Potential for Zika virus transmission through blood transfusion demonstrated during an outbreak in French Polynesia, November 2013 to February 2014. Euro Surveill 2014; 19.
40. Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy. Brazil confirms blood-transfusion Zika; PAHO calls for global support. Available at:. http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2016/02/brazil-confirms-blood-transfusion-zika-pahocalls- global-support. Accessed 5 February 2016.
41. Dupont-Rouzeyrol M, Biron A, O'Connor O, Huguon E, Descloux E. Infectious Zika viral particles in breastmilk. Lancet 2016; 387:1051.
42. Rudolph KE, Lessler J, Moloney RM, Kmush B, Cummings DAT. Incubation periods of mosquito-borne viral infections: a systematic review. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 90:882-91.
43. Karimi O, Goorhuis A, Schinkel J, et al. Thrombocytopenia and subcutaneous bleedings in a patient with Zika virus infection. Lancet 2016; 387:939-40.
44. Carteaux G, Maquart M, Bedet A, et al. Zika virus associated with meningoencephalitis. N Engl J Med 2016; doi:10.1056/NEJMc1602964.
45. Cao-Lormeau VM, Blake A, Mons S, et al. Guillain-Barre syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: a case-control study. Lancet 2016; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00562-6.
46. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news: Zika virus infection-Cape Verde. Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/don/21-december-2015-zika-capeverde/en/. Accessed 12 April 2016.
47. Saúde A. MICROCEFALIA Ministério da Saúde divulga boletim epidemiológico. Available at: http://portalsaude.saude.gov.br/index.php/cidadao/principal/agencia-saude/20805-ministerio-da-saude-divulga-boletim-epidemiologico. Accessed 12 April 2016.
48. Schuler-Faccini L, Ribeiro EM, Feitosa IM, et al. Possible association between Zika virus infection and microcephaly-Brazil, 2015. MMWR Morbidity Mortal Wkly Rep 2016; 65:59-62.
49. Victora CG, Schuler-Faccini L, Matijasevich A, Ribeiro E, Pessoa A, Barros FC. Microcephaly in Brazil: how to interpret reported numbers? Lancet 2016; 387:621-4.
50. Soares de Araújo J, Regis C, Gomes R, Tavares T, Rocha dos Santos C, Assunção P. Microcephaly in northeast Brazil: a review of 16 208 births between 2012 and 2015. Bull World Health Organ 2016; doi:10.2471/BLT.16.170639.
51. Silasi M, Cardenas I, Kwon JY, Racicot K, Aldo P, Mor G. Viral infections during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 73:199-213.
52. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Transcript for CDC telebriefing: Zika virus travel alert. Press briefing transcript. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/t0116-zika-virus-travel.html. Accessed 12 April 2016.
53. Mlakar J, Korva M, Tul N, et al. Zika virus associated with microcephaly. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:951-8.
54. de Paula Freitas B, de Oliveira Dias JR, Prazeres J, et al. Ocular findings in infants with microcephaly associated with presumed Zika virus congenital infection in Salvador, Brazil. JAMA Ophthalmol 2016; doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.0267.
55. Ventura CV, Maia M, Bravo-Filho V, Gois AL, Belfort R Jr. Zika virus in Brazil and macular atrophy in a child with microcephaly. Lancet 2016; 387:228.
56. Ventura CV, Maia M, Ventura BV, et al. Ophthalmological findings in infants with microcephaly and presumable intra-uterus Zika virus infection. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2016; 79:1-3.
57. Brasil P, Pereira JP, Raja Gabaglia C, et al. Zika virus infection in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro-preliminary report. N Engl J Med 2016; doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1602412.
58. Jouannic J-M, Friszer S, Leparc-Goffart I, Garel C, Eyrolle-Guignot D. Zika virus infection in French Polynesia. Lancet 2016; 387:1051-2.
59. Dick GWA. Zika virus (II). Pathogenicity and physical properties. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1952; 46:521-34.
60. Bell TM, Field EJ, Narang HK. Zika virus infection of the central nervous system of mice. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1971; 35:183-93.
61. Hamel R, Dejarnac O, Wichit S, et al. Biology of Zika virus infection in human skin cells. J Virol 2015; 89:8880-96.
62. Tang H, Hammack C, Ogden SC, et al. Zika virus infects human cortical neural progenitors and attenuates their growth. Cell Stem Cell 2016; doi:10.1016/j. stem.2016.02.016.
63. Ayers M, Adachi D, Johnson G, Andonova M, Drebot M, Tellier R. A single tube RT-PCR assay for the detection of mosquito-borne flaviviruses. J Virol Methods 2006; 135:235-9.
64. Moureau G, Temmam S, Gonzalez JP, Charrel RN, Grard G, de Lamballerie X. A real-time RT-PCR method for the universal detection and identification of flaviviruses. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2007; 7:467-77.
65. Faye O, Faye O, Dupressoir A, Weidmann M, Ndiaye M, Alpha Sall A. One-step RT-PCR for detection of Zika virus. J Clin Virol 2008; 43:96-101.
66. Faye O, Faye O, Diallo D, Diallo M,Weidmann M, Sall AA. Quantitative real-time PCR detection of Zika virus and evaluation with field-caught mosquitoes. Virol J 2013; 10:311.
67. Grard G, Caron M, Mombo IM, et al. Zika virus in Gabon (Central Africa)? 2007: a new threat from Aedes albopictus? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2681.
68. Balm MN, Lee CK, Lee HK, Chiu L, Koay ES, Tang JW. A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction assay for Zika virus. J Med Virol 2012; 84:1501-5.
69. Gourinat AC, O'Connor O, Calvez E, Goarant C, Dupont-Rouzeyrol M. Detection of Zika virus in urine. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 21:84-6.
70. Mansuy JM, Dutertre M, Mengelle C, et al. Zika virus: high infectious viral load in semen, a new sexually transmitted pathogen? Lancet Infect Dis 2016; 16:405.
71. Maurice J. WHO meeting thrashes out R&D strategy against Zika. Lancet 2016; 387:1147.
72. Yakob L, Walker T. Zika virus outbreak in the Americas: the need for novel mosquito control methods. Lancet Global Health 2016; 4:e148-9.
73. Sedgh G, Singh S, Hussain R. Intended and unintended pregnancies worldwide in 2012 and recent trends. Stud Fam Plann 2014; 45:301-14.
74. Amnesty International. El Salvador's total abortion ban sentences children and families to trauma and poverty. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/11/el-salvador-s-total-abortion-ban-sentences-children-and-familiesto- trauma-and-poverty/. Accessed 27 February 2016.
75. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Upholding women's human rights essential to Zika response-Zeid. Available at: http://www. ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=17014&LangID=E.Accessed 5 February 2016.
76. Higgs S. Zika virus emergence and emergency. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:75-6.
77. Lima EP, Paiva MHS, de Araújo AP, et al. Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti populations from Ceará, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2011; 4:1-12.
78. Harris AF, Nimmo D, McKemey AR, et al. Field performance of engineered male mosquitoes. Nat Biotechnol 2011; 29:1034-7.
79. Lacroix R, McKemey AR, Raduan N, et al. Open field release of genetically engineered sterile male Aedes aegypti in Malaysia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42771.
80. Carvalho DO, McKemey AR, Garziera L, et al. Suppression of a field population of Aedes aegypti in Brazil by sustained release of transgenic male mosquitoes. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003864.
81. Caragata EP, Dutra HL, Moreira LA. Exploiting intimate relationships: controlling mosquito-transmitted disease with Wolbachia. Trends Parasitol 2015; 32:207-18.
82. Hoffmann AA, Montgomery BL, Popovici J, et al. Successful establishment of Wolbachia in Aedes populations to suppress dengue transmission. Nature 2011; 476:454-7.
83. Ferguson NM, Hue Kien DT, Clapham H, et al. Modeling the impact on virus transmission of Wolbachia-mediated blocking of dengue virus infection of Aedes aegypti. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:279ra37.
84. WeselakM, Arbuckle TE, FosterW. Pesticide exposures and developmental outcomes: the epidemiological evidence. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 2007; 10:41-80.
85. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Malathion. 112-07 IM. Available at: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol112/mono112-07.pdf. Accessed 12 March 2016.
86. Ministry of Health, Brazil. Information system on diseases of compulsory declaration. Incidence of dengue cases and deaths number in Brazil from 1990 to 2015. Accessed 12 March 2016.
87. World Health Organization. Maintaining a safe and adequate blood supply during Zika virus outbreaks WHO/ZIKV/HS/16.1. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204436/1/WHO-ZIKV-HS-16.1-eng.pdf. Accessed 12March 2016.
88. Busch MP, Caglioti S, Robertson EF, et al. Screening the blood supply forWest Nile virus RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:460-7.
89. Liumbruno GM, Calteri D, Petropulacos K, et al. The Chikungunya epidemic in Italy and its repercussion on the blood system. Blood Transfus 2008; 6:199-210.
90. Brouard C, Bernillon P, Quatresous I, et al. Estimated risk of Chikungunya viremic blood donation during an epidemic on Reunion Island in the Indian Ocean, 2005 to 2007. Transfusion 2008; 48:1333-41.
91. Kleinman S. Pathogen inactivation: emerging indications. Curr Opin Hematol 2015; 22:547-53.
92. AubryM, Richard V, Green J, Broult J, Musso D. Inactivation of Zika virus in plasma with amotosalen and ultraviolet A illumination. Transfusion 2016; 56:33-40.
93. Faddy HM, Prow NA, Fryk JJ, et al. The effect of riboflavin and ultraviolet light on the infectivity of arboviruses. Transfusion 2015; 55:824-31.
94. Paz S, Semenza JC. El Niño and climate change-contributing factors in the dispersal of Zika virus in the Americas? Lancet 2015; 387:745.