Frontostriatal circuits and the development of bulimia nervosa

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Volumn 8, Issue NOV, 2014, Pages

  Berner, Laura A ^a   Marsh, Rachel ^b  

^a DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Binge eating; Bulimia nervosa; Eating disorder development; Frontostriatal circuits; Purging

Indexed keywords

AGE; BEHAVIOR CONTROL; BINGE EATING DISORDER; BRAIN MATURATION; BULIMIA; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FRONTOSTRIATAL CIRCUIT; HUMAN; LEARNING; LEARNING DISORDER; LIFESPAN; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROMODULATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; REWARD; STIMULUS RESPONSE;

EID: 84979900468     PISSN: 16625153     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00395     Document Type: Review

References (121)

1. Adleman, N. E., Menon, V., Blasey, C. M., White, C. D., Warsofsky, I. S., Glover, G. H., etal. (2002). A developmental fMRI study of the stroop color-word task. Neuroimage. 16, 61-75. doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.1046
2. Alexander, G., Crutcher, M., and Delong, M. (1990). Basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits: parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, “prefrontal”, and “limbic” functions. Prog. Brain Res. 85, 119-146. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62678-3
3. Alexander, G.E., Delong, M. R.,and Strick, P.L. (1986).Parallelorganization offunc- tionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 357-381. doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041
4. Amianto, F., Caroppo, P., D’agata, F., Spalatro, A., Lavagnino, L., Caglio, M., etal. (2013). Brain volumetric abnormalities in patients with anorexia and bulimianervosa:avoxel-based morphometrystudy. PsychiatryRes. 213,210-216. doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.03.010
5. Asato, M. R.,. (2010).White matter development in adolescence: a DTI study. Cereb. Cortex. 20, 2122-2131. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp282
6. American Psychiatric Association.(2000).Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
7. Balleine, B. W., and O’doherty, J. P. (2009). Human and rodent homologies in action control: corticostriatal determinants of goal-directed and habitual action. Neuropsychopharmacology. 35, 48-69. doi:10.1038/npp.2009.131
8. Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., and Anderson, S. W. (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to prefrontal cortex. Cognition. 50, 7-15. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
9. Behrendt, R.-P. (2013). Conscious experience and episodic memory: hippocampus at the crossroads. Front. Psychol. 4, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00304
10. Berkman, E. T., Kahn, L. E., and Merchant, J. S. (2014). Training-induced changes in inhibitory control network activity. J. Neurosci. 34, 149-157. doi:10.1523/JNEUR0SCI.3564-13.2014
11. Bjork, J. M., Knutson, B., Fong, G. W., Caggiano, D. M., Bennett, S. M., and Hommer, D. W. (2004). Incentive-elicited brain activation in adolescents: similarities and differences from young adults. J. Neurosci. 24, 1793-1802. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4862-03.2004
12. Boeka, A. G., and Lokken, K. L. (2006). The Iowa gambling task as a measure of decision making in women with bulimia nervosa. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 12, 741-745. doi:10.1017/S1355617706060887
13. Bohon, C., and Stice, E. (2011). Reward abnormalities amongwomen with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 44, 585-595. doi:10.1002/eat.20869
14. Bruce, K. R., Koerner, N. M., Steiger, H., and Young, S. N. (2003). Laxative misuse and behavioral disinhibition in bulimia nervosa. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 33, 92-97. doi:10.1002/eat.10116
15. Bunge, S. A., Dudukovic, N. M., Thomason, M. E., Vaidya, C. J., and Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2002). Immature frontal lobe contributions to cognitive control in children: evidence from fMRI. Neuron.33,301-311.doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00583-9
16. Casey, B. J., Getz, S., and Galvan, A. (2008). The adolescent brain. Dev. Rev. 28, 62-77. doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.003
17. Casey, B. J., and Jones, R. M. (2010). Neurobiology of the adolescent brain and behavior: implications for substance use disorders. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 49,1189-1201. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.08.017
18. Casey, B. J., Tottenham, N., and Fossella, J. (2002). Clinical, imaging, lesion, and genetic approaches toward a model of cognitive control. Dev. Psychobiol. 40, 237-254. doi:10.1002/dev.10030
19. Casey, B. J., Trainor, R. J., Orendi, J. L., Schubert, A. B., Nystrom, L. E., Giedd, J. N., et al. (1997). A developmental functional MRI study of prefrontal activation during performance of a go-no-go task. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 9, 835-847. doi:10.1162/jocn.1997.9.6.835
20. Celone, K. A., Thompson-Brenner, H., Ross, R. S., Pratt, E. M., and Stern, C. E. (2011). An fMRI investigation of the fronto-striatal learning system in women who exhibit eating disorder behaviors. Neuroimage. 56, 1749-1757. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.026
21. Chan, T. W. S., Ahn, W.-Y., Bates, J. E., Busemeyer, J. R., Guillaume, S., Redgrave, G. W., etal. (2014). Differential impairments underlying decision making in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: a cognitive modeling analysis. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 47, 157-167. doi:10.1002/eat.22223
22. Claes, L., Nederkoorn, C., Vandereycken, W., Guerrieri, R., and Vertommen, H. (2006). Impulsiveness and lack of inhibitory control in eating disorders. Eat. Behav. 7,196-203. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2006.05.001
23. Cohen, J. R., Asarnow, R. F., Sabb, F. W., Bilder, R. M., Bookheimer, S. Y., Knowlton, B. J., et al. (2010).Aunique adolescent response to rewardpredictionerrors. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 669-671. doi:10.1038/nn.2558
24. Crone, E. A., and Van Der Molen, M. W. (2004). Developmental changes in real life decision making: performance on a gambling task previously shown to depend on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Dev. Neuropsychol. 25, 251-279. doi:10.1207/s15326942dn2503_2
25. Daw, N. D., Niv, Y., and Dayan, P. (2005). Uncertainty-based competition between prefrontal and dorsolateral striatal systems for behavioral control. Nat. Neurosci. 8,1704-1711. doi:10.1038/nn1560
26. Dobson, K. S., and Dozois, D. J. (2004). Attentional biases in eating disorders: a meta-analytic review of stroop performance. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 23, 1001-1022. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2003.09.004
27. Downar, J., Bakker, N., Geraci, J., Dunlop, K., Salomons, T., Giacobbe, P., et al. (2013). 1571 - Efficacy of rTMS of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex on binge- purge behaviors in refractory anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a case series. Eur. Psychiatry. 28 (Suppl. 1), 1. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(13)76391-0
28. Eagle, D., Bari, A., and Robbins, T. (2008). The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks. Psychopharmacology. 199, 439-456. doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1127-6
29. Eichenbaum, H. (2000). A cortical-hippocampal system for declarative memory. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 1,41-50. doi:10.1038/35036213
30. Eriksson, P. S., Perfilieva, E., Bjork-Eriksson, T., Alborn, A.-M., Nordborg, C., Peterson, D. A., et al. (1998). Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat. Med. 4,1313-1317. doi:10.1038/3305
31. Ernst, M., Nelson, E. E., Jazbec, S., Mcclure, E. B., Monk, C. S., Leibenluft, E., etal. (2005). Amygdala and nucleus accumbens in responses to receipt and omission of gains in adults and adolescents. Neuroimage. 25, 1279-1291. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.12.038
32. Ernst, M., Pine, D. S., and Hardin, M. (2006). Triadic model of the neurobiology of motivated behavior in adolescence. Psychol. Med. 36, 299-312. doi:10.1017/S0033291705005891
33. Eshel, N., Nelson, E.E., Blair, R. J., Pine, D. S., and Ernst, M. (2007).Neuralsubstrates of choice selection in adults and adolescents: development of the ventrolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. Neuropsychologia. 45, 1270-1279. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.004
34. Feil, J., Sheppard, D., Fitzgerald, P. B., Yucel, M., Lubman, D. I., and Bradshaw, J. L. (2010).Addiction, compulsive drug seeking, and the role of frontostriatal mechanisms in regulating inhibitory control. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 35, 248-275. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.03.001
35. Frank, G. K., Bailer, U. F., Henry, S., Wagner, A., and Kaye, W. H. (2004). Neuroimaging studies in eating disorders. CNS Spectr. 9, 539-548
36. Frank, G. K., Shott, M. E., Hagman, J. O., and Mittal, V. A. (2013). Alterations in brain structures related to taste reward circuitry in ill and recovered anorexia nervosa and in bulimia nervosa. Am. J. Psychiatry. 170, 1152-1160. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12101294
37. Frank, G. K. W. (2013). Altered brain reward circuits in eating disorders: chicken or egg? Curr. Psychia,tryRep. 15, 396. doi:10.1007/s11920-013-0396-x
38. Frank, G. K. W., Reynolds, J. R., Shott, M. E., and O’reilly, R. C. (2011). Altered temporal difference learning in bulimia nervosa. Biol. Psychiatry. 70, 728-735. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.011
39. Fregni, F., Orsati, F., Pedrosa, W., Fecteau, S., Tome, F. A. M., Nitsche, M. A., et al. (2008). Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex modulates the desire for specific foods. Appetite. 51, 34-41. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.09.016
40. Furlong, T. M., Jayaweera, H. K., Balleine, B.W., and Corbit, L. H. (2014). Binge-like consumption of a palatable food accelerates habitual control of behavior and is dependent on activation of the dorsolateral striatum. J. Neurosci. 34, 5012-5022. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3707-13.2014
41. Galvan, A., Hare, T., Voss, H., Glover, G., and Casey, B. J. (2007). Risk-taking and the adolescent brain: who is at risk? Dev. Sci. 10, F8-F14. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00579.x
42. Galvan, A., Hare, T.A., Parra, C. E., Penn, J., Voss, H., Glover, G., et al. (2006). Earlier development of the accumbens relative to orbitofrontal cortex might underlie risk-taking behavior in adolescents. J. Neurosci. 26, 6885-6892. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1062-06.2006
43. Geier, C. F., Terwilliger, R., Teslovich, T., Velanova, K., and Luna, B. (2010). Immaturities in reward processing and its influence on inhibitory control in adolescence. Cereb. Cortex. 20, 1613-1629. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp225
44. Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., et al. (1999). Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nat. Neurosci. 2, 861-863. doi: 10.1038/13158
45. Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., et al. (2004). Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101, 8174-8179. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402680101
46. Goodman, J., Marsh, R., Peterson, B. S., and Packard, M. G. (2014).Annual research review: the neurobehavioral development of multiple memory systems - implications for childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry. 55, 582-610. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12169
47. Goodman, M., Carpenter, D., Tang, C.Y., Goldstein, K. E., Avedon, J., Fernandez, N., et al. (2014). Dialectical behavior therapy alters emotion regulation and amyg- dalaactivityinpatientswithborderline personalitydisorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 57, 108-116. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.020
48. Haber, S. (2008). Parallel and integrative processing through the basal ganglia rewardcircuit:lessonsfromaddiction. Biol. Psychiatry. 64,173-174. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.033
49. Haber, S. N., and Knutson, B. (2009). The reward circuit: linking primate anatomy and human imaging. Neuropsychopharmacology. 35, 4-26. doi:10.1038/npp.2009.129
50. Haedt-Matt, A. A., and Keel, P. K. (2011). Revisiting the affect regulation model of binge eating: a meta-analysis of studies using ecological momentary assessment. Psychol. Bull. 137, 660-681. doi:10.1037/a0023660
51. Hallett, P. E. (1978). Primary and secondary saccades to goals defined by instructions. Vision Res. 18, 1279-1296. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(78)90218-3
52. Holderness, C. C., Brooks-Gunn, J., and Warren, M. P. (1994). Co-morbidity of eating disorders and substance abuse review of the literature. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 16, 1-34. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(199407)16:1< 1::AID-EAT2260160102>3.0.CO;2-T
53. Hooper, C. J., Luciana, M., Conklin, H. M., and Yarger, R. S. (2004). Adolescents’per- formance on the Iowa gambling task: implications for the development of decision making and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Dev. Psychol. 40, 1148-1158. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.6.1148
54. Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope, H. G., and Kessler, R. C. (2007). The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Biol. Psychiatry. 61, 348-358. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.040
55. Huttenlocher, P. R. (1979). Synaptic density in human frontal cortex - developmental changes and effects of aging. Brain Res. 163, 195-205. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90349-4
56. Hwang, K., Velanova, K., and Luna, B. (2010). Strengthening of top-down frontal cognitive control networks underlying the development of inhibitory control: a functional magnetic resonance imaging effective connectivity study. J. Neurosci. 30,15535-15545. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2825-10.2010
57. Jacobi, C., Hayward, C., De Zwaan, M., Kraemer, H. C., and Agras, W. S. (2004). Coming to terms with risk factors for eating disorders: application of risk terminology and suggestions for a general taxonomy. Psychol. Bull. 130, 19-65. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.19
58. Kaltiala-Heino, R., Rissanen, A., Rimpela, M., and Rantanen, P. (2003). Bulimia and impulsive behaviour in middle adolescence. Psychother. Psychosom. 72, 26-33. doi:10.1159/000067187
59. Kaye, W. (2008). Neurobiology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Physiol. Behav. 94, 121-135. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.11.037
60. Kaye, W. H., Frank, G. K., Meltzer, C. C., Price, J. C., Mcconaha, C. W., Crossan, P. J., et al. (2001). Altered serotonin 2A receptor activity in women who have recovered from bulimia nervosa. Am. J. Psychiatry. 158,1152-1155. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.7.1152
61. Kaye, W. H., Wierenga, C. E., Bailer, U. F., Simmons, A. N., Wagner, A., and Bischoff- Grethe, A. (2013). Does a shared neurobiology for foods and drugs of abuse contribute to extremes of food ingestion in anorexia and bulimia nervosa? Biol. Psychiatry. 73, 836-842. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.01.002
62. Keski-Rahkonen, A., Hoek, H. W., Linna, M. S., Raevuori, A., Sihvola, E., Bulik, C. M., etal. (2009). Incidence and outcomes of bulimia nervosa: a nationwide population-based study. Psychol. Med. 39, 823-831. doi:10.1017/S0033291708003942
63. Knowlton, B. J., Squire, L. R., and Gluck, M. A. (1994). Probabilistic classification learning in amnesia. Learn. Mem. 1, 106-120
64. Labouliere, C. D., Terranova, K., and Marsh, R. (2014).“Habit learning deficits across development in bulimia nervosa,” in Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry (New York, NY).
65. Lenroot, R. K., and Giedd, J. N. (2006). Brain development in children and adolescents: Insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30, 718-729. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.001
66. Liao, P.-C., Uher, R., Lawrence, A. D., Treasure, J., Schmidt, U., Campbell, I. C., et al. (2009). An examination of decision making in bulimia nervosa. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 31,455-461. doi:10.1080/13803390802251378
67. Liston, C., Watts, R., Tottenham, N., Davidson, M. C., Niogi, S., Ulug, A. M., et al. (2006). Frontostriatal microstructure modulates efficient recruitment of cognitive control. Cereb. Cortex. 16, 553-560. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj003
68. Lock, J., Garrett, A., Beenhakker, J., and Reiss, A. L. (2011). Aberrant brain activation during a response inhibition task in adolescent eating disorder subtypes. Am. J. Psychiatry. 168, 55-64. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10010056
69. Logan, G. D., Schachar, R. J., and Tannock, R. (1997). Impulsivity and inhibitory control. Psychol. Sci. 8, 60-64. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00545.x
70. Lueken, U., Straube, B., Konrad, C., Wittchen, H.-U., Strohle, A., Wittmann, A., et al. (2013). Neural substrates of treatment response to cognitive-behavioral therapy in panic disorder with agoraphobia. Am. J. Psychiatry 170, 1345-1355. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12111484
71. Luna, B., Thulborn, K. R., Munoz, D. P., Merriam, E. P., Garver, K. E., Minshew, N. J., et al. (2001). Maturation of widely distributed brain function subserves cognitive development. Neuroimage. 13, 786-793. doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0743
72. Manes, F., Sahakian, B., Clark, L., Rogers, R., Antoun, N., Aitken, M., et al. (2002). Decision-making processes following damage to the prefrontal cortex. Brain. 125, 624-639. doi:10.1093/brain/awf049
73. Marsh, R., Hao, X., Xu, D., Wang, Z., Duan, Y., Liu, J., etal. (2010). A virtual reality-based FMRI study of reward-based spatial learning. Neuropsychologia. 48, 2912-2921. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.033
74. Marsh, R., Horga, G., Wang, Z., Wang, P., Klahr, K. W., Berner, L. A., et al. (2011). An fMRI study of self-regulatory control and conflict resolution in adolescents with bulimia nervosa. Am. J. Psychiatry. 168, 1210-1220. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11010094
75. Marsh, R., Stefan, M., Bansal, R., Hao, X., Walsh, B. T., and Peterson, B. S. (2013a). Anatomical characteristics of the cerebral surface in bulimia nervosa. Biol. Psychiatry. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.07.017
76. Marsh, R., Terranova, K., Fontaine, M., and Wang, Z. (2013b). “Reward-based learning in teens with bulimia nervosa,” in Annual Meetingof theAmerican College of Neuropsychopharmacology (Hollywood, FL).
77. Marsh, R., Steinglass, J. E., Gerber, A. J., Graziano O’leary, K., Wang, Z., Murphy, D., et al. (2009a). Deficient activity in the neural systems that mediate self-regulatory control in bulimia nervosa. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 66, 51-63. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.504
78. Marsh, R., Steinglass, J. E., Gerber, A. J., O’leary, K. G., Walsh, B. T., and Peterson, B. S. (2009b). Deficient activity in the neural systems that mediate self-regulatory control in bulimia nervosa. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 66, 1-13. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.504
79. Marsh, R. P., Maia, T. V. P., and Peterson, B. S. M. D. (2009c). Functional disturbances within frontostriatal circuits across multiple childhood psychopathologies. Am. J. Psychiatry. 166, 664-674. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08091354
80. Marsh, R., Zhu, H., Schultz, R. T., Quackenbush, G., Royal, J., Skudlarski, P., et al. (2006). A developmental fMRI study of self-regulatory control. Hum. Brain Mapp. 27, 848-863. doi:10.1002/hbm.20225
81. Martin, C. A., Kelly, T. H., Rayens, M. K., Brogli, B. R., Brenzel, A., Smith, W. J., et al. (2002). Sensation seeking, puberty, and nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana use in adolescence. J. Am. Acad. ChildAdolesc. Psychiatry. 41, 1495-1502. doi:10.1097/00004583-200212000-00022
82. Mettler, L. N., Shott, M. E., Pryor, T., Yang, T. T., and Frank, G. K. W. (2013). White matter integrity is reduced in bulimia nervosa. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 46, 264-273. doi:10.1002/eat.22083
83. Miller, E. K., and Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24,167-202. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167
84. Minzenberg, M. J., and Carter, C. S. (2007). Modafinil: a review of neurochemical actions and effects on cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology. 33, 1477-1502. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301534
85. Mischel, W., Shoda, Y., and Rodriguez, M. L. (1989). Delay of gratification in children. Science. 244, 933. doi:10.1126/science.2658056
86. Mitchell, J. E., Agras, S., and Wonderlich, S. (2007). Treatment of bulimia nervosa: where are we and where are we going? Int. J. Eat. Disord. 40, 95-101. doi:10.1002/eat.20343
87. Mobbs, O., Van Der Linden, M., D’acremont, M., and Perroud, A. (2008). Cognitive deficits and biases for food and body in bulimia: investigation using an affective shifting task. Eat. Behav. 9,455-461. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2008.07.002
88. Mond, J. M., Latner, J. D., Hay, P. H., Owen, C., and Rodgers, B. (2010). Objective and subjective bulimic episodes in the classification of bulimic-type eating disorders: another nail in the coffin of a problematic distinction. Behav. Res. Ther. 48, 661-669. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.03.020
89. Nozoe, S., Naruo, T., Yonekura, R., Nakabeppu, Y., Soejima, Y., Nagai, N., et al. (1995). Comparison of regional cerebral blood flow in patients with eating disorders. Brain Res. Bull. 36, 251-255. doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)00199-B
90. Ordaz, S. J., Foran, W., Velanova, K., and Luna, B. (2013). Longitudinal growth curves of brain function underlying inhibitory control through adolescence. J. Neurosci. 33, 18109-18124. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1741-13.20130stby,Y
91. Tamnes, C. K., Fjell, A. M., Westlye, L. T., Due-Tnnessen, P., and Wal- hovd, K. B. (2009). Heterogeneity in subcortical brain development: a structural magnetic resonance imaging study of brain maturation from 8 to 30 years. J. Neurosci. 29, 11772-11782. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1242-09.2009
92. Packard, M. G., Hirsh, R., and White, N. M. (1989). Differential effects of fornix and caudate nucleus lesions on two radial maze tasks: evidence for multiple memory systems. J. Neurosci. 9, 1465-1472
93. Packard, M. G., and Knowlton, B. J. (2002). Learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 25, 563-593. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142937
94. Packard, M. G., and White, N. M. (1991). Dissociation of hippocampus and caudate nucleus memory systems by posttraining intracerebral injection of dopamine agonists. Behav. Neurosci. 105,295-306. doi:10.1037/0735-7044.105.2.295
95. Paul, T., Schroeter, K., Dahme, B., and Nutzinger, D. O. (2002). Self-injurious behavior in women with eating disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry. 159, 408-411. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.3.408
96. Pearson, C. M., Riley, E. N., Davis, H. A., and Smith, G. T. (2014). Research review: two pathways toward impulsive action: an integrative risk model for bulimic behavior in youth. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 55, 852-864. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12214
97. Radeloff, D., Willmann, K., Otto, L., Lindner, M., Putnam, K., Leeuwen, S. V., et al. (2014). High-fat taste challenge reveals altered striatal response in women recovered from bulimia nervosa: a pilot study. World J. Biol Psychiatry 15, 307-316. doi:10.3109/15622975.2012.671958
98. Rosval, L., Steiger, H., Bruce, K., Israel, M., Richardson, J., and Aubut, M. (2006). Impulsivity in women with eating disorders: problem of response inhibition, planning, or attention? Int. J. Eat. Disord. 39, 590-593. doi:10.1002/eat.20296
99. Rubia, K., Overmeyer, S., Taylor, E., Brammer, M., Williams, S. C., Simmons, A., et al. (2000a). Functional frontalisation with age: mapping neurodevelopmental trajectories with fMRI. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24, 13-19. doi:10.1016/S0149-7634(99)00055-X
100. Rubia, K., Overmeyer, S., Taylor, E., Brammer, M., Williams, S. C. R., Simmons, A., et al. (2000b). Functional frontalisation with age: mapping neu- rodevelopmental trajectories with fMRI. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24, 13-19. doi:10.1016/S0149-7634(99)00055-X
101. Rubia, K., Russell, T., Overmeyer, S., Brammer, M. J., Bullmore, E. T., Sharma, T., etal. (2001). Mapping motor inhibition: conjunctive brain activations across different versions of go/no-go and stop tasks. Neuroimage. 13, 250-261. doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0685
102. Rubia, K., Smith, A. B., Taylor, E., and Brammer, M. (2007). Linear age-correlated functional development of right inferior fronto-striato-cerebellar networks during response inhibition and anterior cingulate during error-related processes. Hum. Brain Mapp. 28, 1163-1177. doi:10.1002/hbm.20347
103. Rubia, K., Smith, A. B., Woolley, J., Nosarti, C., Heyman, I., Taylor, E., et al. (2006). Progressive increase of frontostriatal brain activation from childhood to adulthood during event-related tasks of cognitive control. Hum. Brain Mapp. 27, 973-993. doi:10.1002/hbm.20237
104. Shomaker, L. B., Tanofsky-Kraff, M., Elliott, C., Wolkoff, L. E., Columbo, K. M., Ranzenhofer, L. M., et al. (2010). Salience of loss of control for pediatric binge episodes: does size really matter? Int. J. Eat. Disord. 43, 707-716. doi:10.1002/eat.20767
105. Simon, J. R. (1969). Reactions toward the source of stimulation. J. Exp. Psychol. 81, 174-176. doi:10.1037/h0027448
106. Somerville, L. H., Hare, T., and Casey, B. J. (2011). Frontostriatal maturation predicts cognitive control failure to appetitive cues in adolescence. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 23, 2123-2134. doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21572
107. Sowell, E. R., Thompson, P. M., Leonard, C. M., Welcome, S. E., Kan, E., and Toga, A. W. (2004). Longitudinal mapping of cortical thickness and brain growth in normal children. J. Neurosci. 24, 8223-8231. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1798-04.2004
108. Stice, E. (2002). Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: a meta-analytic review. Psychol. Bull. 128, 825-848. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.825
109. Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serialverbal reactions. J. Exp. Psychol. 18, 643-662. doi:10.1037/h0054651
110. Tamm, L., Menon, V., and Reiss, A. L. (2002).Maturation ofbrainfunctionassociated with response inhibition. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 41, 1231-1238. doi:10.1097/00004583-200210000-00013
111. Tripp, G., andAlsop, B. (1999). Age-related changes in sensitivityto relative reward frequency. NZ J. Psychol. 28, 30-36
112. Uher, R., Murphy, T., Brammer, M. J., Dalgleish, T., Phillips, M. L., Ng, V. W., et al. (2004). Medial prefrontal cortex activity associated with symptom provocation in eating disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry. 161, 1238-1246. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1238
113. Van Den Eynde, F., Claudino, A. M., Mogg, A., Horrell, L., Stahl, D., Ribeiro, W., et al. (2010). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces cue-induced food craving in bulimic disorders. Biol. Psychiatry. 67, 793-795. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.11.023
114. Van Leijenhorst, L., Crone, E. A., and Bunge, S. A. (2006). Neural correlates of developmental differences in risk estimation and feedback processing. Neuropsycholo- gia. 44, 2158-2170. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.02.002
115. Van Leijenhorst, L., Moor, B. G., Op De Macks, Z. A., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Westen- berg, P. M., and Crone, E. A. (2010). Adolescent risky decision-making: neurocog- nitive development of reward and control regions. Neuroimage. 51, 345-355. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.038
116. Walpoth, M., Hoertnagl, C., Mangweth-Matzek, B., Kemmler, G., Hinterholzl, J., Conca, A., et al. (2008). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in bulimia nervosa: preliminary results of a single-centre, randomised, doubleblind, sham-controlled trial in female outpatients. Psychother. Psychosom. 77, 57-60. doi: 10.1159/000110061
117. Williams, B. R., Ponesse, J. S., Schachar, R. J., Logan, G. D., and Tannock, R. (1999). Development ofinhibitorycontrolacross the lifespan. Dev. Psychol. 35,205-213. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.1.205
118. Wilson, G. T., Grilo, C. M., andVitousek, K. M. (2007). Psychological treatment of eating disorders. Am. Psychol. 62, 199-216. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.62.3.199
119. Wolfe, B. E., Baker, C. W., Smith, A. T., and Kelly-Weeder, S. (2009). Validity and utility of the current definition of binge eating. Int. J. Eat. Disord. 42, 674-686. doi:10.1002/eat.20728
120. Wonderlich, S. A., and Mitchell, J. E. (1997). Eating disorders and comorbidity: empirical, conceptual, and clinical implications. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 33, 381-390
121. Wu, M., Hartmann, M., Skunde, M., Herzog, W., and Friederich, H.-C. (2013). Inhibitory control in bulimic-type eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 8:e83412. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083412