Access to the urban national park in Cape Town: Where urban and natural environment meet

Habitat International

Volumn 57, Issue , 2016, Pages 132-142

  Donaldson, Ronnie ^a   Ferreira, Sanette ^a   Didier, Sophie ^b   Rodary, Estienne ^c   Swanepoel, Janie ^a  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PARIS OUEST NANTERRE LA DÉFENSE   (France)

^c INSTITUT DE RECHERCHE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT   (France)

Author keywords

Cape Town; Exclusion; Park access; Park use; Table Mountain National Park; Urban national park

Indexed keywords

ACCESSIBILITY; METROPOLITAN AREA; NATIONAL PARK; PARK MANAGEMENT;

CAPE TOWN; SOUTH AFRICA; TABLE MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK; WESTERN CAPE;

EID: 84979697022     PISSN: 01973975     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2016.04.010     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Bedimo-Rung, A., Mowen, A.J., Cohen, D.A., The significance of parks to physical activity and public health. American Journal for Preventive Medicine 28 (2005), 159–168.
2. Beinart, W., Twentieth-century South Africa. 2001, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
3. Blake, K.S., Peaks of identity in Colorado's San Juan mountains. Journal of Cultural Geography 18:2 (1999), 29–56.
4. Butler, G., Richardson, S., Barriers to visiting South Africa's national parks in the post-apartheid era: Black South African perspectives from Soweto. Journal for Sustainable Tourism 23:1 (2015), 146–166.
5. Byrne, J., When green is White: The cultural politics of race, nature and social exclusion in a Los Angeles urban national park. Geoforum 43 (2012), 595–611.
6. Byrne, J., Wolch, J., Nature, race, and parks: Past research and future directions for geographic research. Progress in Human Geography 33 (2009), 743–765.
7. Byrne, J., Wolch, J., Zhang, J., Planning for environmental justice in an urban national park. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 52 (2009), 365–392.
8. Carruthers, J., Tracking in game trails: Looking afresh at the politics of environmental history in South Africa. Environmental History 11 (2006), 804–829.
9. Cheney, C., Table Mountain National Park visitor survey research officer. Personal communication, 6, April 2014.
10. Coles, R.W., Bussey, S.C., Urban forest landscapes in the UK – Progressing the social agenda. Landscape and Urban Planning 52 (2000), 181–188.
11. Cox, T., Cultural diversity in organizations: Theory, research and practice. 1993, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco.
12. Daitz, D., Myrdal, B., Table mountain National park. Suich, H., Child, H., Spenceley, A., (eds.) Evolution and innovation in wildlife conservation – Parks and game ranches to transfrontier conservation areas, 2009, Earthscan, London, 325–339.
13. De Wit, C.W., Field methods for investigating sense of place. The North American Geographer 5:1–2 (2003), 5–30.
14. Devine-Wright, P., Lyons, P., Remembering past and representing places: The construction of national identity in Ireland. Journal of Environmental Psychology 17 (1997), 33–45.
15. th April 2014, 2014.
16. Dixon, J., Durrheim, K., Displacing place identity: A discursive approach to locating self and other. British Journal of Social Psychology 39 (2000), 27–44.
17. Dodson, B., Dismantling dystopia: New cultural geography for a new South Africa. Fox, R., Rowntree, K., (eds.) The geography of South Africa in a changing world, 2000, Oxford University Press, Cape Town, Southern Africa, 138–157.
18. Donaldson, R., Table mountain National park visitor and user survey, december 2007 to november 2008: Report B. Study conducted for the Table mountain National parks, Cape Town., 2009.
19. Farnum, J., Hall, T., Kruger, L.E., Sense of place in natural resource recreation and tourism: An evaluation and assessment of research findings, Vol. PNW-GTR-660, 2005, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland.
20. Ferreira, S.L.A., Problems associated with tourism development in Southern Africa: The case of transfrontier conservation areas. Geo Journal 60:3 (2004), 30–310.
21. Ferreira, S.L.A., Communities and transfrontier parks in the southern African development community: The case of Limpopo National Park, Mozambique. South African Geographical Journal 88:2 (2006), 166–176.
22. Ferreira, S.L.A., Balancing people and park: Towards a symbiotic relationship between Cape Town and Table mountain National park. Current Issues in Tourism 14:3 (2011), 275–293.
23. Floyd, M., Managing national parks in a multicultural society: Searching common ground. George Wright Forum 18:3 (2001), 4–51.
24. rd ed., 2010, Society for Human Resource Management, Alexandria, VA.
25. Gilbert, J.A., Stead, B.A., Ivancevich, J.M., Diversity management: A new organizational paradigm. Journal of Business Ethics 21:1 (1999), 6–76.
26. Gobster, P.H., Managing urban parks for a racially and ethnically diverse clientele. Leisure Sciences 24:2 (2002), 143–159.
27. Goetze, T., Table mountain – South Africa's natural national mountain. Historia 47:2 (2002), 457–478.
28. Goldsmith, J., Designing for diversity. National Parks 68:5/6 (1994), 20–21.
29. Gordon, P., Personal communication. 2014 8 April 2014 at the BioviverCities conference, SANBI Headquarters, Kirstenbosch, Cape Town.
30. Gotham, K.F., Urban space, restrictive covenants and the origins of racial residential segregation in a US city, 1900-1950. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24:3 (2000), 616–633.
31. Green, L., Changing nature: Working lives on Table mountain, 1980 – 2000. Field, S., Meyer, R., Swanson, F., (eds.) Imagining the city. Memories and cultures in Cape town, 2007, HSRC Press, Pretoria, 173–190.
32. Grobler, J., Die rol en betekenis van ontspanning in Swart gemeenskappe : 'n historiese perspektief. Unpublished paper, 1987, Department of Geography, University of Pretoria.
33. Haggard, L.M., Williams, D.R., Self-identity benefits of leisure activities. Driver, B.L., Brown, P.J., Peterson, G.I., (eds.) Benefits of leisure, 1991, Venture Publishing, Pennsylvania, 10–120.
34. Harnik, P., Simms, J., Parks: How far is too far? Planning magazine. 2004 Available at: http://www.tpl.org/content_documents/cityparks_Planning_mag_article12_2004.pdf [Accessed 21 11 14].
35. Harrison, C., Burgess, J., Millward, A., Dawe, G., Accessible natural greenspace in towns and cities: A review of appropriate size and distance criteria. English Nature Research Report no. 153, 1995, English Nature, Peterborough, UK.
36. Knudsen, D.C., Greer, C.E., Heritage tourism, heritage landscapes and wilderness preservation: The case of National Park. Journal of Heritage Tourism 3:1 (2008), 18–35.
37. Krellenberg, K., Welz, J., Reyes-Päcke, S., Urban green areas and their potential for social interaction: A case study of a socio-economically mixed neighbourhood in Santiago de Chile. Habitat International 44 (2014), 11–21.
38. Lloyd, K.M., Auld, C.J., The role of leisure in determining quality of life: Issues of content and measurement. Social Indicators Research 57 (2002), 43–71.
39. Low, S., Taplin, D., Scheld, S., Rethinking urban parks: Public space and cultural diversity. 2005, University of Texas Press, Austin.
40. Magi, L.M., Nzama, T.A., Perspectives on recreation and tourism geographies in South Africa. South African Geographical Journal 84:1 (2002), 67–76.
41. Mazibuko, S., Leakages and costs of eco-tourism: The case of AmaZizi in the northern Drakensberg. Africa Insight 37:1 (2007), 150–168.
42. McDonald, D., Ideology and urban ecology in the new South Africa. Background research series. Municipal services project. 1998 Available at: http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/26060/1/118705.pdf [Accessed 14 07 15].
43. McDonald, D., (eds.) Environmental justice in South Africa, 2004, Ohio University Press/Cape Town University Press, Athens/Cape Town.
44. McIntyre, N., Williams, D.R., McHugh, K., Multiple dwelling and tourism: Negotiating place, home and identity. 2006, CABI, Oxford.
45. McKay, R.B., Segregation and public recreation. Virginia Law Review 40:6 (1954), 697–731.
46. Mgxashe, P., Media release: TMNP celebrates 10th birthday, highlights, key milestones and shares vision for the future. 2008 Available At http://www.sanparks.org/parks/table_mountain/about/ten_years.php [Accessed 14 01 2015].
47. Moore, D.S., Pandian, A., Kosek, J., Introduction: The cultural politics of race and nature: Terrains of power and practice. Moore, D.S., Kosek, J., Pandian, A., (eds.) Race, nature and the politics of difference, 2003, Duke University Press, Durham, 1–69.
48. Mountain Club, The mountain Club annual. 1985, 14.
49. Myrdal, B., TMNP celebrates 10 years: The vision for the future – A park for all forever. ParkNEWS. Table mountain National park. Third quarter 2008. 2008 Available at: from http://www.sanparks.org/parks/table_mountain/ …/2008/ParkNews_3rd_quarter.pdf [Accessed 20 01 15].
50. Neuvonen, M., Pota, E., Puustinen, J., Sievänen, T., Visits to national parks: Effects of park characteristics and spatial demand. Journal for Nature Conservation 18 (2010), 224–229.
51. Nickel, J.W., The liberty dimension of historic and contemporary segregation. Law and Philosophy 16 (1997), 259–277.
52. Okely, J., Own or other culture. 2005, Routledge, London.
53. Palmer, C., Christianity, Englishness and the southern English countryside: A study of the work of H.J Massingham. Social & Cultural Geography 3:1 (2002), 25–38.
54. Pellow, D.N., Environmental inequality formation: Toward a theory of environmental in-justice. American Behavioural Scientist 43:4 (2000), 581–602.
55. Perkins, H.A., Gramsci in green: Neoliberal hegemony through urban forestry and the potential for a political ecology of praxis. Geoforum 42:5 (2011), 558–566.
56. Peschardt, K.K., Stigsdotter, U.K., Associations between park characteristics and perceived restorativeness of small public urban green spaces. Landscape and Urban Planning 112 (2013), 26–39.
57. Peters, K., Elands, B., Buijs, A., Social interactions in urban parks: Stimulating social cohesion?. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 9 (2010), 93–100.
58. Pincetl, S., Gearin, E., The reinvention of public green space. Urban Geography 26:5 (2005), 365–384.
59. Power, G., Apartheid Baltimore style: The residential segregation ordinances of 1910-1913. Maryland Law Review 42 (1983), 289–330.
60. Ramutsindela, M.F., Parks and people in postcolonial societies: Experiences in Southern Africa. 2005, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
61. Rebelo, A.G., Holmes, P.M., Dorse, C., Wood, J., Impacts of urbanization in a biodiversity hotspot: Conservation challenges in metropolitan Cape Town. South African Journal of Botany 77 (2011), 20–35.
62. Saarinen, J., “Destinations in change”: The transformation process of tourist destinations. Tourist Studies 4:2 (2004), 161–179.
63. Saayman, M., Saayman, A., Ferreira, M., The socio-economic impact of the Karoo National park. Koedoe 51:1 (2009), 158–168.
64. SANParks, Table mountain National park management plan. 2006, SANParks, Pretoria.
65. SANParks, SANParks annual report 2013/2014., 2013/2014 Available at: www.sanparks.co.za/assets/docs/general/annual-report-2014.pdf [Accessed 4 02 15].
66. Schipperijna, J., Ekholm, O., Stigsdotter, U.K., Toftager, M., Bentsen, P., Kamper-Jørgensen, F., et al. Factors influencing the use of green space: Results from a Danish national representative survey. Landscape and Urban Planning 95 (2010), 130–137.
67. Schlosberg, D., Defining environmental justice: Theories, movements and nature. 2009, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
68. Spenceley, A., Nature-based tourism and environmental sustainability in South Africa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 13:2 (2005), 136–170.
69. Swanepoel, J., Custodians of the Cape Peninsula: A historical and contemporary ethnography of urban conservation in Cape Town. Master thesis in Anthropology, 2013, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch.
70. Swemmer, L., Grant, R., Annecke, W., Freitag-Ronaldson, S., Toward more effective benefit sharing in South African National Parks. Society and Natural Resources 28 (2015), 4–20.
71. Takano, T., Nakamura, K., Watanabe, W., Urban residential environments and senior citizens' longevity in megacity areas: The importance of walkable green spaces. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 56 (2002), 913–918.
72. Taylor, D.E., The environment and the people in American Cities, 1600s-1900s: Disorder, inequality, and social change. 2009, Duke University Press, Durham.
73. Toftager, M., Ekholm, O., Schipperijn, J., Stigsdotter, U., Bentsen, P., Grønbæk, M.M., et al. Distance to green space and physical activity: A Danish national representative survey. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 8 (2011), 741–749.
74. Tuan, Y.F., Rootedness versus sense of place. Landscape 24 (1980), 3–8.
75. UNESCO, State of conservation of the Cape Floral Kingdom protected areas. 2006 Available At http://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/1088 [Accessed 14 02 15].
76. Van Herzele, A., Wiedemann, T., A monitoring tool for the provision of accessible and attractive urban green spaces. Landscape and Urban Planning 63 (2003), 109–126.
77. Van Sittert, L., The bourgeois eye aloft: Table Mountain in the Anglo urban middle class imagination, c.1891-1952. Kronos 29 (2003), 161–190.
78. Western, J., Outcast Cape Town. 1981, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
79. Willemse, L., Donaldson, R., Community neighbourhood park use in Cape Town's townships. Urban Forum 23 (2012), 221–231.
80. Williams, D.R., Paterson, M.E., Place, leisure, and well-being. Eyles, J., Williams, A., (eds.) Sense of place, health and quality of life, 2008, Ashgate, Aldershot, 105–119.
81. Zube, E.H., Busch, M.L., Park-people relationships: An international review. Landscape and Urban Planning 19 (1990), 117–131.