Compartmentalization, resource allocation, and wood quality

Current Forestry Reports

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 8-15

  Smith, Kevin T ^a  

^a U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE   (United States)

Author keywords

Fire damage; Growth differentiation hypothesis; Heartwood formation; Mineral stain; Secondary metabolism; Vascular wilt disease; Wood discoloration

Indexed keywords

EID: 84977754963     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21986436     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40725-014-0002-4     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Palacio S, Hoch G, Sala A, Körner C, Millard P. Does carbon storage limit tree growth? New Phytol. 2014;201:1096–100.
2. Stamp N. Out of the quagmire of plant defense hypotheses. Q Rev Biol. 2003;78:23–55.
3. Matyssek R, Koricheva J, Schnyder H, Ernst D, Munch JC, Oßwald W, et al. The balance between resource sequestration and retention: a challenge in plant science. In: Matyssek R, Schnyder H, Ernst D, Munch JC, Oßwald W, Pretzsch H, editors. Growth and defence in plants. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 3–24.
4. Herms DA, Mattson WJ. The dilemma of plants: to grow or defend. Q Rev Biol. 1992;67:283–35.
5. Lachenbruch B, McCulloh KA. Traits, properties, and performance: how woody plants combine hydraulic andmechanical functions in a cell, tissue, or whole plant. New Phytol. 2014; pp. 747–764.
6. Weng J-K. The evolutionary paths towards complexity: a metabolic perspective. New Phytol. 2014;201:1141–9.
7. Weng J-K, Chapple C. The origin and evolution of lignin biosynthesis. New Phytol. 2010;187:273–85.
8. Martone PT, Estevez JM, Lu F, Ruel K, Denny MW, Somerville C, et al. Discovery of lignin in seaweed reveals convergent evolution of cell-wall architecture. Curr Biol. 2009;19:169–75.
9. Onofrejová L, Vašíčková J, Klejdus B, Stratil P, Mišurcová L, Kráčmar S, et al. Bioactive phenols in algae: the application of pressurized-liquid and solid-phase extraction techniques. J Pharmacol Biomed Anal. 2010;51:464–70.
10. Sørensen I, Pettlino FA, Bacic A, Ralph J, Lu F, O’Niell MA, et al. The charophycean green algae provide insights into the early origins of plant cell walls. Plant J. 2011;68:201–11.
11. Bollhöner B, Prestele J, Tuominem H. Xylem cell death: emerging understanding of regulation and function. J Exp Bot. 2012;63: 1081–94.
12. Fromm J. Xylem development in trees: from cambial divisions to mature wood cells. In: Fromm J, editor. Cellular Aspects of Wood Formation. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 3–39.
13. Spicer R, Groover A. Evolution of development of vascular cambia and secondary growth. New Phytol. 2010;186:577–92.
14. Groover A, Cronk Q. From Nehemiah Grew to genomics: the emerging field of evo-devo research for woody plants. Int J Plant Sci. 2013;174:959–63.
15. Spicer R. Symplasmic networks in secondary vascular tissues: Parenchyma distribution and activity supporting long-distance transport. J Exp Bot. 2014;65:1829–48.
16. Wiedenhoeft AC. Structure and function of wood-Chapter 3 of theWood Handbook-Wood as an EngineeringMaterial. Ross RR, editor. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL-GTR-190; 2010. p. 1–18.
17. Conde E, Fang W, Hemming J, Willför S, Domínguez H, Parajó JC. Recovery of bioactive compounds from Pinus pinaster wood by consecutive extraction stages. Wood Sci Technol. 2014;48:311–23.
18. Kampe A, Magel E. New insights into heartwood and heartwood formation. In: Fromm J, editor. Cellular Aspects of Wood Formation. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 71–98.
19. Shigo AL, Hillis WE. Heartwood, discolored wood, and microorganisms in living trees. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 1973;11:197–222.
20. Cheynier V, Comte G, Davies KM, Lattanzio V, Martens S. Plant phenolics: recent advances on their biosynthesis, genetics, and ecophysiology. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2013;72:1–20.
21. Antilla A-K, Pirttilä AM, Häggman HM, Harju A, Venäläainen M, Haapala A, et al. Condensed conifer tannins as antifungal agents in liquid culture. Holzforschung. 2013;67:825–32.
22. Barbehenn RV, Constabel CP. Tannins in plant-herbivore interactions. Phytochemistry. 2011;72:1551–65.
23. Rodriques KCS, Lima JC, Fett-Neto AG. Oleoresins from pine: Production and industrial uses. In: Ramawat KG, Mérillon JM, editors. Natural Products. Springer-Verlag; 2013. p. 4037–4060.
24. Tholl D. Terpene synthases and the regulation, diversity and biological roles of terpene metabolism. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006;9: 297–304.
25. Kolosova N, Bohlmann J. Conifer defense against insects and fungal pathogens. In: Matyssek R, Schnyder H, Ernst D, Munch JC, Oßwald W, Pretzsch H, editors. Growth and defence in plants. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 85–109. This insightful chapter presents an integrated view of both constitutive and induced anatomical defenses for the broad range of fungi and insects that attack conifers.
26. Küster E. Pathological Plant Anatomy, Dorrance, F., Transl., G. Fischer, 1913.
27. Büsgen M, Münch E. The Structure and Life of Forest Trees, Thomson, T., Transl., Chapman & Hall, 1929.
28. Hepting GH. Decay following fire in young Mississippi delta hardwoods. USDATech Bull no. 494, 1935, 32 pp.
29. Shigo AL. Compartmentalization: a conceptual framework for understanding how trees grow and defend themselves. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 1984;22:189–214.
30. Byers BA, Ash SR, Chaney D, DeSoto L. First known fire scar on a fossil tree trunk provides evidence of late Triassic wildfire. Paleogeogr Paleoclim Paleoecol. 2014;411:180–7.
31. Oliva J, Stenlid J, Martinez-Vilalta J. The effect of fungal pathogens on the water and carbon economy of trees: implications for droughtinduced mortality. New Phytol. 2014;203:1028–35. This research review presents an innovative means to predict the effects of drought on disease severity and tree mortality through the trophic habit of pathogenic fungi.
32. Manion PD. Evolution of concepts in forest pathology. Phytopathological. 2003;93:1052–5.
33. Shortle WC, Dudzik KR. Wood decay in living and dead trees: a pictorial overview. USDA For Serv Gen Tech Rep NRS-97, 2012. 26 pp. This well-illustrated treatment summarizes the compartmentalization process and builds upon the pioneering research in this strategy for tree survival.
34. Schwarze, F.W.M.R., Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Development of Wood Decay in Urban Trees, ENSPEC. 2008, 336 pp.
35. Deflorio G, Franz E, Beadle C, Mohammed C. Defence responses in plantation-grown Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens after artificial fungal inoculation. For Pathol. 2011;41:398–406.
36. Deflorio G, Franz E, Fink S, Schwarze FWMR. Host responses in the xylem of trees after inoculation with six wood-decay fungi differing in invasiveness. Botany. 2009;87:26–35.
37. Dujesiefken D, Liese W. The CODIT-Principle-New results about wound reactions of trees. Arborist News. 2011;20:28–30.
38. Vek V, Oven P, Humar M. Phenolic extractives of woundassociated wood of beech and their fungicidal effect. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad. 2013;77:91–7.
39. Oven P, Torelli N. Response of the cambial zone in conifers to wounding. Phyton. 1999;39:133–7.
40. Kiser J. Histochemical and geometric alterations of sapwood in coastal Douglas-fir following mechanical damage during commercial thinning. Silvae Fenn. 2011;45:729–41.
41. Nagy NE, Ballance S, Kvaalen H, Fossdal CG, Solheim H, Hietala AM. Xylem defense wood of Norway spruce compromised by the pathogenic white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum shows a prolonged period of selective decay. Planta. 2012;236:1125–33.
42. Shortle WC, Smith KT, Dudzik KR. Tree survival 15 years after the ice storm of January 1998. USDA For Serv Res Pap NRS-25, 2014, 4 pp.
43. Fink S. Pathological and regenerative plant anatomy. Gebruder Borntraeger. 1999, 1095 p.
44. Arbellay E, Stoffel M, Sutherland EK, Smith KT, Falk DA. Changes in tracheid and ray traits in fire scars of North American conifers and their ecophysiological implications. Ann Bot. 2014;114:223–32.
45. Arbellay E, Stoffel M, Sutherland EK, Smith KT, Falk DA. Resin duct size and density as ecophysiological traits in fire scars of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Larix occidentalis. Ann Bot. 2014;114:973–80.
46. Parfitt D, Hunt J, Dockrell D, Rogers HJ, Boddy L. Do all trees carry the seeds of their own destruction? PCR reveals numerous wood decay fungi latently present in sapwood of a wide range of angiosperm trees. Fungal Ecol. 2010;3:338–46.
47. Shortle WC, Dudzik KR, Smith KT. Development of wood decay in wound-initiated discolored wood of eastern red cedar. Hozforschung. 2010;64:529–36.
48. Havreljuk F, Achim A, Pothier D. Regional variation in the proportion of red heartwood in sugar maple and yellow birch. Can J For Res. 2013;43:278–87.
49. Johansson T, Hjelm B. Frequency of false heartwood of stems of poplar growing on farmland in Sweden. Forests. 2013;4:28–42.
50. Yanai RD, Germain RH, Anderson NM, Coates TA, Mishler AK. Heart size of sugar maple sawlogs across six northern states. J For. 2009;107:95–100.
51. Baral SK, Schneider R, Pothier D, Berninger F. Predicting sugar maple (Acer saccharum) discoloured wood characteristics. Can J For Res. 2013;43:649–57.
52. Park J-H, Juzwik J, Cavender-Bares J. Multiple Ceratocystis smalleyi infections associated with reduced stem water transport in bitternut hickory. Phytopathology. 2013;103:565–74. This research paper presents a precise histological view of the pathology caused by a canker fungus that also causes a vascular wilt. Although this disease is not widely known now, it is likely to be regarded as a significant factor in hickory mortality in the future.
53. Park J-H, Juzwik J. Ceratocystis smalleyi colonization of bitternut hickory and host responses in the xylem. For Pathol. 2014;44:282–92.
54. Smith KT, Glaeser JA. Skeleton decay in eastern red cedar. Arborist News. 2013;22:32–4.
55. Margolis EQ, Swetnam TW. Historical fire-climate relationships of upper elevation fire regimes in the south-western United States. Int J Wildl Fire. 2013;22:588–98.
56. Marschall JM, Guyette RP, Stambaugh MC, Stevenson AP. Fire damage effects on red oak timber product value. For Ecol Manage. 2014;320:182–9.