Mediational Role of Age of Onset in Gambling Disorder, a Path Modeling Analysis

Journal of Gambling Studies

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 327-340

  Jiménez Murcia, Susana ^a,b,c   Granero, Roser ^b,d   Tárrega, Salomé ^d   Angulo, Ariadna ^d   Fernández Aranda, Fernando ^a,b,c   Arcelus, Jon ^e   Fagundo, Ana B ^a,b   Aymamí, Neus ^a   Moragas, Laura ^a   Sauvaget, Anne ^f   Grall Bronnec, Marie ^f   Gómez Peña, Mónica ^a   Menchón, José M ^a,c,g  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARI DE BELLVITGE   (Spain)

^b Instituto de Salud Carlos III   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^e GLENFIELD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^f NANTES UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (France)

^g CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED DE SALUD MENTAL CIBERSAM   (Spain)

Author keywords

Age of onset; Gambling disorder; Mediational variables; Pathways; Personality traits; SEM

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIOR; CHECKLIST; DISEASE SIMULATION; GAMBLING; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ONSET AGE; OUTPATIENT; SELF TRANSCENDENCE; STATISTICAL MODEL; SYMPTOM; SYMPTOM CHECKLIST 90; TEMPERAMENT; ADDICTION; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; MIDDLE AGED; PARASITOLOGY; PERSONALITY; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEX DIFFERENCE; THEORETICAL MODEL; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGE OF ONSET; BEHAVIOR, ADDICTIVE; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; GAMBLING; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PERSONALITY; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; SEX FACTORS; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES; TEMPERAMENT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84974814418     PISSN: 10505350     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10899-015-9537-y     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Álvarez-Moya, E. M., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Aymamí, M. N., Gómez-Peña, M., Granero, R., Santamaría, J., et al. (2010). Subtyping study of a pathological gamblers sample. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry/La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 55(8), 498–506.
2. Alvarez-Moya, E. M., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Granero, R., Vallejo, J., Krug, I., Bulik, C. M., & Fernández-Aranda, F. (2007). Comparison of personality risk factors in bulimia nervosa and pathological gambling. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48(5), 452–457. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.03.008.
3. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, Londres: American Psychiatric Association.
4. Bentler, P. M., & Raykov, T. (2000). On measures of explained variance in nonrecursive structural equation models. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(1), 125–131. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.1.125.
5. Blanco, C., Hasin, D. S., Petry, N., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2006). Sex differences in subclinical and DSM-IV pathological gambling: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Psychological Medicine, 36(7), 943–953. doi:10.1017/S0033291706007410.
6. Blaszczynski, A., & Nower, L. (2002). A pathways model of problem and pathological gambling. Addiction, 97(5), 487–499.
7. Blinn-Pike, L., Worthy, S. L., & Jonkman, J. N. (2010). Adolescent gambling: a review of an emerging field of research. The Journal of adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 47(3), 223–236. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.05.003.
8. Bondolfi, G., Osiek, C., & Ferrero, F. (2000). Prevalence estimates of pathological gambling in Switzerland. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 101(6), 473–475.
9. Breen, R. B., & Zuckerman, M. (1999). “Chasing” in gambling behavior: Personality and cognitive determinants. Personality and Individual Differences, 27(6), 1097–1111. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00052-5.
10. Burge, A. N., Pietrzak, R. H., Molina, C. A., & Petry, N. M. (2004). Age of gambling initiation and severity of gambling and health problems among older adult problem gamblers. Psychiatric Services, 55(12), 1437–1439. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.55.12.1437.
11. Burge, A. N., Pietrzak, R. H., & Petry, N. M. (2006). Pre/early adolescent onset of gambling and psychosocial problems in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 22(3), 263–274. doi:10.1007/s10899-006-9015-7.
12. Carneiro, E., Tavares, H., Sanches, M., Pinsky, I., Caetano, R., Zaleski, M., & Laranjeira, R. (2014). Gambling onset and progression in a sample of at-risk gamblers from the general population. Psychiatry Research, 216(3), 404–411. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.035.
13. Castrén, S., Basnet, S., Salonen, A. H., Pankakoski, M., Ronkainen, J.-E., Alho, H., & Lahti, T. (2013). Factors associated with disordered gambling in Finland. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 8(1), 24. doi:10.1186/1747-597X-8-24.
14. Chambers, R. A., & Potenza, M. N. (2003). Neurodevelopment, impulsivity, and adolescent gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 19(1), 53–84.
15. Chiu, J., & Storm, L. (2010). Personality, perceived luck and gambling attitudes as predictors of gambling involvement. Journal of Gambling Studies, 26(2), 205–227. doi:10.1007/s10899-009-9160-x.
16. Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., Bayon, C., & Przybeck, T. R. (1999). Measurement of psychopathology as variants of personality. In C. R. Cloninger (Ed.), Personality and psychopathology (pp. 33–65). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
17. Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(12), 975–990.
18. Cunningham-Williams, R. M., & Hong, S. I. (2007). A Latent Class Analysis (LCA) of problem gambling among a sample of community-recruited gamblers. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 195(11), 939–947. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e31815947e1.
19. Derogatis, L. R. (1997). SCL-90-R. Cuestionario de 90 síntomas. Madrid: TEA.
20. Echeburúa, E., Báez, C., Fernández, J., & Páez, D. (1994). Cuestionario de juego patológico de South Oaks (SOGS): Validación española (South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): Spanish validation). Análisis de Modificación de Conducta, 20, 769–791.
21. el-Guebaly, N., Patten, S. B., Currie, S., Williams, J. V. A., Beck, C. A., Maxwell, C. J., & Wang, J. L. (2006). Epidemiological associations between gambling behavior, substance use & mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Gambling Studies, 22(3), 275–287. doi:10.1007/s10899-006-9016-6.
22. Fattore, L., Melis, M., Fadda, P., & Fratta, W. (2014). Sex differences in addictive disorders. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.04.003.
23. Forbush, K. T., Shaw, M., Graeber, M. A., Hovick, L., Meyer, V. J., Moser, D. J., et al. (2008). Neuropsychological characteristics and personality traits in pathological gambling. CNS Spectrums, 13(4), 306–315.
24. Gainsbury, S. M., Russell, A., Hing, N., Wood, R., Lubman, D., & Blaszczynski, A. (2013). How the Internet is changing gambling: Findings from an Australian Prevalence Survey. Journal of Gambling Studies. doi:10.1007/s10899-013-9404-7.
25. Goudriaan, A. E., Slutske, W. S., Krull, J. L., & Sher, K. J. (2009). Longitudinal patterns of gambling activities and associated risk factors in college students. Addiction, 104(7), 1219–1232. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02573.x.
26. Granero, R., Penelo, E., Martínez-Giménez, R., Alvarez-Moya, E., Gómez-Peña, M., Aymamí, M. N., et al. (2009). Sex differences among treatment-seeking adult pathologic gamblers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 50(2), 173–180. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.07.005.
27. Granero, R., Penelo, E., Stinchfield, R., Fernández-Aranda, F., Aymamí, N., Gómez-Peña, M., et al. (2014a). Contribution of illegal acts to pathological gambling diagnosis: DSM-5 implications. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 33(1), 41–52. doi:10.1080/10550887.2014.882730.
28. Granero, R., Penelo, E., Stinchfield, R., Fernandez-Aranda, F., Savvidou, L. G., Fröberg, F., et al. (2014b). Is pathological gambling moderated by age? Journal of Gambling Studies, 30(2), 475–492. doi:10.1007/s10899-013-9369-6.
29. Grant, J. E., & Kim, S. W. (2002). Gender differences in pathological gamblers seeking medication treatment. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 43(1), 56–62. doi:10.1053/comp.2002.29857.
30. Grant, J. E., Kim, S. W., Odlaug, B. L., Buchanan, S. N., & Potenza, M. N. (2009). Late-onset pathological gambling: clinical correlates and gender differences. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(4), 380–387. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.04.005.
31. Gupta, R., Nower, L., Derevensky, J. L., Blaszczynski, A., Faregh, N., & Temcheff, C. (2013). Problem gambling in adolescents: an examination of the pathways model. Journal of Gambling Studies, 29(3), 575–588. doi:10.1007/s10899-012-9322-0.
32. Gutiérrez-Zotes, J. A., Bayón, C., Montserrat, C., Valero, J., Labad, A., Cloninger, C. R., & Fernández-Aranda, F. (2004). Temperament and Character Inventory Revised (TCI-R). Standardization and normative data in a general population sample. Actas españolas de psiquiatría, 32(1), 8–15.
33. Ibáñez, A., Blanco, C., Donahue, E., Lesieur, H. R., Pérez de Castro, I., Fernández-Piqueras, J., & Sáiz-Ruiz, J. (2001). Psychiatric comorbidity in pathological gamblers seeking treatment. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(10), 1733–1735.
34. Janiri, L., Martinotti, G., Dario, T., Schifano, F., & Bria, P. (2007). The gamblers’ temperament and character inventory (TCI) personality profile. Substance Use and Misuse, 42(6), 975–984. doi:10.1080/10826080701202445.
35. Jiménez-Murcia, S., Alvarez-Moya, E. M., Stinchfield, R., Fernández-Aranda, F., Granero, R., Aymamí, N., et al. (2010). Age of onset in pathological gambling: clinical, therapeutic and personality correlates. Journal of Gambling Studies, 26(2), 235–248. doi:10.1007/s10899-009-9175-3.
36. Jiménez-Murcia, S., Aymamí-Sanromà, M. N., Gómez-Peña, M., Álvarez-Moya, E. M., & Vallejo, J. (2006). Protocols de tractament cognitivoconductual pel joc patològic i d’altres addiccions no tóxiques. [Guidelines of cognitive-behavioural treatment of pathological gambling and other non-toxic addictions]. Barcelona: Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya.
37. Jiménez-Murcia, S., Fernández-Aranda, F., Kalapanidas, E., Konstantas, D., Ganchev, T., Kocsis, O., et al. (2009a). Playmancer project: a serious videogame as an additional therapy tool for eating and impulse control disorders. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 144, 163–166.
38. Jiménez-Murcia, S., Granero, R., Stinchfield, R., Fernández-Aranda, F., Penelo, E., Savvidou, L. G., et al. (2013). Typologies of young pathological gamblers based on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(8), 1153–1160. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.05.017.
39. Jiménez-Murcia, S., Stinchfield, R., Alvarez-Moya, E., Jaurrieta, N., Bueno, B., Granero, R., et al. (2009b). Reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a Spanish translation of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 25(1), 93–104. doi:10.1007/s10899-008-9104-x.
40. Johansson, A., Grant, J. E., Kim, S. W., Odlaug, B. L., & Götestam, K. G. (2009). Risk factors for problematic gambling: A critical literature review. Journal of Gambling Studies, 25(1), 67–92. doi:10.1007/s10899-008-9088-6.
41. Kessler, R. C., Hwang, I., LaBrie, R., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Winters, K. C., & Shaffer, H. J. (2008). DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Psychological Medicine, 38(9), 1351–1360. doi:10.1017/S0033291708002900.
42. Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford.
43. Knezevic, B., & Ledgerwood, D. M. (2012). Gambling severity, impulsivity, and psychopathology: comparison of treatment- and community-recruited pathological gamblers. The American Journal on Addictions, 21(6), 508–515. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00280.x.
44. Ladd, G. T., & Petry, N. M. (2002). Gender differences among pathological gamblers seeking treatment. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 10(3), 302–309.
45. Ledgerwood, D. M., & Petry, N. M. (2006). Psychological experience of gambling and subtypes of pathological gamblers. Psychiatry Research, 144(1), 17–27. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2005.08.017.
46. Lesieur, H. R., & Blume, S. B. (1987). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS): A new instrument for the identification of pathological gamblers. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 144(9), 1184–1188.
47. Lobo, D. S. S., Quilty, L. C., Martins, S. S., Tavares, H., Vallada, H., Kennedy, J. L., & Bagby, R. M. (2014). Addictive behaviors pathological gambling subtypes: A comparison of treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking samples from Brazil and Canada. Addictive Behaviors, 39(7), 1172–1175. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.006.
48. Lorains, F. K., Cowlishaw, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2011). Prevalence of comorbid disorders in problem and pathological gambling: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 106(3), 490–498. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03300.x.
49. Lynch, W. J., Maciejewski, P. K., & Potenza, M. N. (2004). Psychiatric correlates of gambling in adolescents and young adults grouped by age at gambling onset. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(11), 1116–1122. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1116.
50. Martínez-Azumendi, O., Fernández-Gómez, C., & Beitia-Fernández, M. (2001). Factorial variance of the SCL-90-R in a Spanish out-patient psychiatric sample. Actas españolas de psiquiatría, 29(2), 95–102.
51. Martinotti, G., Andreoli, S., Giametta, E., Poli, V., Bria, P., & Janiri, L. (2006). The dimensional assessment of personality in pathologic and social gamblers: The role of novelty seeking and self-transcendence. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 47(5), 350–356. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2005.12.005.
52. Meyer, G. (1991). Classification of gamblers from self-help groups using cluster analysis. Zeitschrift für klinische Psychologie, Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie/im Auftrag der Görres-Gesellschaft, 39(3), 261–282.
53. Moran, E. (1970). Varieties of pathological gambling. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science, 116(535), 593–597.
54. Nordin, C., & Nylander, P.-O. (2007). Temperament and character in pathological gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23(2), 113–120. doi:10.1007/s10899-006-9049-x.
55. Nower, L., Martins, S. S., Lin, K.-H., & Blanco, C. (2013). Subtypes of disordered gamblers: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 108(4), 789–798. doi:10.1111/add.12012.
56. Petry, N. M., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2005). Comorbidity of DSM-IV pathological gambling and other psychiatric disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 66(5), 564–574.
57. Potenza, M. N., Steinberg, M. A., McLaughlin, S. D., Wu, R., Rounsaville, B. J., & O’Malley, S. S. (2001). Gender-related differences in the characteristics of problem gamblers using a gambling helpline. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(9), 1500–1505.
58. Rabe-Hesketh, S., Skrondal, A., & Pickles, A. (2004). Generalized multilevel structural equation modeling. Psychometrika, 69, 167–190.
59. Raylu, N., & Oei, T. P. S. (2002). Pathological gambling. A comprehensive review. Clinical Psychology Review, 22(7), 1009–1061.
60. Rush, B. R., Bassani, D. G., Urbanoski, K. A., & Castel, S. (2008). Influence of co-occurring mental and substance use disorders on the prevalence of problem gambling in Canada. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 103(11), 1847–1856. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02338.x.
61. Shin, Y.-C., Choi, S.-W., Ha, J., Mok, J. Y., Lim, S.-W., Choi, J.-S., & Kim, D.-J. (2014). Age of pathological gambling onset: Clinical and treatment-related features. Journal of addiction medicine, 8(3), 205–210. doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000000031.
62. Shin, Y.-C., Lim, S.-W., Choi, S.-W., Kim, S. W., & Grant, J. E. (2009). Comparison of temperament and character between early- and late-onset Korean male pathological gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 25(4), 447–453. doi:10.1007/s10899-009-9125-0.
63. Steel, Z., & Blaszczynski, A. (1996). The factorial structure of pathological gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 12(1), 3–20. doi:10.1007/BF01533186.
64. Stinchfield, R. (2003). Reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(1), 180–182.
65. Sundqvist, K., & Wennberg, P. (2014). Risk gambling and personality: Results from a representative Swedish sample. Journal of Gambling Studies,. doi:10.1007/s10899-014-9473-2.
66. Vitaro, F., Wanner, B., Ladouceur, R., Brendgen, M., & Tremblay, R. E. (2004). Trajectories of gambling during adolescence. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(1), 47–69. doi:10.1023/B:JOGS.0000016703.84727.d3.
67. Volberg, R. A., Gupta, R., Griffiths, M. D., Olason, D. T., & Delfabbro, P. (2010). An international perspective on youth gambling prevalence studies. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 22(1), 3–38.
68. Welte, J. W., Barnes, G. M., Tidwell, M.-C. O., & Hoffman, J. H. (2009). Association between problem gambling and conduct disorder in a national survey of adolescents and young adults in the United States. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 45(4), 396–401. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.02.002.
69. Winters, K. C., Stinchfield, R. D., Botzet, A., & Anderson, N. (2002). A prospective study of youth gambling behaviors. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 16(1), 3–9.