Structural drivers and social protection: Mechanisms of HIV risk and HIV prevention for South African adolescents

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2016, Pages

  Cluver, Lucie Dale ^a,b   Orkin, Frederick Mark ^c   Meinck, Franziska ^a   Boyes, Mark Edward ^d   Sherr, Lorraine ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

^d CURTIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^e ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Abuse; Adolescents; Education; Poverty; Prevention; Social protection

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PREVALENCE; INFECTION RISK; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOSOCIAL DISORDER; SOCIAL ISOLATION; SOUTH AFRICAN; UNPROTECTED SEX; CHILD; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; HIV INFECTIONS; PUBLIC POLICY; SOUTH AFRICA;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MALE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PUBLIC POLICY; RISK-TAKING; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 84973499905     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17582652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7448/IAS.19.1.20646     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. African Union. Expert Consultation Meeting on Children and Social Protection in Africa: Building an African social protection agenda for children. Cape Town: African Union; 2014.
2. UNICEF. UNICEF social protection strategic framework. New York: UNICEF; 2012.
3. UNAIDS. HIV and social protection guidance note. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2014.
4. PEFPAR. Preventing HIV in adolescent girls and young women: guidance for PEPFAR country teams on the DREAMS Partnership. Washington, DC: PEPFAR; 2015.
5. Seeley J. Addressing the structural drivers of HIV: a luxury or necessity for programmes? J Int AIDS Soc. 2012;15(Suppl 1):14.
6. Jewkes R, Dunkle K, Nduna M, Levin J, Jama N, Khuzwayo N, et al. Factors associated with HIV sero-status in young rural South African women: connections between intimate partner violence and HIV. Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35(6):14618.
7. Operario D, Pettifor A, Cluver LD, MacPhail C, Rees H. Prevalence of parental death among young people in South Africa and risk for HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;44:938.
8. Dinkelman T, Lam D, Leibbrandt M. Linking poverty and income shocks to risky sexual behaviour: evidence from a panel study of young adults in Cape Town. S Afr J Econ. 2008;76:S5274.
9. Shisana O, Rehle T, Simbayi LC, Parker W, Zuma K, Bhana A, et al. South African National HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, behaviour and communication survey 2005. Pretoria: HSRC press;2005.
10. Baird SJ, Garfein RS, McIntosh GT, Özler B. Effect of a cash transfer programme for schooling on prevalence of HIV and herpes simplex type 2 in Malawi: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9823):13209.
11. Cluver LD, Boyes M, Orkin M, Pantelic M, Molwena T, Sherr L. Childfocused state cash transfers and adolescent risk of HIV infection in South Africa: a propensity-score-matched case-control study. Lancet Glob Health. 2013;1:e36270.
12. Miller E, Samson M. HIV-sensitive social protection: state of the evidence 2012 in sub-Saharan Africa. Cape Town: UNICEF and the Economic Policy Research Unit; 2012.
13. Handa S, Halpern CT, Pettifor A, Thirumurthy H. The government of Kenya's cash transfer program reduces the risk of sexual debut among young people age 1525. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85473.
14. Department of Social Development, SASSA, UNICEF. The South African child support grant impact assessment: evidence from a survey of children, adolescents and their households. Pretoria: UNICEF South Africa; 2012.
15. Richter L, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Van Heerden A, Stein A, Tomlinson M, Harwood JM, et al. Pregnant women living with HIV (WLH) supported at clinics by peer WLH: a cluster randomized controlled trial. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(4):70615.
16. Tomlinson M, Doherty T, Ijumba P, Jackson D, Lawn J, Persson LA, et al. Goodstart: a cluster randomised effectiveness trial of an integrated, communitybased package for maternal and newborn care, with prevention of mother-tochild transmission of HIV in a South African township. Trop Med Int Health. 2014;19(3):25666.
17. Cluver LD, Orkin M, Boyes ME, Sherr L. Cash plus care: social protection cumulatively mitigates HIV-risk behaviour among adolescents in South Africa. AIDS. 2014;28(Suppl 3):S38997.
18. Rutter M. Psychosocial influences: critiques, findings and research needs. Dev Psychopathol. 2000;12:375405.
19. Kuo C, Atujuna M, Mathews C, Stein DJ, Hoare J, Beardslee W, et al. Developing family interventions for adolescent HIV prevention in South Africa. AIDS Care. 2016;28(Suppl 1):10610.
20. Heise L, Lutz B, Ranganathan M, Watts C. Cash transfers for HIV prevention: considering their potential. J Int AIDS Soc. 2013;16(1):18615. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.16.1.18615
21. Pettifor AE, Rees HV, Kleinschmidt I, Steffenson AE, MacPhail C, Hlongwa-Madikizelam L, et al. Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviors from a nationally representative household survey. AIDS. 2003;19(14):152534.
22. Department of Health and Medical Research Council. Demographic and Health Survey 2003. Pretoria: Department of Health; 2007.
23. Lopman BA, Barnabas RV, Boerma JT, Chawira G, Gaitskell K, Harrop T, et al. Creating and validating an algorithm to measure AIDS mortality in the adult population using verbal autopsy. PLoS Med. 2006;3(8):127381.
24. Kahn K, Tollman SM, Garenne M, Gear JSS. Validation and application of verbal autopsies in a rural area of South Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2000;5:82431.
25. Reynolds C, Paget K. National normative and reliability data for the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. School Psychol Rev. 1983;12(3):32436.
26. Achenbach TM. Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profiles. Burlington: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont; 1991.
27. Weisz JR, Sigman M, Weiss B, Mosk J. Parent reports of behavioral and emotional problems among children in Kenya, Thailand, and the United States. Child Dev. 1993;64:98109.
28. Snider L, Dawes A. Psychosocial vulnerability and resilience measures for National-level monitoring of Orphans and other vulnerable children: recommendations for revision of the UNICEF psychological indicator. Cape Town: UNICEF; 2006.
29. Kovacs M. Children's depression inventory. Niagara Falls, NY: Multi-health Systems; 1992.
30. Boyes M, Cluver L. Performance of the revised children's Manifest Anxiety Scale in a sample of children and adolescents from poor urban communities in Cape Town. Eur J Psychol Assess. 2012;29:11320. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1027/1015-5759/a000134
31. Sheehan D, Shytle D, Milo K. MINI KID: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents. English Version 4.0. Paris: University of South Florida, Tampa and Hopital de la Salpetriere; 2004.
32. Twisk J. Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology: a practical guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2003.
33. National Department of Social Development, South African Social Security Agency, UNICEF. The South African Child Support Grant Impact Assessment: evidence from a survey of children, adolescents and their households. Pretoria: UNICEF South Africa; 2012.
34. Elgar F, Waschbusch D, Dadds M, Sigvaldason N. Development and validation of a short form of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire. J Child Fam Stud. 2007;16(2):24359.
35. Cluver LD, Lachman JL, Ward CL, Gardner F, Peterson T, Hutchings JM, et al. Developing a parenting programme to prevent child-abuse in South-Africa: pre-post pilot study. Res Social Work Prac. in press.
36. Ward CL, Mikton C, Cluver LD, Cooper P, Gardner F, Hutchings J, et al. Parenting for lifelong health: from South Africa to other low-and middleincome countries. Early Childhood Matters. 2015;122:4954.
37. Van der Merwe A, Dawes A. Prosocial and antisocial tendencies in children exposed to community violence. J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2000;12:1937.
38. Bailly D. EMBASE issues related to consent to healthcare decisions in children and adolescents. [Problemes lies au consentement chez l'enfant et l'adolescent.]. Arch Pediatr. 2010;17(Suppl 1):S715.
39. Hayes A. Introduction to mediation, moderation and conditional process analysis. New York: Guilford Press; 2012.
40. Hayes A. Beyond Baron and Kenny: statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Commun Monogr. 2009;76(4):40820.
41. Ssewamala FM, Han CK, Neilands TB, Ismayilova L, Sperber E. Effect of economic assets on sexual risk-taking intentions among orphaned adolescents in Uganda. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(3):4838.
42. Ssewamala FM, Nabunya P, Mukasa NM, Ilic V, Nattabi J, et al. Integrating a mentorship component in programming for care and support of AIDS-Orphaned and Vulnerable Children: lessons from the Suubi and Bridges Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. Glob Soc Welf. 2014;1(1):924.
43. Björkman Nyqvist M, Corno L, de Walque D, Svensson J. Using lotteries to incentivise safer sexual behavior: evidence from a randomised controlled trial on HIV prevention, in Policy research working paper 7215. Washington D.C: World Bank; 2015.
44. de Walque D, Dow WH, Nathan R, Abdul R, Abilahi F, Gong E, et al. Incentivising safe sex: a randomised trial of conditional cash transfers for HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention in rural Tanzania. BMJ Open. 2012;2:e000747.
45. Pettifor A. Effects of cash transfer and community mobilization for prevention of HIV in young South African women. HPTN 068. Washington D.C: ClinicalTrials.gov; 2013.
46. Abdool Karim Q. Impact of conditional cash incentives on HSV-2 and HIV prevention in rural high school students in South Africa: the CAPRISA 007 cluster randomized controlled trial in International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment & Prevention. Vancouver; 2015.
47. Robertson L, Mushati P, Eaton JW, Dumba L, Mavise G, Makoni J, et al. Effects of unconditional and conditional cash transfers on child health and development in Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2013;381(9874): 128392.
48. Pettifor A, MacPhail C, Selin A, Gomez-Olive X, Hughes J, Wagner R, et al. HPTN 068 conditional cash transfer to prevent HIV infection among young women in South Africa: results of a randomized controlled trial in International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment & Prevention. Vancouver, 2015.
49. Woolf-King SE, Steinmaus CM, Reingold AL, Hahn JA. An update on alcohol use and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: meta-analysis and future research directions. Int J Alcohol Drug Res. 2013;2(1):99110.