Marine habitats and biodiversity of Singapore's coastal waters: A review

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Volumn 8, Issue , 2016, Pages 340-352

  Tan, Koh Siang ^a   Acerbi, Enzo ^b   Lauro, Federico M ^b,c,d  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^b NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^c NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Artificial structures; Natural shores; Southeast Asia; Tropics

Indexed keywords

EID: 84973115858     PISSN: None     EISSN: 23524855     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2016.01.008     Document Type: Article

References (183)

1. Ballantyne, L.A., Menayah, R., A description of larvae and redescription of adults of the firefly Pteroptyx valida Olivier in Selangor, Malaysia (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae), with notes on Luciolinae larvae. Raff. Bull. Zool. 50 (2002), 101–109.
2. Bauman, A.G., Guest, J.R., Dunshea, G., Low, J., Todd, P.A., Steinberg, P.A., Coral settlement on a highly disturbed equatorial reef system. PLoS One, 10(5), 2015, e0127874, 10.1371/journal.pone.0127874.
3. Benayahu, Y., Chou, L.M., On some Octocorallina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Alcyonacea) from Singapore, with a description of a new Cladiella species. Raff. Bull. Zool. 58 (2010), 1–13.
4. Berry, A.J., Faunal zonation in mangrove swamps. Bulletin of the National Museum Singapore, Vol. 32, 1963, 90–98.
5. Bird, M., Chua, S., Fifield, L.K., Teh, T.S., Lai, J., Evolution of the Sungei Buloh–Kranji mangrove coast, Singapore. Appl. Geogr. 24 (2004), 181–198.
6. Bird, M.I., Pang, W.C., Lambeck, K., The age and origin of the Straits of Singapore. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 241 (2006), 531–538.
7. Brandt, R.A.M., The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand. Arch. Mollusk. 105 (1974), 1–423.
8. Brown, M.V., Lauro, F.M., DeMaere, M.Z., Muir, L., Wilkins, D., Thomas, T., Riddle, M.J., Fuhrman, J.A., Andrews-Pfannkoch, C., Hoffman, J.M., McQuaid, J.B., Allen, A., Rintoul, S.R., Cavicchioli, R., Global biogeography of SAR11 marine bacteria. Mol. Syst. Biol., 8, 2012, 595.
9. Cartwright-Taylor, L., Ng, H.H., Goh, T.Y., Tracked mangrove horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda remain resident in a tropical estuary. Aquatic Biol. 17 (2012), 235–245.
10. Chatterjea, K., Impact of tropical rainstorms on sediment and runoff generation from bare and grass-covered surfaces: A pilot study from Singapore. Land Degrad. Dev. 9 (1998), 143–157.
11. Chen, C.-L., Maki, J.S., Rittschof, D., Teo, S.L.M., Early marine bacterial biofilm on a copper-based antifouling paint. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegradat. 83 (2013), 71–76.
12. Chew, S.Y., Waves at southeast coast of Singapore. J. Inst. Eng. Singap. 14 (1974), 36–40.
13. Chia, L.S., ICLARM Technical Reports, Vol. 31, Singapore's Urban Coastal Area: Strategies for Management. ASEAN/US Coastal Resources Management Project Technical Publications Series 9, 1992, 1–99.
14. Chia, L.S., Chou, L.M., 1991. Urban Coastal Area Management: The Experience of Singapore. ASEAN/US Coastal Resources Management Project Conference Proceedings 7. ICLARM Contribution no. 672. p. 128.
15. Chia, L.S., Khan, H., Chou, L.M., ICLARM Technical Reports, Vol. 21 The Coastal Environmental Profile of Singapore. ASEAN/US Coastal Resources Management Project Technical Publications Series 3, 1988, 1–92.
16. Chim, C.K., Ong, Y.Y.B., Diet of an intertidal predator, Morula fusca (Neogastropoda: Muricidae) on St John's Island, Singapore. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 2012 (2012), 153–158.
17. Chim, C.K., Tan, K.S., Vertical distribution, spawning and recruitment of Siphonaria guamensis (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) on a seawall in Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 22 (2009), 269–278 Supplement no.
18. Choi, E.C.C., Characteristics of tropical thunderstorms. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 84 (2000), 215–226.
19. Chong, V.C., Sasekumar, A., Fish communities and fisheries of Sungai Johor and Sungai Pulai estuaries (Johor, Malaysia). Malayan Nat. J. 56 (2002), 279–302.
20. Chou, L.M., A Guide to the Coral Reef Life of Singapore. 1988, Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 128.
21. Chou, L.M., Community structure of sediment stressed reefs in Singapore. Galaxea 7 (1988), 101–111.
22. Chou, L.M., Marine habitats in one of the world's busiest harbours. Wolanski, E., (eds.) The Environment in Asia Pacific Harbours, 2006, Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 377–391.
23. Chou, L.M., Chia, L.S., The marine environment. Chia, L.S., Rahman, A., Tay, D.B.H., (eds.) The Biophysical Environment of Singapore, 1991, Singapore University Press and Geography Teachers’ Association of Singapore, 155–184.
24. Chou, L.M., Khoo, H.W., The influence of treated sewage outfall on the distribution of nearshore benthic organisms. Yap, H.T., Bohle-Carbonell, Gomez, E.D., (eds.) Oceanography and Marine Pollution. An ASEAN-EC Perspective, 1990, Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, 225–237.
25. Chou, L.M., Lim, T.M., Coral establishment on a submerged concrete pillar in Singapore. Zool. Sci., 1, 1984, 256.
26. Chou, L.M., Teo, Y.H., An ecological study of the scleractinian corals of Pulau Salu reef, Singapore. Asian Mar. Biol. 2 (1985), 11–20.
27. Chua, T.E., A preliminary study on the plankton of the Ponggol estuary. Hydrobiologia 35 (1970), 254–272.
28. Chua, T.E., An ecological study of the Ponggol estuary in Singapore. Hydrobiologia 43 (1973), 505–533.
29. Chua, C.Y.Y., Chou, L.M., Coral reef management in Singapore—A case for integrated coastal area management. Chou, L.M., Wilkinson, C.R., (eds.) Third ASEAN Science and Technology Week Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6, Marine Science: Living Coastal Resources, 21–23 Sept 1992, Singapore, 1992, Dept of Zoology, National University of Singapore and National Science and Technology Board, Singapore, 437–445.
30. Chuang, S.H., The structure and function of the alimentary canal in Lingula unguis (L.) (Brachiopoda). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 132 (1959), 283–311.
31. Chuang, S.H., The breeding season of the brachiopod, Lingula unguis (L.). Biol. Bull. 117 (1959), 202–207.
32. Chuang, S.H., On Malayan Shores. 1961, Muwu Shosa, Singapore.
33. Chuang, S.H., Feeding mechanism of the echiuroid, Ochetostoma erythrogrammon Leuckart & Ruppell, 1828. Biol. Bull. 123 (1962), 80–85.
34. Chuang, S.H., Life of the seashore. Animal Life and Nature in Singapore, 1973, University of Singapore Press, 150–174.
35. Chuang, S.H., Marine boring and fouling animals of submerged nibong poles. J. Singap. Nat. Acad. Sci. 3 (1973), 72–78.
36. Chuang, S.H., Ecology of Singapore and Malayan coral reefs—preliminary classification. Proceedings of the Third International Coral Reef Symposium, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 1977, University of Miami, 55–61.
37. Chung, D.S.L., Goh, B.P.L., A survey of the soft-bottom benthic fauna of Pulau Tekong. Chou, L.M., (eds.) Coastal Living Resources of Singapore: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Assessment of Living Resources in the Coastal Areas of Singapore, 1990, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 53–62.
38. Cookson, L.J., Cragg, S.M., Limnoria cristata (Isopoda: Limnoriidae), a new species of marine wood-borer from Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 39 (1991), 87–97.
39. Corlett, R.T., Vegetation. Chia, L.S., Rahman, A., Tay, D.B.H., (eds.) The Biophysical Environment of Singapore, 1991, Singapore University Press and Geography Teachers’ Association of Singapore, 134–154.
40. Corlett, R.T., The ecological transformation of Singapore, 1819–1990. J. Biogeogr. 19 (1992), 411–420.
41. Davison, G., Tan, R., Lee, B., Wild Singapore. 2012, John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, England, 208.
42. Dutkiewicz, S., Morris, J.J., Follows, M.J., Scott, J., Levitan, O., Dyhrman, S.T., Berman-Frank, I., Impact of ocean acidification on the structure of future phytoplankton communities. Nature Clim. Change 5 (2015), 1002–1006.
43. Gilbert, J.A., Sommerfield, P., Temperton, B., Huse, S., Joint, I., Field, D., 2010. Day-length is central to maintaining consistent seasonal diversity in marine bacterioplankton. Available from Nature Precedings: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4406/version/1.
44. Gin, K.Y.H., Holmes, M.J., Zhang, S., Lin, X., Phytoplankton structure in the tropical port waters of Singapore. Wolanski, E., (eds.) The Environment in Asia Pacific Harbours, 2006, Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 347–375.
45. Gin, K.Y.H., Lin, X., Zhang, S., Dynamics and size structure of phytoplankton in the coastal waters of Singapore. J. Plankton Res. 22 (2000), 1465–1484.
46. Gin, K.Y.H., Zhang, S., Lee, Y.K., Phytoplankton community structure in Singapore's coastal waters using HPLC pigment analysis and flow cytometry. J. Plankton Res. 25 (2003), 1507–1519.
47. Goh, B.P.L., Lim, D.Y.F., Distribution and abundance of sea urchins in Singapore reefs and their impacts on macroalgae and coral communities. Ocean Sci. J. 50 (2015), 211–219.
48. Goh, N.K.C., Loo, M.G.K., Chou, L.M., An analysis of gorgonian (Anthozoa: Octocorallina) zonation on Singapore reefs with respect to depth. Environ. Monit. Assess. 44 (1997), 81–89.
49. Golding, R., Ponder, W.F., Byrne, M., Taxonomy and anatomy of Amphiboloidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Archaeopulmonata). Zootaxa 1476 (2007), 1–50.
50. Gordon, M.S., Schmidt-Nielsen, K., Kelly, H.M., Osmotic regulation in the crab-eating frog (Rana cancrivora). J. Exp. Biol. 38 (1961), 659–678.
51. Green, J.P., Dunn, D.F., Chloride and osmotic balance in the euryhaline sipunculid Phascolosoma arcuatum from a Malaysian mangrove swamp. Biol. Bull. 150 (1976), 211–221.
52. Guest, J.R., Baird, A.H., Goh, B.P.L., Chou, L.M., Reproductive seasonality in an equatorial assemblage of scleractinian corals. Coral Reefs 24 (2005), 112–116.
53. Guest, J.R., Baird, A.H., Maynard, J.A., Muttaqin, E., Edwards, A.J., Campbell, S.J., Yewdall, K., Affendi, Y.A., Chou, L.M., Contrasting patterns of coral bleaching susceptibility in 2010 suggest an adaptive response to thermal stress. PLoS One, 7(3), 2012, e33353, 10.1371/journal.pone.0033353.
54. Gupta, A., Pitts, J., (eds.) The Singapore Story. Physical Adjustments in a Changing Landscape, 1992, Singapore University Press, Singapore, 423.
55. Hajisamae, S., Chou, L.M., Do shallow water habitats of an impacted coastal strait serve as nursery grounds for fish?. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 56 (2003), 281–290.
56. Hill, R.D., The Singapore “Deeps”. Malayan Nat. J. 21 (1968), 142–146.
57. Hill, R.D., Land and Sea. Chuang, S.H., (eds.) Animal Life and Nature in Singapore, 1973, University of Singapore Press, Singapore, 9–26.
58. Hilton, M.J., Manning, S.S., Conversion of coastal habitats in Singapore: Indications of unsustainable development. Environ. Conserv. 22 (1995), 307–322.
59. Holmes, M.J., Bolch, C.J.S., Green, D.H., Cembella, A.D., Teo, S.L.M., Singapore isolates of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (Dinophyceae) produce a unique profile of shellfish poisoning toxins. J. Phycol. 38 (2002), 96–106.
60. Holmes, M.J., Teo, S.L.M., Toxic marine dinoflagellates in Singapore waters that cause seafood poisonings. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 29 (2002), 829–836.
61. Huang, D., Tun, K.P.P., Chou, L.M., Todd, P.A., An inventory of zooxanthellate scleractinian corals in Singapore, including 33 new records. Raff. Bull. Zool. 22 (2009), 69–80 Supplement.
62. Hutomo, M., Nontji, A., Dirhamsyah, (eds.) Regional Coastal Resources and Environmental Profile for ASEAN Region, 2010, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia, 296.
63. Johnson, D.S., The food and feeding of the mud-lobster, Thalassina anomala (Herbat). Crustaceana 2 (1961), 325–326.
64. Johnson, D.S., A review of the brackish water prawns of Malaya. Bulletin of the National Museum, Singapore, Vol. 33, 1965, 7–11.
65. Johnson, Z.I., Zinser, E.R., Coe, A., McNulty, N.P., Woodward, E.M.S., Chisholm, S.W., Niche partitioning among Prochlorococcus ecotypes along ocean-scale environmental gradients. Science 311 (2006), 1737–1740.
66. Keng, H., Chin, S.C., Tan, H.T.W., The Concise Flora of Singapore. Volume II: Monocotyledons. 1998, Singapore University Press and National Parks Board, 215.
67. Khoo, H.W., 1980. Extent and location of mangrove in the country. In: The Present State of Mangrove Ecosystems in Southeast Asia and the Impact of Pollution. Singapore (LM Chou, SH Ho, HW Khoo, TJ Lam, DH Murphy and WH Tan, contrib.): 2–11. FAO and UNDP (SCS/80/WP/94d), South China Sea Fisheries Development and Coordinating Programme, Manila, Philippines.
68. Khoo, H.W., 1991. Benthic communities of the rivers and the coastal waters of Singapore. In: Urban Coastal Area Management: The experience of Singapore (Chia LS & Chou LM, eds): 31–46. ICLARM contribution no. 672. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, on behalf of Association of Southeast Asian Nations/United States Coastal Resources Management Project (Conference Proceedings 7).
69. Koh, L.L., O'Riordan, R.M., Lee, W.J., Sex in the tropics: Reproduction of Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry (Class Cirripedia) at the equator. Mar. Biol. 147 (2005), 121–133.
70. Kopf, A., Bicak, M., Kottmann, R., Schnetzer, J., Kostadinov, I., et al. The ocean sampling day consortium. GigaScience, 4, 2015, 27, 10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5.
71. Kuo, J., den Hartog, C., Seagrass taxonomy and identification key. Short, F.T., Coles, R.G., (eds.) Global Seagrass Methods, 2001, Elsevier Science B.V, Amsterdam, 31–58.
72. Lai, S., Loke, L.H.L., Hilton, M.J., Bouma, T.J., Todd, P.A., The effects of urbanization on coastal habitats and the potential for ecological engineering: A Singapore case study. Ocean Coast. Manage. 103 (2015), 78–85.
73. Lane, D.J.W., Vandenspiegel, D., A Guide to the Sea Stars and other Echinoderms of Singapore. 2003, Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 187.
74. Lau, S.C.K., Zhang, R., Brodie, E.L., Piceno, Y.M., Andersen, G., Liu, W.T., Biogeography of bacterioplankton in the tropical waters of Singapore. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 84 (2013), 259–269.
75. Lee, A.C., Baula, I.U., Miranda, L.N., Sin, T.M., A Photographic Guide to the Marine Algae of Singapore. 2015, Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 201.
76. Lee, B.Y., Ng, N.K., Ng, P.K.L., The taxonomy of five species of Episesarma De Man, 1895 in Singapore (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae). Raff. Bull. Zool. 31 (2015), 199–215 Supplement.
77. Lee, A.C., Sin, T.M., Intertidal assemblages on coastal defence structures in Singapore II. Contrasts between islands and the mainland. Raff. Bull. Zool. 22 (2009), 255–268 Supplement.
78. Lee, A.C., Tan, K.S., Sin, T.M., Intertidal assemblages on coastal defence structures in Singapore I: A faunal study. Raff. Bull. Zool. 22 (2009), 237–254 Supplement.
79. Lee, S.S.C., Teo, S.L.M., Lambert, G., New records of solitary ascidians on artificial structures in Singapore waters. Mar. Biodivers. Records 6 (2013), 1–18.
80. Lee, Y.L., Glasby, C.J., A new cryptic species of Neanthes (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Nereididae) from Singapore confused with Neanthes glandicincta Southern, 1921 and Ceratonereis (Composetia) burmensis (Monro, 1937). Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 31 (2015), 75–95.
81. Leong, S.C.Y., Lim, L.P., Chew, S.M., Kok, J.W.K., Teo, S.L.M., Three new records of dinoflagellates in Singapore's coastal waters, with observations on environmental conditions associated with microalgal growth in the Johor Straits. Raff. Bull. Zool. 31 (2015), 24–36 Supplement.
82. Leong, W.F., Tan, T.K., Jones, E.B.G., Lignicolous marine fungi of Singapore. Can. J. Bot. 66 (1988), 2167–2170.
83. Lewis, J.A., Watson, C., ten Hove, H.A., Establishment of the Caribbean serpulid tubeworm Hydroides sanctaecrucis Krøyer [in] Mörch, 1863 in northern Australia. Biol. Invasions 8 (2006), 665–671.
84. Lim, C.F., Studies on the Sipunculida of Singapore, the structure of the gut, and the food of the sipunculoid–Phascolosoma lurco. (M.Sc. dissertation), 1961, University of Malaya in Singapore, 140.
85. Lim, C.F., Further new records and the distribution of Conus Linnaeus in Singapore and the Malay peninsula. J. Singap. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1 (1969), 45–50.
86. Lim, C.F., Histochemistry and structure of the digestive system in the sipunculid, Phascolosoma lurco. J. Singap. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2 (1970), 19–30.
87. Lim, L.C., Coastal fisheries oceanographic studies in Johor Strait, Singapore I. Current movement in the East Johor Strait and its adjacent waters. Singap. J. Prim. Ind. 11:2 (1983), 83–97.
88. Lim, L.C., Coastal fisheries oceanographic studies in Johor Strait, Singapore II. Hydrological conditions in the East Johor Strait. Singap. J. Prim. Ind. 12:1 (1984), 17–39.
89. Lim, L.C., Coastal fisheries oceanographic studies in Johor Strait, Singapore III. Hydrological condition in the West Johor Strait. Singap. J. Prim. Ind. 12:2 (1984), 128–146.
90. Lim, S.C., de Voogd, N.J., Tan, K.S., A Guide to Sponges of Singapore. 2008, Singapore Science Centre, 173.
91. Lim, S.C., de Voogd, N.J., Tan, K.S., Shallow-water sponges (Porifera) in Singapore and description of a new species of Forcepia (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae). Contr. Zool. (Leiden) 81 (2012), 55–71.
92. Lim, G.S.Y., Gan, L., A preliminary survey of the benthic communities of West Johore Strait. Chou, L.M., (eds.) Coastal Living Resources of Singapore: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Assessment of Living Resources in the Coastal Areas of Singapore, 1990, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 21–28.
93. Lim, L.S.K., Koh, E.G.L., The soft-bottom benthic community of Pulau Ayer Chawan. Chou, L.M., (eds.) Coastal Living Resources of Singapore: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Assessment of Living Resources in the Coastal Areas of Singapore, 1990, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 37–44.
94. Lim, H.C., Leaw, C.P., Tan, T.H., Kon, N.F., Yek, L.H., Hii, K.S., Teng, S.T., Roziawati, M.R., Usup, G., Iwataki, M., Lim, P.T., A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia. Harmful Algae 40 (2014), 51–62.
95. Lim, K.K.P., Low, J.K.Y., A Guide to Common Marine Fishes of Singapore. 1998, Singapore Science Centre, 163.
96. Lim, S.S.L., Ng, P.K.L., Tan, L.W.H., Wee, Y.C., Rhythm of the Sea. The Life and Times of Labrador Beach. 1994, Nanyang Technological University and National University of Singapore, 160.
97. Lim, S.C., Tun, K., Goh, E., Rediscovery of the Neptune's Cup sponge in Singapore: Cliona or Poterion?. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 2012 (2012), 49–56.
98. Liow, L.H., Mangrove conservation in Singapore: A physical or psychological impossibility?. Biodivers. Conserv. 9 (2000), 309–332.
99. Loo, M.G.K., Tun, K.P.P., Chou, L.M., 1995. Environmental status of seagrass communities in Singapore. In: Second Workshop of the EAS-35 Project: Integrated Management of Watershed in Relation to the Coastal and Marine Environment, Bangkok, 1995. Regional Coordinating Unit for the East Asian Seas (EAS/RCU), United Nations Environmental Programme.
100. Lu, L., Seasonal variation of macrobenthic infauna in the Johor Strait, Singapore. Aquat. Ecol. 39 (2005), 107–111.
101. Lu, L., The relationship between soft-bottom macrobenthic communities and environmental variables in Singaporean waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 51 (2005), 1034–1040.
102. Lu, X.X., Won, P.P., Chou, L.M., Singapore's Biophysical Environment. 2005, McGraw-Hill Education (Asia), Singapore, 232.
103. Mella-Flores, D., Mazard, S., Humily, F., Partensky, F., Mahé, F., Bariat, L., Courties, C., Marie, D., Ras, J., Mauriac, R., Jeanthon, C., Mahdi Bendif, E., Ostrowski, M., Scanlan, D.J., Garczarek, L., Is the distribution of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus ecotypes in the Mediterranean Sea affected by global warming?. Biogeosciences 8 (2011), 2785–2804.
104. Messing, C.G., Tay, T.S., Extant Crinoidea (Echinodermata) of Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl., 2016 in press.
105. Mok, E.Y.M., Munro, A.D., Observations on the food and feeding adaptations of four species of small pelagic teleosts in streams of the Sungei Buloh mangal, Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 39 (1991), 235–257.
106. Morton, B., Tan, K.S., Brachidontes striatulus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) introduced into Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 54 (2006), 435–439.
107. Murphy, D.H., The natural history of insect herbivory on mangrove trees in and near Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 38 (1990), 119–203.
108. Murphy, D.H., The air-breathing arthropods of the mangrove system. Chou, L.M., Ng, P.K.L., (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Papers Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 1990, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 169–187.
109. Murphy, D.H., Insects and public health in the mangrove ecosystem. Chou, L.M., Ng, P.K.L., (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Papers Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Department of Zoology, 1990, National University of Singapore, 423–452.
110. Murphy, D.H., Sigurdsson, J.B., Birds, mangroves, and man: Prospects and promise of the new Sungei Buloh Bird Reserve. Chou, L.M., Ng, P.K.L., (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Papers Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Department of Zoology, 1990, National University of Singapore, 233–243.
111. Nayar, S., Goh, B.P.L., Chou, L.M., Settlement of marine periphytic algae in a tropical estuary. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 64 (2005), 241–248.
112. Ng, P.K.L., Kang, N., The mud lobster. Nat. Malays. 13:4 (1988), 28–31.
113. Ng, P.K.L., Lim, S.S.L., Wang, L.K., Tan, L.W.H., Private Lives. An Exposé of Singapore's Shores. 2007, National University of Singapore, 212.
114. Ng, P.K.L., Sivasothi, N., A Guide to the Mangroves of Singapore I. The Ecosystem and Plant Diversity. 1999, Singapore Science Centre, 160.
115. Ng, P.K.L., Sivasothi, N., A Guide to the Mangroves of Singapore II. Animal Diversity. 1999, Singapore Science Centre, 168.
116. Ng, P.K.L., Wang, L.K., Lim, K.K.P., Private Lives. An Exposé of Singapore's Mangroves. 2008, National University of Singapore, 249.
117. Nguyen, K.D., Morley, S.A., Lai, C.H., Clark, M.S., Tan, K.S., Peck, L.S., Upper temperature limits of tropical ectotherms: Global warming implications. PLoS One, 6(12), 2011, e29340.
118. Nieuwolt, S., Climate. Chuang, S.H., (eds.) Animal Life and Nature in Singapore, 1973, Singapore University Press, Singapore, 27–39.
119. Noiraksar, T., Lewmanomont, K., Tan, K.S., Ong, J.J.L., Diversity of seaweeds and seagrasses of St John's Island, Singapore. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 2012 (2012), 33–47.
120. Ong, J.J.L., Tan, K.S., Observations on the subtidal fouling community on jetty pilings in the southern islands of Singapore. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 2012 (2012), 121–126.
121. Ong, J.Y., Wong, H.P.S., Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the Johor Straits, Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 31 (2015), 273–291.
122. Phang, V.X.H., Chou, L.M., Friess, D.A., Ecosystem carbon stocks across a tropical intertidal habitat mosaic of mangrove forest, seagrass meadow, mudflat and sandbar. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 40 (2015), 1387–1400.
123. Phang, S.M., Wee, Y.C., Benthic marine algae. Kiew, R., (eds.) The State of Nature Conservation in Malaysia Petaling Jaya and International Development Research Centre, Canada, 1991, Malayan Nature Society, 51–61.
124. Polhemus, J.T., Polhemus, D.A., Omaniidae. Tran, A.D., Yang, C.Y., Cheng, L., (eds.) Water Bugs of Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia, 2015, Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 291–292.
125. Punnett, R.C., On a collection of nemerteans from Singapore. Quart. J. Microsc. Soc. 44 (1900), 111–139.
126. Raven, H., Vermuelen, J.J., Notes on molluscs from NW Borneo and Singapore. 2. A synopsis of the Ellobiidae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), Vita. Malacologica 4 (2007), 29–62.
127. Reid, D.G., 1986. The Littorinid Molluscs of Mangrove Forests in the Indo-Pacific Region. The genus Littoraria. British Museum (Natural History) Publication no. 978. p. 228.
128. Renaud-Mornant, J., Serene, P., 1967. Note sur la microfaune de la côte orientale de la Malaise, Cahiers Pacifique 11: pp. 51–73.
129. Sachidhanandam, U., Chou, L.M., A generic account of marine soft-bottom benthic bivalves of Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. 44 (1996), 509–530.
130. Sasekumar, A., Meiofauna of a mangrove shore on the west coast of peninsular Malaysia. Raff. Bull. Zool. 42 (1994), 901–915.
131. Schmoker, C., Mahjoub, M.S., Calbet, A., Hsiao, S.H., Russo, F., Larsen, O., Trottet, A., Drillet, G., A review of the zooplankton in Singapore waters. Raff. Bull. Zool. 62 (2014), 726–749.
132. Sigurdsson, J.B., A nudibranch, Murphydoris singaporensis, new genus and species, from Singapore mangroves (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia: Goniodorididae). Raff. Bull. Zool. 39 (1991), 259–263.
133. Sigurdsson, J.B., Sundari, G., Colour changes in the shell of the tree-climbing bivalve Enigmonia aenigmatica (Holten, 1802) (Anomiidae). Raff. Bull. Zool. 38 (1990), 213–218.
134. Sigurdsson, J.B., Yang, C.M., Marine mammals of Singapore. Chou, L.M., Ng, P.K.L., (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Papers Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 1990, Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, 25–37.
135. Sin, T.M., Ang, H.P., Buurman, J., Lee, A.C., Leong, Y.L., Ooi, S.K., Steinberg, P., Teo, S.L.M., The marine environment of Singapore Port. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 2016 (in press).
136. Somerfield, P.J., Gee, J.M., Aryuthaka, C., Meiofaunal communities in a Malaysian mangrove forest. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 78 (1998), 717–732.
137. Spalding, M.D., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., Davidson, N., Ferdana, Z.A., Finlayson, M., Halpern, B.S., Jorge, M.A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S.A., Martin, K.D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C.A., Robertson, J., Marine ecoregions of the world: a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. BioScience 57 (2007), 573–583.
138. Sundari, R., Vikineswary, S., Yusoff, M., Jones, E.B.G., Observations on tropical arenicolous marine fungi on driftwood from Malaysia and Singapore. Bot. Mar. 39 (1996), 327–333.
139. Tan, C.G.S., Ng, P.K.L., An annotated checklist of mangrove brachyuran crabs from Malaysia and Singapore. Hydrobiologia 285 (1994), 75–84.
140. Tan, H.T.W., Chou, L.M., Yeo, D.C.J., Ng, P.K.L., The Natural Heritage of Singapore. Pearson Education South Asia. 2010, Prentice Hall, 323.
141. Tan, K.S., Mudflat predation on bivalves and gastropods by Chicoreus capucinus (Neogastropoda: Muricidae) at Kungkrabaen Bay, Gulf of Thailand. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 18 (2008), 235–245.
142. Tan, K.S., Chou, L.M., A Guide to Common Seashells of Singapore. 2000, Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 168.
143. Tan, K.S., Koh, K.S., Goh, L., Taking stock of Singapore's marine life: the Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey Johor Straits International Workshop 2012. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 31 (2015), 1–6.
144. Tan, K.S., Koh, K.S., Goh, L., The Comprehensive Marine Biodiversity Survey Singapore Strait International Workshop 2013. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl., 2016 in press.
145. Tan, K.S., Morton, B., The invasive Caribbean bivalve Mytilopsis sallei (Dreissenidae) introduced into Singapore and Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Raff. Bull. Zool. 54 (2006), 429–434.
146. Tan, K.S., Oh, T.M., Feeding habits of Chicoreus capucinus (Neogastropoda: Muricidae) in a Singapore mangrove. Bolletino Malacologico, Suppl. 4 (2002), 43–50.
147. Tan, R., Yeo, A., Chek Jawa Guidebook. 2003, Simply Green, Singapore, 219.
148. Tan, S.K., Yeo, R.K.H., The intertidal molluscs of Pulau Semakau: Preliminary results of ‘Project Semakau’. Nat. Singap. 3 (2010), 287–296.
149. Tan, T.K., Leong, W.F., Lignicolous fungi of tropical mangrove wood. Mycol. Res. 96 (1992), 413–414.
150. Tan, T.K., Pek, C.L., Tropical mangrove leaf litter fungi in Singapore with an emphasis on Halophytophthora. Mycol. Res. 101 (1997), 165–168.
151. Tan, W.H., Some Singapore shipworms (family Teredinidae). J. Singap. National Acad. Sci. 2 (1970), 1–13.
152. Tang, Y.Z., Kong, L., Holmes, M.J., Dinoflagellate Alexandrium leei (Dinophyceae) from Singapore coastal waters produces a water-soluble ichthyotoxin. Mar. Biol. 150 (2007), 541–549.
153. Teo, L.W., Wee, Y.C., Seaweeds of Singapore. 1983, Singapore University Press, Singapore, 123.
154. Tham, A.K., The Sea. Chuang, S.H., (eds.) Animal Life and Nature in Singapore, 1973, Singapore University Press, Singapore, 140–149.
155. Tham, A.K., Fish and prawn ponds. Chuang, S.H., (eds.) Animal Life and Nature in Singapore, 1973, Singapore University Press, Singapore, 260–268.
156. Tham, A.K., Seasonal distribution of the plankton in Singapore Straits. Special Publication dedicated to Dr NK Panikkar. Mar. Biol. Assoc. India, 1973, 60–73.
157. Tilbrook, K.J., Gordon, D.P., Bryozoa from the Straits of Johor, Singapore, with the description of new species. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 31 (2015), 255–263.
158. Tkalich, P., Sundarambal, P., Eutrophication modeling for the Singapore waters. Singap. Maritime and Port J., 2003, 122–136.
159. Todd, P.A., Chou, L.M., A tale of survival: Labrador Park, Singapore. Coral Reefs, 24, 2005, 391.
160. Toh, C.H., Tan, S.K., Low, M.E.Y., Cone snail Conus recluzianus at Lazarus Island. Singap. Biodivers. Records 2014 (2014), 135–136.
161. Tran, A.D., Yang, C.M., Cheng, L., Water Bugs of Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum. 2015, National University of Singapore, 334.
162. Turner, I.M., Yong, J.W.H., The coastal vegetation of Singapore. Briffet, C., Ho, H.C., (eds.) State of the Natural Environment in Singapore, 1999, Nature Society, Singapore, 5–23.
163. Usup, G., Cheah, M.Y., Roziwani, M.R., Ng, B.K., Leaw, C.P., Othman, M., Faazaz, A.L., Identification of the species responsible for the harmful algal bloom event in Tebrau Strait in 2002. Malays. Appl. Biol. 32 (2003), 59–62.
164. Van Maren, D.S., Liew, S.C., Jahid Hasan, G.M., The role of terrestrial sediment on turbidity near Singapore's coral reefs. Cont. Shelf Res. 76 (2014), 75–88.
165. Vohra, F.C., Zonation on a tropical sandy shore. J. Anim. Ecol. 40 (1971), 679–708.
166. Wah, T.T., Wee, Y.C., Diatoms from mangrove environments of Singapore and southern peninsular Malaysia. Bot. Mar. 31 (1988), 317–327.
167. West, J.A., New Algal Records from the Singapore Mangroves, Vol. 43. 1992, Gardens’ Bulletin, 19–21.
168. Wickstead, J.H., A survey of the large zooplankton of Singapore Straits. J. Conseil 23 (1958), 340–353.
169. Wong, J., Sin, T.M., 2013. Coral Reefs of Singapore. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 63 pp.
170. Wong, P.P., The herbaceous formation and its geomorphic role, east coast, peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nat. J. 32 (1978), 129–142.
171. Wood, A.K.H., Ahmad, Z., Shazili, N.A.M., Yaacob, R., Carpenter, R., Geochemistry of sediments in Johor Strait between Malaysia and Singapore. Cont. Shelf Res. 17 (1997), 1207–1228.
172. Wyrtki, K., Physical oceanography of the Southeast Asian waters. Naga Report Volume 2. Scientific Results of Marine Investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, 1959–1961, 1961, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, 195.
173. Yaakub, S.M., Lim, R.L.F., Lim, W.F., Todd, P.A., The diversity and distribution of seagrass in Singapore. Nat. Singap. 6 (2013), 105–111.
174. Yaakub, S.M., McKenzie, L.J., Erftemeijer, P.L.A., Bouma, T., Todd, P.A., Courage under fire: Seagrass persistence adjacent to a highly urbanized city-state. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 83 (2014), 417–424.
175. Yang, S., Lim, R.L.F., Sheue, C.-R., Yong, J.W.H., Current status of mangrove forests in Singapore. Leong T.M. & Ho H.C. (Eds.), Proceedings of Nature Society, Singapore's Conference on Nature Conservation for a sustainable Singapore, 2013, Nature Society, Singapore, 99–120.
176. Yap, N.W.L., Ong, J.Y., A survey of jellyfish (Cnidaria) around St John's Island in the Singapore Straits. Contrib. Mar. Sci. 2012 (2012), 57–74.
177. Yeo, D.C.J., Ahyong, S.T., Lodge, D.M., Ng, P.K.L., Naruse, T., Lane, D.J.W., Semisubmersible oil platforms: understudied and potentially major vectors of biofouling-mediated invasions. Biofouling 26 (2009), 179–186.
178. Yeo, D.C.J., Carlton, J.T., Teo, S.L.M., Ng, P.K.L., An incoming flood on a cryptic stage: Understanding alien crustacean invasions in Southeast Asia. Galil, et al. (eds.) In the Wrong Place–Alien Marine Crustaceans: Distribution, Biology and Impacts Invading Nature–Springer Series in Invasion Ecology, vol. 6, 2011, Springer Science, 403–417.
179. Yew, S.L.C., Peng, L.L., Moon, C.S., Kit, J.K.W., Ming, S.T.L., Three new records of dinoflagellates in Singapore's coastal waters, with observations on environmental conditions associated with microalgal growth in the Johor Straits. Raff. Bull. Zool.(Suppl. 31), 2015, 24–36.
180. Yong, H.S., Button shells. Nat. Malaysiana 1:2 (1976), 20–21.
181. Yong, A.Y.P., Lim, S.S.L., The potential of Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772) as a bioindicator of human disturbance on Singapore beaches. Crustaceana 82 (2009), 1579–1597.
182. Zeehan, J., Yeo, D.C.J., Tan, H.H., O'Riordan, R.M., Status of estuarine and marine non-indigenous species in Singapore. Raff. Bull. Zool. Suppl. 25 (2012), 79–92.
183. Zhang, H., Bayen, S., Kelly, B., Multi-residue analysis of legacy POPs and emerging organic contaminants in Singapore's coastal waters using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Sci. Total Environ. 523 (2015), 219–232.