Hepatitis C reinfection following treatment induced viral clearance among people who have injected drugs

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Volumn 165, Issue , 2016, Pages 53-60

  Weir, Amanda ^a,b   McLeod, Allan ^b   Innes, Hamish ^a,b   Valerio, Heather ^a,b   Aspinall, Esther J ^a,b   Goldberg, David J ^a,b   Barclay, Stephen T ^c   Dillon, John F ^d   Fox, Ray ^e   Fraser, Andrew ^f   Hayes, Peter C ^g   Kennedy, Nicholas ^h   Mills, Peter R ^e   Stanley, Adrian J ^c   Aitken, Celia ⁱ   Gunson, Rory ⁱ   Templeton, Kate ^j   Hunt, Alison ^f   McIntyre, Paul ^d   Hutchinson, Sharon J ^a,b  

^a GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b HEALTH PROTECTION SCOTLAND   (United Kingdom)

^c GLASGOW ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE   (United Kingdom)

^e GARTNAVEL GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^f ABERDEEN ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

^g ROYAL INFIRMARY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^h MONKLANDS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ West of Scotland Specialist Virology Laboratory Gartnavel   (United Kingdom)

^j Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

Hepatitis C virus; People who inject drugs; Record linkage; Reinfection; Sustained viral response

Indexed keywords

OPIATE; PEGINTERFERON; RIBAVIRIN; VIRUS RNA;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; LOW RISK POPULATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY RATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REINFECTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RNA ANALYSIS; SCOTLAND; SELF INJECTION; TREATMENT DURATION; VIRAL CLEARANCE; BLOOD; GENETICS; HEPACIVIRUS; INCIDENCE; RECURRENT DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; FEMALE; HEPACIVIRUS; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; RECURRENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; RNA, VIRAL; SCOTLAND; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84971596800     PISSN: 03768716     EISSN: 18790046     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.012     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Aspinall, E.J., Corson, S., Doyle, J.S., Grebely, J., Hutchinson, S.J., Dore, G.J., Goldberg, D.J., Hellard, M.E., Treatment of Hepatitis C virus infection among people who are actively injecting drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2013, S80–S89, 10.1093/cid/cit306.
2. Backmund, M., Meyer, K., Edlin, B.R., Infrequent reinfection after successful treatment for Hepatitis C virus infection in injection drug users. Clin. Infect. Dis. 39 (2004), 1540–1543.
3. Currie, S.L., Ryan, J.C., Tracy, D., Wright, T.L., George, S., McQuaid, R., Kim, M., Shen, H., Monto, A., A prospective study to examine persistent HCV reinfection in injection drug users who have previously cleared the virus. Drug Alcohol Depend. 93 (2008), 148–154.
4. Dalgard, O., Bjoro, K., Hellum, K., Myrvang, B., Skaug, K., Gutigard, B., Bell, H., Group, Construct, Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in injecting drug users: 5 years’ follow-up. Eur. Addict. Res. 8 (2007), 45–49.
5. EASL, Clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J. Hepatol. 60 (2014), 392–420, 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.11.003.
6. Grady, B.P., Vanhommerig, J.W., Schinkel, J., Weegink, C.J., Bruisten, S.M., Lindenburg, C.E., Prins, M., Low incidence of reinfection with the hepatitis C virus following treatment in active drug users in Amsterdam. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 24 (2012), 1302–1307.
7. Grebely, J., Knight, E., Ngai, T., Genoway, K.A., Raffa, J.D., Storms, M., Gallagher, L., Krajden, M., Dore, G.J., Duncan, F., Conway, B., Reinfection with hepatitis C virus following sustained virological response in injection drug users. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 25 (2010), 1281–1284, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06238.x.
8. Grebely, J., Pham, S.T., Matthews, G.V., Petoumenos, K., Bull, R.A., Yeung, B., Rawlinson, W., Kaldor, J., Lloyd, A., Hellard, M., Dore, G.J., White, P.A., et al. Hepatitis C virus reinfection and superinfection among treated and untreated participants with recent infection. Hepatology 55 (2012), 1058–1069, 10.1002/hep.24754.
9. Hara, K., Rivera, M.M., Koh, C., Demino, M., Page, S., Nagabhyru, P.R., Rehermann, B., Liang, T.J., Heller, T., Sequence analysis of hepatitis C virus from patients with relapse after a sustained virological response: relapse or reinfection?. J. Infect. Dis. 209 (2015), 38–45, 10.1093/infdis/jit541.
10. Health Protection Agency, Hepatitis C In The UK. 2015 Report., 2015, Health Protection Agency, London Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hepatitis-c-in-the-uk.
11. Iversen, J., Grebely, J., Topp, L., Wand, H., Dore, G.J., Maher, L., Uptake of hepatitis C treatment among people who inject drugs attending needle and syringe programs in Australia, 1999–2011. J. Viral Hepatol. 21 (2014), 198–207, 10.1111/jvh.12129.
12. Kendrick, S., Clarke, J., The Scottish record linkage system. Health Bull. Edinb. 51 (1993), 72–79.
13. Mackellar, D.A., Hou, S.I., Whalen, C.C., Samuelsen, K., Valleroy, L.A., Secura, G.M., Behel, S., Bingham, T., Celentano, D.D., Koblin, B.A., LaLota, M., Shehan, D., et al. A plausible causal model of HAART-efficacy beliefs, HIV/AIDS complacency, and HIV-acquisition risk behavior among young men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 15 (2011), 788–804, 10.1007/s10461-010-9813-x.
14. Mackellar, D.A., Hou, S.I., Whalen, C.C., Samuelsen, K., Valleroy, L.A., Secura, G.M., Behel, S., Bingham, T., Celentano, D.D., Koblin, B.A., LaLota, M., Shehan, D., et al. HIV/AIDS complacency and HIV infection among young men who have sex with men, and the race-specific influence of underlying HAART beliefs. Sex. Transm. Dis. 38 (2011), 755–763, 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820d5a77.
15. Marco, A., Esteban, J.I., Sole, C., da Silva, A., Ortiz, J., Roget, M., Sarriera, C., Teixidó, N., Guerroro, R.A., Caylá, J.A., Hepatitis C virus reinfection among prisoners with sustained virological response after treatment for chronic hepatitis C. J. Hepatol. 59 (2013), 45–51, 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.03.008.
16. Mathers, B.M., Degenhardt, L., Phillips, B., Wiessing, L., Hickman, M., Strathdee, S.A., Wodak, A., Panda, S., Tyndall, M., Toufik, A., Mattick, R.P., Reference Group to the UN on HIV and Injecting Drug Use, 2008. Global Epidemiology of injecting drug use and HIV among people who inject drugs: a systematic review. Lancet 372 (2008), 1733–1745.
17. McLeod, A., Weir, A., Aitken, C., Gunson, R., Templeton, K., Molyneaux, P., McIntyre, P., McDonald, S., Goldberg, D.J., Hutchinson, S.J., Rise in testing and diagnosis associated with Scotland's action plan on Hepatitis C and introduction of dried blood spot testing. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 68 (2014), 1182–1188, 10.1136/jech-2014-204451.
18. Nelson, P.K., Mathers, B.M., Cowie, B., Hagan, H., Des Jarlais, D., Horyniak, D., Degenhardt, L., Global epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: results of systematic reviews. Lancet 378 (2011), 571–583, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61097-0.
19. Perz, J.F., Armstrong, G.L., Farrington, L.A., Hutin, Y.J., Bell, B.P., The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide. J. Hepatol. 45 (2006), 529–538 PostgreSQL, version 1.14.3 (The pgAdmin Development Team, 2012).
20. R Core Team (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL http://www.R-project.org/.
21. Scottish Government Health Department, Hepatitis C Action Plan for Scotland: Phase I (September 2006–April 2008). 2006, The Scottish Government, Edinburgh Available from www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/09/15093626/0.
22. Scottish Government Health Department, Hepatitis C Action Plan for Scotland: Phase II (May 2008–March 2011). 2008, The Scottish Government, Edinburgh Available from: www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2008/05/13103055/0.
23. Scottish Government Health Department, The Sexual Health and Blood Borne Virus Framework 2011–2015. 2011, The Scottish Government, Edinburgh Available from: http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2011/08/24085708/0.
24. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), Management of Hepatitis C. Edinburgh. (SIGN Publication No. 133) [July 2013]. 2013 Available from: http://www.sign.ac.uk.
25. Scottish Medicines Consortium. Available from: https://www.scottishmedicines.org.uk/SMC_Advice/Advice/1030_15_ledipasvir_sofosbuvir_Harvoni/ledipasvir_sofosbuvir_Harvoni.
26. Shaw, L., Taylor, A., Roy, K.M., Cameron, S.O., Burns, S., Molyneaux, P., McIntyre, P., Codere, G., Goldberg, D.J., Establishment of a database of diagnosed HCV-infected persons in Scotland. Commun. Dis. Public Health 6 (2003), 305–310.
27. StataCorp., 2005. Stata Statistical Software: Release 9. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP.
28. University of the West of Scotland, Health Protection Scotland, University of Strathclyde, the West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, The Needle Exchange Surveillance Initiative (NESI): Prevalence Of HCV And Injecting Risk Behaviours Among People Who Inject Drugs Attending Injecting Equipment Provision Services In Scotland. 2008 Available from: http://www.uws.ac.uk/research/research-institutes/social-sciences/health-behaviours-and-policy/needle-exchange-surveillance-initiative/.
29. Valerio, H., Goldberg, D.J., Lewsey, J., Weir, A., Allen, S., Aspinall, E.J., Barclay, S.T., Bramley, P., Dillon, J.F., Fox, R., Fraser, A., Hayes, P.C., Innes, H., Kennedy, N., Mills, P.R., Stanley, A.J., Hutchinson, S.J., Evidence of continued injecting drug use after attaining sustained treatment-induced clearance of the hepatitis C virus: implications for reinfection. Drug Alcohol Depend. 154 (2015), 125–131, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.032.
30. Vickerman, P., Grebely, J., Dore, G.J., Sacks-Davis, R., Page, K., Thomas, D.L., Osburn, W.O., Cox, A.L., Aitken, C.L., Hickman, M., Hellard, M., et al. The more you look, the more you find: effects of hepatitis C virus testing interval on reinfection incidence and clearance and implications for future vaccine study design. J. Infect. Dis. 205 (2012), 1342–1350, 10.1093/infdis/jis213.