The dynamics of questing ticks collected for 164 consecutive months off the vegetation of two landscape zones in the Kruger national park (1988-2002). Part II. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 78, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 3-

  Spickett, Arthur M ^a   Gallivan, Gordon J ^b   Horak, Ivan G ^c,d  

^a ONDERSTEPOORT VETERINARY INSTITUTE   (South Africa)

^b University of Pretoria ^*  (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^d UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IXODIDA; RHIPICEPHALUS; RHIPICEPHALUS APPENDICULATUS; RHIPICEPHALUS ZAMBEZIENSIS;

ANIMAL; CLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; LARVA; MALE; NYMPH; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION GROWTH; RECREATIONAL PARK; RHIPICEPHALUS; SEASON; SOUTH AFRICA;

ANIMALS; FEMALE; LARVA; MALE; NYMPH; PARKS, RECREATIONAL; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION GROWTH; RHIPICEPHALUS; SEASONS; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 84965128952     PISSN: 00302465     EISSN: 22190635     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v78i1.233     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Acocks, J.P.H., 1988, Veld types of South Africa with accompanying veld type map, 3rd edn., Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Pretoria.
2. Funston, P.J., Skinner, J.D. & Dott, H.M., 1994, 'Seasonal variation in movement patterns, home range and habitat selection of buffaloes in a semi-arid habitat', African Journal of Ecology 32, 100-114. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1994.tb00562.x
3. Gallivan, G.J., Culverwell, J., Girdwood, R. & Surgeoner, G.A., 1995, 'Ixodid ticks of impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Swaziland: effect of age class, sex, body condition and management', South African Journal of Zoology 30, 178-186.
4. Gertenbach, W.P.D., 1983, 'Landscapes of the Kruger National Park', Koedoe 26, 9-121.
5. Horak, I.G., Potgieter, F.T., Walker, J.B., De Vos, V. & Boomker, J., 1983a, 'The ixodid tick burdens of various large ruminant species in South African nature reserves', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 50, 221-228.
6. Horak, I.G., De Vos, V. & Brown, M.R., 1983b, 'Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XVI. Helminth and arthropod parasites of blue and black wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus and Connochaetes gnou)', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 50, 243-255.
7. Horak, I.G., Boomker, J., Spickett, A.M. & De Vos, V., 1992, 'Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXX. Ectoparasites of kudus in the eastern Transvaal Lowveld and the eastern Cape Province', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 59, 259-273.
8. Horak, I.G., Spickett, A.M., Braack, L.E.O. & Penzhorn, B.L., 1993, 'Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXXII. Ixodid ticks on scrub hares in the Transvaal', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 60, 163-174.
9. Horak, I.G., De Vos, V. & Braack, L.E.O., 1995, 'Arthropod burdens of impalas in the Skukuza region during two droughts in the Kruger National Park', Koedoe 38, 65-71.
10. Horak, I.G., Spickett, A.M. & Braack, L.E.O., 2000, 'Fluctuations in the abundance of Boophilus decoloratus and three Rhipicephalus species on vegetation during eleven consecutive years', in M. Kazimírová, M. Labuda & P.A. Nuttall (eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ticks and Tick-borne Pathogens, into the 21st Century, Bratislava, Slovakia, August 30-September 3, 1999, pp. 247-251.
11. Horak, I.G., Gallivan, G.J., Braack, L.E.O., Boomker, J. & De Vos, V., 2003, 'Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XLI. Arthropod parasites of impalas (Aepyceros melampus) in the Kruger National Park', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 70, 131-163.
12. Horak, I.G., Gallivan, J., Spickett, A.M. & Potgieter, A.L.F., 2006, 'Effect of burning on the numbers of questing ticks collected by dragging', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 73, 163-174.
13. Horak, I.G., Golezardy, H. & Uys, A.C., 2007, 'Ticks associated with the three largest wild ruminant species in southern Africa', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 74, 231-242.
14. Horak, I.G., Gallivan, G.J. & Spickett, A.M., 2011, 'The dynamics of questing ticks collected for 164 consecutive months off the vegetation of two landscape zones in the Kruger National Park (1988-2002). I. Total ticks, Amblyomma hebraeum and Rhipicephalus decoloratus', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 78(1): Art. #32, 10 pages. DOI:10.4102/ojvr.v78i1.32
15. Madder, M., Speybroeck, N., Bilounga, A., Helleputte, D. & Berkvens, D., 2005, 'Survival of unfed Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis adults', Medical Veterinary Entomology 3, 245-250. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00566.x, PMid:16134972
16. Minshull, J.I. & Norval, R.A.I., 1982, 'Factors influencing the spatial distribution of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Kyle Recreational Park, Zimbabwe', South African Journal of Wildlife Research 12, 118-123.
17. Norval, R.A.I. & Perry, B.D., 1990, 'Introduction, spread and subsequent disappearance of the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, from the southern lowveld of Zimbabwe', Experimental and Applied Acarology 9, 103-111. doi:10.1007/BF01198988
18. Norval, R.A.I., Walker, J.B. & Colborne, J., 1982, 'The ecology of Rhipicephalus zambeziensis and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acarina, Ixodidiae) with particular reference to Zimbabwe', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 49, 181-190.
19. Ogutu, J.O. & Owen-Smith, N., 2005, 'Oscillations in large mammal populations: are they related to predation or rainfall?', African Journal of Ecology 43, 332-339. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2005.00587.x
20. Olwoch, J.M., Van Jaarsveld, A.S., Scholtz, C.H. & Horak, I.G., 2007, 'Climate change and the genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Africa', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 79, 45-72.
21. Perry, B.D., Lessard, P., Norval, R.A.I., Kundert, K. & Kruska, R., 1990, 'Climate, vegetation and the distribution of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Africa', Parasitology Today 6, 100-104. doi:10.1016/0169-4758(90)90224-R
22. Rechav, Y., 1979, 'Migration and dispersal patterns of three African ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) under field conditions', Journal of Medical Entomology 16, 150-163.
23. Short, N.J., Floyd, R.B., Norval, R.A.I. & Sutherst, R.W., 1989a, 'Development rates, fecundity and survival of the developmental stages of the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Boophilus decoloratus and B. microplus under field conditions in Zimbabwe', Experimental and Applied Acarology 6, 123-141. doi:10.1007/BF01201643, doi:10.1007/BF01193981
24. Short, N.J., Floyd, R.B., Norval, R.A.I. & Sutherst, R.W., 1989b, 'Survival and behaviour of the unfed stages of the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Boophilus decoloratus and B. microplus under field conditions in Zimbabwe', Experimental and Applied Acarology 6, 215-236. doi:10.1007/BF01193981, doi:10.1007/BF01201643
25. Spickett, A.M., Horak, I.G., Braack, L.E.O. & Van Ark, H., 1991, 'Drag-sampling of freeliving ixodid ticks in the Kruger National Park', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 58, 27-32.
26. Spickett, A.M., Horak, I.G., Van Niekerk, A. & Braack, L.E.O., 1992, 'The effect of veldburning on the seasonal abundance of free-living ixodid ticks as determined by drag-sampling', Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 59, 285-292.
27. Walker, J.B., Keirans, J.E. & Horak, I.G., 2000, The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari, Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
28. Whyte, I.J. & Joubert, S.C.J., 1988, 'Blue wildebeest population trends in the Kruger National Park and the effects of fencing', South African Journal of Wildlife Research 18, 78-87.
29. Wronski, T., 2002, 'Feeding ecology and foraging behaviour of impala Aepyceros melampus in Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda', African Journal of Ecology 40, 205-211. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.2002.00348.x