Eco city development in China: addressing the policy implementation challenge

Journal of Cleaner Production

Volumn 134, Issue Part A, 2016, Pages 31-41

  de Jong, Martin ^a,b   Yu, Chang ^c   Joss, Simon ^d   Wennersten, Ronald ^e   Yu, Li ^f   Zhang, Xiaoling ^g   Ma, Xin ^h  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b FUDAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY   (China)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WESTMINSTER   (United Kingdom)

^e SHANDONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^f CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^g CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^h HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

China; Eco city development; Low carbon cities; Policy implementation; Policy network theory; Typology of eco cities

Indexed keywords

ECOLOGY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; URBAN GROWTH;

CHINA; ECO CITIES; LOW-CARBON CITIES; POLICY IMPLEMENTATIONS; POLICY NETWORKS;

PUBLIC POLICY;

EID: 84964600650     PISSN: 09596526     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.083     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Alusi, A., Eccles, R., Edmondson, A., Zuzul, T., Sustainable Cities: Oxymoron or the Shape of the Future?. 2010 (accessed 29.09.15) http://ssrn.com/abstract=1726484.
2. Bai, L., Qiao, Q., Yao, Y., Guo, J., Xie, M.H., Insights on the development progress of National Demonstration eco-industrial parks in China. J. Clean. Prod. 70 (2014), 4–14.
3. Bluepath City Consulting, Beautiful China: Eco-city Indicators Guidebook. 2013, Tongxin Press, Beijing.
4. Boxenbaum, E., Acquier, A., Pinheiro-Croisel, R., Garza de Linde, G., Processes of Institutional Innovation: Reference Tools for Eco-cities in France and Denmark. Jun 2011, PUCA, France, 1–36.
5. Braun, E., Eshuis, J., Klijn, E.H., The effectiveness of place brand communication. Cities 41 (2014), 64–70.
6. Bulkeley, H., Castan-Broto, V., Hodson, M., Marvis, S., Cities and Low Carbon Transitions. 2010, Routledge, London.
7. Caprotti, F., Critical research on eco-cities? A walk through the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City, China. Cities 36 (2013), 10–17.
8. Caprotti, F., Eco-urbanism and the eco-city, or, denying the right to the city?. Antipode 46:5 (2014), 1285–1303.
9. Chang, I.-C.C., Sheppard, E., China's eco-cities as variegated urban sustainability: Dongtan eco-city and Chongming eco-island. J. Urban Technol. 20:1 (2013), 3 9–55.
10. Chien, Shiun-shen, Chinese eco-cities: a perspective of land-speculation-oriented local entrepreneurialism. China Inf. 27:2 (2013), 173–196.
11. Cugurullo, F., How to build a sandcastle: an analysis of the genesis and development of Masdar city. J. Urban Technol. 20:1 (2013), 23–37.
12. Cugurullo, F., Urban eco-modernization and the policy context of new eco-city projects: where Masdar City fails and why. Urban Stud. 52 (2015), 1–17.
13. de Bruijn, H., ten Heuvelhof, E., Management in Networks: on Multi-actor Decision-making. 2008, Routledge, New York, USA.
14. de Jong, M., China's art of institutional bricolage: selectiveness and gradualism in the policy transfer style of a nation. Policy Soc. 23 (2013), 89–101.
15. de Jong, M., Wang, D., Yu, C., Exploring the relevance of the eco-city concept in China: the case of Shenzhen Sino-Dutch low carbon city. J. Urban Technol. 20 (2013), 95–113.
16. de Jong, M., Yu, C., Chen, X., Wang, D., Weijnen, M., Developing robust organizational frameworks for Sino-foreign eco-cities: comparing Sino-Dutch Shenzhen low carbon city with other initiatives. J. Clean. Prod. 57 (2013), 209–220.
17. de Jong, M., Joss, S., Schraven, D., Zhan, C., Weijnen, M., Sustainable-smart-resilient-low- carbon-eco-knowledge cities: making sense of a multitude of concepts promoting sustainable urbanization. J. Clean. Prod. 109 (2015), 25–38.
18. Dong, L., Fujita, T., Dai, M., Geng, Y., Ren, J.Z., Fujii, M., Wang, Y., Ohnishi, S., Towards preventative eco-industrial development: an industrial and urban symbiosis case in one typical industrial city in China. J. Clean. Prod. 114 (2016), 387–400.
19. EU-Asia dialogue, Eco-cities: Sharing European and Asian Best Practices and Experiences. first ed., 2014 Singapore.
20. Fung, E., More than 1 in 5 homes in Chinese cities are empty, survey says. Wall Str. J., June 11 2014 Retrieved at http://www.wsj.com/articles/more-than-1-in-5-homes-in-chinese-cities-are-empty-survey-says-1402484499.
21. Groenleer, M., Jiang, T., de Jong, M., de Bruijn, H., Applying Western decision-making theory to the study of transport infrastructure development in China: the case of the Harbin metro. Policy Soc. 31:1 (2012), 73–85.
22. Hill, M., The Public Policy Process. 2013, Routledge, London.
23. Hood, C., The Tools of Government. 1986, Chatham House, London.
24. Hood, C.C., Margetts, H.Z., The Tools of Government in the Digital Age. second ed. Public Policy and Politics, 2007, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
25. Hsing, Y.T., The Great Urban Transformation: Politics of Land and Property in China. 2010, Oxford University Press, New York.
26. Hulshof, M., Roggeveen, D., How the City Moved to Mr. Sun. 2011, Sun Publishers, Amsterdam.
27. Hult, A., Swedish production of sustainable urban imaginaries in China. J. Urban Technol. 20 (2013), 77–94.
28. Hult, A., The circulation of Swedish urban sustainability practices: to China and back. Environ. Plan. A 47:3 (2015), 537–553.
29. Joss, S., Cowley, R., National policies for local urban sustainability: a new governance approach?. Eames, M., Dixon, T., Lannon, S., Hunt, M., (eds.) Retrofitting Cities for Tomorrow's World, 2016, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.
30. Joss, S., Molella, A., The eco-city as urban technology: perspectives on Caofeidian international eco-city (China). J. Urban Technol. 20 (2013), 115–137.
31. Joss, S., Cowley, R., Tomozeiu, D., Towards the “ubiquitous eco-city”: an analysis of the internationalization of eco-city policy and practice. Urban Res. Pract. 6:1 (2013), 54–74.
32. Kickert, W., Klijn, E.H., Koppenjan, J., Managing Complex Networks, Strategies for the Public Sector. 1997, Sage Publications, London.
33. Klijn, E.H., Koppenjan, J., Governance Networks in the Public Sector. 2015, Routledge, Oxon.
34. Koppenjan, J., Klijn, E.H., Managing Uncertainties in Networks. 2004, Routledge, London.
35. Li, X., Liu, Y., The current situations, problems and solutions of Chinese eco-cities development. J. Urban Plan. 4 (2011), 23–29 (in Chinese).
36. Li, F., Liu, X., Hu, D., Wang, R., Yang, W., Li, D., Zhao, D., Measurement indicators and an evaluation approach for assessing urban sustainable development: a case study for China's Jining city. Landsc. Urban Plan. 90 (2009), 134–142.
37. Liu, H.L., Zhou, G.H., Wennersten, R., Frostell, B., Analysis of sustainable urban development approaches in China. Habitat Int. 41 (2014), 24–32.
38. May, S., Ecological citizenship and a plan for sustainable development: lessons from Huangbaiyu. City 12:2 (2008), 237–244.
39. Mayntz, R., Scharpf, F.W., Policy Making in the German Federal Bureaucracy. 1975, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
40. MEP, Indicators for Constructing Eco Village, Eco City and Eco Province. 2003 (revised in 2007).
41. MEP, Appraisal Program for Establishing Eco Village and Eco City. 2005 http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/zj/bgt/200910/t20091022_173935.htm.
42. MEP, Procedures for Evaluating National Eco Village, Eco City and Eco Province. 2006 http://www.zhb.gov.cn/ztbd/rdzl/stwm/sfcj/ghzb/201209/t20120920_236526.htm (accessed 29.09.15).
43. MEP, Indicators for Constructing Eco Village, Eco City and Eco Province. 2007 (revised) http://www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/zj/wj/200910/t20091022_172492.htm (accessed 29.09.15).
44. MEP, List of National Eco Cities, Districts and Villages. 2013 http://sts.mep.gov.cn/stsfcj/mdl/201301/t20130122_245393.htm (accessed 29.09.15).
45. MEP, Announcement of Award of 48 Areas as National Eco Cities (Districts and Counties). 8 May 2015 http://sts.mep.gov.cn/stsfcj/mdl/201505/t20150508_301316.htm (accessed 05.03.16).
46. Miao, B., Lang, G., A tale of two eco-cities: experimentation under hierarchy in Shanghai and Tianjin. Urban Policy Res. 33 (2014), 247–263.
47. Miller, T., China's Urban Billion: The Story behind the Biggest Migration in Human History. Asian Arguments, 2012, Zed Books, London/New York.
48. MOHURD, Cooperation Framework Agreement on Promoting Low Carbon Eco Cities between MOHURD and 4 Pilot Areas. 2010.
49. MOHURD, Establish Leading Group in MOHURD for Low Carbon City Development. 2011 http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/lswj/tz/jk201116.htm (accessed 29.09.15).
50. MOHURD, Measures for Applying Low Carbon Eco Cities (On Trial). 2011 http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/zcfg/jsbwj_0/jsbwjcsgh/201107/t20110711_203738.html (accessed 29.09.15).
51. Mu, Z., First standard of low carbon city published in China. Shanxi Energy Conserv. 3 (2010), 94–95.
52. NDRC, The Notice Regarding Pilot Low Carbon Provinces and Low Carbon Cities. 2010 http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2010-08/10/content_1675733.htm (accessed 29.09.15).
53. NDRC, Second Batch of National Low Carbon Pilot Areas. 2012 http://www.zjdpc.gov.cn/art/2012/12/7/art_791_445983.html (accessed 29.09.15).
54. OECD, OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015. 2015, OECD Publishing, Paris http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264230040-en (accessed 29.09.15).
55. Pow, C.P., Neo, H., Seeing red over green: contesting urban sustainabilities in China. Urban Stud. 50:11 (2013), 2256–2274.
56. Pressman, J.L., Wildavsky, A., Implementation (Third Edition Expanded). 1984, University of California Press, Berkeley.
57. Price, L., Zhou, N., Fridley, D., Ohshita, S., Lu, H., Zheng, N., Fino-Chen, C., Development of a low-carbon indicator system for China. Habitat Int. 37 (2013), 4–21.
58. Rapoport, E., Utopian visions and real estate dreams: the eco-city past, present and future. Geogr. Compass 8:2 (2014), 137–149.
59. Ren, X., Urban China. 2013, Polity Press.
60. Scharpf, F.W., Games Real Actors Play. 1997, Westview Press, Boulder.
61. Shepard, W., Ghost Cities of China. 2015, Zed Books, London.
62. Shwayri, S., A model Korean ubiquitous eco-city? The politics of making Songdo. J. Urban Technol. 20:1 (2013), 39–55.
63. Sørensen, E., Torfing, J., Making governance networks effective and democratic through metagovernance. Public Admin 87:2 (2009), 234–258.
64. Tao, R., Su, F.B., Liu, M.X., Cao, G.Z., Land leasing and local public finance in China's regional development: evidence from prefecture-level cities. Urban Stud. 47:10 (2010), 2217–2236.
65. Tomozeiu, D., Joss, S., Adapting adaptation: the English eco-town initiative as governance process. Ecol. Soc., 19(2), 2014, 20.
66. VPRO, Ecomania in China, Documentary Broadcast 20 April 2014. 2014 http://tegenlicht.vpro.nl/biografieen/p/eero-paloheimo.html (accessed 29.09.15).
67. Wu, F.L., China's eco-cities. Geoforum 43 (2012), 169–171.
68. Wu, F.L., Planning for Growth: Urban and Regional Planning in China. 2015, Routledge, New York/London.
69. Xu, J., Environmental discourses in China's urban planning system: a scaled discourse – analytical perspective. Urban Stud., 2015, 1–23.
70. Yigitcanlar, T., Lee, S.H., Korean ubiquitous-eco-city: a smart-sustainable urban form or a branding hoax?. Technol. Forecast. Soc. 89 (2014), 100–114.
71. Yin, Y., Environmental Integration in Sustainable Urban Planning from An Institutional Perspective: A Study of Swedish and Chinese Eco-city Development. 2014, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.
72. Yu, L., Low carbon eco-city: new approach for Chinese urbanisation. Habitat Int. 44 (2014), 102–110.
73. Yu, L., Chinese City and Regional Planning Systems. 2014, Ashgate, London.
74. Yu, C., Dijkema, G.J., De Jong, M., Shi, H., From an eco-industrial park towards an eco-city: a case study in Suzhou, China. J. Clean. Prod. 102 (2015), 264–274.
75. Zheng, H., De Jong, M., Koppenjan, J., Applying policy network theory to policy-making in China: the case of urban health insurance reform. Public Admin 88 (2010), 398–417.
76. Zheng, H., Wang, X., Cao, S.X., The land finance model jeopardizes China's sustainable development. Habitat Int. 44 (2014), 130–136.
77. Zhou, G., Liu, H., Yin, Y., Frostell, B., Towards low carbon cities in China: integrating greenhouse gas management in urban planning. Paper Presented at the 20th Annual International Sustainable Development Research Conference: Resilience – The New Research Frontier, Trondheim, Norway, 2014.
78. Zhu, J.M., Local growth coalition: the context and implications of China's gradualist urban land reforms. Int. J. Urban Reg. 23 (1999), 534–548.