메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 213, Issue , 2016, Pages 327-332

Fast hydrothermal liquefaction for production of chemicals and biofuels from wet biomass – The need to develop a plug-flow reactor

Author keywords

Biomass liquefaction; Direct liquefaction; HTL; Hydrothermal liquefaction

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS; MASS TRANSFER;

EID: 84964335747     PISSN: 09608524     EISSN: 18732976     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (74)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 78651098927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review on process conditions for optimum bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass
    • Akhtar, J., Amin, N.A.S., A review on process conditions for optimum bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 15:3 (2011), 1615–1624.
    • (2011) Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 1615-1624
    • Akhtar, J.1    Amin, N.A.S.2
  • 2
    • 79951959958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal liquefaction of the brown macro-alga Laminaria Saccharina: effect of reaction conditions on product distribution and composition
    • Anastasakis, K., Ross, A.B., Hydrothermal liquefaction of the brown macro-alga Laminaria Saccharina: effect of reaction conditions on product distribution and composition. Bioresour. Technol. 102:7 (2011), 4876–4883.
    • (2011) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.102 , Issue.7 , pp. 4876-4883
    • Anastasakis, K.1    Ross, A.B.2
  • 3
    • 84913425878 scopus 로고
    • The dielectric constant of water and Debye Hückel limiting law slopes
    • Archer, D.G., Wang, P., The dielectric constant of water and Debye Hückel limiting law slopes. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 19:2 (1990), 371–411.
    • (1990) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 371-411
    • Archer, D.G.1    Wang, P.2
  • 4
    • 84888354568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative assessment of wet torrefaction
    • Bach, Q.V., Tran, K.-Q., et al. A comparative assessment of wet torrefaction. Energy Fuels 27:11 (2013), 6743–6753.
    • (2013) Energy Fuels , vol.27 , Issue.11 , pp. 6743-6753
    • Bach, Q.V.1    Tran, K.-Q.2
  • 5
    • 84920656011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of a Norwegian macro-alga: screening tests
    • Bach, Q.-V., Sillero, M.V., et al. Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of a Norwegian macro-alga: screening tests. Algal Res. 6:Part B (2014), 271–276.
    • (2014) Algal Res. , vol.6 , pp. 271-276
    • Bach, Q.-V.1    Sillero, M.V.2
  • 6
    • 84906824678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of wet torrefaction on reactivity and kinetics of wood under air combustion conditions
    • Bach, Q.-V., Tran, K.-Q., et al. Effects of wet torrefaction on reactivity and kinetics of wood under air combustion conditions. Fuel 137 (2014), 375–383.
    • (2014) Fuel , vol.137 , pp. 375-383
    • Bach, Q.-V.1    Tran, K.-Q.2
  • 7
    • 84892734728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algal biomass and case study on toxicity of aluminum as a step toward effluents recycling
    • Bagnoud-Velásquez, M., Brandenberger, M., et al. Continuous catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algal biomass and case study on toxicity of aluminum as a step toward effluents recycling. Catal. Today 223 (2014), 35–43.
    • (2014) Catal. Today , vol.223 , pp. 35-43
    • Bagnoud-Velásquez, M.1    Brandenberger, M.2
  • 8
    • 84888168298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review and Assessment of Commercial Vendors/Options for Feeding and Pumping Biomass Slurries for Hydrothermal Liquefaction
    • Berglin, E.J., Enderlin, C.W., et al. Review and Assessment of Commercial Vendors/Options for Feeding and Pumping Biomass Slurries for Hydrothermal Liquefaction. 2012.
    • (2012)
    • Berglin, E.J.1    Enderlin, C.W.2
  • 9
    • 84898029231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of heating rate on biomass liquefaction: differences between subcritical water and supercritical ethanol
    • Brand, S., Hardi, F., et al. Effect of heating rate on biomass liquefaction: differences between subcritical water and supercritical ethanol. Energy 68 (2014), 420–427.
    • (2014) Energy , vol.68 , pp. 420-427
    • Brand, S.1    Hardi, F.2
  • 10
    • 9944225165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of biomass gasification in supercritical water process for hydrogen production
    • Calzavara, Y., Joussot-Dubien, C., et al. Evaluation of biomass gasification in supercritical water process for hydrogen production. Energy Convers. Manage. 46:4 (2005), 615–631.
    • (2005) Energy Convers. Manage. , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 615-631
    • Calzavara, Y.1    Joussot-Dubien, C.2
  • 11
    • 84862183064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal carbonization of sugarcane bagasse via wet torrefaction in association with microwave heating
    • Chen, W.-H., Ye, S.-C., et al. Hydrothermal carbonization of sugarcane bagasse via wet torrefaction in association with microwave heating. Bioresour. Technol. 118 (2012), 195–203.
    • (2012) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.118 , pp. 195-203
    • Chen, W.-H.1    Ye, S.-C.2
  • 12
    • 84901000375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrolysis of dilute acid-pretreated cellulose under mild hydrothermal conditions
    • Chimentão, R.J., Lorente, E., et al. Hydrolysis of dilute acid-pretreated cellulose under mild hydrothermal conditions. Carbohydr. Polym. 111 (2014), 116–124.
    • (2014) Carbohydr. Polym. , vol.111 , pp. 116-124
    • Chimentão, R.J.1    Lorente, E.2
  • 13
    • 80051595547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels and Chemicals
    • Royal Society of Chemistry pp. 192
    • Crocker, M., Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels and Chemicals. 2010, Royal Society of Chemistry pp. 192.
    • (2010)
    • Crocker, M.1
  • 14
    • 84938823531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pretreatment methods to obtain pumpable high solid loading wood–water slurries for continuous hydrothermal liquefaction systems
    • Dãrãban, I.M., Rosendahl, L.A., et al. Pretreatment methods to obtain pumpable high solid loading wood–water slurries for continuous hydrothermal liquefaction systems. Biomass Bioenergy 81 (2015), 437–443.
    • (2015) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.81 , pp. 437-443
    • Dãrãban, I.M.1    Rosendahl, L.A.2
  • 15
    • 84888291400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process development for hydrothermal liquefaction of algae feedstocks in a continuous-flow reactor
    • Elliott, D.C., Hart, T.R., et al. Process development for hydrothermal liquefaction of algae feedstocks in a continuous-flow reactor. Algal Res. 2:4 (2013), 445–454.
    • (2013) Algal Res. , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 445-454
    • Elliott, D.C.1    Hart, T.R.2
  • 16
    • 84920159268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: developments from batch to continuous process
    • Elliott, D.C., Biller, P., et al. Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: developments from batch to continuous process. Bioresour. Technol. 178 (2015), 147–156.
    • (2015) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.178 , pp. 147-156
    • Elliott, D.C.1    Biller, P.2
  • 17
    • 84896846755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle assessment of bio-jet fuel from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae
    • Fortier, M.-O.P., Roberts, G.W., et al. Life cycle assessment of bio-jet fuel from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae. Appl. Energy 122 (2014), 73–82.
    • (2014) Appl. Energy , vol.122 , pp. 73-82
    • Fortier, M.-O.P.1    Roberts, G.W.2
  • 19
    • 84947468921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Firm Acquires Carthage RES Plant
    • Available from:
    • Hacker, J., Canadian Firm Acquires Carthage RES Plant. 2013 Available from: http://www.carthagepress.com/article/20130416/NEWS/130419181/1001/NEWS.
    • (2013)
    • Hacker, J.1
  • 20
    • 70350436325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheological study of comingled biomass and coal slurries with hydrothermal pretreatment
    • He, W., Park, C.S., et al. Rheological study of comingled biomass and coal slurries with hydrothermal pretreatment. Energy Fuels 23:10 (2009), 4763–4767.
    • (2009) Energy Fuels , vol.23 , Issue.10 , pp. 4763-4767
    • He, W.1    Park, C.S.2
  • 21
    • 77954862186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal carbonization of microalgae
    • Heilmann, S.M., Davis, H.T., et al. Hydrothermal carbonization of microalgae. Biomass Bioenergy 34:6 (2010), 875–882.
    • (2010) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 875-882
    • Heilmann, S.M.1    Davis, H.T.2
  • 22
    • 0036396051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation in a chemical reaction process using a supercritical water microreaction system: environmentally friendly production of ε-caprolactam
    • Ikushima, Y., Hatakeda, K., et al. Innovation in a chemical reaction process using a supercritical water microreaction system: environmentally friendly production of ε-caprolactam. Chem. Commun. 19 (2002), 2208–2209.
    • (2002) Chem. Commun. , vol.19 , pp. 2208-2209
    • Ikushima, Y.1    Hatakeda, K.2
  • 23
    • 84889659444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts
    • Springer
    • James, W.L., Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts. 2012 Springer.
    • (2012)
    • James, W.L.1
  • 24
    • 84924754457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-stage hydrothermal liquefaction of a high-protein microalga
    • Jazrawi, C., Biller, P., et al. Two-stage hydrothermal liquefaction of a high-protein microalga. Algal Res. 8 (2015), 15–22.
    • (2015) Algal Res. , vol.8 , pp. 15-22
    • Jazrawi, C.1    Biller, P.2
  • 25
    • 84898876962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of reducing sugar from Enteromorpha intestinalis by hydrothermal and enzymatic hydrolysis
    • Kim, D.-H., Lee, S.-B., et al. Production of reducing sugar from Enteromorpha intestinalis by hydrothermal and enzymatic hydrolysis. Bioresour. Technol. 161 (2014), 348–353.
    • (2014) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.161 , pp. 348-353
    • Kim, D.-H.1    Lee, S.-B.2
  • 27
    • 84878837751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal conversion of biomass to fuels and energetic materials
    • Kruse, A., Funke, A., et al. Hydrothermal conversion of biomass to fuels and energetic materials. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 17:3 (2013), 515–521.
    • (2013) Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 515-521
    • Kruse, A.1    Funke, A.2
  • 28
    • 84899804099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insight into the effect of hydrogenation on efficiency of hydrothermal liquefaction and physico-chemical properties of biocrude oil
    • Li, H., Hu, J., et al. Insight into the effect of hydrogenation on efficiency of hydrothermal liquefaction and physico-chemical properties of biocrude oil. Bioresour. Technol. 163 (2014), 143–151.
    • (2014) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.163 , pp. 143-151
    • Li, H.1    Hu, J.2
  • 29
    • 84892458806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion efficiency and oil quality of low-lipid high-protein and high-lipid low-protein microalgae via hydrothermal liquefaction
    • Li, H., Liu, Z., et al. Conversion efficiency and oil quality of low-lipid high-protein and high-lipid low-protein microalgae via hydrothermal liquefaction. Bioresour. Technol. 154 (2014), 322–329.
    • (2014) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.154 , pp. 322-329
    • Li, H.1    Liu, Z.2
  • 30
    • 79959622869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis
    • Libra, J.A., Ro, K.S., et al. Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis. Biofuels 2:1 (2011), 71–106.
    • (2011) Biofuels , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-106
    • Libra, J.A.1    Ro, K.S.2
  • 31
    • 84884163650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot-scale data provide enhanced estimates of the life cycle energy and emissions profile of algae biofuels produced via hydrothermal liquefaction
    • Liu, X., Saydah, B., et al. Pilot-scale data provide enhanced estimates of the life cycle energy and emissions profile of algae biofuels produced via hydrothermal liquefaction. Bioresour. Technol. 148 (2013), 163–171.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.148 , pp. 163-171
    • Liu, X.1    Saydah, B.2
  • 32
    • 72049112042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corrosion control methods in supercritical water oxidation and gasification processes
    • Marrone, P.A., Hong, G.T., Corrosion control methods in supercritical water oxidation and gasification processes. J. Supercritical Fluids 51:2 (2009), 83–103.
    • (2009) J. Supercritical Fluids , vol.51 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-103
    • Marrone, P.A.1    Hong, G.T.2
  • 33
    • 24344506546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomass gasification in near- and super-critical water: Status and prospects
    • Matsumura, Y., Minowa, T., et al. Biomass gasification in near- and super-critical water: Status and prospects. Biomass Bioenergy 29:4 (2005), 269–292.
    • (2005) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 269-292
    • Matsumura, Y.1    Minowa, T.2
  • 34
    • 0002296351 scopus 로고
    • Gasification and liquefaction of forest products in supercritical water
    • Elsevier Amsterdam
    • Modell, M., Gasification and liquefaction of forest products in supercritical water. Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1985, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 95–119.
    • (1985) Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion , pp. 95-119
    • Modell, M.1
  • 35
    • 0003665783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics
    • Wiley
    • Moran, M.J., Shapiro, H.N., Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics. 2011, Wiley.
    • (2011)
    • Moran, M.J.1    Shapiro, H.N.2
  • 36
    • 84892847901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biocrude yield and productivity from the hydrothermal liquefaction of marine and freshwater green macroalgae
    • Neveux, N., Yuen, A.K.L., et al. Biocrude yield and productivity from the hydrothermal liquefaction of marine and freshwater green macroalgae. Bioresour. Technol. 155 (2014), 334–341.
    • (2014) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.155 , pp. 334-341
    • Neveux, N.1    Yuen, A.K.L.2
  • 37
    • 84868258077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algae for hydrogen production: composition of reaction products and potential for nutrient recycling
    • Onwudili, J.A., Lea-Langton, A.R., et al. Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of algae for hydrogen production: composition of reaction products and potential for nutrient recycling. Bioresour. Technol. 127 (2013), 72–80.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.127 , pp. 72-80
    • Onwudili, J.A.1    Lea-Langton, A.R.2
  • 38
    • 77955666233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: a review of sub- and supercritical water technologies
    • Peterson, A.A., Vogel, F., et al. Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: a review of sub- and supercritical water technologies. Energy Environ. Sci. 1:1 (2008), 32–65.
    • (2008) Energy Environ. Sci. , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-65
    • Peterson, A.A.1    Vogel, F.2
  • 39
    • 84885079982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hydrothermal liquefaction on the fate of bioactive contaminants in manure and algal feedstocks
    • Pham, M., Schideman, L., et al. Effects of hydrothermal liquefaction on the fate of bioactive contaminants in manure and algal feedstocks. Bioresour. Technol. 149 (2013), 126–135.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.149 , pp. 126-135
    • Pham, M.1    Schideman, L.2
  • 40
    • 84937919877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single- and two-step hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in a semi-continuous reactor: effect of the operating parameters
    • Prapaiwatcharapan, K., Sunphorka, S., et al. Single- and two-step hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae in a semi-continuous reactor: effect of the operating parameters. Bioresour. Technol. 191 (2015), 426–432.
    • (2015) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.191 , pp. 426-432
    • Prapaiwatcharapan, K.1    Sunphorka, S.2
  • 41
    • 84863110511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated biohydrogen refinery: synergy of photofermentation, extractive fermentation and hydrothermal hydrolysis of food wastes
    • Redwood, M.D., Orozco, R.L., et al. An integrated biohydrogen refinery: synergy of photofermentation, extractive fermentation and hydrothermal hydrolysis of food wastes. Bioresour. Technol. 119 (2012), 384–392.
    • (2012) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.119 , pp. 384-392
    • Redwood, M.D.1    Orozco, R.L.2
  • 42
    • 84877353506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction kinetics of hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine
    • Reza, M.T., Yan, W., et al. Reaction kinetics of hydrothermal carbonization of loblolly pine. Bioresour. Technol. 139 (2013), 161–169.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.139 , pp. 161-169
    • Reza, M.T.1    Yan, W.2
  • 43
    • 0020277498 scopus 로고
    • Direct liquefaction of biomass: results from operation of continuous bench-scale unit in liquefaction of water slurries of Douglas fir wood
    • Schaleger, L.L., Figueroa, C., et al. Direct liquefaction of biomass: results from operation of continuous bench-scale unit in liquefaction of water slurries of Douglas fir wood. Biotechnology Bioengineering Symposium, 1982.
    • (1982) Biotechnology Bioengineering Symposium
    • Schaleger, L.L.1    Figueroa, C.2
  • 44
    • 79959976475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal conversion of seaweeds in a batch autoclave
    • Schumacher, M., Yanık, J., et al. Hydrothermal conversion of seaweeds in a batch autoclave. J. Supercritical Fluids 58:1 (2011), 131–135.
    • (2011) J. Supercritical Fluids , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-135
    • Schumacher, M.1    Yanık, J.2
  • 45
    • 84923177649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of solvent on the hydrothermal liquefaction of macro algae Ulva fasciata
    • Singh, R., Bhaskar, T., et al. Effect of solvent on the hydrothermal liquefaction of macro algae Ulva fasciata. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 93 (2015), 154–160.
    • (2015) Process Saf. Environ. Prot. , vol.93 , pp. 154-160
    • Singh, R.1    Bhaskar, T.2
  • 46
    • 84906685957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of hydrothermal biomass processing
    • Tekin, K., Karagöz, S., et al. A review of hydrothermal biomass processing. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 40 (2014), 673–687.
    • (2014) Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. , vol.40 , pp. 673-687
    • Tekin, K.1    Karagöz, S.2
  • 47
    • 84979859897 scopus 로고
    • Final Report: An Investigation of Liquefaction of Wood at the Biomass Liquefaction Facility, Albany, Oregon, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories
    • Department of Energy, Wheelabrator Clean Fuel Corporation
    • Thigpen, P.L., Final Report: An Investigation of Liquefaction of Wood at the Biomass Liquefaction Facility, Albany, Oregon, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. 1982, Department of Energy, Wheelabrator Clean Fuel Corporation.
    • (1982)
    • Thigpen, P.L.1
  • 48
    • 84905034327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal liquefaction for algal biorefinery: a critical review
    • Tian, C., Li, B., et al. Hydrothermal liquefaction for algal biorefinery: a critical review. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 38 (2014), 933–950.
    • (2014) Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. , vol.38 , pp. 933-950
    • Tian, C.1    Li, B.2
  • 49
    • 84873119602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina and Nannochloropsis salina under subcritical and supercritical water conditions
    • Toor, S.S., Reddy, H., et al. Hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina and Nannochloropsis salina under subcritical and supercritical water conditions. Bioresour. Technol. 131 (2013), 413–419.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.131 , pp. 413-419
    • Toor, S.S.1    Reddy, H.2
  • 50
    • 84866752744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microwave-assisted hydrothermal hydrolysis of cellobiose and effects of additions of halide salts
    • Tsubaki, S., Oono, K., et al. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal hydrolysis of cellobiose and effects of additions of halide salts. Bioresour. Technol. 123 (2012), 703–706.
    • (2012) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.123 , pp. 703-706
    • Tsubaki, S.1    Oono, K.2
  • 51
    • 84899684827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general kinetic model for the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae
    • Valdez, P.J., Tocco, V.J., et al. A general kinetic model for the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae. Bioresour. Technol. 163 (2014), 123–127.
    • (2014) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.163 , pp. 123-127
    • Valdez, P.J.1    Tocco, V.J.2
  • 52
    • 79960848580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical properties of biocrude oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina algae, swine manure, and digested anaerobic sludge
    • Vardon, D.R., Sharma, B.K., et al. Chemical properties of biocrude oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina algae, swine manure, and digested anaerobic sludge. Bioresour. Technol. 102:17 (2011), 8295–8303.
    • (2011) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.102 , Issue.17 , pp. 8295-8303
    • Vardon, D.R.1    Sharma, B.K.2
  • 53
    • 84899977337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A national-scale comparison of resource and nutrient demands for algae-based biofuel production by lipid extraction and hydrothermal liquefaction
    • Venteris, E.R., Skaggs, R.L., et al. A national-scale comparison of resource and nutrient demands for algae-based biofuel production by lipid extraction and hydrothermal liquefaction. Biomass Bioenergy 64 (2014), 276–290.
    • (2014) Biomass Bioenergy , vol.64 , pp. 276-290
    • Venteris, E.R.1    Skaggs, R.L.2
  • 54
    • 84876386742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of coke during the pyrolysis of bio-oil
    • Wang, Y., Mourant, D., et al. Formation of coke during the pyrolysis of bio-oil. Fuel 108 (2013), 439–444.
    • (2013) Fuel , vol.108 , pp. 439-444
    • Wang, Y.1    Mourant, D.2
  • 56
    • 0030130907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion of cotton plant and cotton gin residues to fuels by the extruder feeder liquefaction process
    • White, D.H., Coates, W.E., et al. Conversion of cotton plant and cotton gin residues to fuels by the extruder feeder liquefaction process. Bioresour. Technol. 56:1 (1996), 117–123.
    • (1996) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 117-123
    • White, D.H.1    Coates, W.E.2
  • 57
    • 84876716528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of Tamarix ramosissima: Evaluation of the process as a conversion method in a biorefinery concept
    • Xiao, L.-P., Shi, Z.-J., et al. Hydrothermal treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of Tamarix ramosissima: Evaluation of the process as a conversion method in a biorefinery concept. Bioresour. Technol. 135 (2013), 73–81.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.135 , pp. 73-81
    • Xiao, L.-P.1    Shi, Z.-J.2
  • 58
    • 58549104359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermochemical liquefaction of high-diversity grassland perennials
    • Zhang, B., von Keitz, M., et al. Thermochemical liquefaction of high-diversity grassland perennials. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 84:1 (2009), 18–24.
    • (2009) J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis , vol.84 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-24
    • Zhang, B.1    von Keitz, M.2
  • 59
    • 84874427273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in sub- and supercritical ethanol with heterogeneous catalysts
    • Zhang, J., Chen, W.-T., et al. Hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in sub- and supercritical ethanol with heterogeneous catalysts. Bioresour. Technol. 133 (2013), 389–397.
    • (2013) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.133 , pp. 389-397
    • Zhang, J.1    Chen, W.-T.2
  • 60
    • 77954787308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera to Bio-oil
    • Zhou, D., Zhang, L., et al. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera to Bio-oil. Energy Fuels 24:7 (2010), 4054–4061.
    • (2010) Energy Fuels , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 4054-4061
    • Zhou, D.1    Zhang, L.2
  • 61
    • 84888296421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of hydrothermal liquefaction and upgrading technologies for lipid-extracted algae conversion to liquid fuels
    • Zhu, Y., Albrecht, K.O., et al. Development of hydrothermal liquefaction and upgrading technologies for lipid-extracted algae conversion to liquid fuels. Algal Res. 2:4 (2013), 455–464.
    • (2013) Algal Res. , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 455-464
    • Zhu, Y.1    Albrecht, K.O.2
  • 62
    • 84902511086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Techno-economic analysis of liquid fuel production from woody biomass via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and upgrading
    • Zhu, Y., Biddy, M.J., et al. Techno-economic analysis of liquid fuel production from woody biomass via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and upgrading. Appl. Energy 129 (2014), 384–394.
    • (2014) Appl. Energy , vol.129 , pp. 384-394
    • Zhu, Y.1    Biddy, M.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.