Is vulnerability to cardiometabolic disease in Indians mediated by abdominal adiposity or higher body adiposity

BMC Public Health

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Kuper, Hannah ^a   Taylor, Amy ^b   Krishna, Kankipati Vijay Radha ^c   Ben Shlomo, Yoav ^b   Gupta, Ruby ^d   Kulkarni, Bharati ^c   Prabhakaran, Dorairaj ^d   Smith, George Davey ^b   Wells, Jonathan ^e   Ebrahim, Shah ^a   Kinra, Sanjay ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NUTRITION   (India)

^d Centre for chronic disease control (CoE CARRS)   (India)

^e UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adiposity; Cardiometabolic; Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Dual energy X ray absorptiometry; Hypertension; India

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ANALYSIS; ANTHROPOMETRY; BLOOD; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHILD; CHILD WELFARE; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INDIA; INTRAABDOMINAL FAT; MALE; OBESITY; OBESITY, ABDOMINAL; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON; ADIPOSITY; ANTHROPOMETRY; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHILD; CHILD WELFARE; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIA; INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT; MALE; OBESITY, ABDOMINAL; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; TRIGLYCERIDES; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 84964312997     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712458     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1239     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lu Y, Singh GM, Cowan MJ, Paciorek CJ, Lin JK, Farzadfar F, Khang YH, Stevens GA, Rao M, Ali MK, Riley LM, Robinson CA, Ezzati M: National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants. Lancet 2011, 378(9785):31-40.
2. Agrawal S, Ebrahim S: Prevalence and risk factors for self-reported diabetes among adult men and women in India: findings from a national cross-sectional survey. Public Health Nutr 2012, 15(6):1065-1077.
3. Ramachandran A, Ma RC, Snehalatha C: Diabetes in Asia. Lancet 2010, 375(9712):408-418.
4. Patel V, Chatterji S, Chisholm D, Ebrahim S, Gopalakrishna G, Mathers C, Mohan V, Prabhakaran D, Ravindran RD, Reddy KS: Chronic diseases and injuries in India. Lancet 2011, 377(9763):413-428.
5. Ramachandran A, Mary S, Yamuna A, Murugesan N, Snehalatha C: High prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors associated with urbanization in India. Diabetes Care 2008, 31(5):893-898.
6. Ebrahim S, Kinra S, Bowen L, Andersen E, Ben-Shlomo Y, Lyngdoh T, Ramakrishnan L, Ahuja RC, Joshi P, Das SM, Mohan M, Davey Smith G, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Indian Migration Study group: The effect of rural-to-urban migration on obesity and diabetes in India: a cross-sectional study. PLoS Med 2010, 7(4):e1000268.
7. Bowen L, Ebrahim S, De Stavola B, Ness A, Kinra S, Bharathi AV, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS: Dietary intake and rural-urban migration in India: a crosssectional study. PLoS One 2011, 6(6):e14822.
8. Sullivan R, Kinra S, Ekelund U, Bharathi AV, Vaz M, Kurpad A, Collier T, Reddy KS, Prabhakaran D, Ben-Shlomo Y, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S, Kuper H: Socio-demographic patterning of physical activity across migrant groups in India: results from the Indian Migration Study. PLoS One 2011, 6(10):e24898.
9. Yoon KH, Lee JH, Kim JW, Cho JH, Choi YH, Ko SH, Zimmet P, Son HY: Epidemic obesity and type 2 diabetes in Asia. Lancet 2006, 368(9548):1681-1688.
10. Huxley R, James WP, Barzi F, Patel JV, Lear SA, Suriyawongpaisal P, Janus E, Caterson I, Zimmet P, Prabhakaran D, Reddy S, Woodward M, Obesity in Asia Collaboration: Ethnic comparisons of the cross-sectional relationships between measures of body size with diabetes and hypertension. Obes Rev 2008, 9(Suppl 1):53-61.
11. Lee JW, Brancati FL, Yeh HC: Trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Asians versus whites: results from the United States National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2008. Diabetes Care 2011, 34(2):353-357.
12. Raji A, Gerhard-Herman MD, Warren M, Silverman SG, Raptopoulos V, Mantzoros CS, Simonson DC: Insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction in nondiabetic Asian Indians. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89(8):3965-3972.
13. Chandalia M, Abate N, Garg A, Stray-Gundersen J, Grundy SM: Relationship between generalized and upper body obesity to insulin resistance in Asian Indian men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999, 84(7):2329-2335.
14. Raji A, Seely EW, Arky RA, Simonson DC: Body fat distribution and insulin resistance in healthy Asian Indians and Caucasians. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86(11):5366-5371.
15. Misra A, Vikram NK, Arya S, Pandey RM, Dhingra V, Chatterjee A, Dwivedi M, Sharma R, Luthra K, Guleria R, Talwar KK: High prevalence of insulin resistance in postpubertal Asian Indian children is associated with adverse truncal body fat patterning, abdominal adiposity and excess body fat. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004, 28(10):1217-1226.
16. Forouhi NG: Ethnicity and The Metabolic Syndrome. In The Metabolic Syndrome. Edited by Byrne CD, Wild SH. London: John Wiley and Sons; 2005.
17. Bhat DS, Yajnik CS, Sayyad MG, Raut KN, Lubree HG, Rege SS, Chougule SD, Shetty PS, Yudkin JS, Kurpad AV: Body fat measurement in Indian men: comparison of three methods based on a two-compartment model. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005, 29(7):842-848.
18. Yajnik CS, Lubree HG, Rege SS, Naik SS, Deshpande JA, Deshpande SS, Joglekar CV, Yudkin JS: Adiposity and hyperinsulinemia in Indians are present at birth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002, 87(12):5575-5580.
19. Banerji MA, Faridi N, Atluri R, Chaiken RL, Lebovitz HE: Body composition, visceral fat, leptin, and insulin resistance in Asian Indian men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999, 84(1):137-144.
20. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R: Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2004, 79(3):379-384.
21. Canoy D, Boekholdt SM, Wareham N, Luben R, Welch A, Bingham S, Buchan I, Day N, Khaw KT: Body fat distribution and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into cancer and nutrition in Norfolk cohort: a population-based prospective study. Circulation 2007, 116(25):2933-2943.
22. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Bautista L, Franzosi MG, Commerford P, Lang CC, Rumboldt Z, Onen CL, Lisheng L, Tanomsup S, Wangai P Jr, Razak F, Sharma AM, Anand SS, INTERHEART Study Investigators: Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27,000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study. Lancet 2005, 366(9497):1640-1649.
23. Chan JC, Malik V, Jia W, Kadowaki T, Yajnik CS, Yoon KH, Hu FB: Diabetes in Asia: epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology. JAMA 2009, 301(20):2129-2140.
24. Gupta V, Vinay DG, Rafiq S, Kranthikumar MV, Janipalli CS, Giambartolomei C, Evans DM, Mani KR, Sandeep MN, Taylor AE, Kinra S, Sullivan RM, Bowen L, Timpson NJ, Smith GD, Dudbridge F, Prabhakaran D, Ben-Shlomo Y, Reddy KS, Ebrahim S, Chandak GR, ndian Migration Study Group: Association analysis of 31 common polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes and its related traits in Indian sib pairs. Diabetologia 2012, 55(2):349-357.
25. Taylor AE, Sandeep MN, Janipalli CS, Giambartolomei C, Evans DM, Kranthi Kumar MV, Vinay DG, Smitha P, Gupta V, Aruna M, Kinra S, Sullivan RM, Bowen L, Timpson NJ, Davey Smith G, Dudbridge F, Prabhakaran D, Ben-Shlomo Y, Reddy KS, Ebrahim S, Chandak GR: Associations of FTO and MC4R variants with obesity traits in Indians and the role of rural/urban environment as a possible effect modifier. J Obes 2011, 2011:307542.
26. Rafiq S, Venkata KKM, Gupta V, Vinay DG, Spurgeon CJ, Parameshwaran S, Madana SN, Kinra S, Bowen L, Timpson NJ, Smith GD, Dudbridge F, Prabhakaran D, Ben-Shlomo Y, Reddy KS, Ebrahim S, Chandak GR, Indian Migration Study Group: Evaluation of seven common lipid associated loci in a large Indian sib pair study. Lipids Health Dis 2012, 11:155.
27. Tabassum R, Chauhan G, Dwivedi OP, Mahajan A, Jaiswal A, Kaur I, Bandesh K, Singh T, Mathai BJ, Pandey Y, Chidambaram M, Sharma A, Chavali S, Sengupta S, Ramakrishnan L, Venkatesh P, Aggarwal SK, Ghosh S, Prabhakaran D, Srinath RK, Saxena M, Banerjee M, Mathur S, Bhansali A, Shah VN, Madhu SV, Marwaha RK, Basu A, Scaria V, McCarthy MI: Genome-wide association study for type 2 diabetes in Indians identifies a new susceptibility locus at 2q21. Diabetes 2013, 62(3):977-986.
28. Kooner JS, Saleheen D, Sim X, Sehmi J, Zhang W, Frossard P, Been LF, Chia K-S, Dimas AS, Hassanali N, Jafar T, Jowett JB, Li X, Radha V, Rees SD, Takeuchi F, Young R, Aung T, Basit A, Chidambaram M, Das D, Grundberg E, Hedman AK, Hydrie ZI, Islam M, Khor CC, Kowlessur S, Kristensen MM, Liju S, Lim WY, et al: Genome-wide association study in individuals of South Asian ancestry identifies six new type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci. Nat Genet 2011, 43(10):984-989.
29. Holliday EG: Hints of unique genetic effects for type 2 diabetes in India. Diabetes 2013, 62(5):1369-1370.
30. Wells JC, Fewtrell MS: Measuring body composition. Arch Dis Child 2006, 91(7):612-617.
31. Kinra S, Radhakrishna KV, Kuper H, Rameshwar Sarma K, Prabhakaran P, Gupta V, Walia G, Bhogadi S, Kulkarni B, Kumar A, Aggarwal A, Gupta R, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Davey Smith G, Ben-Shlomo Y, Ebrahim S: Cohort Profile: Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study (APCAPS). Int J Epidemiol 2013, 43(5):1417-1424.
32. Kinra S, Rameshwar Sarma KV, Ghafoorunissa, Mendu VV, Ravikumar R, Mohan V, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR, Davey Smith G, Ben-Shlomo Y: Effect of integration of supplemental nutrition with public health programmes in pregnancy and early childhood on cardiovascular risk in rural Indian adolescents: long term follow-up of Hyderabad nutrition trial. BMJ 2008, 337:a605.
33. Durnin JV, Womersley J: Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr 1974, 32(1):77-97.
34. Alberti KGMM, Zimmet PZ, Consultation W: Definition, Diagnosis, and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Report of a WHO Consultation. Part 1: Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. In Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.
35. Levy JC, Matthews DR, Hermans MP: Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program. Diabetes Care 1998, 21(12):2191-2192.
36. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ORC Macro: National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), 1998-99. In Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences; 2000.
37. Wiklund P, Toss F, Jansson JH, Eliasson M, Hallmans G, Nordstrom A, Franks PW, Nordstrom P: Abdominal and gynoid adipose distribution and incident myocardial infarction in women and men. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010, 34(12):1752-1758.
38. Sun Q, van Dam RM, Spiegelman D, Heymsfield SB, Willett WC, Hu FB: Comparison of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric and anthropometric measures of adiposity in relation to adiposity-related biologic factors. Am J Epidemiol 2010, 172(12):1442-1454.
39. Ito H, Nakasuga K, Ohshima A, Maruyama T, Kaji Y, Harada M, Fukunaga M, Jingu S, Sakamoto M: Detection of cardiovascular risk factors by indices of obesity obtained from anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Japanese individuals. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003, 27(2):232-237.
40. Shen W, Punyanitya M, Chen J, Gallagher D, Albu J, Pi-Sunyer X, Lewis CE, Grunfeld C, Heshka S, Heymsfield SB: Waist circumference correlates with metabolic syndrome indicators better than percentage fat. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006, 14(4):727-736.
41. Lee K, Song YM, Sung J: Which obesity indicators are better predictors of metabolic risk?: healthy twin study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008, 16(4):834-840.
42. Wells JC: Commentary: the paradox of body mass index in obesity assessment: not a good index of adiposity, but not a bad index of cardio-metabolic risk. Int J Epidemiol 2014, 43(3):672-674.
43. Taylor AE, Ebrahim S, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM, Whincup PH, Yarnell JW, Wannamethee SG, Lawlor DA: Comparison of the associations of body mass index and measures of central adiposity and fat mass with coronary heart disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a study using data from 4 UK cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2010, 91(3):547-556.
44. Vazquez G, Duval S, Jacobs DR Jr, Silventoinen K: Comparison of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist/hip ratio in predicting incident diabetes: a meta-analysis. Epidemiol Rev 2007, 29:115-128.
45. Qiao Q, Nyamdorj R: Is the association of type II diabetes with waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio stronger than that with body mass index? Eur J Clin Nutr 2010, 64(1):30-34.
46. Nyamdorj R, Qiao Q, Lam TH, Tuomilehto J, Ho SY, Pitkaniemi J, Nakagami T, Mohan V, Janus ED, Ferreira SR: BMI compared with central obesity indicators in relation to diabetes and hypertension in Asians. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008, 16(7):1622-1635.