The role of NGOs in the process of ensuring compliance with MEAs

Studies on the Law of Treaties

Volumn 2, Issue , 2006, Pages 319-352

  Epiney, Astrid ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FRIBOURG   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84963838288     PISSN: 15749088     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. S. Hobe, "Der Rechtsstatus der Nichtregierungsorganisationen nach gegenwärtigem Völkerrecht", AVR 37 (1999), pp. 152 et seq.
2. G. Pleuger/T. Fitschen, "'Giving greater Opportunities to Civil Society to Contribute to the Goals and Programmes of the United Nations'-Die Vereinten Nationen und die Rolle der Nichtregierungsorganisationen", in: J. A. Frowein et al. (eds.), Verhandeln für den Frieden. Negotiating for Peace, Liber Amicorum Tono Eitel, (2003), pp. 193 et seq. (196).
3. F. Yamin, "NGOs and International Environmental Law: A Critical Evaluation of their Roles and Responsibilities", RECIEL 10 (2001), pp. 149 et seq.
4. P. Bombay, "The Role of NGOs in Shaping Community Positions in International Environmental Fora", RECIEL 10 (2001), pp. 163 et seq.
5. S. Riedinger, Die Rolle nichtstaatlicher Organisationen bei der Entwicklung und Durchsetzung internationalen Umweltrechts, (2001), pp. 50 et seq.
6. D. Grimeaud, "Le droit international et la participation des organisations non gouvernementales à l'élaboration du droit de l'environnement: Une participation en voie de formalisation?", in: M. Pâques/M. Faure (eds), La protection de l'environnement au coeur du système juridique international et du droit interne, (2003), pp. 87 et seq. (137 et seq.)
7. V. Röben, "Institutions of International Environmental Law", in: F. L. Morrison/ R. Wolfrum (eds), International, Regional and National Environmental Law, (2000), pp. 71 et seq. (107 et seq.).
8. S. Oberthür/M. Buck/S. Müller/S. Pfahl/R. G. Tarasofsky/J. Werksman/A. Palmer, Participation of Non-Governmental Organisations in International Environmental Co-operation: Legal Basis and Practical Experience, (2002), pp. 40 et seq.
9. H. H.-K. Rechenberg, "Non-Governmental Organizations", in: R. Bernhardt (ed.): Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Vol. III, (1997), pp. 612 et seq.
10. P. Sands, Principles of International Environmental Law, 2nd ed., (2003), pp. 112 et seq.
11. P. Birnie/A. Boyle, International Law & The Environment, 2nd ed., (2002), pp. 66 et seq.
12. M. Keck/K. Sikkink, Activists Beyond Borders. Advocacy Networks in International Politics, (1998), pp. 140 et seq.
13. R. Wolfrum, "Means of Ensuring Compliance with and Enforcement of International Environmental Law", RdC 1998, pp. 25 et seq. (56 et seq.)
14. U. Beyerlin/T. Marauhn, Rechtsetzung und Rechtsdurchsetzung im Umweltvölkerrecht nach der Rio-Konferenz, (1997), pp. 76 et seq.
15. M. Bothe, "The Evaluation of Enforcement Mechanisms in International Environmental Law", in: R. Wolfrum (ed.), Enforcing Environmental Standards: Economic Mechanisms as Viable Means?, (1996), pp. 13 et seq.
16. A. Bree, Harmonization of the Dispute Settlement Mechanisms of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements and the World Trade Agreements, (2003), pp. 81 et seq.
17. P. Bombay, The Role of Environmental NGOs in International Environmental Conferences and Agreements: Some Important Features, EELR 10 (2001), pp. 228 et seq.
18. A. Chayes/A. Handler Chayes, The New Sovereignty, (1996), pp. 8 et seq.
19. J. Heep, "From Private to Public: Giving Effect to the 'Debt' Component of Debt-for-Nature Swaps", GYIL 37 (1994), 422 et seq.
20. D. Kloss, Umweltschutz und Schuldentausch. Neue Wege der Umweltschutzfinanzierung am Beispiel lateinamerikanischer Tropenwälder, (1994), pp. 90 et seq.
21. A. M. Pomar Borda, "International Experience with 'Debt-For-Nature Swaps'", in: M. Bothe/P. H. Sand (eds), Environmental Policy. From Regulation to Economic Instruments, (2003), pp. 417 et seq.
22. K. W. Danish, The Promise of National Environmental Funds in Developing Countries, International Environmental Affairs, (1995), pp. 150 et seq.
23. P. H. Sand, "Institution-Building to Assist Compliance with International Environmental Law: Perspectives", ZaöRV 56 (1996), pp. 774 et seq.
24. M. Ehrmann, Erfüllungskontrolle im Umweltvölkerrecht, (2000), especially pp. 389 et seq.
25. C. Pitea, "NGOs in Non-Compliance Mechanisms under Multilateral Environmental Agreements: From Tolerance to Recognition?", in: T. Treves et al. (eds), Civil Society, International Courts and Compliance Bodies, (2004), pp. 205 et seq.
26. S. Oeter, "Inspection in International Law. Monitoring Compliance and the Problem of Implementation in International Law", NYIL 28 (1997), pp. 101 et seq. (152).
27. K. Sachariew, "Promoting Compliance with International Environmental Legal Standards: Reflections on Monitoring and Reporting Mechanisms", YIEL, 2 (1991), pp. 31 et seq.
28. D. König, Durchsetzung internationaler Bestands-und Umweltschutzvorschriften auf Hoher See im Interesse der Staatengemeinschaft, (1990), p. 38.
29. M. Koskeniemi, "Breach of Treaty or Non-Compliance? Reflections on the Enforcement of the Montreal Protocol", YIEL, 3 (1992), pp. 123 et seq. (128 et seq.).
30. U. Beyerlin, "The Role of NGOs in International Environmental Litigation", ZaöRV 61 (2001), pp. 357 et seq.
31. D. Shelton, "The Participation of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Judicial Proceedings", AJIL 88 (1994), pp. 611 et seq.
32. R. Y. Jennings, "The International Court of Justice After Fifty Years", AJIL 89 (1995), pp. 493 et seq. (504).
33. T. A. Mensah, "Dispute Settlement Regime of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea", in: Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, vol. 2 (1998), pp. 307 et seq. (321)
34. A. Boyle, "Dispute Settlement and the Law of the Sea Convention: Problems of Fragmentation and Jurisdiction", ICLQ 46 (1997), pp. 37 et seq. (53).
35. S. Ohlhoff, "Beteiligung von Verbänden in WTO-Streitbeilegungsverfahren. Das Shrimps-Turtle-Verfahren als Wendepunkt?", EuZW 10 (1999), pp. 139 et seq.
36. A. Boyle, "Proliferation of International Jurisdiction and its Implications for the Court", in: D.W. Bowett et al. (eds), The International Court of Justice: Process, Practice and Procedure, (1997), pp. 124 et seq. (125).
37. T. Marauhn, "Towards a Procedural Law of Compliance Control in International Environmental Relations", ZaöRV 56 (1996), pp. 696 et seq. (710).
38. J. Cameron, "Compliance, Citizens and NGOs", in: J. Cameron/J. Werksman/ P. Roderick (eds), Improving Compliance with International Environmental Law, (1996), pp. 29 et seq. (36 et seq.).
39. M. Bothe, Compliance Control Beyond Diplomacy - the Role of Non-Governmental Actors, Environmental Policy and Law, (1997), pp. 293 et seq. (296).
40. J. Martens, "Dabeisein ist noch nicht alles-Die NGOs in den Vereinten Nationen: Akteure, Kritiker, Nutznießer", VN 41 (1993), pp. 168 et seq. (170)
41. K. Hüfner, "Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) im System der Vereinten Nationen", Die Friedenswarte 71 (1996), pp. 115 et seq. (119).
42. S. Wiesner, "Legitimacy and Accountability of NGOs: A Policy-Oriented Perspective", in: W. Heere (ed.), From Government to Governance, (to be published).
43. Wm. C. Muffet, "Environmental Cooperation in North America", in: F. L.Morrison/R. Wolfrum (eds), International, Regional and National Environmental Law, (2000), pp. 505 et seq. (528 et seq.).
44. J. A. Frowein, "Konstitutionalisierung des Völkerrechts", BDGVR 39 (2000), pp. 427 et seq.
45. M. Scheyli, "Der Schutz des Klimas als Prüfstein völkerrechtlicher Konstitutionalisierung?", AVR 40 (2002), pp. 273 et seq.
46. R. R. Churchill/G. Ulfstein, "Autonomous Institutional Arrangements in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Little-Noticed Phenomenon in International Law", AJIL 94 (2000), 623 et seq.
47. A. Rest, "Zur Notwendigkeit eines internationalen Umweltgerichtshofs", in: G. Hafner/G. Loibl/A. Rest/L. Sucharipa-Behrmann/K. Zemanek (eds), Liber amicorum Ignaz Seidl-Hohenveldern, (1998), pp. 575 et seq.
48. M. R. Albus, Zur Notwendigkeit eines Internationalen Umweltgerichtshofs, (2000)
49. A. Rest, "Enhanced Implementation of International Environmental Treaties by Judiciary-Access to Justice in International Environmental Law for Individuals and NGOs: Efficacious Enforcement by the Permanent Court of Arbitration", MqJICEL 1 (2004), pp. 1 et seq. (2-3, 9 et seq.).
50. S. Hobe, "Der Rechtsstatus der Nichtregierungsorganisationen nach gegenwärtigem Völkerrecht", ArchVR 37 (1999), pp. 152 et seq.
51. R. Wolfrum, "International Environmental Law: Purposes, Principles and Means of Ensuring Compliance", in: F. L. Morrison/R. Wolfrum (eds), International, Regional and National Environmental Law, (2000), pp. 3 et seq. (4).
52. R. Schmidt/W. Kahl, "Umweltschutz und Handel", in: H.-W. Rengeling (ed.), Handbuch zum europäischen und deutschen Umweltrecht (EUDUR), Vol. II/2, 2nd ed., (2003), § 89 para. 158.
53. D. Z. Cass, "The 'Constitutionalization' of International Law: Judicial Norm-Generation as the Engine of Constitutional Development in International Trade", in: EJIL 12 (2001), pp. 39 et seq.
54. E.-U. Petersmann, "Constitutionalism and International Adjudication: How to Constitutionalize the U.N. Dispute Settlement System?", in: NYUJILP (1998-1999), pp. 753 et seq.