Major Bleeding in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Impact of Time in Therapeutic Range on Contemporary Bleeding Risk Scores

Scientific Reports

Volumn 6, Issue , 2016, Pages

  Proietti, Marco ^a,b   Senoo, Keitaro ^a   Lane, Deirdre A ^a   Lip, Gregory Y H ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^c AALBORG UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; WARFARIN;

AGED; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COMPLICATION; DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM; EVALUATION STUDY; FEMALE; HEMORRHAGE; HUMAN; MALE; PATHOLOGY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RISK ASSESSMENT; TIME FACTOR;

AGED; ANTICOAGULANTS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUES; FEMALE; HEMORRHAGE; HUMANS; MALE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; TIME FACTORS; WARFARIN;

EID: 84963800755     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep24376     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Camm, A. J. et al. focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur. Heart J. 33, 2719-47 (2012).
2. January, C. T. et al. AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 64, e1-76 (2014).
3. De Caterina, R. et al. Vitamin K antagonists in heart disease: Current status and perspectives (Section III). Thromb. Haemost. 110, 1087-1107 (2013).
4. Roskell, N. S., Samuel, M., Noack, H. & Monz, B. U. Major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving vitamin K antagonists: a systematic review of randomized and observational studies. Europace 15, 787-97 (2013).
5. Lip, G. Y. H. Implications of the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and HAS-BLED Scores for thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation. Am. J. Med. 124, 111-4 (2011).
6. Pisters, R. et al. A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest 138, 1093-100 (2010).
7. Lip, G. Y. H. & Lane, D. A. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA 313, 1950-1962 (2015).
8. Lip, G. Y. H. et al. Assessing the risk of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation project. Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. 5, 941-8 (2012).
9. Lip, G. Y. H., Frison, L., Halperin, J. L. & Lane, D. A. Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: the HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drug. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 173-80 (2011).
10. Olesen, J. B. et al. Bleeding risk in 'real world' patients with atrial fibrillation: comparison of two established bleeding prediction schemes in a nationwide cohort. J. Thromb. Haemost. 9, 1460-7 (2011).
11. Roldán, V. et al. Predictive value of the HAS-BLED and ATRIA bleeding scores for the risk of serious bleeding in a 'real-world' population with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulant therapy. Chest 143, 179-84 (2013).
12. Gallego, P. et al. Relation of the HAS-BLED bleeding risk score to major bleeding, cardiovascular events, and mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. 5, 312-8 (2012).
13. Omran, H., Bauersachs, R., Rübenacker, S., Goss, F. & Hammerstingl, C. The HAS-BLED score predicts bleedings during bridging of chronic oral anticoagulation. Results from the national multicentre BNK Online bRiDging REgistRy (BORDER). Thromb. Haemost. 108, 65-73 (2012).
14. Fang, M. C. et al. A new risk scheme to predict warfarin-Associated hemorrhage: The ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 58, 395-401 (2011).
15. Gage, B. F. et al. Clinical classification schemes for predicting hemorrhage: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (NRAF). Am. Heart J. 151, 713-9 (2006).
16. Apostolakis, S., Lane, D. A., Guo, Y., Buller, H. & Lip, G. Y. H. Performance of the HEMORR(2)HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS-BLED bleeding risk-prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS (evaluating the use of SR34006 compared to warfarin or acenocoumarol in patients with atria. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 60, 861-7 (2012).
17. Apostolakis, S., Lane, D. A., Guo, Y., Buller, H. & Lip, G. Y. H. Performance of the HEMORR 2 HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS-BLED bleeding risk-prediction scores in nonwarfarin anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 61, 386-7 (2013).
18. Zhu, W., He, W., Guo, L., Wang, X. & Hong, K. The HAS-BLED Score for Predicting Major Bleeding Risk in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin. Cardiol. 38, 555-61 (2015).
19. Piccini, J. P. et al. Outcomes registry for better informed treatment of atrial fibrillation: rationale and design of ORBIT-AF. Am. Heart J. 162, 606-612.e1 (2011).
20. O'Brien, E. C. et al. The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation. Eur. Heart J. 36, 3258-64 (2015).
21. Lip, G. Y. H. & Lane, D. A. Assessing bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation with the HAS-BLED and ORBIT scores: clinical application requires focus on the reversible bleeding risk factors. Eur. Hear. J. 36, 3265-7 (2015).
22. Wan, Y. et al. Anticoagulation control and prediction of adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes 1, 84-91 (2008).
23. Gallego, P. et al. Cessation of oral anticoagulation in relation to mortality and the risk of thrombotic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Thromb. Haemost. 110, 1189-1198 (2013).
24. Senoo, K., Proietti, M., Lane, D. A. & Lip, G. Y. H. Evaluation of the HAS-BLED, ATRIA and ORBIT bleeding risk scores in atrial fibrillation patients on warfarin. Am. J. Med. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.001 (2015).
25. Halperin, J. L. Ximelagatran compared with warfarin for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Rationale, objectives, and design of a pair of clinical studies and baseline patient characteristics (SPORTIF III and V). Am. Heart J. 146, 431-8 (2003).
26. Olsson, S. B. Stroke prevention with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran compared with warfarin in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF III): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 362, 1691-8 (2003).
27. Albers, G. W. et al. Ximelagatran vs warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial. JAMA 293, 690-8 (2005).
28. DeLong, E. R., DeLong, D. M. & Clarke-Pearson, D. L. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44, 837-45 (1988).
29. Pencina, M. J., D'Agostino, R. B. & Vasan, R. S. Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond. Stat. Med. 27, 157-72; discussion 207-12 (2008).
30. Smith, J. G. et al. Triple antithrombotic therapy following an acute coronary syndrome: prevalence, outcomes and prognostic utility of the HAS-BLED score. EuroIntervention 8, 672-8 (2012).
31. Lopes, R. D. et al. Efficacy and safety of apixaban compared with warfarin according to patient risk of stroke and of bleeding in atrial fibrillation: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet (London, England) 380, 1749-58 (2012).
32. Apostolakis, S., Lane, D. A., Buller, H. & Lip, G. Y. H. Comparison of the CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores for the prediction of clinically relevant bleeding in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: the AMADEUS trial. Thromb. Haemost. 110, 1074-9 (2013).
33. Roldán, V. et al. The HAS-BLED score has better prediction accuracy for major bleeding than CHADS2 or CHA2DS2-VASc scores in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 62, 2199-204 (2013).
34. Friberg, L., Rosenqvist, M. & Lip, G. Y. H. Evaluation of risk stratification schemes for ischaemic stroke and bleeding in 182 678 patients with atrial fibrillation: the Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study. Eur. Heart J. 33, 1500-10 (2012).
35. Patel, M. R. et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N. Engl. J. Med. 365, 883-91 (2011).
36. Lip, G. Y. H. Assessing Bleeding Risk With the HAS-BLED Score: Balancing Simplicity, Practicality, and Predictive Value in Bleeding-Risk Assessment. Clin. Cardiol. 38, 562-4 (2015).