메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 5, 2016, Pages

Prevention of Recurrent Thrombosis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Different from the General Population?

Author keywords

Anti 2 glycoprotein 1 antibody; Anticardiolipin antibody; Antiphospholipid antibodies; Antiphospholipid syndrome; Lupus anticoagulant; Systemic lupus erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ADJUVANT; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ANTIVITAMIN K; ECULIZUMAB; HEPARIN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; VITAMIN D;

EID: 84962721398     PISSN: 15233774     EISSN: 15346307     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11926-016-0573-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (87)
  • 1
    • 84861569538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies in primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtFWhtbzI, PID: 22635234
    • Hoxha A, Ruffatti A, Tonello M, Bontadi A, Salvan E, Banzato A, et al. Antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus. 2012;21:787–9.
    • (2012) Lupus , vol.21 , pp. 787-789
    • Hoxha, A.1    Ruffatti, A.2    Tonello, M.3    Bontadi, A.4    Salvan, E.5    Banzato, A.6
  • 4
    • 33845600231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome among systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s%2Fns1eitw%3D%3D, PID: 17274170
    • McMahon MA, Keogan M, O'Connell P, Kearns G. The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome among systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Ir Med J. 2006;99:296–8.
    • (2006) Ir Med J , vol.99 , pp. 296-298
    • McMahon, M.A.1    Keogan, M.2    O'Connell, P.3    Kearns, G.4
  • 6
    • 33344458573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
    • Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, Branch DW, Brey RL, Cervera R, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J. Thromb. Haemost. 2006;6:295–306.
    • (2006) J. Thromb. Haemost , vol.6 , pp. 295-306
    • Miyakis, S.1    Lockshin, M.D.2    Atsumi, T.3    Branch, D.W.4    Brey, R.L.5    Cervera, R.6
  • 7
    • 84896537523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of venous and arterial thrombosis according to type of antiphospholipid antibodies in adults without systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsVyju70%3D, PID: 24418303
    • Reynaud Q, Lega J-C, Mismetti P, Chapelle C, Wahl D, Cathébras P, et al. Risk of venous and arterial thrombosis according to type of antiphospholipid antibodies in adults without systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:595–608.
    • (2014) Autoimmun Rev , vol.13 , pp. 595-608
    • Reynaud, Q.1    Lega, J.-C.2    Mismetti, P.3    Chapelle, C.4    Wahl, D.5    Cathébras, P.6
  • 8
    • 0034631861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic antithrombotic therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies: do the benefits outweigh the risks? A decision analysis
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czkslKmsg%3D%3D, PID: 10888978
    • Wahl DG, Bounameaux H, de Moerloose P, Sarasin FP. Prophylactic antithrombotic therapy for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies: do the benefits outweigh the risks? A decision analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:2042–8.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 2042-2048
    • Wahl, D.G.1    Bounameaux, H.2    de Moerloose, P.3    Sarasin, F.P.4
  • 9
    • 0037370733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review of the literature
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhslCrtrk%3D, PID: 12393574
    • Galli M, Luciani D, Bertolini G, Barbui T. Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review of the literature. Blood. 2003;101:1827–32.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , pp. 1827-1832
    • Galli, M.1    Luciani, D.2    Bertolini, G.3    Barbui, T.4
  • 10
    • 20444446334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody profiles for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXls1Wju74%3D, PID: 15968401
    • Pengo V, Biasiolo A, Pegoraro C, Cucchini U, Noventa F, Iliceto S. Antibody profiles for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. Thromb Haemost. 2005;93:1147–52.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.93 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Pengo, V.1    Biasiolo, A.2    Pegoraro, C.3    Cucchini, U.4    Noventa, F.5    Iliceto, S.6
  • 11
    • 0026659095 scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid thrombosis: clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK38zksVWmtQ%3D%3D, PID: 1637025
    • Rosove MH, Brewer PM. Antiphospholipid thrombosis: clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:303–8.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.117 , pp. 303-308
    • Rosove, M.H.1    Brewer, P.M.2
  • 12
    • 84893175081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-prothrombin (aPT) and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies and the risk of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid syndrome. A systematic review
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXivFejsLw%3D, PID: 24172938
    • Sciascia S, Sanna G, Murru V, Roccatello D, Khamashta MA, Bertolaccini ML. Anti-prothrombin (aPT) and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies and the risk of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid syndrome. A systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2014;111:354–64.
    • (2014) Thromb Haemost , vol.111 , pp. 354-364
    • Sciascia, S.1    Sanna, G.2    Murru, V.3    Roccatello, D.4    Khamashta, M.A.5    Bertolaccini, M.L.6
  • 13
    • 84856371421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of the antiphospholipid score for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome and its predictive value for thrombotic events
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xht1yrurg%3D, PID: 21953404
    • Otomo K, Atsumi T, Amengual O, Fujieda Y, Kato M, Oku K, et al. Efficacy of the antiphospholipid score for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome and its predictive value for thrombotic events. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:504–12.
    • (2012) Arthritis Rheum , vol.64 , pp. 504-512
    • Otomo, K.1    Atsumi, T.2    Amengual, O.3    Fujieda, Y.4    Kato, M.5    Oku, K.6
  • 14
    • 67149087369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of risk for venous and arterial thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and in antiphospholipid syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXotlSjt7k%3D, PID: 19447935
    • Danowski A, de Azevedo MNL, de Souza Papi JA, Petri M. Determinants of risk for venous and arterial thrombosis in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and in antiphospholipid syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2009;36:1195–9.
    • (2009) J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 1195-1199
    • Danowski, A.1    de Azevedo, M.N.L.2    de Souza Papi, J.A.3    Petri, M.4
  • 15
  • 16
    • 61449186513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers. A multicentre, retrospective follow-up study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1M7jslWmsA%3D%3D, PID: 18812393
    • Ruffatti A, Del Ross T, Ciprian M, Nuzzo M, Rampudda M, Bertero MT, et al. Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers. A multicentre, retrospective follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:397–9.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.68 , pp. 397-399
    • Ruffatti, A.1    Del Ross, T.2    Ciprian, M.3    Nuzzo, M.4    Rampudda, M.5    Bertero, M.T.6
  • 17
    • 79955815184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers: a prospective multicentre follow-up study
    • PID: 21285115
    • Ruffatti A, Del Ross T, Ciprian M, Bertero MT, Sciascia S, Salvatore S, et al. Risk factors for a first thrombotic event in antiphospholipid antibody carriers: a prospective multicentre follow-up study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1083–6.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , pp. 1083-1086
    • Ruffatti, A.1    Del Ross, T.2    Ciprian, M.3    Bertero, M.T.4    Sciascia, S.5    Salvatore, S.6
  • 18
    • 70449729881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVertbbL, PID: 19783216
    • Urbanus RT, Siegerink B, Roest M, Rosendaal FR, de Groot PG, Algra A. Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:998–1005.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 998-1005
    • Urbanus, R.T.1    Siegerink, B.2    Roest, M.3    Rosendaal, F.R.4    de Groot, P.G.5    Algra, A.6
  • 19
    • 3442901073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome and asymptomatic carriers of antiphospholipid antibody: prospective analysis of 404 individuals
    • PID: 15290736
    • Girón-González JA, García del Río E, Rodríguez C, Rodríguez-Martorell J, Serrano A. Antiphospholipid syndrome and asymptomatic carriers of antiphospholipid antibody: prospective analysis of 404 individuals. J Rheumatol. 2004;31:1560–7.
    • (2004) J Rheumatol , vol.31 , pp. 1560-1567
    • Girón-González, J.A.1    García del Río, E.2    Rodríguez, C.3    Rodríguez-Martorell, J.4    Serrano, A.5
  • 20
    • 79955543065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity in primary antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with worse outcome
    • PID: 21196129
    • Caldas CA, da Mota LMH, de Carvalho JF. Obesity in primary antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with worse outcome. Joint Bone Spine. 2011;78:324–5.
    • (2011) Joint Bone Spine , vol.78 , pp. 324-325
    • Caldas, C.A.1    da Mota, L.M.H.2    de Carvalho, J.F.3
  • 21
    • 84962542199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with antiphosholipid syndrome and thrombotic recurrences: a real world observation (the Piedmont cohort study)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXptlKltLg%3D
    • Bazzan M, Vaccarino A, Stella S, Sciascia S, Montaruli B, Bertero MT, et al. Patients with antiphosholipid syndrome and thrombotic recurrences: a real world observation (the Piedmont cohort study). Lupus. 2015;0:1–7.
    • (2015) Lupus , pp. 1-7
    • Bazzan, M.1    Vaccarino, A.2    Stella, S.3    Sciascia, S.4    Montaruli, B.5    Bertero, M.T.6
  • 22
    • 84943159990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes increases the risk of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A population-based cohort study
    • PID: 26271946
    • Chung W-S, Lin C-L, Kao C-H. Diabetes increases the risk of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A population-based cohort study. Thromb Haemost. 2015;114:812–8.
    • (2015) Thromb Haemost , vol.114 , pp. 812-818
    • Chung, W.-S.1    Lin, C.-L.2    Kao, C.-H.3
  • 23
    • 0037341535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity: risk of venous thrombosis and the interaction with coagulation factor levels and oral contraceptive use
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXitlSktLk%3D, PID: 12624633
    • Abdollahi M, Cushman M, Rosendaal FR. Obesity: risk of venous thrombosis and the interaction with coagulation factor levels and oral contraceptive use. Thromb Haemost. 2003;89:493–8.
    • (2003) Thromb Haemost , vol.89 , pp. 493-498
    • Abdollahi, M.1    Cushman, M.2    Rosendaal, F.R.3
  • 24
    • 34848828529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of venous thrombosis: obesity and its joint effect with oral contraceptive use and prothrombotic mutations
    • PID: 17897305
    • Pomp ER, le Cessie S, Rosendaal FR, Doggen CJM. Risk of venous thrombosis: obesity and its joint effect with oral contraceptive use and prothrombotic mutations. Br J Haematol. 2007;139:289–96.
    • (2007) Br J Haematol , vol.139 , pp. 289-296
    • Pomp, E.R.1    le Cessie, S.2    Rosendaal, F.R.3    Doggen, C.J.M.4
  • 25
    • 84928739450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global anti-phospholipid syndrome score in primary APS
    • This article validates the use of GAPSS in a cohort of primary APS patients
    • Sciascia S, Sanna G, Murru V, Roccatello D, Khamashta MA, Bertolaccini ML. The global anti-phospholipid syndrome score in primary APS. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54:134–8. This article validates the use of GAPSS in a cohort of primary APS patients.
    • (2015) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.54 , pp. 134-138
    • Sciascia, S.1    Sanna, G.2    Murru, V.3    Roccatello, D.4    Khamashta, M.A.5    Bertolaccini, M.L.6
  • 26
    • 45149103015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double heterozygosity polymorphisms for platelet glycoproteins Ia/IIa and IIb/IIIa increases arterial thrombosis and arteriosclerosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome or with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • PID: 17728329
    • Jiménez S, Tàssies D, Espinosa G, García-Criado A, Plaza J, Monteagudo J, et al. Double heterozygosity polymorphisms for platelet glycoproteins Ia/IIa and IIb/IIIa increases arterial thrombosis and arteriosclerosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome or with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:835–40.
    • (2008) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.67 , pp. 835-840
    • Jiménez, S.1    Tàssies, D.2    Espinosa, G.3    García-Criado, A.4    Plaza, J.5    Monteagudo, J.6
  • 27
    • 84892468824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can inherited thrombophilia modulate the clinical phenotype of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome?
    • PID: 24093662
    • Berman H, Ugarte-Gil MF, Espinosa G, Tàssies D, Monteagudo J, Reverter JC, et al. Can inherited thrombophilia modulate the clinical phenotype of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome? Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013;31:926–32.
    • (2013) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.31 , pp. 926-932
    • Berman, H.1    Ugarte-Gil, M.F.2    Espinosa, G.3    Tàssies, D.4    Monteagudo, J.5    Reverter, J.C.6
  • 28
    • 84858283382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mackie I, Moore GW, Greer IA, Greaves M, British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines on the investigation and management of antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Keeling D, Mackie I, Moore GW, Greer IA, Greaves M, British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines on the investigation and management of antiphospholipid syndrome. Br J Haematol. 2012;157:47–58.
    • (2012) Br J Haematol , vol.157 , pp. 47-58
  • 30
    • 27644592520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies in young adults with stroke
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVKqu7fK, PID: 16205859
    • Brey RL. Antiphospholipid antibodies in young adults with stroke. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2005;20:105–12.
    • (2005) J Thromb Thrombolysis , vol.20 , pp. 105-112
    • Brey, R.L.1
  • 31
    • 0031919292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Duration of Anticoagulation Study Group
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1c3jsF2guw%3D%3D, PID: 9576405
    • Schulman S, Svenungsson E, Granqvist S. Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Duration of Anticoagulation Study Group. Am J Med. 1998;104:332–8.
    • (1998) Am J Med , vol.104 , pp. 332-338
    • Schulman, S.1    Svenungsson, E.2    Granqvist, S.3
  • 32
    • 0033602514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXit1aitb0%3D, PID: 10089183
    • Kearon C, Gent M, Hirsh J, Weitz J, Kovacs MJ, Anderson DR, et al. A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:901–7.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 901-907
    • Kearon, C.1    Gent, M.2    Hirsh, J.3    Weitz, J.4    Kovacs, M.J.5    Anderson, D.R.6
  • 33
    • 84856802635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XnsVOrtLY%3D, PID: 22315268
    • Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, Prandoni P, Bounameaux H, Goldhaber SZ, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012;141:e419S–94S.
    • (2012) Chest , vol.141 , pp. e419S-e494S
    • Kearon, C.1    Akl, E.A.2    Comerota, A.J.3    Prandoni, P.4    Bounameaux, H.5    Goldhaber, S.Z.6
  • 34
    • 84886379226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of recurrence after a first episode of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1OmsbvK, PID: 23760616
    • Garcia D, Akl EA, Carr R, Kearon C. Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of recurrence after a first episode of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review. Blood. 2013;122:817–24.
    • (2013) Blood , vol.122 , pp. 817-824
    • Garcia, D.1    Akl, E.A.2    Carr, R.3    Kearon, C.4
  • 35
    • 0141791073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnsV2jtb4%3D, PID: 13679527
    • Crowther MA, Ginsberg JS, Julian J, Denburg J, Hirsh J, Douketis J, et al. A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1133–8.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1133-1138
    • Crowther, M.A.1    Ginsberg, J.S.2    Julian, J.3    Denburg, J.4    Hirsh, J.5    Douketis, J.6
  • 36
    • 23844437705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized clinical trial of high-intensity warfarin vs. conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXltlOitL4%3D, PID: 15869575
    • Finazzi G, Marchioli R, Brancaccio V, Schinco P, Wisloff F, Musial J, et al. A randomized clinical trial of high-intensity warfarin vs. conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS). J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3:848–53.
    • (2005) J Thromb Haemost , vol.3 , pp. 848-853
    • Finazzi, G.1    Marchioli, R.2    Brancaccio, V.3    Schinco, P.4    Wisloff, F.5    Musial, J.6
  • 37
    • 79953305113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3M7nvVWqtw%3D%3D, PID: 21303837
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Cuadrado MJ, Ruiz-Arruza I, Brey R, Crowther M, Derksen R, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies. Lupus. 2011;20:206–18.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 206-218
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Cuadrado, M.J.2    Ruiz-Arruza, I.3    Brey, R.4    Crowther, M.5    Derksen, R.6
  • 38
    • 79961220976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of long-term low molecular weight heparin in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
    • PID: 21628306
    • Vargas-Hitos JA, Ateka-Barrutia O, Sangle S, Khamashta MA. Efficacy and safety of long-term low molecular weight heparin in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1652–4.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , pp. 1652-1654
    • Vargas-Hitos, J.A.1    Ateka-Barrutia, O.2    Sangle, S.3    Khamashta, M.A.4
  • 40
    • 84928625226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of rivaroxaban in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a series of 12 cases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXitl2ksrg%3D, PID: 25669601
    • Son M, Wypasek E, Celinska-Lowenhoff M, Undas A. The use of rivaroxaban in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: a series of 12 cases. Thromb Res. 2015;135:1035–6.
    • (2015) Thromb Res , vol.135 , pp. 1035-1036
    • Son, M.1    Wypasek, E.2    Celinska-Lowenhoff, M.3    Undas, A.4
  • 41
    • 84908550562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of dabigatran and rivaroxaban to prevent thromboembolism in antiphospholipid syndrome: a case series of three patients
    • PID: 25118790
    • Schaefer JK, McBane RD, Black DF, Williams LN, Moder KG, Wysokinski WE. Failure of dabigatran and rivaroxaban to prevent thromboembolism in antiphospholipid syndrome: a case series of three patients. Thromb Haemost. 2014;112:947–50.
    • (2014) Thromb Haemost , vol.112 , pp. 947-950
    • Schaefer, J.K.1    McBane, R.D.2    Black, D.F.3    Williams, L.N.4    Moder, K.G.5    Wysokinski, W.E.6
  • 42
    • 84907994966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New oral anticoagulants may not be effective to prevent venous thromboembolism in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsFyjtb%2FP, PID: 25043836
    • Win K, Rodgers GM. New oral anticoagulants may not be effective to prevent venous thromboembolism in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Am J Hematol. 2014;89:1017.
    • (2014) Am J Hematol , vol.89 , pp. 1017
    • Win, K.1    Rodgers, G.M.2
  • 43
    • 84930759043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of oral direct inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa in antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXmsVersL4%3D, PID: 25864630
    • Noel N, Dutasta F, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Bienvenu B, Mariette X, Geffray L, et al. Safety and efficacy of oral direct inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa in antiphospholipid syndrome. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:680–5.
    • (2015) Autoimmun Rev , vol.14 , pp. 680-685
    • Noel, N.1    Dutasta, F.2    Costedoat-Chalumeau, N.3    Bienvenu, B.4    Mariette, X.5    Geffray, L.6
  • 44
    • 84938784417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivaroxaban in antiphospholipid syndrome (RAPS) protocol: a prospective, randomized controlled phase II/III clinical trial of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or without SLE
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhvFWgu7nL, PID: 25940537
    • Cohen H, Doré CJ, Clawson S, Hunt BJ, Isenberg D, Khamashta M, et al. Rivaroxaban in antiphospholipid syndrome (RAPS) protocol: a prospective, randomized controlled phase II/III clinical trial of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or without SLE. Lupus. 2015;24:1087–94.
    • (2015) Lupus , vol.24 , pp. 1087-1094
    • Cohen, H.1    Doré, C.J.2    Clawson, S.3    Hunt, B.J.4    Isenberg, D.5    Khamashta, M.6
  • 45
    • 84962752497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivaroxaban for antiphospholipid syndrome—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 13]. Available from:
    • Rivaroxaban for antiphospholipid syndrome—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 13]. Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02116036?term=rivaroxaban+antiphospholipid&rank=1
  • 46
    • 84962641980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivaroxaban in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (TRAPS)—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 13]. Available from:
    • Rivaroxaban in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (TRAPS)—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 13]. Available from: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02157272?term=rivaroxaban+antiphospholipid&rank=2
  • 47
    • 10744223871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVylurc%3D, PID: 14762036
    • Levine SR, Brey RL, Tilley BC, Thompson JLP, Sacco RL, Sciacca RR, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke. JAMA. 2004;291:576–84.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 576-584
    • Levine, S.R.1    Brey, R.L.2    Tilley, B.C.3    Thompson, J.L.P.4    Sacco, R.L.5    Sciacca, R.R.6
  • 48
    • 76149086177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison between single antiplatelet therapy and combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
    • PID: 20046230
    • Okuma H, Kitagawa Y, Yasuda T, Tokuoka K, Takagi S. Comparison between single antiplatelet therapy and combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Int J Med Sci. 2009;7:15–8.
    • (2009) Int J Med Sci , vol.7 , pp. 15-18
    • Okuma, H.1    Kitagawa, Y.2    Yasuda, T.3    Tokuoka, K.4    Takagi, S.5
  • 49
    • 37349061734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
    • PID: 18050167
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Hunt BJ, Khamashta MA. A systematic review of secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:1487–95.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.57 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Hunt, B.J.2    Khamashta, M.A.3
  • 50
    • 0016184730 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of postoperative deep venous thrombosis in legs by orally administered hydroxychloroquine sulphate
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaE2czgsF2itQ%3D%3D, PID: 4853767
    • Carter AE, Eban R. Prevention of postoperative deep venous thrombosis in legs by orally administered hydroxychloroquine sulphate. Br Med J. 1974;3:94–5.
    • (1974) Br Med J , vol.3 , pp. 94-95
    • Carter, A.E.1    Eban, R.2
  • 51
    • 0017651055 scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis by hydroxychloroquine sulfate and heparin
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaE1c%2FhsVaksw%3D%3D, PID: 333643
    • Wu TK, Tsapogas MJ, Jordan FR. Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis by hydroxychloroquine sulfate and heparin. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1977;145:714–8.
    • (1977) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.145 , pp. 714-718
    • Wu, T.K.1    Tsapogas, M.J.2    Jordan, F.R.3
  • 53
    • 0017646633 scopus 로고
    • Failure of orally administered hydroxychloroquine sulphate to prevent venous thromboembolism following elective hip operations
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaE2s7osl2rsw%3D%3D, PID: 325009
    • Cooke ED, Dawson MH, Ibbotson RM, Bowcock SA, Ainsworth ME, Pilcher MF. Failure of orally administered hydroxychloroquine sulphate to prevent venous thromboembolism following elective hip operations. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1977;59:496–500.
    • (1977) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.59 , pp. 496-500
    • Cooke, E.D.1    Dawson, M.H.2    Ibbotson, R.M.3    Bowcock, S.A.4    Ainsworth, M.E.5    Pilcher, M.F.6
  • 54
    • 0023781805 scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine and postoperative thromboembolism after total hip replacement
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2Fitlaitg%3D%3D, PID: 3052057
    • Loudon JR. Hydroxychloroquine and postoperative thromboembolism after total hip replacement. Am J Med. 1988;85:57–61.
    • (1988) Am J Med , vol.85 , pp. 57-61
    • Loudon, J.R.1
  • 55
    • 0036045796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional study of clinical thrombotic risk factors and preventive treatments in antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38vgsVyqtw%3D%3D
    • Erkan D, Yazici Y, Peterson MG, Sammaritano L, Lockshin MD. A cross-sectional study of clinical thrombotic risk factors and preventive treatments in antiphospholipid syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002;41:924–9.
    • (2002) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.41 , pp. 924-929
    • Erkan, D.1    Yazici, Y.2    Peterson, M.G.3    Sammaritano, L.4    Lockshin, M.D.5
  • 56
    • 84885341807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithrombotic effects of hydroxychloroquine in primary antiphospholipid syndrome patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhs1Wnt73P, PID: 23902281
    • Schmidt-Tanguy A, Voswinkel J, Henrion D, Subra JF, Loufrani L, Rohmer V, et al. Antithrombotic effects of hydroxychloroquine in primary antiphospholipid syndrome patients. J Thromb Haemost. 2013;11:1927–9.
    • (2013) J Thromb Haemost , vol.11 , pp. 1927-1929
    • Schmidt-Tanguy, A.1    Voswinkel, J.2    Henrion, D.3    Subra, J.F.4    Loufrani, L.5    Rohmer, V.6
  • 57
    • 84921026907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient-level analysis of five international cohorts further confirms the efficacy of aspirin for the primary prevention of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVamsLrO, PID: 25461472, A meta-analysis that points to a protective effect of aspirin both for SLE patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and asymptomatic carriers of antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Arnaud L, Mathian A, Devilliers H, Ruffatti A, Tektonidou M, Forastiero R, et al. Patient-level analysis of five international cohorts further confirms the efficacy of aspirin for the primary prevention of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:192–200. A meta-analysis that points to a protective effect of aspirin both for SLE patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and asymptomatic carriers of antiphospholipid antibodies.
    • (2015) Autoimmun Rev , vol.14 , pp. 192-200
    • Arnaud, L.1    Mathian, A.2    Devilliers, H.3    Ruffatti, A.4    Tektonidou, M.5    Forastiero, R.6
  • 58
    • 0027457735 scopus 로고
    • Crossreaction between antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein and to cardiolipin in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3htFajsA%3D%3D, PID: 8096266
    • Vaarala O, Alfthan G, Jauhiainen M, Leirisalo-Repo M, Aho K, Palosuo T. Crossreaction between antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein and to cardiolipin in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 1993;341:923–5.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 923-925
    • Vaarala, O.1    Alfthan, G.2    Jauhiainen, M.3    Leirisalo-Repo, M.4    Aho, K.5    Palosuo, T.6
  • 59
    • 0032530883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of early atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor-deficient mice immunized with beta2-glycoprotein I
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmt1Wjtrc%3D, PID: 9736598
    • George J, Afek A, Gilburd B, Blank M, Levy Y, Aron-Maor A, et al. Induction of early atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor-deficient mice immunized with beta2-glycoprotein I. Circulation. 1998;98:1108–15.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1108-1115
    • George, J.1    Afek, A.2    Gilburd, B.3    Blank, M.4    Levy, Y.5    Aron-Maor, A.6
  • 60
    • 0032587108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunolocalization of beta2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H) to human atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for lesion progression
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjtFKku7s%3D, PID: 10226085
    • George J, Harats D, Gilburd B, Afek A, Levy Y, Schneiderman J, et al. Immunolocalization of beta2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H) to human atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for lesion progression. Circulation. 1999;99:2227–30.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2227-2230
    • George, J.1    Harats, D.2    Gilburd, B.3    Afek, A.4    Levy, Y.5    Schneiderman, J.6
  • 61
    • 3042797102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial cell activation by antiphospholipid antibodies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXls1eit7w%3D, PID: 15240160
    • Meroni PL, Raschi E, Testoni C, Borghi MO. Endothelial cell activation by antiphospholipid antibodies. Clin Immunol. 2004;112:169–74.
    • (2004) Clin Immunol , vol.112 , pp. 169-174
    • Meroni, P.L.1    Raschi, E.2    Testoni, C.3    Borghi, M.O.4
  • 62
    • 7244237671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluvastatin inhibits up-regulation of tissue factor expression by antiphospholipid antibodies on endothelial cells
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXosF2rtLg%3D, PID: 15333031
    • Ferrara DE, Swerlick R, Casper K, Meroni PL, Vega-Ostertag ME, Harris EN, et al. Fluvastatin inhibits up-regulation of tissue factor expression by antiphospholipid antibodies on endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost. 2004;2:1558–63.
    • (2004) J Thromb Haemost , vol.2 , pp. 1558-1563
    • Ferrara, D.E.1    Swerlick, R.2    Casper, K.3    Meroni, P.L.4    Vega-Ostertag, M.E.5    Harris, E.N.6
  • 63
    • 56749106312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtl2gurnL, PID: 18997196
    • Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FAH, Genest J, Gotto AM, Kastelein JJP, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2195–207.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 2195-2207
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Danielson, E.2    Fonseca, F.A.H.3    Genest, J.4    Gotto, A.M.5    Kastelein, J.J.P.6
  • 64
    • 84899916939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective open-label pilot study of fluvastatin on proinflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers in antiphospholipid antibody positive patients
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtV2isLrE, PID: 23933625
    • Erkan D, Willis R, Murthy VL, Basra G, Vega J, Ruiz-Limón P, et al. A prospective open-label pilot study of fluvastatin on proinflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers in antiphospholipid antibody positive patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:1176–80.
    • (2014) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.73 , pp. 1176-1180
    • Erkan, D.1    Willis, R.2    Murthy, V.L.3    Basra, G.4    Vega, J.5    Ruiz-Limón, P.6
  • 65
    • 65449138698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of rosuvastatin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXlsVSlurk%3D, PID: 19329822
    • Glynn RJ, Danielson E, Fonseca FAH, Genest J, Gotto AM, Kastelein JJP, et al. A randomized trial of rosuvastatin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1851–61.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 1851-1861
    • Glynn, R.J.1    Danielson, E.2    Fonseca, F.A.H.3    Genest, J.4    Gotto, A.M.5    Kastelein, J.J.P.6
  • 66
    • 80055098706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins in the prevention of venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis of observational studies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtl2ntrvE, PID: 21641019
    • Pai M, Evans NS, Shah SJ, Green D, Cook D, Crowther MA. Statins in the prevention of venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Thromb Res. 2011;128:422–30.
    • (2011) Thromb Res , vol.128 , pp. 422-430
    • Pai, M.1    Evans, N.S.2    Shah, S.J.3    Green, D.4    Cook, D.5    Crowther, M.A.6
  • 67
    • 84873846125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsFCjurY%3D, PID: 23124321, The first clinical trial of Rituximab in APS
    • Erkan D, Vega J, Ramón G, Kozora E, Lockshin MD. A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65:464–71. The first clinical trial of Rituximab in APS.
    • (2013) Arthritis Rheum , vol.65 , pp. 464-471
    • Erkan, D.1    Vega, J.2    Ramón, G.3    Kozora, E.4    Lockshin, M.D.5
  • 68
    • 13244275118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term remission from life-threatening hypercoagulable state associated with lupus anticoagulant (LA) following rituximab therapy
    • PID: 15682409
    • Ahn ER, Lander G, Bidot CJ, Jy W, Ahn YS. Long-term remission from life-threatening hypercoagulable state associated with lupus anticoagulant (LA) following rituximab therapy. Am J Hematol. 2005;78:127–9.
    • (2005) Am J Hematol , vol.78 , pp. 127-129
    • Ahn, E.R.1    Lander, G.2    Bidot, C.J.3    Jy, W.4    Ahn, Y.S.5
  • 69
    • 38049059906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab effectively reverses papilledema associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2sngvVGntw%3D%3D, PID: 17932872
    • Chalam KV, Gupta SK, Agarwal S. Rituximab effectively reverses papilledema associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007;17:867–70.
    • (2007) Eur J Ophthalmol , vol.17 , pp. 867-870
    • Chalam, K.V.1    Gupta, S.K.2    Agarwal, S.3
  • 70
    • 84857190406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eculizumab in acute recurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsFCmtLvM, PID: 21831149
    • Hadaya K, Ferrari-Lacraz S, Fumeaux D, Boehlen F, Toso C, Moll S, et al. Eculizumab in acute recurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2011;11:2523–7.
    • (2011) Am J Transplant , vol.11 , pp. 2523-2527
    • Hadaya, K.1    Ferrari-Lacraz, S.2    Fumeaux, D.3    Boehlen, F.4    Toso, C.5    Moll, S.6
  • 71
    • 84895064562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eculizumab prevents recurrent antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and enables successful renal transplantation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhs1eqsbc%3D, PID: 24400968
    • Lonze BE, Zachary AA, Magro CM, Desai NM, Orandi BJ, Dagher NN, et al. Eculizumab prevents recurrent antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and enables successful renal transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2014;14:459–65.
    • (2014) Am J Transplant , vol.14 , pp. 459-465
    • Lonze, B.E.1    Zachary, A.A.2    Magro, C.M.3    Desai, N.M.4    Orandi, B.J.5    Dagher, N.N.6
  • 72
    • 84962759140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eculizumab for CAPS patients undergoing renal transplantation—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 14]. Available from
    • Eculizumab for CAPS patients undergoing renal transplantation—clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]. clinicaltrials.gov. [cited 2016 Feb 14]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01029587?term=catastrophic+antiphospholipid&rank=1
  • 74
    • 78650676621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D: an instrumental factor in the anti-phospholipid syndrome by inhibition of tissue factor expression
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtleit7g%3D, PID: 20980705
    • Agmon-Levin N, Blank M, Zandman-Goddard G, Orbach H, Meroni PL, Tincani A, et al. Vitamin D: an instrumental factor in the anti-phospholipid syndrome by inhibition of tissue factor expression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:145–50.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , pp. 145-150
    • Agmon-Levin, N.1    Blank, M.2    Zandman-Goddard, G.3    Orbach, H.4    Meroni, P.L.5    Tincani, A.6
  • 75
    • 0029953246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history and risk factors for thrombosis in 360 patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: a four-year prospective study from the Italian Registry
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK283ktVWgtg%3D%3D, PID: 8644765
    • Finazzi G, Brancaccio V, Moia M, Ciaverella N, Mazzucconi MG, Schinco PC, et al. Natural history and risk factors for thrombosis in 360 patients with antiphospholipid antibodies: a four-year prospective study from the Italian Registry. Am J Med. 1996;100:530–6.
    • (1996) Am J Med , vol.100 , pp. 530-536
    • Finazzi, G.1    Brancaccio, V.2    Moia, M.3    Ciaverella, N.4    Mazzucconi, M.G.5    Schinco, P.C.6
  • 76
    • 34547407889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin for primary thrombosis prevention in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in asymptomatic antiphospholipid antibody-positive individuals
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXovFSgurs%3D, PID: 17599766
    • Erkan D, Harrison MJ, Levy R, Peterson M, Petri M, Sammaritano L, et al. Aspirin for primary thrombosis prevention in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in asymptomatic antiphospholipid antibody-positive individuals. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;56:2382–91.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , pp. 2382-2391
    • Erkan, D.1    Harrison, M.J.2    Levy, R.3    Peterson, M.4    Petri, M.5    Sammaritano, L.6
  • 77
    • 84892535614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose aspirin vs low-dose aspirin plus low-intensity warfarin in thromboprophylaxis: a prospective, multicentre, randomized, open, controlled trial in patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (ALIWAPAS)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhtVOht7c%3D
    • Cuadrado MJ, Bertolaccini ML, Seed PT, Tektonidou MG, Aguirre A, Mico L, et al. Low-dose aspirin vs low-dose aspirin plus low-intensity warfarin in thromboprophylaxis: a prospective, multicentre, randomized, open, controlled trial in patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (ALIWAPAS). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014;53:275–84.
    • (2014) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.53 , pp. 275-284
    • Cuadrado, M.J.1    Bertolaccini, M.L.2    Seed, P.T.3    Tektonidou, M.G.4    Aguirre, A.5    Mico, L.6
  • 78
    • 84878655408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The early protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on the risk of cumulative damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtV2mtbnN, PID: 23588942
    • Akhavan PS, Su J, Lou W, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Fortin PR. The early protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on the risk of cumulative damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2013;40:831–41.
    • (2013) J Rheumatol , vol.40 , pp. 831-841
    • Akhavan, P.S.1    Su, J.2    Lou, W.3    Gladman, D.D.4    Urowitz, M.B.5    Fortin, P.R.6
  • 79
    • 0026074414 scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • 79. Bykerk V, Sampalis J, Esdaile JM, choquette D, Senecal JL, Danoff D, et al. A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus. N. Engl. J. Med. 1991;324:150–4.
    • (1991) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.324 , pp. 150-154
    • Bykerk, V.1    Sampalis, J.2    Esdaile, J.M.3    choquette, D.4    Senecal, J.L.5    Danoff, D.6
  • 80
    • 84867498972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal evaluation of the lipid-lowering effect
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhslWju7nP, PID: 22641182
    • Cairoli E, Rebella M, Danese N, Garra V, Borba EF. Hydroxychloroquine reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal evaluation of the lipid-lowering effect. Lupus. 2012;21:1178–82.
    • (2012) Lupus , vol.21 , pp. 1178-1182
    • Cairoli, E.1    Rebella, M.2    Danese, N.3    Garra, V.4    Borba, E.F.5
  • 81
    • 67049088535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of lupus skin involvement with quinacrine and hydroxychloroquine
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXptVOjtbg%3D, PID: 19502270
    • Cavazzana I, Sala R, Bazzani C, Ceribelli A, Zane C, Cattaneo R, et al. Treatment of lupus skin involvement with quinacrine and hydroxychloroquine. Lupus. 2009;18:735–9.
    • (2009) Lupus , vol.18 , pp. 735-739
    • Cavazzana, I.1    Sala, R.2    Bazzani, C.3    Ceribelli, A.4    Zane, C.5    Cattaneo, R.6
  • 82
    • 73449120372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFOlsrk%3D, PID: 19103632
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zeron P, Khamashta MA. Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:20–8.
    • (2010) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.69 , pp. 20-28
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Ramos-Casals, M.2    Brito-Zeron, P.3    Khamashta, M.A.4
  • 83
    • 33750499270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1Gru7zJ, PID: 17080912
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Egurbide MV, Pijoan JI, Garmendia M, Villar I, Martinez-Berriotxoa A, et al. Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2006;15:577–83.
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , pp. 577-583
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Egurbide, M.V.2    Pijoan, J.I.3    Garmendia, M.4    Villar, I.5    Martinez-Berriotxoa, A.6
  • 84
    • 58349097555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies
    • PID: 19116963
    • Tektonidou MG, Laskari K, Panagiotakos DB, Moutsopoulos HM. Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:29–36.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.61 , pp. 29-36
    • Tektonidou, M.G.1    Laskari, K.2    Panagiotakos, D.B.3    Moutsopoulos, H.M.4
  • 85
    • 65149094443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, predictors and outcome of vascular damage in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1Mzgtlamsw%3D%3D, PID: 19395452
    • Becker-Merok A, Nossent J. Prevalence, predictors and outcome of vascular damage in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2009;18:508–15.
    • (2009) Lupus , vol.18 , pp. 508-515
    • Becker-Merok, A.1    Nossent, J.2
  • 86
    • 84871867984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine use is associated with lower odds of persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies and/or lupus anticoagulant in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvV2huro%3D, PID: 22859353
    • Broder A, Putterman C. Hydroxychloroquine use is associated with lower odds of persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies and/or lupus anticoagulant in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2013;40:30–3.
    • (2013) J Rheumatol , vol.40 , pp. 30-33
    • Broder, A.1    Putterman, C.2
  • 87
    • 84861551121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CAPS Registry
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC38nms1Wqtw%3D%3D, PID: 22635223
    • Cervera R. CAPS Registry. Lupus. 2012;21:755–7.
    • (2012) Lupus , vol.21 , pp. 755-757
    • Cervera, R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.