Diabetes, Lower-Extremity amputation, and death

Diabetes Care

Volumn 38, Issue 10, 2015, Pages 1852-1857

  Hoffstad, Ole ^a   Mitra, Nandita ^a   Walsh, Jonathan ^a   Margolis, David J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHARLSON COMORBIDITY INDEX; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC FOOT; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LEG AMPUTATION; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; AMPUTATION; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHY; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; MORTALITY; UNITED KINGDOM;

AGED; AMPUTATION; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES; DIABETIC FOOT; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHIES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE;

EID: 84962343737     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: 19355548     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2337/dc15-0536     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Boulton AJ, Vileikyte L, Ragnarson-Tennvall G, Apelqvist J. The global burden of diabetic foot disease. Lancet 2005;366:1719-1724.
2. Margolis DJ, Jeffcoate W. Epidemiology of foot ulceration and amputation: can global variation be explained? Med Clin North Am 2013; 97:791-805.
3. Feinglass J, Shively VP, Martin GJ, et al. How 'preventable' are lower extremity amputations? A qualitative study of patient perceptions of precipitating factors. Disabil Rehabil 2012;34: 2158-2165.
4. Margolis D, Malay DS, Hoffstad OJ, et al. Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Lower Extremity Amputation Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2006 to 2008. Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2010.
5. Margolis D, Malay DS, Hoffstad OJ, et al. Prevalence of Diabetes, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, and Lower Extremity Amputation Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2006 to 2008. Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2010.
6. Margolis D, Malay DS, Hoffstad OJ, et al. Economic Burden of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Amputations Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 2006 to 2008. Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2010.
7. Maldonado G, Greenland S. Simulation study of confounder-selection strategies. Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:923-936.
8. Diabetes UK. Putting feet first: Diabetes UK position on preventing amputations and improving foot care for people with diabetes [Internet], 2014. Available from https://www.diabetes.org.uk/Documents/Position%20statements/Putting%20feet%20first%20position%20statement%20Nov%202014.pdf. Accessed 14 April 2015.
9. Taylor SM, York JW, Cull DL, Kalbaugh CA, Cass AL, Langan EM 3rd. Clinical success using patient-oriented outcome measures after lower extremity bypass and endovascular intervention for ischemic tissue loss. J Vasc Surg 2009; 50:534-541.
10. Taylor SM, Kalbaugh CA, Blackhurst DW, et al. Preoperative clinical factors predict postoperative functional outcomes after major lower limb amputation: An analysis of 553 consecutive patients. J Vasc Surg 2005;42:227-235.
11. O'Hare AM, Feinglass J, Reiber GE, et al. Postoperative mortality after nontraumatic lower extremity amputation in patients with renal insufficiency. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15: 427-434.
12. O'Brien PJ, Cox MW, Shortell CK, Scarborough JE. Risk factors for early failure of surgical amputations: An analysis of 8, 878 isolated lower extremity amputation procedures. J Am Coll Surg 2013;216:836-842.
13. Larsson J, Agardh CD, Apelqvist J, Stenstrom A. Long-term prognosis after healed amputation in patients with diabetes. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998 (350):149-158.
14. Margolis DJ, Hoffstad O, Nafash J, et al. Location, location, location: geographic clustering of lower-extremity amputation among Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2363-2367.
15. Tentolouris N, Al-Sabbagh S, Walker MG, Boulton AJ, Jude EB. Mortality in diabetic and nondiabetic patients after amputations performed from 1990 to 1995: A 5-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 2004;27:1598-1604.
16. Cancer Facts & Figures 2015. Atlanta, GA, American Cancer Society, 2015.
17. Fortington LV, Geertzen JHB, van Netten JJ, Postema K, Rommers GM, Dijkstra PU. Short and long term mortality rates after a lower limb amputation. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2013;46:124-131.
18. Morbach S, Furchert H, Groblinghoff U, et al. Long-term prognosis of diabetic foot patients and their limbs: Amputation and death over the course of a decade. Diabetes Care 2012;35:2021-2027.
19. Moulik PK, Mtonga R, Gill GV. Amputation and mortality in new-onset diabetic foot ulcers stratified by etiology. Diabetes Care 2003;26: 491-494.
20. Schofield CJ, Libby G, Brennan GM, MacAlpine RR, Morris AD, Leese GP; DARTS/MEMO Collaboration. Mortality and hospitalization in patients after amputation: A comparison between patients with and without diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006;29:2252-2256.
21. Gelfand JM, Neimann AL, Shin DB, Wang X, Margolis DJ, Troxel AB. Risk of myocardial infarction in patients with psoriasis. JAMA 2006; 296:1735-1741.
22. Margolis DJ, Bilker W, Knauss J, Baumgarten M, Strom BL. The incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers among elderly patients in general medical practice. Ann Epidemiol 2002;12:321-325.
23. Margolis DJ, Knauss J, Bilker W. Medical conditions associated with venous leg ulcers. Br J Dermatol 2004;150:267-273.
24. Margolis DJ, Hofstad O, Feldman HI. Association between renal failure and foot ulcer or lower-extremity amputation in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008;31:1331-1336.
25. Azfar RS, Seminara NM, Shin DB, Troxel AB, Margolis DJ, Gelfand JM. Increased risk of diabetes mellitus and likelihood of receiving diabetes mellitus treatment in patients with psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 2012;148:995-1000.
26. Khan NF, Harrison SE, Rose PW. Validity of diagnostic coding within the General Practice Research Database: A systematic review. Br J Gen Pract 2010;60:e128-e136.
27. Holman N, Young RJ, Jeffcoate WJ. Variation in the recorded incidence of amputation of the lower limb in England. Diabetologia 2012;55:1919-1925.
28. Quan H, Li B, Couris CM, et al. Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries. Am J Epidemiol 2011;173:676-682.
29. Prentice RL. Surrogate endpoints in clinical trials: definition and operational criteria. Stat Med 1989;8:431-440.
30. Mitra N, Heitjan DF. Sensitivity of the hazard ratio to nonignorable treatment assignment in an observational study. Stat Med 2007;26: 1398-1414.
31. Bates BE, Xie D, Kurichi JE, Cowper Ripley D, Kwong PL, Stineman MG. Revisiting risks associated with mortality following initial transtibial or transfemoral amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012;49:1479-1492.
32. Kristensen MT, Holm G, Kirketerp-Møller K, Krasheninnikoff M, Gebuhr P. Very low survival rates after non-traumatic lower limb amputation in a consecutive series: What to do? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012;14:543-547.
33. Jeffcoate WJ, Young B, Holman N. The variation in incidence of amputation throughout England. Practical Diabetes 2012;29:205-207.
34. Lewis JD, Brensinger C, Bilker WB, Strom BL. Validity and completeness of the General Practice Research Database for studies of inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2002;11:211-218.
35. Naschitz JE, Lenger R. Why traumatic leg amputees are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. QJM 2008;101:251-259.