메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 478-486

Antiphospholipid Syndrome and the Kidney

Author keywords

Antiphospholipid antibodies; Antiphospholipid syndrome; APS nephropathy; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY;

EID: 84961620932     PISSN: 02709295     EISSN: 15584488     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.08.009     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 33344458573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
    • Miyakis S., Lockshin M.D., Atsumi T., et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006, 4:295-306.
    • (2006) J Thromb Haemost , vol.4 , pp. 295-306
    • Miyakis, S.1    Lockshin, M.D.2    Atsumi, T.3
  • 2
    • 0025332446 scopus 로고
    • SLE: a rheumatological view. Analysis of the clinical features, serology and immunogenetics of 100 SLE patients during long-term follow-up
    • Worrall J.G., Snaith M.L., Batchelor J.R., et al. SLE: a rheumatological view. Analysis of the clinical features, serology and immunogenetics of 100 SLE patients during long-term follow-up. QJM 1990, 74:319-330.
    • (1990) QJM , vol.74 , pp. 319-330
    • Worrall, J.G.1    Snaith, M.L.2    Batchelor, J.R.3
  • 3
    • 0015020922 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of systemic lupus erythematosus by prospective analysis
    • Estes D., Christian C.L. The natural history of systemic lupus erythematosus by prospective analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 1971, 50:85-95.
    • (1971) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.50 , pp. 85-95
    • Estes, D.1    Christian, C.L.2
  • 4
    • 84897112805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lupus nephritis: the evolving role of novel therapeutics
    • Rovin B.H., Parikh S.V. Lupus nephritis: the evolving role of novel therapeutics. Am J Kidney Dis 2014, 63:677-690.
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.63 , pp. 677-690
    • Rovin, B.H.1    Parikh, S.V.2
  • 6
    • 84934930787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in the antiphospholipid syndrome during a 10-year period: a multicentre prospective study of 1000 patients
    • Cervera R., Serrano R., Pons-Estel G.J., et al. Morbidity and mortality in the antiphospholipid syndrome during a 10-year period: a multicentre prospective study of 1000 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2015, 74:1011-1018.
    • (2015) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.74 , pp. 1011-1018
    • Cervera, R.1    Serrano, R.2    Pons-Estel, G.J.3
  • 7
    • 33645077875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The placental bed in pregnancies complicated by primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Stone S., Pijnenborg R., Vercruysse L., et al. The placental bed in pregnancies complicated by primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Placenta 2006, 27:457-467.
    • (2006) Placenta , vol.27 , pp. 457-467
    • Stone, S.1    Pijnenborg, R.2    Vercruysse, L.3
  • 8
    • 79953321819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task Force on Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) and non-criteria APS manifestations (I): catastrophic APS, APS nephropathy and heart valve lesions
    • Cervera R., Tektonidou M.G., Espinosa G., et al. Task Force on Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) and non-criteria APS manifestations (I): catastrophic APS, APS nephropathy and heart valve lesions. Lupus 2011, 20:165-173.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 165-173
    • Cervera, R.1    Tektonidou, M.G.2    Espinosa, G.3
  • 9
    • 0036204342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies do not a syndrome make
    • Stone S., Langford K., Nelson-Piercy C., et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies do not a syndrome make. Lupus 2002, 11:130-133.
    • (2002) Lupus , vol.11 , pp. 130-133
    • Stone, S.1    Langford, K.2    Nelson-Piercy, C.3
  • 10
    • 79958086576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of antiphospholipid syndrome: understanding the antibodies
    • Meroni P.L., Borghi M.O., Raschi E., et al. Pathogenesis of antiphospholipid syndrome: understanding the antibodies. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2011, 7:330-339.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.7 , pp. 330-339
    • Meroni, P.L.1    Borghi, M.O.2    Raschi, E.3
  • 11
    • 0034805912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenic mechanisms mediating antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Meroni P.L., Riboldi R. Pathogenic mechanisms mediating antiphospholipid syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2001, 13:377-382.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Rheumatol , vol.13 , pp. 377-382
    • Meroni, P.L.1    Riboldi, R.2
  • 12
    • 85047689070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal involvement in antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Sciascia S., Cuadrado M.J., Khamashta M., et al. Renal involvement in antiphospholipid syndrome. Nat Rev Nephrol 2014, 10:279-289.
    • (2014) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.10 , pp. 279-289
    • Sciascia, S.1    Cuadrado, M.J.2    Khamashta, M.3
  • 13
    • 84874980560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Giannakopoulos B., Krilis S.A. The pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013, 368:1033-1044.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.368 , pp. 1033-1044
    • Giannakopoulos, B.1    Krilis, S.A.2
  • 14
    • 84880624851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GAPSS: the Global Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome Score
    • Sciascia S., Sanna G., Murru V., et al. GAPSS: the Global Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome Score. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013, 52:1397-1403.
    • (2013) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.52 , pp. 1397-1403
    • Sciascia, S.1    Sanna, G.2    Murru, V.3
  • 15
    • 0028203811 scopus 로고
    • Vasculitis in the antiphospholipid syndrome: culprit or consort?
    • Lie J.T. Vasculitis in the antiphospholipid syndrome: culprit or consort?. J Rheumatol 1994, 21:397-399.
    • (1994) J Rheumatol , vol.21 , pp. 397-399
    • Lie, J.T.1
  • 16
    • 0026629923 scopus 로고
    • Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Amigo M.C., Garcia-Torres R., Robles M., et al. Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol 1992, 19:1181-1185.
    • (1992) J Rheumatol , vol.19 , pp. 1181-1185
    • Amigo, M.C.1    Garcia-Torres, R.2    Robles, M.3
  • 17
    • 77954767182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: retrospective analysis of 160 patients
    • Sinico R.A., Cavazzana I., Nuzzo M., et al. Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: retrospective analysis of 160 patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010, 5:1211-1217.
    • (2010) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.5 , pp. 1211-1217
    • Sinico, R.A.1    Cavazzana, I.2    Nuzzo, M.3
  • 18
    • 4043055247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibodies: prevalence, clinical associations, and long-term outcome
    • Tektonidou M.G., Sotsiou F., Nakopoulou L., et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibodies: prevalence, clinical associations, and long-term outcome. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50:2569-2579.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 2569-2579
    • Tektonidou, M.G.1    Sotsiou, F.2    Nakopoulou, L.3
  • 19
    • 0036137594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Daugas E., Nochy D., Huong D.L., et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002, 13:42-52.
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , pp. 42-52
    • Daugas, E.1    Nochy, D.2    Huong, D.L.3
  • 20
    • 33744946274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid syndrome and the kidneys
    • Uthman I., Khamashta M. Antiphospholipid syndrome and the kidneys. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2006, 35:360-367.
    • (2006) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.35 , pp. 360-367
    • Uthman, I.1    Khamashta, M.2
  • 21
    • 0033912455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The renal pathology of primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a distinctive form of endothelial injury
    • Griffiths M.H., Papadaki L., Neild G.H. The renal pathology of primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a distinctive form of endothelial injury. QJM 2000, 93:457-467.
    • (2000) QJM , vol.93 , pp. 457-467
    • Griffiths, M.H.1    Papadaki, L.2    Neild, G.H.3
  • 22
    • 0028032166 scopus 로고
    • Deterioration of renal function in a patient with lupus
    • Rankin E.C., Nield G.H., Isenberg D.A. Deterioration of renal function in a patient with lupus. Ann Rheum Dis 1994, 53:67-71.
    • (1994) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.53 , pp. 67-71
    • Rankin, E.C.1    Nield, G.H.2    Isenberg, D.A.3
  • 23
    • 77957244578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What nephrologists need to know about antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Alchi B., Griffiths M., Jayne D. What nephrologists need to know about antiphospholipid syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010, 25:3147-3154.
    • (2010) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.25 , pp. 3147-3154
    • Alchi, B.1    Griffiths, M.2    Jayne, D.3
  • 24
    • 84864402709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic microangiopathy and associated renal disorders
    • Barbour T., Johnson S., Cohney S., et al. Thrombotic microangiopathy and associated renal disorders. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012, 27:2673-2685.
    • (2012) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.27 , pp. 2673-2685
    • Barbour, T.1    Johnson, S.2    Cohney, S.3
  • 25
    • 84922593999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force. Report on antiphospholipid syndrome laboratory diagnostics and trends
    • Bertolaccini M.L., Amengual O., Andreoli L., et al. 14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force. Report on antiphospholipid syndrome laboratory diagnostics and trends. Autoimmun Rev 2014, 13:917-930.
    • (2014) Autoimmun Rev , vol.13 , pp. 917-930
    • Bertolaccini, M.L.1    Amengual, O.2    Andreoli, L.3
  • 26
    • 0036089429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: proposed guidelines for diagnosis and treatment
    • Asherson R.A., Espinosa G., Cervera R., et al. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: proposed guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. J Clin Rheumatol 2002, 8:157-165.
    • (2002) J Clin Rheumatol , vol.8 , pp. 157-165
    • Asherson, R.A.1    Espinosa, G.2    Cervera, R.3
  • 27
    • 0032979820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intrarenal vascular lesions associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Nochy D., Daugas E., Droz D., et al. The intrarenal vascular lesions associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999, 10:507-518.
    • (1999) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.10 , pp. 507-518
    • Nochy, D.1    Daugas, E.2    Droz, D.3
  • 28
    • 0031834325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of anticardiolipin antibodies with intraglomerular thrombi and renal dysfunction in lupus nephritis
    • Bhandari S., Harnden P., Brownjohn A.M., et al. Association of anticardiolipin antibodies with intraglomerular thrombi and renal dysfunction in lupus nephritis. QJM 1998, 91:401-409.
    • (1998) QJM , vol.91 , pp. 401-409
    • Bhandari, S.1    Harnden, P.2    Brownjohn, A.M.3
  • 29
    • 67650657816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibody profiles in lupus nephritis with glomerular microthrombosis: a prospective study of 124 cases
    • Zheng H., Chen Y., Ao W., et al. Antiphospholipid antibody profiles in lupus nephritis with glomerular microthrombosis: a prospective study of 124 cases. Arthritis Res Ther 2009, 11:R93.
    • (2009) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.11 , pp. R93
    • Zheng, H.1    Chen, Y.2    Ao, W.3
  • 30
    • 0028280266 scopus 로고
    • Renal biopsy in systemic lupus erythematosus: significance of glomerular thrombosis. Analysis of 108 cases
    • Miranda J.M., Garcia-Torres R., Jara L.J., et al. Renal biopsy in systemic lupus erythematosus: significance of glomerular thrombosis. Analysis of 108 cases. Lupus 1994, 3:25-29.
    • (1994) Lupus , vol.3 , pp. 25-29
    • Miranda, J.M.1    Garcia-Torres, R.2    Jara, L.J.3
  • 31
    • 0346688744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High impact of antiphospholipid syndrome on irreversible organ damage and survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G., Egurbide M.V., Ugalde J., et al. High impact of antiphospholipid syndrome on irreversible organ damage and survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Intern Med 2004, 164:77-82.
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 77-82
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Egurbide, M.V.2    Ugalde, J.3
  • 32
    • 9144234103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with an increased risk for chronic renal insufficiency in patients with lupus nephritis
    • Moroni G., Ventura D., Riva P., et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with an increased risk for chronic renal insufficiency in patients with lupus nephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 2004, 43:28-36.
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.43 , pp. 28-36
    • Moroni, G.1    Ventura, D.2    Riva, P.3
  • 33
    • 84899507954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy and lupus nephritis: a case-control study [abstract THU0308]
    • Pérez Velásquez C., Isenberg D., Croca S. Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy and lupus nephritis: a case-control study [abstract THU0308]. Ann Rheum Dis 2013, 72(Suppl 3):270.
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.72 , pp. 270
    • Pérez Velásquez, C.1    Isenberg, D.2    Croca, S.3
  • 34
    • 80052696698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kwok L.W., Tam L.S., Zhu T., et al. Predictors of maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2011, 20:829-836.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 829-836
    • Kwok, L.W.1    Tam, L.S.2    Zhu, T.3
  • 35
    • 78149308775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis
    • Smyth A., Oliveira G.H., Lahr B.D., et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010, 5:2060-2068.
    • (2010) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.5 , pp. 2060-2068
    • Smyth, A.1    Oliveira, G.H.2    Lahr, B.D.3
  • 36
    • 0024093065 scopus 로고
    • Lupus anticoagulant associated with renal thrombotic microangiopathy and pregnancy-related renal failure
    • Kincaid-Smith P., Fairley K.F., Kloss M. Lupus anticoagulant associated with renal thrombotic microangiopathy and pregnancy-related renal failure. QJM 1988, 68:795-815.
    • (1988) QJM , vol.68 , pp. 795-815
    • Kincaid-Smith, P.1    Fairley, K.F.2    Kloss, M.3
  • 37
    • 0025834557 scopus 로고
    • Post partum renal failure in systemic lupus erythematosus associated with circulating lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody
    • Kincaid-Smith P. Post partum renal failure in systemic lupus erythematosus associated with circulating lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. Clin Nephrol 1991, 36:52.
    • (1991) Clin Nephrol , vol.36 , pp. 52
    • Kincaid-Smith, P.1
  • 38
    • 79953305113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G., Cuadrado M.J., Ruiz-Arruza I., et al. Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies. Lupus 2011, 20:206-218.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 206-218
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Cuadrado, M.J.2    Ruiz-Arruza, I.3
  • 39
    • 84896544929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force Report on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Treatment Trends
    • Erkan D., Aguiar C.L., Andrade D., et al. 14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force Report on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Treatment Trends. Autoimmun Rev 2014, 13:685-696.
    • (2014) Autoimmun Rev , vol.13 , pp. 685-696
    • Erkan, D.1    Aguiar, C.L.2    Andrade, D.3
  • 40
    • 58349097555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies
    • Tektonidou M.G., Laskari K., Panagiotakos D.B., et al. Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 61:29-36.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.61 , pp. 29-36
    • Tektonidou, M.G.1    Laskari, K.2    Panagiotakos, D.B.3
  • 41
    • 14944339194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients with antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome: outcome following anticoagulation
    • Sangle S.R., D'Cruz D.P., Abbs I.C., et al. Renal artery stenosis in hypertensive patients with antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome: outcome following anticoagulation. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005, 44:372-377.
    • (2005) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.44 , pp. 372-377
    • Sangle, S.R.1    D'Cruz, D.P.2    Abbs, I.C.3
  • 42
    • 0142023737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and its response to immunosuppressive therapy
    • Korkmaz C., Kabukcuoğlu S., Isiksoy S., et al. Renal involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and its response to immunosuppressive therapy. Lupus 2003, 12:760-765.
    • (2003) Lupus , vol.12 , pp. 760-765
    • Korkmaz, C.1    Kabukcuoğlu, S.2    Isiksoy, S.3
  • 43
    • 79959774679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin-related nephropathy occurs in patients with and without chronic kidney disease and is associated with an increased mortality rate
    • Brodsky S.V., Nadasdy T., Rovin B.H., et al. Warfarin-related nephropathy occurs in patients with and without chronic kidney disease and is associated with an increased mortality rate. Kidney Int 2011, 80:181-189.
    • (2011) Kidney Int , vol.80 , pp. 181-189
    • Brodsky, S.V.1    Nadasdy, T.2    Rovin, B.H.3
  • 44
    • 0027635990 scopus 로고
    • Reversible renal failure in the primary antiphospholipid syndrome--a report of two cases
    • Sokunbi D.O., Miller F., Wadhwa N.K., et al. Reversible renal failure in the primary antiphospholipid syndrome--a report of two cases. J Am Soc Nephrol 1993, 4:28-35.
    • (1993) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 28-35
    • Sokunbi, D.O.1    Miller, F.2    Wadhwa, N.K.3
  • 45
    • 84864749163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of thrombosis relapse in antiphospholipid syndrome patients refractory to conventional therapy using intravenous immunoglobulin
    • Sciascia S., Giachino O., Roccatello D. Prevention of thrombosis relapse in antiphospholipid syndrome patients refractory to conventional therapy using intravenous immunoglobulin. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012, 30:409-413.
    • (2012) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 409-413
    • Sciascia, S.1    Giachino, O.2    Roccatello, D.3
  • 46
    • 84929471149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivaroxaban use in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and previous venous thromboembolism
    • Sciascia S., Breen K., Hunt B.J. Rivaroxaban use in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and previous venous thromboembolism. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2015, 26:476-477.
    • (2015) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.26 , pp. 476-477
    • Sciascia, S.1    Breen, K.2    Hunt, B.J.3
  • 47
    • 84867004599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new dawn of anticoagulation for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome?
    • Giles I., Khamashta M., D'Cruz D., et al. A new dawn of anticoagulation for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome?. Lupus 2012, 21:1263-1265.
    • (2012) Lupus , vol.21 , pp. 1263-1265
    • Giles, I.1    Khamashta, M.2    D'Cruz, D.3
  • 48
    • 80052883866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-induced downregulation of antiphospholipid antibodies: effect of rituximab alone on clinical and laboratory features of antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Sciascia S., Naretto C., Rossi D., et al. Treatment-induced downregulation of antiphospholipid antibodies: effect of rituximab alone on clinical and laboratory features of antiphospholipid syndrome. Lupus 2011, 20:1106-1108.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 1106-1108
    • Sciascia, S.1    Naretto, C.2    Rossi, D.3
  • 49
    • 84873846125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Erkan D., Vega J., Ramón G., et al. A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2013, 65:464-471.
    • (2013) Arthritis Rheum , vol.65 , pp. 464-471
    • Erkan, D.1    Vega, J.2    Ramón, G.3
  • 50
    • 62849100961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches for managing antiphospholipid syndrome
    • Erkan D., Lockshin M.D. New approaches for managing antiphospholipid syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2009, 5:160-170.
    • (2009) Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol , vol.5 , pp. 160-170
    • Erkan, D.1    Lockshin, M.D.2
  • 51
    • 79957595997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eculizumab and renal transplantation in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: effect of heparin on complement activation
    • Velik-Salchner C., Lederer W., Wiedermann F. Eculizumab and renal transplantation in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: effect of heparin on complement activation. Lupus 2011, 20:772.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 772
    • Velik-Salchner, C.1    Lederer, W.2    Wiedermann, F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.