How polycentric is urban China and why? A case study of 318 cities

Landscape and Urban Planning

Volumn 151, Issue , 2016, Pages 10-20

  Liu, Xingjian ^a,b   Wang, Mingshu ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

China; Intra city; Polycentricity; Subcenters; Urban form; Urban policy

Indexed keywords

REGRESSION ANALYSIS; URBAN GROWTH;

CHINA; INTRA-CITY; POLYCENTRICITY; SUBCENTERS; URBAN FORM; URBAN POLICY;

POPULATION STATISTICS;

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT; SPATIAL DATA; TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING; URBAN DESIGN; URBAN DEVELOPMENT; URBAN PLANNING; URBAN POLICY;

CHINA; SHANGHAI; TIANJIN;

EID: 84961620641     PISSN: 01692046     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.03.007     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Anas A., Arnott R., Small K.A. Urban spatial structure. Journal of Economic Literature 1998, 36(3):1426-1464.
2. Audirac I. Information technology and urban form: challenges to smart growth. International Regional Science Review 2005, 28(2):119-145.
3. Bai X., Shi P., Liu Y. Society: realizing China's urban dream. Nature 2014, 509(7499):158.
4. Batty M. The size, scale, and shape of cities. Science 2008, 319:769-771.
5. Batty M. The new science of cities 2013, MIT Press, Boston, MA.
6. Burger M., Meijers E. Form follows function? Linking morphological and functional polycentricity. Urban Studies 2012, 49(5):1127-1149.
7. Cervero R. America's suburban centers: the land use-transportation link 1989, Routledge, London.
8. Chang C., Wang Y. The nature of the township-village enterprise. Journal of Comparative Economics 1994, 19(3):434-452.
9. Chen J., Gong P., He C., Luo W., Tamura M., Shi P. Assessment of the urban development plan of Beijing by using a CA-based urban growth model. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2002, 68(10):1063-1072.
10. Combes P.P., Overman H.G. The spatial distribution of economic activities in the European Union. Handbook of regional and urban economics 2004, 2845-2909. Elsevier, Amsterdam. J.V. Henderson, J.F. Thisse (Eds.).
11. Dobson J.E., Bright E.A., Coleman P.R., Durfee R.C., Worley B.A. LandScan: a global population database for estimating populations at risk. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2000, 66(7):849-857.
12. Douglas I. Urban geomorphology. The Routledge handbook of urban ecology 2011, 159-163. Routledge, London. I. Douglas, D. Goode, M. Houck, R. Wang (Eds.).
13. Fan C.C., Sun M. Regional inequality in China, 1978-2006. Eurasian Geography and Economics 2008, 49(1):1-18.
14. Feng J., Wang F., Zhou Y. The spatial restructuring of population in metropolitan Beijing: toward polycentricity in the post-reform era. Urban Geography 2009, 30(7):779-802.
15. Fragkias M., Seto K.C. Evolving rank-size distributions of intra-metropolitan urban clusters in South China. Computers Environment and Urban Systems 2009, 33(3):189-199.
16. Gabaix X., Ibragimov R. Rank- 1/2: a simple way to improve the OLS estimation of tail exponents. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 2011, 29(1):24-39.
17. Giuliano G., Small K.A. Subcenters in the Los Angeles region. Regional Science and Urban Economics 1991, 21(2):163-182.
18. Green N. Functional polycentricity: a formal definition in terms of social network analysis. Urban Studies 2007, 44(11):2077-2103.
19. Halbert L., Convery F.J., Thierstein A. Reflections on the polycentric metropolis. Built Environment 2006, 32(2):110-113.
20. Hall P.G., Pain K. The polycentric metropolis: learning from mega-city regions in Europe 2006, Routledge, London.
21. Herold M., Goldstein N.C., Clarke K.C. The spatiotemporal form of urban growth: measurement, analysis and modeling. Remote Sensing of Environment 2003, 86(3):286-302.
22. Huang J., Lu X., Sellers J.M. A global comparative analysis of urban form: applying spatial metrics and remote sensing. Landscape and Urban Planning 2007, 82(4):184-197.
23. Jiao L.M. Urban land density function: a new method to characterize urban expansion. Landscape and Urban Planning 2015, 139:26-39.
24. Lee B. Edge or edgeless cities? Urban spatial structure in us metropolitan areas, 1980-2000. Journal of Regional Science 2007, 47(3):479-515.
25. Lee S., Lee B. The influence of urban form on GHG emissions in the U.S. household sector. Energy Policy 2014, 68:534-549.
26. Lehmann S. Low-to-no carbon city: lessons from western urban projects for the rapid transformation of Shanghai. Habitat International 2013, 37:61-69.
27. Leslie T. Identification and differentiation of urban centers in Phoenix throught a multi-criteria kernel-density approach. International Regional Science Review 2010, 33:205-235.
28. Li Y. Chinese city and regional planning systems. Surrey, Farnham-Ashgate 2014.
29. Lin G.C.S. State policy and spatial restructuring in post-reform China 1978-95. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 1999, 23(4):670-696.
30. Lin G.C.S. The growth and structural change of Chinese cities: a contextual and geographic analysis. Cities 2002, 19(5):299-316.
31. Liu, X., Derudder, B., Wu, K., Measuring polycentric urban development in China: an intercity transportation network perspective, Regional Studies, 2015, (ahead-of-print):1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1004535.
32. Liu A., Zou Z., Liu M. On evolution of metropolitan spatial structure based on population density models: a case study of Tianjin. Urban Development 2015, 3(022). in Chinese.
33. Long H., Wu X., Wang W., Dong G. Analysis of urban-rural land-use change during 1995-2006 and its policy dimensional driving forces in Chongqing, China. Sensors 2008, 8(2):681-699.
34. Long Y., Gu Y., Han H. Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of urban planning implementation effectiveness: evidence from five urban master plans of Beijing. Landscape and Urban Planning 2012, 108(2-4):103-111.
35. Luo J., Wei Y.H.D. Modeling spatial variations of urban growth patterns in Chinese cities: The case of Nanjing. Landscape and Urban Planning 2009, 91(2):51-64.
36. McMillen D.P. Nonparametric employment subcenter identification. Journal of Urban Economics 2001, 50(3):448-473.
37. Meijers E. Measuring polycentricity and its promises. European Planning Studies 2008, 16(9):1313-1323.
38. Meijers E.J., Burger M.J. Spatial structure and productivity in US metropolitan areas. Environment and Planning A 2010, 42(6):1383-1402.
39. Musterd S., Kloosterman R.C. The polycentric urban region: towards a research agenda. Urban Studies 2001, 38(4):623-633.
40. Nelson A.C., Lang R.E. Megapolitan america. Planning 2011, 77(10).
41. Parr J. The polycentric urban region: a closer inspection. Regional Studies 2004, 38(3):231-240.
42. Peck J., Zhang J. A variety of capitalism . . . with Chinese characteristics?. Journal of Economic Geography 2013, 13:357-396.
43. Pereira R.H.M., Nadalin V., Monasterio L., Albuquerque P.H.M. Urban centrality: a simple index. Geographical Analysis 2013, 45(1):77-89.
44. Putterman L. On the past and future of china's township and village-owned enterprises. World Development 1997, 25(10):1639-1655.
45. Qin B., Han S.S. Emerging polycentricity in Beijing: evidence from housing price variations 2001-05. Urban Studies 2013, 50(10):2006-2023.
46. Ratti C., Richens P. Raster analysis of urban form. Environment and Planning B 2004, 31(2):297-310.
47. Schneider A., Woodcock C.E. Compact, dispersed, fragmented, extensive? A comparison of urban growth in twenty-five global cities using remotely sensed data, pattern metrics and census information. Urban Studies 2008, 45(3):659-692.
48. Shen J., Wang G. Estimating the contributions of migration factors to interprovincial migration in China 1995-2000. Annals of GIS 2012, 18(4):257-266.
49. Sun B., Shi W., Ning Y. An empirical study on the polycentric urban structure of Shanghai and strategies in future. Urban Planning Forum 2010, 58-63. In Chinese.
50. Sun, B., Wei, X., (2015). Polycentric structure: the future of Chinese mega-cities (In Chinese), People's Forum. 17, 4-15.
51. Sun C., Wu Z.F., Lv Z.Q., Yao N., Wei J.B. Quantifying different types of urban growth and the change dynamic in Guangzhou using multi-temporal remote sensing data. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2013, 21:409-417.
52. Sun T., Li G., Lu M. Concentration and decentralization of population in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region and its determinants: a regional density function approach. Acta Geographica Sinica 2009, 8:009.
53. Vasanen A. Functional polycentricity: examining metropolitan spatial structure through the connectivity of urban sub-centres. Urban Studies 2012, 49(16):3627-3644.
54. Wang F., Meng Y. Analyzing urban population change patterns in Shenyang, China 1982-90: density function and spatial association approaches. Annals of GIS 1999, 5(2):121-130.
55. Wang M., Zhou J., Long Y., Chen F. Outside the ivory tower: visualizing university students' top transit-trip destinations and popular corridors. Regional Studies, Regional Science 2016, 3(1):202-206.
56. Wen H., Tao Y. Polycentric urban structure and housing price in the transitional China: evidence from Hangzhou. Habitat International 2015, 46:138-146.
57. World Bank, (2015). East Asia's changing urban landscape: measuring a decade of spatial growth. Retrieved from Washington, DC, USA: . http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/01/23894228/east-asias-changing-urban-landscape-measuring-decade-spatial-growth-vol-2-full-report.
58. Wu F. Polycentric urban development and land-use change in a transitional economy: the case of Guangzhou. Environment and Planning A 1998, 30(6):1077-1100.
59. Wu F., Phelps N.A. (Post) suburban development and state entrepreneurialism in Beijing's outer suburbs. Environment and Planning A 2011, 43(2):410-430.
60. Wu F., Yeh A.G.-O. Urban spatial structure in a transitional economy: the case of Guangzhou, China. Journal of the American Planning Association 1999, 65(4):377-394.
61. Wu K., Long Y., Mao Q., Liu X. Featured graphic. Mushrooming Jiedaos, growing cities: an alternative perspective on urbanizing China. Environment and Planning A 2015, 47:1-2.
62. Xie Y., Batty M., Zhao K. Simulating emergent urban form using agent-based modeling: desakota in the Suzhou-Wuxian region in China. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 2007, 97(3):477-495.
63. Yang C. Multilevel governance in the cross-boundary region of Hong Kong-pearl river delta, China. Environment and Planning A 2005, 37(12):2147-2168.
64. Yang J., Song G., Lin J. Measuring spatial structure of China's megaregions. Journal of Urban Planning and Development 2015, 141(2):04014021.
65. Yao S., Chen S., Wu J., Zhang Y., Chen R.C. Spatial expansion patterns of Chinese big cities-the case of Suzhou. Scientia Geographica Sinica 2009, 1:002.
66. Yue W., Liu Y., Fan P. Polycentric urban development: the case of Hangzhou. Environment and Planning. A 2010, 42(3):563-577.
67. Yue W.Z., Fan P.L., Wei Y.D., Qi J.G. Economic development, urban expansion, and sustainable development in Shanghai. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 2014, 28(4):783-799.
68. Yusuf S., Saich T. China urbanizes: consequences strategies and policies 2008, World Bank Publications, Washington, D.C.
69. Zhang J., Wu F. China's changing economic governance: administrative annexation and the reorganization of local governments in the Yangtze River Delta. Regional Studies 2006, 40(1):3-21.
70. Zhao P., Lu B., de Roo G. The impact of urban growth on commuting patterns in a restructuring city: evidence from Beijing. Papers in Regional Science 2011, 90(4):735-754.
71. Zhou Y.X., Ma L.J.C. Economic restructuring and suburbanization in China. Urban Geography 2000, 21(3):205-236.