Scaling up site disputes: strategies to redefine ‘local’ in the fight against fracking

Environmental Politics

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 569-592

  Neville, Kate J ^a   Weinthal, Erika ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

civil society; environmental movements; Fracking; LNG; local global; protest; site disputes

Indexed keywords

CIVIL SOCIETY; DISPUTE RESOLUTION; ENERGY PLANNING; GLOBALIZATION; HYDRAULIC FRACTURING; LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS; NEIGHBORHOOD; POPULAR PROTEST; SOCIAL MOVEMENT;

CANADA; WHITEHORSE; YUKON TERRITORY;

EID: 84961214852     PISSN: 09644016     EISSN: 17438934     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09644016.2016.1154124     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. D.P.Aldrich,, 2008. Site fights: divisive facilities and civil society in Japan and the West. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
2. Avaaz, 2015. “Save the Yukon: no fracking,” petition against hydraulic fracturing in the Yukon [online]. Available from: https://secure.avaaz.org/en/petition/Yukon_Government_Leader_Yukon_Territory_Canada_Ban_Fracking_in_the_Yukon_Territory_permanently/?klxPPdb [Accessed 16 April 2015].
3. H.S.Boudet,, 2011. From NIMBY to NIABY: regional mobilization against liquefied natural gas in the United States. Environmental Politics, 20 (6), 786–806. doi:10.1080/09644016.2011.617166
4. K.Burningham,, 2000. Using the language of NIMBY: a topic for research, not an activity for researchers. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability, 5 (1), 55–67. doi:10.1080/135498300113264
5. CBC, 2014a. Environment board OKs Yukon Energy’s LNG generators. CBC [online], June 12. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/environment-board-oks-yukon-energy-s-lng-generators-1.2673312 [Accessed 15 April 2015].
6. CBC, 2014b. Yukon Government approves Whitehorse LNG project. CBC [online], July 9. Available from: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-government-approves-whitehorse-lng-project-1.2701302 [Accessed 12 April 2015].
7. Change.org, 2012. Petition to ban hydraulic fracturing in the Yukon. Available from: https://www.change.org/p/yukon-government-ban-hydraulic-fracturing-in-the-yukon-territory [Accessed 5 January 2016].
8. R.Cowell, and S.Owens,, 2006. Governing space: planning reform and the politics of sustainability. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 24, 403–421. doi:10.1068/c0416j
9. CPAWS Yukon, 2016. About. Available from: http://cpawsyukon.org/about [Accessed 3 January 2016].
10. A.Cruickshank,, 2012. Moratorium imposed on petroleum exploration. Whitehorse Daily Star, April 13.
11. S.De la Barre,, 2013. Wilderness and cultural tour guides, place identity and sustainable tourism in remote areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21 (6), 825–844. doi:10.1080/09669582.2012.737798
12. P.Devine-Wright,, 2012. Explaining “NIMBY” objections to a power line: the role of personal, place attachment and project-related factors. Environment and Behavior, 45 (6), 761–781. doi:10.1177/0013916512440435
13. L.Ford,, 2003. Challenging global environmental governance: social movement agency and global civil society. Global Environmental Politics, 3 (2), 120–134. doi:10.1162/152638003322068254
14. T.A.Gibson,, 2006. NIMBY and the civic good. City & Community, 4 (4), 381–401. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6040.2005.00144.x
15. C.Groves,, 2015. The bomb in my backyard, the serpent in my house: environmental justice, risk, and the colonisation of attachment. Environmental Politics, 24 (6), 853–873. doi:10.1080/09644016.2015.1067348
16. U.Heise,, 2008. Sense of place and sense of planet: the environmental imagination of the global. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
17. ICF Marbek, 2013. Yukon power plant fuel life cycle analysis: final report. Available from: http://www.yukonenergy.ca/media/site_documents/1260_ICF%20Marbek%20Final%20Report_LNG_lifecycle_july2013.pdf [Accessed 3 January 2016].
18. Ipetition, 2015. Ban fracking in the Yukon [online]. Available from: http://www.ipetitions.com/petition/ban-fracking-in-the-yukon [Accessed 16 April 2015].
19. R.W.Lake,, 1993. Planners’ alchemy transforming NIMBY to YIMBY: rethinking NIMBY. Journal of the American Planning Association, 59 (1), 87–93. doi:10.1080/01944369308975847
20. B.Lennertz,, 2005. The charrette as an agent for change. 6th Conference for Information Technologies in Landscape Architecture, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences. Available from: http://193.25.34.143/studiengaenge/mla/mla_fl/conf/pdf/conf2005/12lennertz_c.pdf [Accessed 2 January 2016].
21. D.J.Lober, and D.P.Green,, 1994. NIMBY or NIABY: a logit model of opposition to solid-waste-disposal facility siting. Journal of Environmental Management, 40, 33–50. doi:10.1006/jema.1994.1003
22. C.Lund, and C.Boone,, 2013. Introduction: land politics in Africa – constituting authority over territory, property and persons. Africa, 83 (1), 1–13. doi:10.1017/S000197201200068X
23. D.McAdam, and H.S.Boudet,, 2012. Putting social movements in their place: explaining opposition to energy project in the United States, 2000–2005. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
24. D.McAdam,, S.Tarrow,, and C.Tilly,, 2001. Dynamics of contention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25. G.E.McAvoy,, 1998. Partisan probing and democratic decisionmaking rethinking the Nimby syndrome. Policy Studies Journal, 26 (2), 274–292. doi:10.1111/psj.1998.26.issue-2
26. K.J.Neville,, 2015. The contentious political economy of biofuels. Global Environmental Politics, 15 (1), 21–40. doi:10.1162/GLEP_a_00270
27. Northern Cross, 2014. Presentation to Yukon select committee on hydraulic fracturing [online], January 31. Available from: http://www.legassembly.gov.yk.ca/pdf/rbhf_NorthernCross-Presentation.pdf [Accessed 18 April 2015].
28. S.Owens, and R.Cowell,, 2011. Land and limits: interpreting sustainability in the planning process. London: Routledge.
29. T.Pelekasi,, M.Menegaki,, and D.Damigos,, 2012. Externalities, NIMBY syndrome and marble quarrying activity. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 55 (9), 1192–1205. doi:10.1080/09640568.2011.638047
30. C.Rootes,, 1999. Acting globally, thinking locally? Prospects for a global environmental movement. Environmental Politics, 8 (1), 290–310. doi:10.1080/09644019908414448
31. C.Rootes,, 2013. From local conflict to national issue: when and how environmental campaigns succeed in transcending the local. Environmental Politics, 22 (1), 95–114. doi:10.1080/09644016.2013.755791
32. C.Rootes, and L.Leonard,, 2009. Environmental movements and campaigns against waste infrastructure in the United States. Environmental Politics, 18 (6), 835–850. doi:10.1080/09644010903345611
33. D.Schlosberg,, 2004. Reconceiving environmental justice: global movements and political theories. Environmental Politics, 13 (3), 517–540. doi:10.1080/0964401042000229025
34. R.Smalley, and E.Corbera,, 2012. Large-scale land deals from the inside out: findings from Kenya’s Tana Delta. Journal of Peasant Studies, 39 (3–4), 1039–1075. doi:10.1080/03066150.2012.686491
35. D.A.Snow, and R.D.Benford,, 1992. Master frames and cycles of protest. In: A.D.Morris and C.McClurg, ed. Frontiers in social movement theory. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 133–155.
36. D.Spain,, 1993. Been-heres versus come-heres negotiating conflicting community identities. Journal of the American Planning Association, 59 (2), 156–171. doi:10.1080/01944369308975865
37. C.Tobin,, 2014a. Critics unsurprised by green light for LNG project. Whitehorse Daily Star [online], May 15. Available from: http://whitehorsestar.com/News/critics-unsurprised-by-green-light-for-lng-project [Accessed 15 April 2015].
38. C.Tobin,, 2014b. Man loses challenge of LNG project decision. Whitehorse Daily Star [online], July 30. Available from: http://www.whitehorsestar.com/News/man-loses-challenge-of-lng-project-decision [Accessed 18 April 2015].
39. C.Tobin,, 2014c. Board urges approval for proposed LNG project. Whitehorse Daily Star [online], March 21. Available from: http://whitehorsestar.com/News/board-urges-approval-for-proposed-lng-project [Accessed 18 April 2015].
40. C.Tobin,, 2015. YEC’s revelation surprises, disappoints observers. Whitehorse Daily Star [online], July 15. Available from: http://www.whitehorsestar.com/News/yec-s-revelation-surprises-disappoints-observers [Accessed 6 February 2016].
41. J.Winter,, 2013. Yukon energy defends natural gas plans. Yukon News [online], July 10. Available from: http://yukon-news.com/news/yukon-energy-defends-natural-gas-plans/ [Accessed 16 April 2015].
42. M.Wolsink,, 2006. Invalid theory impedes our understanding: a critique on the persistence of the language of NIMBY. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, 31 (1), 85–91. doi:10.1111/tran.2006.31.issue-1
43. YCS, 2012. Yukon Conservation Society’s reply argument in the matter of the Yukon Energy Corporation’s 2012–2013 general rate application [online], December 12. Available from: http://www.yukonconservation.org/energydocuments/YCS%20YUB%20GRA%20Reply%20Argument%20FINAL.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
44. YCS, 2015. Who we are. Available from: www.yukonconservation.org/about.htm [Accessed 3 January 2016].
45. YEC, 2011a. 20-Year resource plan: 2011–2030 [online]. Available from: http://www.yukonenergy.ca/media/site_documents/1204_Resource%20Plan%20-%20full%20document.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
46. YEC, 2011b. Charrette Report [online]. Available from: http://yukonenergy.ca/media/site_documents/charrette/docs/yec_charrette_report.pdf [Accessed 6 February 2016].
47. YEC, 2012. Liquefied natural gas workshop report [online], January 2012. Available from: https://www.yukonenergy.ca/media/site_documents/1120_LNG%20Workshop%20Report%20January%202012.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
48. YEC, 2013b. Yukon Energy Corporation application for an energy project certificate and an energy operation certificate regarding the proposed Whitehorse diesel-natural gas conversion project [online], December 9. Available from: https://www.yukonenergy.ca/media/site_documents/LNG_Part_III_Application.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
49. YEC, 2015. Back-up electricity: diesel facilities. Yukon Energy Corporation website [online]. Available from: https://www.yukonenergy.ca/energy-in-yukon/our-projects-facilities/back-up-electricity/diesel-facilities/ [Accessed 16 April 2015].
50. YESAB, 2013–2014. Annual report. Available from: www.yesab.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/2013-2014-AR.pdf [Accessed 2 January 2016].
51. YESAB, 2014. Whitehorse Diesel Natural Gas Conversion Project, project number 2013–0115. The Voice: YESAB Newsletter, Spring/Summer, issue 11 [online]. Available from: http://www.yesab.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/VOICEspring-summer-2014.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
52. YESAB, 2016a. Annual reports. Available from: http://www.yesab.ca/about-yesab/annual-reports/ [Accessed 8 January 2016].
53. YESAB, 2016b. The voice: YESAB’s seasonal newsletter. Available from: http://www.yesab.ca/news-events/newsletters/ [Accessed 8 January 2016].
54. YTG, 2009. Yukon energy strategy [online]. Available from: http://www.gov.yk.ca/pdf/enery_strategy_for_yukon.pdf, [Accessed 16 April 2015].
55. YTG, 2010. Energy for Yukon—the natural gas option: backgrounder, summary of case study and next steps. Oil and Gas Resources Branch, Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources, Available from: http://www.emr.gov.yk.ca/oilandgas/pdf/e4yfinal.pdf [Accessed 16 April 2015].
56. YUB, 2013. Terms of reference in the matter of the Public Utilities Act, and in the matter of an application by Yukon Energy Corporation for an Energy Project Certificate and an Energy Operation Certificate regarding the proposed Whitehorse diesel-natural gas conversion project. Yukon Utilities Board, December 18. Available from: http://yukonutilitiesboard.yk.ca/pdf/YEC_LNG_Application/TOR_-_YEC_LNG_project_proceeding.pdf [Accessed 8 January 2016].
57. YUB, 2014a. YEC LNG project proceeding. Available from: http://yukonutilitiesboard.yk.ca/proceedings/yec-lng-project-proceeding/ [Accessed 8 January 2016].
58. YUB, 2014b. Yukon Energy Corporation Whitehorse diesel to liquefied natural gas conversion project (LNG project)—community session [online], March 31. Whitehorse, Yukon. Available from: http://yukonutilitiesboard.yk.ca/pdf/YEC_LNG_Application/YUB_Community_Session_-_March_31__2014.pdf [Accessed 26 April 2015].
59. Yukoners Concerned, 2015. The petition. Available from: http://www.yukonersconcerned.com/sign-the-petition.html [Accessed 6 January 2016].