Segregation as a multiscalar phenomenon and its implications for neighborhood-scale research: The case of South Seattle 1990-2010

Urban Geography

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-25

  Fowler, Christopher S ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

scale; Seattle; segregation

Indexed keywords

NEIGHBORHOOD; SOCIAL SEGREGATION; URBAN GEOGRAPHY; URBAN POPULATION;

SEATTLE; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [UNITED STATES];

EID: 84960295787     PISSN: 02723638     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02723638.2015.1043775     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Anselin, Luc. (1989). What is special about spatial data? Alternative perspectives on spatial data analysis. Santa Barbara, CA: National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis.
2. Auyero, Javier, &, Swistun, Debora Alejandra. (2009). Flammable: Environmental suffering in an Argentine shantytown. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Bourgois, Philipe. (2003). In search of respect: Selling crack in El Barrio (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
4. Card, David, Mas, Alexandre, &, Rothstein, Jesse. (2008). Are mixed neighborhoods always unstable? Two-sided and one-sided tipping. Working Paper No. w14470. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
5. Cashin, Sheryll. (2004). The failures of integration: How race and class are undermining the American dream. New York, NY: Public Affairs.
6. Clapp, John, &, Wang, Yazhen. (2006). Defining neighborhood boundaries: Are census tracts obsolete? Journal of Urban Economics, 59 (2), 259-284.
7. Clark, William. (2005). Intervening in the residential mobility process: Neighborhood outcomes for low-income populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102 (43), 15307-15312.
8. Duncan, Otis Dudley, Cuzzort, Ray P., &, Duncan, Beverly. (1961). Statistical geography: Problems in analyzing areal data. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
9. Duncan, Otis Dudley, &, Duncan, Beverly. (1955). A methodological analysis of segregation indexes. American Sociological Review, 20 (2), 201-217.
10. Ellen, Ingrid GouldIn, &, Turner, Margery Austin. (1997). Does neighborhood matter? Assessing recent evidence. Housing Policy Debate, 8 (4), 833-866.
11. Ellis, Mark, Wright, Richard, &, Parks, Virginia. (2004). Work together, live apart? Geographies of racial and ethnic segregation at home and at work. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 94 (3), 620-637.
12. Farrell, Chad. (2008). Bifurcation, fragmentation or integration? The racial and geographical structure of US metropolitan segregation, 1990-2000. Urban Studies, 45 (3), 467-499.
13. Fischer, Clause, Stockmayer, Gretchen, Stiles, Jon, &, Hout, Michael. (2004). Distinguishing the geographic levels and social dimensions of U.S. metropolitan segregation, 1960-2000. Demography, 41 (1), 37-59.
14. Freeman, Lance. (2009). Neighbourhood diversity, metropolitan segregation and gentrification: What are the links in the US? Urban Studies, 46 (10), 2079-2101.
15. Gentleman, Robert, &, Lang, Duncan Temple. (2007). Statistical analyses and reproducible research. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 16 (1), 1-23.
16. Goering, John. (2013). Neighborhood effects and public policy. City & Community, 12 (1), 13-20.
17. Gordon, Andrew, Locke, Hubert, &, Ulberg, Cy. (1998). Ethnic diversity in Southeast Seattle. Cityscape, 4 (2), 197-219.
18. Grengs, Joe. (2007). Reevaluating poverty concentration with spatial analysis: Detroit in the 1990s. Urban Geography, 28 (4), 340-360.
19. Holloway, Steven, Wright, Richard, &, Ellis, Mark. (2012). The racially fragmented city? Neighborhood racial segregation and diversity jointly considered. The Professional Geographer, 64 (1), 63-82.
20. Jenks, Mike, &, Dempsey, Nicola. (2007). Defining the neighbourhood: Challenges for empirical research. Town Planning Review, 78 (2), 153-177.
21. Kaufman, Leonard, &, Rousseeuw, Peter J. (2009). Finding groups in data: An introduction to cluster analysis. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
22. Latham, Alan. (2002). Retheorizing the scale of globalization: Topologies, actor-networks, and cosmopolitanism. In A. Herod & M. Wright. (Eds.), Geographies of power: Placing scale (pp. 115-144). Oxford: Blackwell.
23. Lee, Barrett, Reardon, Sean, Firebaugh, Glenn, Farrell, Chad, Matthews, Stephen, &, OSullivan, David. (2008). Beyond the census tract: Patterns and determinants of racial segregation at multiple geographic scales. American Sociological Review, 73 (5), 766-791.
24. Lee, Barrett A. (1985). Racially mixed neighborhoods during the 1970s: Change or stability? Social Science Quarterly, 66 (2), 346-364.
25. Leventhal, Tama, &, Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne. (2003). Moving to opportunity: An experimental study of neighborhood effects on mental health. American Journal of Public Health, 93 (9), 1576-1582.
26. Lumley-Sapanski, Audrey, &, Fowler, Christopher S. (in press). "Dissonance" and the bases for stably diverse neighborhoods: The case of South Seattle. Unpublished manuscript.
27. Lynch, Kevin. (1960). The image of the city. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
28. Maly, Michael T. (2005). Beyond segregation: Multiracial and multiethnic neighborhoods in the United States. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
29. Maly, Michael. (2000). The neighborhood diversity index: A complementary measure of racial residential settlement. Journal of Urban Affairs, 22 (1), 37-47.
30. Marston, Sallie. (2000). The social construction of scale. Progress in Human Geography, 24 (2), 219-242.
31. Massey, Doreen. (2005). For space. London: Sage.
32. Massey, Douglas, &, Denton, Nancy. (1988). The dimensions of residential segregation. Social Forces, 67 (2), 281-315.
33. Matthews, Stephen. (2008). The salience of neighborhood: Some lessons from sociology. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 34 (3), 257-259.
34. Meegan, Richard, &, Mitchell, Alison. (2001). " Its not community round here, its neighbourhood": Neighbourhood change and cohesion in urban regeneration policies. Urban Studies, 38 (12), 2167-2194.
35. Monkkonen, Paavo, &, Zhang, Xiaohu. (2014). Innovative measurement of spatial segregation: Comparative evidence from Hong Kong and San Francisco. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 47, 99-111.
36. Morrill, Richard L. (1991). On the measure of geographical segregation. Geography Research Forum, 11 (1), 25-36.
37. Nyden, Philip, Maly, Michael T, &, Lukehart, John. (1997). The emergence of stable racially and ethnically diverse urban communities: A case study of nine US cities. Housing Policy Debate, 8 (2), 491-534.
38. Openshaw, Stan. (1977). A geographical solution to scale and aggregation problems in region-building, partitioning and spatial modelling. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2 (4), 459-472.
39. Openshaw, Stan, &, Taylor, Peter J. (1979). A million or so correlation coefficients: Three experiments on the modifiable areal unit problem. In N. Wrigley. (Ed.), Statistical applications in the spatial sciences. London: Pion.
40. Östh, John, Clark, William A. V., &, Malmberg, Bo. (2014). Measuring the scale of segregation using k-nearest neighbor aggregates. Geographical Analysis, 47 (1), 34-49.
41. Östh, John, Malmberg, Bo, &, Andersson, Eva. (2014). Analysing segregation with individualized neighborhoods defined by population size. In C. D. Lloyd, I. Shuttleworth, & D. Wong. (Eds.), Social-spatial segregation: Concepts, processes and outcomes. Bristol: Policy Press.
42. OSullivan, David, &, Wong, David W. S. (2007). A surface-based approach to measuring spatial segregation. Geographical Analysis, 39 (2), 147-168.
43. Parisi, Domenico, Lichter, Daniel, &, Taquino, Michael. (2011). Multi-scale residential segregation: Black exceptionalism and Americas changing color line. Social Forces, 89 (3), 829-852.
44. Pred, Allan. (1984). Place as historically contingent process: Structuration and the time-geography of becoming places. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 74 (2), 279-297.
45. Reardon, Sean F., &, Bischoff, Kendra. (2011b, November). More unequal and more separate: Growth in the residential segregation of families by income, 1970-2009. Report prepared for the Russell Sage US2010 Project, New York, NY.
46. Reardon, Sean F., Matthews, Stephen A., Sullivan, David O., Lee, Barrett A., Firebaugh, Glenn, Farrell, Chad R., &, Bischoff, Kendra. (2008). The geographic scale of metropolitan racial segregation. Demography, 45 (3), 489-514.
47. Reardon, Sean, &, Bischoff, Kendra. (2011a). Income inequality and income segregation. American Journal of Sociology, 116 (4), 1092-1153.
48. Reardon, Sean F., Farrell, Chad R., Matthews, Stephen A., OSullivan, David, Bischoff, Kendra, &, Firebaugh, Glenn. (2009). Race and space in the 1990s: Changes in the geographic scale of racial residential segregation, 1990-2000. Social Science Research, 38 (1), 55-70.
49. Reardon, Sean, &, Firebaugh, Glenn. (2002). Measures of multigroup segregation. Sociological Methodology, 32 (1), 33-67.
50. Reardon, Sean, &, OSullivan, David. (2004). Measures of spatial segregation. Sociological Methodology, 34 (1), 121-162.
51. Rey, Sergio J., Anselin, Luc, Folch, David C., Arribas-Bel, Daniel, Gutierrez, Myrna L., &, Interlante, Lindsey. (2011). Measuring spatial dynamics in metropolitan areas. Economic Development Quarterly, 25 (1), 54-64.
52. Sampson, Robert. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277 (5328), 918-924.
53. Sampson, Robert, Morenoff, Jeffrey, &, Gannon-Rowley, Thomas. (2002). Assessing "neighborhood effects": Social processes and new directions in research. Annual Review of Sociology, 28 (1), 443-478.
54. Schelling, Thomas. (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1 (2), 143-186.
55. Spielman, Seth, &, Logan, John. (2013). Using high-resolution population data to identify neighborhoods and establish their boundaries. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 103 (1), 67-84.
56. Van Ham, Maarten, Manley, David, Bailey, Nick, &, Simpson, Ludi. (2012). Neighbourhood effects research: New perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer.
57. Wang, Yiming. (2012). Decomposing the entropy index of racial diversity: In search of two types of variance. The Annals of Regional Science, 48 (3), 897-915.
58. Wilson, William Julius. (1987). The truly disadvantaged: The inner city, the underclass, and public policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
59. Woldoff, Rachael A. (2011). White flight/black flight: The dynamics of racial change in an American neighborhood. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
60. Wong, David W. S. (1993). Spatial indices of segregation. Urban Studies, 30 (3), 559-572.
61. Wong, David W. S. (2003). Implementing spatial segregation measures in GIS. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 27 (1), 53-70.
62. Wong, David W. S. (2010). Location-specific cumulative distribution function (LSCDF): An alternative to spatial correlation analysis. Geographical Analysis, 33 (1), 76-93.
63. Wong, David W. S. (2005). Formulating a general spatial segregation measure. The Professional Geographer, 57 (2), 285-294.
64. Wong, David W. S., Reibel, Michael, &, Dawkins, Casey. (2007). Introduction-segregation and neighborhood change: Where are we after more than a half-century of formal analysis 1. Urban Geography, 28 (4), 305-311.