Patient choice in opt-in, active choice, and opt-out HIV screening: Randomized clinical trial

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 352, Issue , 2016, Pages

  Montoy, Juan Carlos C ^a   Dow, William H ^b   Kaplan, Beth C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DENVER RISK SCORE; FEMALE; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; HIV TEST; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SCREENING TEST; DECISION MAKING; HIV INFECTIONS; HOSPITAL; HOSPITAL EMERGENCY SERVICE; MASS SCREENING; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT PREFERENCE; TEACHING HOSPITAL; UTILIZATION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HOSPITALS, TEACHING; HOSPITALS, URBAN; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PATIENT PREFERENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84959416575     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h6895     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Branson BM, Handsfield HH, Lampe MA et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings. MMWR Recomm Rep 2006;55(RR-14): 1-17, quiz CE1-4. 16988643
2. Brown J, Shesser R, Simon G et al. Routine HIV screening in the emergency department using the new US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines: results from a high-prevalence area. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;46: 395-401. doi:10.1097/ QAI.0b013e3181582d82 18077831
3. Merchant RC, Seage GR, Mayer KH, Clark MA, DeGruttola VG, Becker BM. Emergency department patient acceptance of opt-in, universal, rapid HIV screening. Public Health Rep 2008;123(Suppl 3): 27-40. 19172704
4. Qaseem A, Snow V, Shekelle P, Hopkins R Jr, Owens DK. Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee, American College of Physicians. Screening for HIV in health care settings: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians and HIV Medicine Association. Ann Intern Med 2009;150: 125-31. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-2- 200901200-00300 19047022
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HIV surveillance- United States, 1981-2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2011;60: 689-93. 21637182
6. Schwarcz S, Weinstock H, Louie B et al. Characteristics of persons with recently acquired HIV infection: application of the serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion in 10 US cities. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;44: 112-5. doi:10.1097/01. qai.0000247228.30128.dc 17075386
7. Zetola NM, Kaplan B, Dowling T et al. Prevalence and correlates of unknown HIV infection among patients seeking care in a public hospital emergency department. Public Health Rep 2008;123(Suppl 3): 41-50. 19166088
8. Deblonde J, Meulemans H, Callens S, Luchters S, Temmerman M, Hamers FF. HIV testing in Europe: mapping policies. Health Policy 2011;103: 101-10. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2011.06.012 21794943
9. British HIV Association, British Association of Sexual Health and HIV, British Infection Society. UK National Guidelines for HIV Testing 2008.British HIV Association, 2008.
10. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Scaling up HIV testing and counseling in the WHO European Region as an essential component of efforts to achieve universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.WHO, 2010.
11. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. HIV testing: increasing uptake and effectiveness in the European Union. ECDC, 2010.
12. Hamill M, Burgoine K, Farrell F et al. Time to move towards opt-out testing for HIV in the UK. BMJ 2007;334: 1352-4. doi:10.1136/ bmj.39218.404201.94 17600024
13. Berg LJ, Delgado MK, Ginde AA, Montoy JC, Bendavid E, Camargo CA Jr. Characteristics of U.S. emergency departments that offer routine human immunodeficiency virus screening. Acad Emerg Med 2012;19: 894-900. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01401.x 22849642
14. Hoover JB, Tao G, Heffelfinger JD. Monitoring HIV testing at visits to emergency departments in the United States: very-low rate of HIV testing. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013;62: 90-4. doi:10.1097/ QAI.0b013e3182742933 23018376
15. Choi J, Laibson D, Madrian B, Metrick A. Optimal defaults. Am Econ Rev 2003;93: 180-5doi:10.1257/000282803321947010.
16. Choi J, Laibson D, Madrian B, Metrick A. Saving for retirement on the path of least resistance. In: McCaffrey EJ, Slemrod J., eds. Behavioral Public Finance: Toward a New Agenda.Russell Sage Foundation, 2006: 304-51.
17. Simpson WM, Johnstone FD, Goldberg DJ, Gormley SM, Hart GJ. Antenatal HIV testing: assessment of a routine voluntary approach. BMJ 1999;318: 1660-1. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7199.1660 10373168
18. Stringer EM, Stringer JS, Cliver SP, Goldenberg RL, Goepfert AR. Evaluation of a new testing policy for human immunodeficiency virus to improve screening rates. Obstet Gynecol 2001;98: 1104-8. doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01631-3 11755561
19. Jayaraman GC, Preiksaitis JK, Larke B. Mandatory reporting of HIV infection and opt-out prenatal screening for HIV infection: effect on testing rates. CMAJ 2003;168: 679-82. 12642422
20. White DAE, Scribner AN, Vahidnia F et al. HIV screening in an urban emergency department: comparison of screening using an opt-in versus an opt-out approach. Ann Emerg Med 2011;58(Suppl 1): S89-95. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.03.032 21684416
21. White DAE, Sadoun T, Tran T, Alter HJ. Increased acceptance rates of HIV screening using opt-out consent methods in an urban emergency department. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011;58: 277-82. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318231916d 21876449
22. Kendrick SR, Kroc KA, Couture E, Weinstein RA. Comparison of point-of-care rapid HIV testing in three clinical venues. AIDS 2004;18: 2208-10. doi:10.1097/00002030-200411050-00017 15577658
23. Calderon Y, Leider J, Hailpern S et al. High-volume rapid HIV testing in an urban emergency department. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2009;23: 749-55. doi:10.1089/apc.2008.0270 19698029
24. Lubelchek RJ, Kroc KA, Levine DL, Beavis KG, Roberts RR. Routine, rapid HIV testing of medicine service admissions in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 2011;58(Suppl 1): S65-70. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.03.027 21684411
25. Lyons MS, Lindsell CJ, Ruffner AH et al. Randomized comparison of universal and targeted HIV screening in the emergency department. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013;64: 315-23. doi:10.1097/ QAI.0b013e3182a21611 23846569
26. Lubelchek RJ, Kroc KA, Levine DL, Beavis KG, Roberts RR. Routine, rapid HIV testing of medicine service admissions in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 2011;58(Suppl 1): S65-70. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.03.027 21684411
27. Haukoos JS, Hopkins E, Conroy AA et al. Denver Emergency Department HIV Opt-Out Study Group. Routine opt-out rapid HIV screening and detection of HIV infection in emergency department patients. JAMA 2010;304: 284-92. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.953 20639562
28. Rayment M, Thornton A, Mandalia S et al. HINTS Study Group. HIV testing in non-traditional settings - The HINTS study: a multi-centre observational study of feasibility and acceptability. PLoS One 2012;7: e39530. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039530 22745777
29. Burns F, Edwards SG, Woods J et al. Acceptability and feasibility of universal offer of rapid point of care testing for HIV in an acute admissions unit: results of the RAPID project. PLoS One 2012;7: e35212. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035212 22558129
30. Merchant RC, Waxman MJ. HIV screening in health care settings: some progress, even more questions. JAMA 2010;304: 348-9. doi:10.1001/ jama.2010.996 20639572
31. White DAE, Scribner AN, Vahidnia F et al. HIV screening in an urban emergency department: comparison of screening using an opt-in versus an opt-out approach. Ann Emerg Med 2011;58(Suppl 1): S89-95. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.03.032 21684416
32. Haukoos JS, Mehta SD, Harvey L, Calderon Y, Rothman RE. Research priorities for human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infections surveillance, screening, and intervention in emergency departments: consensus-based recommendations. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16: 1096-102. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00546.x 20053228
33. Mounier-Jack S, Nielsen S, Coker RJ. HIV testing strategies across European countries. HIV Med 2008;9(Suppl 2): 13-9. doi:10.1111/ j.1468-1293.2008.00585.x 18557864
34. Ai C, Norton EC. Interaction terms in logit and probit models. Econ Lett 2003;80: 123-9doi:10.1016/S0165-1765(03)00032-6.
35. Haukoos JS, Lyons MS, Lindsell CJ et al. Derivation and validation of the Denver Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk score for targeted HIV screening. Am J Epidemiol 2012;175: 838-46. doi:10.1093/aje/kwr389 22431561
36. Haukoos JS, Hopkins E, Bucossi MM et al. Denver Emergency Department HIV Research Consortium. Brief report: Validation of a quantitative HIV risk prediction tool using a national HIV testing cohort. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015;68: 599-603. doi:10.1097/ QAI.0000000000000518 25585300
37. Haukoos JS, Hopkins E, Bender B et al. Denver Emergency Department HIV Testing Research Consortium. Use of kiosks and patient understanding of opt-out and opt-in consent for routine rapid human immunodeficiency virus screening in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2012;19: 287-93. doi:10.1111/j.1553- 2712.2012.01290.x 22435861
38. Merchant RC, Baird JR, Liu T, Taylor LE, Montague BT, Nirenberg TD. Brief intervention to increase emergency department uptake of combined rapid human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C screening among a drug misusing population. Acad Emerg Med 2014;21: 752-67. doi:10.1111/acem.12419 25125271
39. Aronson ID, Marsch LA, Rajan S, Koken J, Bania TC. Computer-based video to increase HIV testing among emergency department patients who decline. AIDS Behav 2015;19: 516-22. doi:10.1007/s10461-014- 0853-5 25064047
40. Merchant RC, Seage GR, Mayer KH, Clark MA, DeGruttola VG, Becker BM. Emergency department patient acceptance of opt-in, universal, rapid HIV screening. Public Health Rep 2008;123(Suppl 3): 27-40. 19172704
41. Pisculli ML, Reichmann WM, Losina E et al. Factors associated with refusal of rapid HIV testing in an emergency department. AIDS Behav 2011;15: 734-42. doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9837-2 20978834
42. Merchant RC, Freelove SM, Langan TJ 4th et al. The relationship of reported HIV risk and history of HIV testing among emergency department patients. Postgrad Med 2010;122: 61-74. doi:10.3810/ pgm.2010.01.2100 20107290
43. Zetola NM, Grijalva CG, Gertler S et al. Simplifying consent for HIV testing is associated with an increase in HIV testing and case detection in highest risk groups, San Francisco January 2003-June 2007. PLoS One 2008;3: e2591. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002591 18596933
44. Kreps D, Porteus E. Temporal resolution of uncertainty and dynamic choice theory. Econometrica 1978;46: 185-200doi:10.2307/1913656.
45. Caplin A, Leahy J. Psychological expected utility theory and anticipatory feelings. Q J Econ 2001;116: 55-79doi:10.1162/0033553 01556347.
46. Koszegi B. Health anxiety and patient behavior. J Health Econ 2003;22: 1073-84. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.06.002 14604561
47. Mackellar DA, Hou SI, Whalen CC et al. WHBS Study Group. Reasons for not HIV testing, testing intentions, and potential use of an over-the-counter rapid HIV test in an internet sample of men who have sex with men who have never tested for HIV. Sex Transm Dis 2011;38: 419-28. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820369dd 21183863
48. Oster E, Shoulson I, Dorsey ER. Optimal expectations and limited medical testing: evidence from Huntington disease. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011. (NBER Working Paper No 17629.)
49. Madrian BC, Shea DF. The power of suggestion: Inertia in 401(k) participation and savings behavior. Q J Econ 2001;116: 1149-87doi:10.1162/003355301753265543.
50. Consedine NS, Magai C, Krivoshekova YS, Ryzewicz L, Neugut AI. Fear, anxiety, worry, and breast cancer screening behavior: a critical review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13: 501-10. 15066912
51. Lerman C, Hughes C, Trock BJ et al. Genetic testing in families with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. JAMA 1999;281: 1618-22. doi:10.1001/jama.281.17.1618 10235155
52. Lyons MS, Lindsell CJ, Haukoos JS et al. National Emergency Department HIV Testing Consortium. Nomenclature and definitions for emergency department human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing: report from the 2007 conference of the National Emergency Department HIV Testing Consortium. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16: 168-77. doi:10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00300.x 19076107
53. Stacey D, Bennett CL, Barry MJ et al. Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;10: CD001431. 21975733