메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 150-161

Air pollution and mortality in São Paulo, Brazil: Effects of multiple pollutants and analysis of susceptible populations

Author keywords

Brazil; mortality; ozone; particulate matter; susceptibility

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTANT; CARBON MONOXIDE; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; OZONE; PARTICULATE MATTER; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

EID: 84958673330     PISSN: 15590631     EISSN: 1559064X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/jes.2014.90     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (60)
  • 2
    • 33644807437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases
    • Dominici F, Peng RD, Bell ML, Pham L, McDermott A, Zeger SL, et al. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. J Am Med Assoc. 2006; 295: 1127-1134.
    • (2006) J Am Med Assoc , vol.295 , pp. 1127-1134
    • Dominici, F.1    Peng, R.D.2    Bell, M.L.3    Pham, L.4    McDermott, A.5    Zeger, S.L.6
  • 3
    • 58749110315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-particulate air pollution and life expectancy in the United States
    • Pope CAI, Ezzati M, Dockery DW. Fine-particulate air pollution and life expectancy in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2009; 260: 376-386.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.260 , pp. 376-386
    • Pope, C.A.I.1    Ezzati, M.2    Dockery, D.W.3
  • 4
    • 14244250238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of air pollution and meteorological parameters on respiratory morbidity during the summer in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo city
    • Goncalves FLT, Carvalho LMV, Conde FC, Latorre MRDO, Saldiva PHN, Braga ALF. The effects of air pollution and meteorological parameters on respiratory morbidity during the summer in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo city. Environ Int. 2005; 31: 343-349.
    • (2005) Environ Int , vol.31 , pp. 343-349
    • Goncalves, F.L.T.1    Carvalho, L.M.V.2    Conde, F.C.3    Latorre, M.R.D.O.4    Saldiva, P.H.N.5    Braga, A.L.F.6
  • 5
    • 33751555072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations associated with air pollution in the city of Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil
    • Gouveia N, De Freitas CU, Martins LC, Marcilio IO. Respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations associated with air pollution in the city of Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2006; 22: 2669-2677.
    • (2006) Cad Saúde Pública , vol.22 , pp. 2669-2677
    • Gouveia, N.1    De Freitas, C.U.2    Martins, L.C.3    Marcilio, I.O.4
  • 6
    • 0346843112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of socioeconomic conditions on air pollution adverse health effects in elderly people: An analysis of six regions in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil
    • Martins MCH, Fatigati FL, Vespoli TC, Martins LC, Pereira LAA, Martins MA, et al. Influence of socioeconomic conditions on air pollution adverse health effects in elderly people: an analysis of six regions in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004; 58: 41-46.
    • (2004) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.58 , pp. 41-46
    • Martins, M.C.H.1    Fatigati, F.L.2    Vespoli, T.C.3    Martins, L.C.4    Pereira, L.A.A.5    Martins, M.A.6
  • 7
    • 21244439211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of air pollution health impacts and costs in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil
    • Miraglia SGEK, Saldiva PHN, Bohm GM. An evaluation of air pollution health impacts and costs in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil. Environ Manage. 2005; 35: 667-676.
    • (2005) Environ Manage , vol.35 , pp. 667-676
    • Miraglia, S.G.E.K.1    Saldiva, P.H.N.2    Bohm, G.M.3
  • 8
    • 0141793934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and children's health in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo (1986-1998
    • Ribeiro H, Cardoso MR. Air pollution and children's health in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo (1986-1998). Soc Sci Med. 2003; 57: 2013-2022.
    • (2003) Soc Sci Med , vol.57 , pp. 2013-2022
    • Ribeiro, H.1    Cardoso, M.R.2
  • 10
    • 77954174224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental educational attainment as an indicator of socioeconomic status and risk of childhood cancers
    • Carozza SE, Se Puumala, Chow EJ, Fox EE, Horel S, Johnson KJ, et al. Parental educational attainment as an indicator of socioeconomic status and risk of childhood cancers. Br J Cancer. 2010; 103: 136-142.
    • (2010) Br J Cancer , vol.103 , pp. 136-142
    • Carozza, S.E.1    Se, P.2    Chow, E.J.3    Fox, E.E.4    Horel, S.5    Johnson, K.J.6
  • 11
    • 84958675032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In: Educational Status. University of California: San Francisco, NC, USA, 2009. Available on
    • Stewart J. Social Environment Notebook. In: Educational Status. University of California: San Francisco, NC, USA, 2009. Available on: http://www.macses.ucsf. edu/research/socialenviron/education.php//www.macses.ucsf.edu/research/.socialenviron/education.php
    • Social Environment Notebook
    • Stewart, J.1
  • 12
    • 32644438853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The avoidable health effects of air pollution in three Latin American cities: Santiago, Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, and Mexico City
    • Bell ML, Davis DL, Gouveia N, Borja-Aburto VH, Cifuentes LA. The avoidable health effects of air pollution in three Latin American cities: Santiago, Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, and Mexico City. Environ Res. 2006; 100: 431-440.
    • (2006) Environ Res , vol.100 , pp. 431-440
    • Bell, M.L.1    Davis, D.L.2    Gouveia, N.3    Borja-Aburto, V.H.4    Cifuentes, L.A.5
  • 13
    • 34548229030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variation in PM2.5 chemical composition in the United States for health effect studies
    • Bell ML, Dominci F, Ebisu K, Zeger SL, Samet JM. Spatial and temporal variation in PM2.5 chemical composition in the United States for health effect studies. Environ Health Perspect. 2007; 115: 989-995.
    • (2007) Environ Health Perspect , vol.115 , pp. 989-995
    • Bell, M.L.1    Dominci, F.2    Ebisu, K.3    Zeger, S.L.4    Samet, J.M.5
  • 14
    • 49549110897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and population health: A global challenge
    • Chen B, Kan H. Air pollution and population health: a global challenge. Environ Health Prev Med. 2008; 13: 94-101.
    • (2008) Environ Health Prev Med , vol.13 , pp. 94-101
    • Chen, B.1    Kan, H.2
  • 15
    • 0033800993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time series analysis of air pollution and mortality: Effects by cause, age, and socioeconomic status
    • Gouveia N, Fletcher T. Time series analysis of air pollution and mortality: effects by cause, age, and socioeconomic status. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2000; 54: 750-755.
    • (2000) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.54 , pp. 750-755
    • Gouveia, N.1    Fletcher, T.2
  • 17
    • 0027982927 scopus 로고
    • What are people dying of on high air pollution days?
    • Schwartz J. What are people dying of on high air pollution days?. Environ Res. 1994; 64: 26-35.
    • (1994) Environ Res , vol.64 , pp. 26-35
    • Schwartz, J.1
  • 18
    • 0033800868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily respiratory mortality and PM10 pollution in Mexico City: Importance of considering place of death
    • Tellez-Rojo MM, Romieu I, Ruiz-Velasco S, Lezana MA, Hernandez-Avila MM. Daily respiratory mortality and PM10 pollution in Mexico City: importance of considering place of death. Eur Respir J. 2000; 16: 391-396.
    • (2000) Eur Respir J , vol.16 , pp. 391-396
    • Tellez-Rojo, M.M.1    Romieu, I.2    Ruiz-Velasco, S.3    Lezana, M.A.4    Hernandez-Avila, M.M.5
  • 19
    • 33646244054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual-level modifiers of the effects of particulate matter on daily mortality
    • Zeka A, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J. Individual-level modifiers of the effects of particulate matter on daily mortality. Am Journ Epidemiol. 2006; 163: 849-859.
    • (2006) Am Journ Epidemiol , vol.163 , pp. 849-859
    • Zeka, A.1    Zanobetti, A.2    Schwartz, J.3
  • 20
    • 77954685509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic position and health status of people who live near busy roads: The Rome Longitudinal Study (RoLS
    • Cesaroni G, Badaloni C, Romano V, Donato E, Perucci CA, Forastiere F. Socioeconomic position and health status of people who live near busy roads: the Rome Longitudinal Study (RoLS). Environ Health. 2010; 9: 41.
    • (2010) Environ Health , vol.9 , pp. 41
    • Cesaroni, G.1    Badaloni, C.2    Romano, V.3    Donato, E.4    Perucci, C.A.5    Forastiere, F.6
  • 21
    • 33344456386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's exposure to nitrogen dioxide in Sweden: Investigating environmental injustice in an egalitarian country
    • Chaix B, Gustafsson S, Jerrett M, Kristersson H, Lithman T, Boalt A, et al. Children's exposure to nitrogen dioxide in Sweden: investigating environmental injustice in an egalitarian country. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006; 60: 234-241.
    • (2006) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.60 , pp. 234-241
    • Chaix, B.1    Gustafsson, S.2    Jerrett, M.3    Kristersson, H.4    Lithman, T.5    Boalt, A.6
  • 23
    • 0036913837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease in persons with congestive heart failure or arrhythmia
    • Mann JK, Tager IB, Lurmann F, Segal M, Quesenberry CP Jr., Lugg MM, et al. Air pollution and hospital admissions for ischemic heart disease in persons with congestive heart failure or arrhythmia. Environ Health Perspect. 2002; 110: 1247-1252.
    • (2002) Environ Health Perspect , vol.110 , pp. 1247-1252
    • Mann, J.K.1    Tager, I.B.2    Lurmann, F.3    Segal, M.4    Quesenberry, C.P.5    Lugg, M.M.6
  • 24
    • 84958609334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEADE ed.), Fundacao Sistema Estadual de Analise de Dados Governo do Estado Sao Paulo: Sao Paulo, Brazil
    • SEADE. In: Regional SdPeD (ed.), Fundacao Sistema Estadual de Analise de Dados. Governo do Estado Sao Paulo: Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2002.
    • (2002) Regional SdPeD
  • 26
    • 0025975160 scopus 로고
    • The case-crossover design: A method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events
    • Maclure M. The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. Am Journ Epidemiol. 1991; 133: 144-153.
    • (1991) Am Journ Epidemiol , vol.133 , pp. 144-153
    • Maclure, M.1
  • 27
    • 0032875942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reanalysis of the effects of air pollution on daily mortality in Seoul, Korea: A case-crossover design
    • Lee JT, Schwartz J. Reanalysis of the effects of air pollution on daily mortality in Seoul, Korea: a case-crossover design. Environ Health Perspect. 1999; 107: 633-636.
    • (1999) Environ Health Perspect , vol.107 , pp. 633-636
    • Lee, J.T.1    Schwartz, J.2
  • 28
    • 0035117529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution
    • Levy D, Lumley T, Sheppard L, Kaufman J, Checkoway H. Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution. Epidemiology. 2001; 12: 186-192.
    • (2001) Epidemiology , vol.12 , pp. 186-192
    • Levy, D.1    Lumley, T.2    Sheppard, L.3    Kaufman, J.4    Checkoway, H.5
  • 29
    • 50549087848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who is more vulnerable to die from ozone air pollution?
    • Medina-Ramon M, Schwartz J. Who is more vulnerable to die from ozone air pollution?. Epidemiology. 2008; 19: 672-679.
    • (2008) Epidemiology , vol.19 , pp. 672-679
    • Medina-Ramon, M.1    Schwartz, J.2
  • 30
    • 77149148100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Growing role for gender analysis in air pollution epidemiology
    • Clougherty JE. A Growing role for gender analysis in air pollution epidemiology. Environ Health Perspect. 2010; 118: 167-176.
    • (2010) Environ Health Perspect , vol.118 , pp. 167-176
    • Clougherty, J.E.1
  • 31
    • 70349781076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases and ambient levels of carbon monoxide: Results for 126 U S urban counties, 1999-2005
    • Bell ML, Peng RD, Dominici F, Samet JM. Emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases and ambient levels of carbon monoxide: results for 126 U. S. urban counties, 1999-2005. Circulation. 2009; 120: 949-955.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.120 , pp. 949-955
    • Bell, M.L.1    Peng, R.D.2    Dominici, F.3    Samet, J.M.4
  • 32
    • 0032142964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between ambient carbon monoxide levels and daily mortality in Toronto, Canada
    • Burnett RT, Cakmak S, Me Raizenne, Stieb D, Vincent R, Krewski D, et al. The association between ambient carbon monoxide levels and daily mortality in Toronto, Canada. J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1998; 48: 689-700.
    • (1998) J Air Waste Manag Assoc , vol.48 , pp. 689-700
    • Burnett, R.T.1    Cakmak, S.2    Me, R.3    Stieb, D.4    Vincent, R.5    Krewski, D.6
  • 34
    • 0029135199 scopus 로고
    • Ambient air pollution and hospitalization for congestive heart failure among elderly people in seven large US cities
    • Morris R, Naumova EN, Munasinghe RL. Ambient air pollution and hospitalization for congestive heart failure among elderly people in seven large U.S. cities. Am J Public Health. 1995; 85: 1361-1365.
    • (1995) Am J Public Health , vol.85 , pp. 1361-1365
    • Morris, R.1    Naumova, E.N.2    Munasinghe, R.L.3
  • 35
    • 0032425187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon monoxide and hospital admissions for congestive heart failure: Evidence of an icnreased effect at low temperature
    • Morris RD, Naumova EN. Carbon monoxide and hospital admissions for congestive heart failure: Evidence of an icnreased effect at low temperature. Environ Health Perspect. 1998; 106: 649-653.
    • (1998) Environ Health Perspect , vol.106 , pp. 649-653
    • Morris, R.D.1    Naumova, E.N.2
  • 37
    • 0041508773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particulate air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiorespiratory diseases: Are the elderly at greater risk?
    • Anderson HR, Atkinson RW, Bremner SA, Marston L. Particulate air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiorespiratory diseases: are the elderly at greater risk?. Eur Res J Suppl. 2003; 40: 39s-46s.
    • (2003) Eur Res J Suppl , vol.40 , pp. 39s-46s
    • Anderson, H.R.1    Atkinson, R.W.2    Bremner, S.A.3    Marston, L.4
  • 38
    • 0038556974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and mortality in the Netherlands: Are the elderly more at risk?
    • Fischer P, Hoek G, Brunekreef B, Verhoeff A, van Wijnen J. Air pollution and mortality in The Netherlands: are the elderly more at risk?. Eur Res J Suppl. 2003; 40: 34s-38ss.
    • (2003) Eur Res J Suppl , vol.40 , pp. 34s-38ss
    • Fischer, P.1    Hoek, G.2    Brunekreef, B.3    Verhoeff, A.4    Van Wijnen, J.5
  • 39
    • 0037136938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between mortlaity and indicators of traffic-related air pollution in the Netherlands: A cohort study
    • Hoek G, Brunekreef B, Goldbohm S, Fischer P, van den Brandt PA. Association between mortlaity and indicators of traffic-related air pollution in the Netherlands: a cohort study. Lancet. 2002; 360: 1203-1209.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 1203-1209
    • Hoek, G.1    Brunekreef, B.2    Goldbohm, S.3    Fischer, P.4    Van Den Brandt, P.A.5
  • 40
    • 47349099986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modifying effects of individual socioeconomic status on mortality risk associated with air pollution (abstract
    • Ou CQ, Chung RY, Thach TQ, Chan KP, Chau YK, Yang L, et al. The modifying effects of individual socioeconomic status on mortality risk associated with air pollution (abstract). Epidemiology. 2006; 17: S96.
    • (2006) Epidemiology , vol.17 , pp. S96
    • Ou, C.Q.1    Chung, R.Y.2    Thach, T.Q.3    Chan, K.P.4    Chau, Y.K.5    Yang, L.6
  • 41
    • 8744227004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do subject characteristics modify the effects of particulate air pollution on daily mortality among the elderly?
    • Filleul L, Rondeau V, Cantagrel A, Dartigues JF, Tessier JF. Do subject characteristics modify the effects of particulate air pollution on daily mortality among the elderly?. J Occup Environ Med. 2004; 46: 1115-1122.
    • (2004) J Occup Environ Med , vol.46 , pp. 1115-1122
    • Filleul, L.1    Rondeau, V.2    Cantagrel, A.3    Dartigues, J.F.4    Tessier, J.F.5
  • 43
    • 0020374154 scopus 로고
    • Ten-year mortality in a sample of an adult population in relation to air pollution
    • Kryzanowski M, Wojtyniak B. Ten-year mortality in a sample of an adult population in relation to air pollution. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1982; 36: 262-268.
    • (1982) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.36 , pp. 262-268
    • Kryzanowski, M.1    Wojtyniak, B.2
  • 44
    • 0037029043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-Term exposure to fine particulate air pollution
    • Pope CA III, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, Calle EE, Krewdki D, Ito K, et al. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-Term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. J Am Med Assoc. 2002; 287: 1132-1141.
    • (2002) J Am Med Assoc , vol.287 , pp. 1132-1141
    • Pope, C.A.1    Burnett, R.T.2    Thun, M.J.3    Calle, E.E.4    Krewdki, D.5    Ito, K.6
  • 45
    • 84862807895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to air pollution effects on mortality in Seoul, Korea: A case-crossover analysis of individual-level effect modifiers
    • Son JY, Lee JT, Kim H, Yi O, Bell ML. Susceptibility to air pollution effects on mortality in Seoul, Korea: a case-crossover analysis of individual-level effect modifiers. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2012; 22: 227-234.
    • (2012) J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol , vol.22 , pp. 227-234
    • Son, J.Y.1    Lee, J.T.2    Kim, H.3    Yi, O.4    Bell, M.L.5
  • 46
    • 0033756254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are there sensitive subgroups for the effects of airborne particles?
    • Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Gold D. Are there sensitive subgroups for the effects of airborne particles?. Environ Health Perspect. 2000; 108: 841-845.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , pp. 841-845
    • Zanobetti, A.1    Schwartz, J.2    Gold, D.3
  • 47
    • 34548244622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambient air pollution and low birth weight in Connecticut and Massachusetts
    • Bell ML, Ebisu K, Belanger K. Ambient air pollution and low birth weight in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Environ Health Perspect. 2007; 115: 1118-1125.
    • (2007) Environ Health Perspect , vol.115 , pp. 1118-1125
    • Bell, M.L.1    Ebisu, K.2    Belanger, K.3
  • 48
    • 0346212534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do socioeconomic characteristics modify the short term associations between air pollution and mortality?
    • Evidence from a zonal time series in Hamilton, Canada
    • Jerrett M, Burnett RT, Brook J, Kanaroglou P, Giovis C, Finkelstein N, et al. Do socioeconomic characteristics modify the short term associations between air pollution and mortality?. Evidence from a zonal time series in Hamilton, Canada. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004; 58: 31-40.
    • (2004) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.58 , pp. 31-40
    • Jerrett, M.1    Burnett, R.T.2    Brook, J.3    Kanaroglou, P.4    Giovis, C.5    Finkelstein, N.6
  • 50
    • 33645891692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults
    • Jaime PC, Monteiro CA. Fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults. Cad Saúde Pública. 2005; 21: S19-S24.
    • (2005) Cad Saúde Pública , vol.21 , pp. S19-S24
    • Jaime, P.C.1    Monteiro, C.A.2
  • 51
    • 33644872675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of individual- and area-level measures of socioeconomic status on obesity, unhealthy eating, and physical activity in Canadian adolescents
    • Janssen I, Boyce WF, Simpson K, Pickett W. Influence of individual- And area-level measures of socioeconomic status on obesity, unhealthy eating, and physical activity in Canadian adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 139-145.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 139-145
    • Janssen, I.1    Boyce, W.F.2    Simpson, K.3    Pickett, W.4
  • 53
    • 0036137504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood characteristics associated with the location of food stores and food service plans
    • Morland K, Wing S, Diez Roux AV, Poole C. Neighborhood characteristics associated with the location of food stores and food service plans. Am J Prev Med. 2002; 22: 23-29.
    • (2002) Am J Prev Med , vol.22 , pp. 23-29
    • Morland, K.1    Wing, S.2    Diez Roux, A.V.3    Poole, C.4
  • 55
    • 1842477699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social disparities in housing and related pediatric injury: A multilevel study
    • Shenassa E, Stubbendick A, Brown MJ. Social disparities in housing and related pediatric injury: a multilevel study. Am J Pu blic Health. 2004; 94: 633-639.
    • (2004) Am J Pu Blic Health , vol.94 , pp. 633-639
    • Shenassa, E.1    Stubbendick, A.2    Brown, M.J.3
  • 57
    • 84888415203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and individual and neigbhorhood socioeconomic status: Evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA
    • Hajat A, Diez Roux AV, Adar SD, Auchincloss AH, Lovasi GS, O'Neill MS, et al. Air pollution and individual and neigbhorhood socioeconomic status: evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Environ Health Perspect. 2013; 121: 1325-1333.
    • (2013) Environ Health Perspect , vol.121 , pp. 1325-1333
    • Hajat, A.1    Diez Roux, A.V.2    Adar, S.D.3    Auchincloss, A.H.4    Lovasi, G.S.5    O'Neill, M.S.6
  • 58
    • 27344454718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environm ental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status, and respiratory health: A linkage analysis of routine data from the Health Survey for England
    • Wheeler BW, Ben-Shlomo Y. Environm ental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status, and respiratory health: A linkage analysis of routine data from the Health Survey for England. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005; 59: 948-954.
    • (2005) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.59 , pp. 948-954
    • Wheeler, B.W.1    Ben-Shlomo, Y.2
  • 59
    • 79551597875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity of PM10 and O3 in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil, and implications for human health studies
    • Bravo MA, Bell ML. Spatial heterogeneity of PM10 and O3 in Sa48&tidld;o Paulo, Brazil, and implications for human health studies. J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2011; 61: 69-77.
    • (2011) J Air Waste Manag Assoc , vol.61 , pp. 69-77
    • Bravo, M.A.1    Bell, M.L.2
  • 60
    • 84958599190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender and commuting time in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region
    • Neto RS, Duarte G, Paez A. Gender and commuting time in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region. Urban Studies. 2014, 1-16.
    • (2014) Urban Studies , pp. 1-16
    • Neto, R.S.1    Duarte, G.2    Paez, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.