The Global Burden of Fungal Diseases

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 1-11

  Vallabhaneni, Snigdha ^a   Mody, Rajal K ^a   Walker, Tiffany ^a   Chiller, Tom ^a  

^a CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

Author keywords

Aspergillus; Candida; Cryptococcus; Endemic mycoses; Epidemiology; Fungal diseases; Global burden; Mold

Indexed keywords

ANTIFUNGAL AGENT;

AJELLOMYCES CAPSULATUS; AJELLOMYCES DERMATITIDIS; ASPERGILLOSIS; BLASTOMYCOSIS; CANDIDA; CANDIDIASIS; COCCIDIOIDES IMMITIS; COCCIDIOIDES POSADASII; COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; DIMORPHIC FUNGAL INFECTION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; EUMYCETOMA; FILOBASIDIELLA; FUNGAL STRAIN; FUSARIOSIS; FUSARIUM; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HISTOPLASMOSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; INFECTION RISK; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MUCORMYCETES; MUCORMYCOSIS; MYCOSIS; NONHUMAN; ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION; PARACOCCIDIOIDES BRASILIENSIS; PNEUMOCYSTIS; PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECI; PNEUMOCYSTOSIS; PREVALENCE; PSEUDALLESCHERIASIS; PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM; REVIEW; SCEDOSPORIUM; SOUTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSIS; SYSTEMIC MYCOSIS; TALAROMYCES MARNEFFEI; TALAROMYCES MARNEFFEI INFECTION; COST OF ILLNESS; GLOBAL HEALTH; HEALTH SURVEY; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT; MICROBIOLOGY; MYCOSES; RISK FACTOR;

COST OF ILLNESS; GLOBAL HEALTH; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; INCIDENCE; MYCOSES; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84958123952     PISSN: 08915520     EISSN: 15579824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.004     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Seitz A.E., Younes N., Steiner C.A., et al. Incidence and trends of blastomycosis-associated hospitalizations in the United States. PLoS One 2014, 9(8):e105466.
2. Brown G.D., Denning D.W., Gow N.A., et al. Hidden killers: human fungal infections. Sci Transl Med 2012, 4(165):165rv113.
3. Pfaller M.A., Diekema D.J. Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: a persistent public health problem. Clin Microbiol Rev 2007, 20(1):133-163.
4. Cleveland A.A., Farley M.M., Harrison L.H., et al. Changes in incidence and antifungal drug resistance in candidemia: results from population-based laboratory surveillance in Atlanta and Baltimore, 2008-2011. Clin Microbiol Rev 2012, 55(10):1352-1361.
5. Cleveland A.A., Harrison L.H., Farley M.M., et al. Declining incidence of candidemia and the shifting epidemiology of Candida resistance in two US metropolitan areas, 2008-2013: results from population-based surveillance. PLoS One 2015, 10(3):e0120452.
6. Laupland K.B., Gregson D.B., Church D.L., et al. Invasive Candida species infections: a 5 year population-based assessment. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005, 56(3):532-537.
7. Poikonen E., Lyytikainen O., Anttila V.J., et al. Candidemia in Finland, 1995-1999. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9(8):985-990.
8. Hesstvedt L., Gaustad P., Andersen C.T., et al. Twenty-two years of candidaemia surveillance: results from a Norwegian national study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015, 21(10):938-945.
9. Almirante B., Rodriguez D., Park B.J., et al. Epidemiology and predictors of mortality in cases of Candida bloodstream infection: results from population-based surveillance, Barcelona, Spain, from 2002 to 2003. J Clin Microbiol 2005, 43(4):1829-1835.
10. Colombo A.L., Nucci M., Park B.J., et al. Epidemiology of candidemia in Brazil: a nationwide sentinel surveillance of candidemia in eleven medical centers. J Clin Microbiol 2006, 44(8):2816-2823.
11. Hajjeh R.A., Sofair A.N., Harrison L.H., et al. Incidence of bloodstream infections due to Candida species and in vitro susceptibilities of isolates collected from 1998 to 2000 in a population-based active surveillance program. J Clin Microbiol 2004, 42(4):1519-1527.
12. Lortholary O., Renaudat C., Sitbon K., et al. Worrisome trends in incidence and mortality of candidemia in intensive care units (Paris area, 2002-2010). Intensive Care Med 2014, 40(9):1303-1312.
13. Tan B.H., Chakrabarti A., Li R.Y., et al. Incidence and species distribution of candidaemia in Asia: a laboratory-based surveillance study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015, 21(10):946-953.
14. Chakrabarti A., Sood P., Rudramurthy S.M., et al. Incidence, characteristics and outcome of ICU-acquired candidemia in India. Intensive Care Med 2015, 41(2):285-295.
15. Pfaller M.A., Andes D.R., Diekema D.J., et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of invasive candidiasis due to non-albicans species of Candida in 2,496 patients: data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy (PATH) registry 2004-2008. PLoS One 2014, 9(7):e101510.
16. Chakrabarti A., Chatterjee S.S., Shivaprakash M.R. Overview of opportunistic fungal infections in India. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 2008, 49(3):165-172.
17. Tan T.Y., Tan A.L., Tee N.W., et al. A retrospective analysis of antifungal susceptibilities of Candida bloodstream isolates from Singapore hospitals. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2008, 37(10):835-840.
18. Kumar S., Kalam K., Ali S., et al. Frequency, clinical presentation and microbiological spectrum of candidemia in a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 2014, 64(3):281-285.
19. Tang J.L., Kung H.C., Lei W.C., et al. High incidences of invasive fungal infections in acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving induction chemotherapy without systemic antifungal prophylaxis: a prospective observational study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2015, 10(6):e0128410.
20. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance global report on surveillance 2014. Available at: . Accessed September 14, 2015. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t%26rct=j%26q=%26esrc=s%26source=web%26cd=2%26ved=0CCoQFjABahUKEwjj3NCDvvfHAhXK04AKHecLAfQ%26url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Firis%2Fbitstream%2F10665%2F112642%2F1%2F9789241564748_eng.pdf%26usg=AFQjCNEYHe6GdKBRHaI2aksvCFRHTZsBig%26sig2=4Cd65ehvmPmbrXO3IsDWzQ.
21. Park B.J., Wannemuehler K.A., Marston B.J., et al. Estimation of the current global burden of cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS 2009, 23(4):525-530.
22. Mfinanga S., Chanda D., Kivuyo S.L., et al. Cryptococcal meningitis screening and community-based early adherence support in people with advanced HIV infection starting antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania and Zambia: an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015, 385(9983):2173-2182.
23. Baddley J.W., Perfect J.R., Oster R.A., et al. Pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients without HIV infection: factors associated with disseminated disease. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008, 27(10):937-943.
24. Espinel-Ingroff A., Kidd S.E. Current trends in the prevalence of Cryptococcus gattii in the United States and Canada. Infect Drug Resist 2015, 8:89-97.
25. Morris A., Lundgren J.D., Masur H., et al. Current epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Emerg Infect Dis 2004, 10(10):1713-1720.
26. Roblot F., Le Moal G., Kauffmann-Lacroix C., et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative patients: a prospective study with focus on immunosuppressive drugs and markers of immune impairment. Scand J Infect Dis 2014, 46(3):210-214.
27. Pappas P.G., Alexander B.D., Andes D.R., et al. Invasive fungal infections among organ transplant recipients: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET). Clin Infect Dis 2010, 50(8):1101-1111.
28. Kontoyiannis D.P., Marr K.A., Park B.J., et al. Prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, 2001-2006: overview of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) Database. Clin Infect Dis 2010, 50(8):1091-1100.
29. Bitar D., Lortholary O., Le Strat Y., et al. Population-based analysis of invasive fungal infections, France, 2001-2010. Emerg Infect Dis 2014, 20(7):1149-1155.
30. Nucci M., Garnica M., Gloria A.B., et al. Invasive fungal diseases in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients and in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia or myelodysplasia in Brazil. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013, 19(8):745-751.
31. Warnock D.W. Trends in the epidemiology of invasive fungal infections. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 2007, 48(1):1-12.
32. Cortez K.J., Roilides E., Quiroz-Telles F., et al. Infections caused by Scedosporium spp. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008, 21(1):157-197.
33. Lamaris G.A., Chamilos G., Lewis R.E., et al. Scedosporium infection in a tertiary care cancer center: a review of 25 cases from 1989-2006. Clin Infect Dis 2006, 43(12):1580-1584.
34. Dignani M.C., Anaissie E. Human fusariosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004, 10(Suppl 1):67-75.
35. Myint T., Al-Hasan M.N., Ribes J.A., et al. Temporal trends, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of histoplasmosis in a tertiary care center in Kentucky, 2000 to 2009. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2014, 13(2):100-105.
36. Kauffman C.A., Freifeld A.G., Andes D.R., et al. Endemic fungal infections in solid organ and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients enrolled in the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET). Transpl Infect Dis 2014, 16(2):213-224.
37. Baddley J.W., Winthrop K.L., Patkar N.M., et al. Geographic distribution of endemic fungal infections among older persons, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2011, 17(9):1664-1669.
38. Colombo A.L., Tobon A., Restrepo A., et al. Epidemiology of endemic systemic fungal infections in Latin America. Med Mycol 2011, 49(8):785-798.
39. Nacher M., Adenis A., Adriouch L., et al. What is AIDS in the Amazon and the Guianas? Establishing the burden of disseminated histoplasmosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011, 84(2):239-240.
40. Pan B., Chen M., Pan W., et al. Histoplasmosis: a new endemic fungal infection in China? Review and analysis of cases. Mycoses 2013, 56(3):212-221.
41. Antinori S. Histoplasma capsulatum: more widespread than previously thought. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014, 90(6):982-983.
42. Gugnani H.C., Muotoe-Okafor F. African histoplasmosis: a review. Rev Iberoam Micol 1997, 14(4):155-159.
43. CDC Increase in reported coccidioidomycosis-United States, 1998-2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013, 62(12):217-221.
44. Chang D.C., Anderson S., Wannemuehler K., et al. Testing for coccidioidomycosis among patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Emerg Infect Dis 2008, 14(7):1053-1059.
45. Padua y Gabriel A., Martinez-Ordaz V.A., Velasco-Rodreguez V.M., et al. Prevalence of skin reactivity to coccidioidin and associated risks factors in subjects living in a northern city of Mexico. Arch Med Res 1999, 30(5):388-392.
46. Brown J., Benedict K., Park B.J., et al. Coccidioidomycosis: epidemiology. Clin Epidemiol 2013, 5:185-197.
47. Queiroz-Telles F., Escuissato D.L. Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2011, 32(6):764-774.
48. Restrepo A., McEwen J.G., Castañeda E. The habitat of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: how far from solving the riddle?. Med Mycol 2001, 39(3):233-241.
49. Morris S.K., Brophy J., Richardson S.E., et al. Blastomycosis in Ontario, 1994-2003. Emerg Infect Dis 2006, 12(2):274-279.
50. Benedict K., Roy M., Chiller T., et al. Epidemiologic and ecologic features of blastomycosis: a review. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 2012, 6:327-335.
51. Reed K.D., Meece J.K., Archer J.R., et al. Ecologic niche modeling of Blastomyces dermatitidis in Wisconsin. PLoS One 2008, 3(4):e2034.
52. Supparatpinyo K., Khamwan C., Baosoung V., et al. Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection in southeast Asia. Lancet 1994, 344(8915):110-113.
53. Ranjana K.H., Priyokumar K., Singh T.J., et al. Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection among HIV-infected patients in Manipur state, India. J Infect 2002, 45(4):268-271.
54. Zheng J., Gui X., Cao Q., et al. A clinical study of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated Penicillium marneffei infection from a non-endemic area in China. PLoS One 2015, 10(6):e0130376.
55. Wang Y.F., Xu H.F., Han Z.G., et al. Serological surveillance for Penicillium marneffei infection in HIV-infected patients during 2004-2011 in Guangzhou, China. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015, 21(5):484-489.
56. Ahmed A.O.A., van Leeuwen W., Fahal A., et al. Mycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis: a neglected infectious burden. Lancet Infect Dis 2004, 4(9):566-574.
57. Bonifaz A., Tirado-Sánchez A., Calderón L., et al. Mycetoma: experience of 482 cases in a single center in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014, 8(8):e3102.
58. van de Sande W.W. Global burden of human mycetoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013, 7(11):e2550.
59. Kenyon C., Bonorchis K., Corcoran C., et al. A dimorphic fungus causing disseminated infection in South Africa. N Engl J Med 2013, 369(15):1416-1424.
60. Chowdhary A., Anil Kumar V., Sharma C., et al. Multidrug-resistant endemic clonal strain of Candida auris in India. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014, 33(6):919-926.
61. Freitas D.F., Valle A.C., da Silva M.B., et al. Sporotrichosis: an emerging neglected opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014, 8(8):e3110.
62. Vermeulen E., Lagrou K., Verweij P.E. Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a growing public health concern. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2013, 26(6):493-500.