Impact of advertisements promoting candy-like flavoured e-cigarettes on appeal of tobacco smoking among children: An experimental study

Tobacco Control

Volumn 25, Issue e2, 2016, Pages e107-e112

  Vasiljevic, Milica ^a   Petrescu, Dragos C ^a   Marteau, Theresa M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Advertising and Promotion; Electronic nicotine delivery devices; Media; Nicotine

Indexed keywords

FLAVORING AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ADVERTISING; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CANDY; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; ENGLAND; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MARKETING; PROCEDURES; PSYCHOLOGY; RANDOMIZATION; SMOKING;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR; ADVERTISING AS TOPIC; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CANDY; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS; ENGLAND; FEMALE; FLAVORING AGENTS; HUMANS; MALE; MARKETING; RANDOM ALLOCATION; SMOKING;

EID: 84957916591     PISSN: 09644563     EISSN: 14683318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052593     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Fairchild AL, Bayer R, Colgrove J. The renormalization of smoking? E-Cigarettes and the Tobacco “Endgame”. N Engl J Med 2014;370:293–5.
2. McRobbie H, Bullen C, Hartmann-Boyce J, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;CD010216.
3. Dutra LM, Glantz SA. Electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarette use among U. S adolescents: a cross-sectional study. JAMA Pediatr 2014;168:610–17.
4. Moore GF, Littlecott HJ, Moore L, et al. E-cigarette use and intentions to smoke among 10–11-year-old never-smokers in Wales. Tob Control 2016;25: 147–52.
5. Primack BA, Soneji S, Stoolmiller M, et al. Progression to traditional cigarette smoking after electronic cigarette use Among US adolescents and young adults. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169:1018–23.
6. Czoli CD, Hammond D, Reid JL, et al. Use of conventional and alternative tobacco and nicotine products among a sample of Canadian youth. J Adolesc Health 2015;57:123–5.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tobacco use among middle and high school students—United States, 2011–2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015;64:381–5. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6414a3.htm?s_ cid=mm6414a3_e
8. World Health Organization. Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Report by WHO. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2014. http://www.who.int/nmh/events/2014/backgrounder-e-cigarettes/en/
9. Bandura A. Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1977.
10. Poulsen LH, Osler M, Roberts C, et al. Exposure to teachers smoking and adolescent smoking behaviour: analysis of cross sectional data from Denmark. Tob Control 2002;11:246–51.
11. Schneider S, Diehl K. Vaping as a catalyst for smoking? An initial model on the initiation of electronic cigarette use and the transition to tobacco smoking among adolescents. Nicotine Tob Res Published Online First: 18 Sep 2015. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv193
12. Committee of Advertising practice (CAP). New rules for the marketing of e-cigarettes. London, England, October, 2014. https://www.cap.org.uk/News-reports/Media-Centre/2014/~/media/Files/CAP/Consultations/ecig%20consultation/Regulatory%20Statement.ashx
13. Food and Drug Administration. Deeming tobacco products to be subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended by the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; regulations on the sale and distribution of tobacco products and required warning statements for tobacco products. Fed Regist 2014;79:23141–207.
14. Duke JC, Lee YO, Kim AE, et al. Exposure to electronic cigarette television advertisements among youth and young adults. Pediatrics 2014;134:e29–36.
15. Zhu SH, Sun JY, Bonnevie E, et al. Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation. Tob Control 2014;23(Suppl): iii3–9.
16. World Health Organization. The scientific basis of tobacco product regulation: a WHO Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation Report; No. 945. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2007. http://www.who.int/tobacco/global_interaction/tobreg/who_tsr.pdf
17. Dwyer JB, McQuown SC, Leslie FM. The dynamic effects of nicotine on the developing brain. Pharmacol Ther 2009;122:125–39.
18. Carpenter CM, Wayne GF, Pauly JL, et al. New cigarette brands with flavors that appeal to youth: tobacco marketing strategies. Health Aff 2005;24:1601–10.
19. Cummings KM, Morley CP, Horan JK, et al. Marketing to America’s youth: evidence from corporate documents. Tob Control 2002;11(Suppl 1):i5–i17.
20. Brown & Williamson. Youth Cigarette—New Concepts. Marketing Innovations memo to Brown & Williamson, September 1972, Bates No. 170042014.
21. Brown & Williamson. Taste Segmentation Study Final Report, May 1984, Bates No. 538003902–538003933.
22. Philip Morris. New flavors qualitative research insights, October 1992. Bates No. 2023163698–2023163710.
23. Action on Smoking and Health (ASH). Use of electronic cigarettes among children in Great Britain. June, 2015. http://www.ash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_959.pdf
24. Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC). Smoking, drinking and drug use among young people in England—2014. Leeds, England, 2015. http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB17879/smok-drin-drug-youn-peop-eng-2014-rep.pdf
25. US Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing tobacco use among youth and young adults: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, 2012. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/preventing-youth-tobacco-use/full-report.pdf
26. Ford A, MacKintosh AM, Moodie C, et al. Cigarette pack design and adolescent smoking susceptibility: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open 2013;3:e003282.
27. Stanford Adverts Repository. http://tobacco.stanford.edu/tobacco_main/main_ecigs.php
28. Wakefield M, Germain D, Durkin S, et al. An experimental study of effects on schoolchildren of exposure to point-of-sale cigarette advertising and pack displays. Health Educ Res 2006;21:338–47.
29. Pierce JP, Choi WS, Gilpin EA, et al. Validation of susceptibility as a predictor of which adolescents take up smoking in the United States. Health Psychol 1996;15:355–61.
30. Unger JB, Johnson CA, Rohrbach LA. Recognition and liking of tobacco and alcohol advertisements among adolescents: relationships with susceptibility to substance use. Prev Med 1995;24:461–6.
31. Ajzen I. Nature and operation of attitudes. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52:27–58.
32. Strack F, Deutsch R. Reflective and impulsive determinants of social behavior. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 2004;8:220–47.
33. Zajonc RB. Feeling and thinking: preferences need no inferences. Am Psychol 1980;35:151–75.
34. Chassin L, Presson CC, Sherman SJ, et al. Predicting the onset of cigarette smoking in adolescents: a longitudinal study. J Appl Soc Psychol 1984;14:224–43.
35. Lo SK, Blaze-Temple D, Binns CW, et al. Adolescent cigarette consumption: the influence of attitudes and peer drug use. Subst Use Misuse 1993;28:1515–30.
36. Greenwald AG, McGhee DE, Schwartz JL. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test. J Pers Soc Psychol 1998;74:1464–80.
37. Moore G, Hewitt G, Evans J, et al. Electronic-cigarette use among young people in Wales: evidence from two cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open 2015;5:e007072.
38. US Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: GA, 2014. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/#fullreport
39. Grana R, Benowitz N, Glantz SA. E-cigarettes: a scientific review. Circulation 2014;129:1972–86.