Sudden cardiac death in neuromuscular disorders

International Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 203, Issue , 2016, Pages 508-515

  Finsterer, Josef ^a   Stöllberger, Claudia ^a   Maeztu, Concha ^b  

^a KRANKENANSTALT RUDOLFSTIFTUNG   (Austria)

^b General Hospital   (Spain)

Author keywords

Arrhythmias; Cardiac death; Cardiomyopathy; Late enhancement; Mortality; Myopathy; Neuropathy; Sudden death

Indexed keywords

GADOLINIUM;

AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; ANDERSEN SYNDROME; BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY; BIFASCICULAR BLOCK; CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DANON DISEASE; DESMINOPATHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISORDERS OF MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONS; DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY; DYSAUTONOMIA; ECG ABNORMALITY; EMERY DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY; FAMILIAL AMYLOID POLYNEUROPATHY; FAMILY HISTORY; HEART BLOCK; HEART BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HEART REPOLARIZATION; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR; LAMINOPATHY; MEDICAL HISTORY; MYASTHENIA GRAVIS; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE; PREDICTOR VARIABLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QT PROLONGATION; QT VARIABILITY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; T WAVE ALTERNANS; VENTRICULAR NONCOMPACTION; AUSTRIA; COMPLICATION; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SPAIN;

AUSTRIA; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; HUMANS; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SPAIN;

EID: 84952922447     PISSN: 01675273     EISSN: 18741754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.176     Document Type: Review

References (117)

1. D. Bhakta, M.R. Groh, C. Shen, R.M. Pascuzzi, and W.J. Groh Increased mortality with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1 Am. Heart J. 160 2010 1137 1141
2. S.S. Chugh, J. Jui, K. Gunson, and et al. Current burden of sudden cardiac death: multiple source surveillance versus retrospective death certificate-based review in a large U.S. community J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 44 2004 1268 1275
3. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators Preliminary report: effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction N. Engl. J. Med. 321 1989 406 412
4. M.W. Deyell, A.D. Krahn, and J.J. Goldberger Sudden cardiac death risk stratification Circ. Res. 116 2015 1907 1918
5. Y. Tanaka, M. Yamada, A. Koumura, T. Sakurai, Y. Hayashi, A. Kimura, and et al. Cardiac sympathetic function in the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: analysis using cardiac [123I] MIBG scintigraphy J. Neurol. 260 2013 2380 2386
6. J. Finsterer, C. Stölberger, and W. Kopsa Noncompaction in myotonic dystrophy type 1 on cardiac MRI Cardiology 103 2005 167 168
7. K. Wahbi, V. Algalarrondo, H.M. Bécane, V. Fressart, C. Beldjord, K. Azibi, and et al. Brugada syndrome and abnormal splicing of SCN5A in myotonic dystrophy type 1 Arch. Cardiovasc. Dis. 106 2013 635 643
8. H. Petri, N. Witting, M.K. Ersbøll, A. Sajadieh, M. Dunø, S. Helweg-Larsen, and et al. High prevalence of cardiac involvement in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a cross-sectional study Int. J. Cardiol. 174 2014 31 36
9. V. Rakocevic Stojanovic, S. Peric, T. Paunic, S. Pavlovic, E. Cvitan, I. Basta, and et al. Cardiologic predictors of sudden death in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 J. Clin. Neurosci. 20 2013 1002 1006
10. D. Benhayon, R. Lugo, R. Patel, L. Carballeira, L. Elman, and J.M. Cooper Long-term arrhythmia follow-up of patients with myotonic dystrophy J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 26 2015 305 310
11. A.H. Ha, M.A. Tarnopolsky, T.G. Bergstra, G.M. Nair, A. Al-Qubbany, and J.S. Healey Predictors of atrio-ventricular conduction disease, long-term outcomes in patients with myotonic dystrophy types I and II Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 35 2012 1262 1269
12. M. Facenda-Lorenzo, J. Hernández-Afonso, M. Rodríguez-Esteban, J.C. de León-Hernández, and J.J. Grillo-Pérez Cardiac manifestations in myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients followed using a standard protocol in a specialized unit Rev. Esp. Cardiol. (Engl. Ed.) 66 2013 193 197
13. Y.S. Ng, and D.M. Turnbull Mitochondrial disease: genetics and management J. Neurol. 2015 (in press)
14. J. Finsterer, and S. Kothari Cardiac manifestations of primary mitochondrial disorders Int. J. Cardiol. 177 2014 754 763
15. S. Khambatta, D.L. Nguyen, T.J. Beckman, and C.M. Wittich Kearns-Sayre syndrome: a case series of 35 adults and children Int. J. Gen. Med. 7 2014 325 332
16. H.D. Vallance, G. Jeven, D.C. Wallace, and M.D. Brown A case of sporadic infantile histiocytoid cardiomyopathy caused by the A8344G (MERRF) mitochondrial DNA mutation Pediatr. Cardiol. 25 5 Sep-Oct 2004 538 540
17. T.Y. Yen, W.L. Hwu, Y.H. Chien, M.H. Wu, M.T. Lin, L.Y. Tsao, and et al. Acute metabolic decompensation and sudden death in Barth syndrome: report of a family and a literature review Eur. J. Pediatr. 167 2008 941 944
18. S. Mazurová, M. Tesəová, M. Magner, H. Houšt'ková, H. Hansíková, J. Augustínová, and et al. Novel mutations in the TAZ gene in patients with Barth syndrome Prague Med. Rep. 114 2013 139 153
19. Y. Ding, and J. Huang Is mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) T7501C mutation associated with cardiovascular disease? Mitochondrial DNA 2014 (in press)
20. A.I. Dipchand, I. Tein, B. Robinson, and L.N. Benson Maternally inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a manifestation of mitochondrial DNA mutations - clinical course in two families Pediatr. Cardiol. 22 2001 14 22
21. G. Silvestri, F.M. Santorelli, S. Shanske, C.B. Whitley, L.A. Schimmenti, S.A. Smith, and et al. A new mtDNA mutation in the tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene associated with maternally inherited cardiomyopathy Hum. Mutat. 3 1994 37 43
22. H. Guo, X.Y. Zhuang, A.M. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Yuan, L. Guo, and et al. Presence of mutation m.14484T > C in a Chinese family with maternally inherited essential hypertension but no expression of LHON Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1822 2012 1535 1543
23. J. Baruteau, P. Sachs, P. Broué, M. Brivet, H. Abdoul, C. Vianey-Saban, and et al. Clinical and biological features at diagnosis in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation defects: a French pediatric study of 187 patients J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 36 2013 795 803
24. P. Wasant, I. Matsumoto, E. Naylor, and S. Liammongkolkul Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders in Thai infants: a report of 3 cases J. Med. Assoc. Thail. 85 Suppl. 2 2002 S710 S719
25. R.R. Ascunce, A.C. Nayar, C.K. Phoon, and M.B. Srichai Cardiac magnetic resonance findings in a case of carnitine deficiency Tex. Heart Inst. J. 40 2013 104 105
26. R. Yahyaoui, M.G. Espinosa, C. Gómez, A. Dayaldasani, I. Rueda, A. Roldán, and et al. Neonatal carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency associated with Dandy-Walker syndrome and sudden death Mol. Genet. Metab. 104 2011 414 416
27. N. Cabanelas, and V.P. Martins Laminopathies: a Pandora's box of heart failure, bradyarrhythmias and sudden death Rev. Port. Cardiol. 34 2015 139 (e1-5)
28. J.H. van Berlo, W.G. de Voogt, A.J. van der Kooi, J.P. van Tintelen, G. Bonne, R.B. Yaou, and et al. Meta-analysis of clinical characteristics of 299 carriers of LMNA gene mutations: do lamin A/C mutations portend a high risk of sudden death? J. Mol. Med. 83 2005 79 83
29. A. Nalini, N. Gayathri, P. Richard, A.M. Cobo, and J.A. Urtizberea New mutation of the desmin gene identified in an extended Indian pedigree presenting with distal myopathy and cardiac disease Neurol. India 61 2013 622 626
30. P. Maddison, M.S. Damian, C. Sewry, C. McGorrian, J.B. Winer, Z. Odgerel, and et al. Clinical and myopathological characteristics of desminopathy caused by a mutation in desmin tail domain Eur. Neurol. 68 2012 279 286
31. E. Ammendola, V. Russo, L. Politano, L. Santangelo, and R. Calabrò Is heart rate variability a valid parameter to predict sudden death in patients with Becker's muscular dystrophy? Heart 92 2006 1686 1687
32. S.C. Menon, S.P. Etheridge, K.N. Liesemer, R.V. Williams, T. Bardsley, M.C. Heywood, and et al. Predictive value of myocardial delayed enhancement in Duchenne muscular dystrophy Pediatr. Cardiol. 35 2014 1279 1285
33. J. Kim, P. Parikh, M. Mahboob, J.A. Arrighi, M.K. Atalay, E.J. Rowin, and et al. Asymptomatic young man with Danon disease Tex. Heart Inst. J. 41 2014 332 334
34. F. Usuki, S. Takenaga, I. Higuchi, N. Kashio, M. Nakagawa, and M. Osame Morphologic findings in biopsied skeletal muscle and cultured fibroblasts from a female patient with Danon's disease (lysosomal glycogen storage disease without acid maltase deficiency) J. Neurol. Sci. 127 1994 54 60
35. D. Miani, M. Taylor, L. Mestroni, F. D'Aurizio, N. Finato, M. Fanin, and et al. Sudden death associated with Danon disease in women Am. J. Cardiol. 109 2012 406 411
36. S.L. Cottinet, A.M. Bergemer-Fouquet, A. Toutain, F. Sabourdy, Z. Maakaroun-Vermesse, T. Levade, and et al. Danon disease: intrafamilial phenotypic variability related to a novel LAMP-2 mutation J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 34 2011 515 522
37. H. Asai, M. Hirano, F. Udaka, K. Shimada, M. Oda, T. Kubori, and et al. Sympathetic disturbances increase risk of sudden cardiac arrest in sporadic ALS J. Neurol. Sci. 254 2007 78 83
38. B.G. Schoser, K. Ricker, C. Schneider-Gold, C. Hengstenberg, J. Dürre, B. Bültmann, and et al. Sudden cardiac death in myotonic dystrophy type 2 Neurology 63 2004 2402 2404
39. V.A. Sansone, E. Brigonzi, B. Schoser, S. Villani, M. Gaeta, G. De Ambroggi, and et al. The frequency and severity of cardiac involvement in myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2): long-term outcomes Int. J. Cardiol. 168 2013 1147 1153
40. T.D. Gossios, L.R. Lopes, and P.M. Elliott Left ventricular hypertrophy caused by a novel nonsense mutation in FHL1 Eur. J. Med. Genet. 56 2013 251 255
41. M. Argiriou, V. Patris, N. Lama, S. Katsaridis, O. Argiriou, and C. Charitos Left ventricular rupture after double valve replacement in a patient with myocarditis due to myasthenia gravis Cardiovasc. J. Afr. 24 2013 e1 e3
42. H. Hofstad, O.J. Ohm, S.J. Mørk, and J.A. Aarli Heart disease in myasthenia gravis Acta Neurol. Scand. 70 1984 176 184
43. S. Suzuki, K. Utsugisawa, Y. Nagane, T. Satoh, Y. Terayama, N. Suzuki, and et al. Classification of myasthenia gravis based on autoantibody status Arch. Neurol. 64 2007 1121 1124
44. J. Lewek, K. Kaczmarek, I. Cygankiewicz, J.K. Wranicz, and P. Ptaszynski Inflammation and arrhythmias: potential mechanisms and clinical implications Expert. Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 12 2014 1077 1085
45. A. Kostera-Pruszczyk, A. Potulska-Chromik, P. Pruszczyk, K. Bieganowska, M. Miszczak-Knecht, P. Bienias, and et al. Andersen-Tawil syndrome: report of 3 novel mutations and high risk of symptomatic cardiac involvement Muscle Nerve 51 2015 192 196
46. M. Shohat, and H.M. Weisz Familial Dysautonomia. 2003 Jan 21 [updated 2014 Dec 18] R.A. Pagon, M.P. Adam, H.H. Ardinger, S.E. Wallace, A. Amemiya, B. LJH, T.D. Bird, C.R. Dolan, C.T. Fong, S. RJH, K. Stephens, GeneReviews® [Internet] 1993-2015 University of Washington, Seattle Seattle (WA) Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1180/
47. I. Solaimanzadeh, T.T. Schlegel, A.H. Feiveson, E.C. Greco, J.L. DePalma, V. Starc, and et al. Advanced electrocardiographic predictors of mortality in familial dysautonomia Auton. Neurosci. 144 2008 76 82
48. N. Delahaye, D. Le Guludec, S. Dinanian, J. Delforge, M.S. Slama, L. Sarda, and et al. Myocardial muscarinic receptor upregulation and normal response to isoproterenol in denervated hearts by familial amyloid polyneuropathy Circulation 104 2001 2911 2916
49. V. Algalarrondo, S. Dinanian, C. Juin, D. Chemla, S.L. Bennani, C. Sebag, and et al. Prophylactic pacemaker implantation in familial amyloid polyneuropathy Heart Rhythm. 9 2012 1069 1075
50. N. Delahaye, F. Rouzet, L. Sarda, C. Tamas, S. Dinanian, V. Plante-Bordeneuve, and et al. Impact of liver transplantation on cardiac autonomic denervation in familial amyloid polyneuropathy Medicine (Baltimore) 85 2006 229 238
51. P. Hubner, G. Meron, I. Kürkciyan, C. Weiser, C. Wallmüller, M. Stöckl, and et al. Neurologic causes of cardiac arrest and outcomes J. Emerg. Med. 47 2014 660 667
52. A. Briasoulis, S. Mallikethi-Reddy, M. Palla, I. Alesh, and L. Afonso Myocardial fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis Heart Jun 9 2015 (pii: heartjnl-2015-307682) http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2015-307682
53. M.T. Maeder, and P. Ammann Changes in BNP and QTc for prediction of sudden death in heart failure Futur. Cardiol. 9 2013 317 320
54. B. Gray, J. Ingles, C. Medi, and C. Semsarian Prolongation of the QTc interval predicts appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy JACC Heart Fail. 1 2013 149 155
55. J. Kreuz, L.M. Lickfett, and J.O. Schwab Modern noninvasive risk stratification in primary prevention of sudden cardiac death J. Interv. Card. Electrophysiol. 23 2008 23 28
56. D. Magrì, G. Piccirillo, E. Bucci, G. Pignatelli, F.M. Cauti, S. Morino, and et al. Increased temporal dispersion of myocardial repolarization in myotonic dystrophy type 1: beyond the cardiac conduction system Int. J. Cardiol. 156 2012 259 264
57. S.K. Lad, and G. Amonkar Sudden death in a case of isolated left ventricular noncompaction: an autopsy case report Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol. 36 2015 249 250
58. J.A. Towbin Left ventricular noncompaction: a new form of heart failure Heart Fail. Clin. 6 2010 453 469
59. J. Stojanovska, A. Garg, S. Patel, D.M. Melville, E.A. Kazerooni, and G.C. Mueller Congenital and hereditary causes of sudden cardiac death in young adults: diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and risk stratification Radiographics 33 2013 1977 2001
60. S.T. Brescia, J.W. Rossano, R. Pignatelli, J.L. Jefferies, J.F. Price, J.A. Decker, and et al. Mortality and sudden death in pediatric left ventricular noncompaction in a tertiary referral center Circulation 127 2013 2202 2208
61. C. Stöllberger, J. Finsterer, and G. Blazek Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction and association with additional cardiac abnormalities and neuromuscular disorders Am. J. Cardiol. 90 2002 899 902
62. A. Bonny, D.N. Noah, S.N. Amougou, and C. Saka Prevalence and significance of early repolarisation in a black African population: data of 246 individuals with cardiovascular morbidity Cardiovasc. J. Afr. 24 2013 280 285
63. M.A. Santos, A. Costa Fde, A.F. Travessa, M.T. Bombig, F.H. Fonseca, B. Luna Filho, and et al. Duchenne muscular dystrophy: electrocardiographic analysis of 131 patients Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 94 2010 620 624
64. R.J. Sung, S.N. Wu, J.S. Wu, H.D. Chang, and C.H. Luo Electrophysiological mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias in relation to Andersen-Tawil syndrome under conditions of reduced IK1: a simulation study Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 291 2006 H2597 H2605
65. A.H. Khandoker, M.H. Imam, J.P. Couderc, M. Palaniswami, and H.F. Jelinek QT variability index changes with severity of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 16 2012 900 906
66. F.M. Merchant, O. Sayadi, D. Puppala, K. Moazzami, V. Heller, and A.A. Armoundas A translational approach to probe the proarrhythmic potential of cardiac alternans: a reversible overture to arrhythmogenesis? Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 306 2014 H465 H474
67. E. Asensio, M. Gómez, R. Narváez, L. Castillo, J. Oseguera, J. Dorantes, and et al. Description of the resting electrocardiogram in a series of patients with myasthenia gravis Rev. Investig. Clin. 55 2003 270 275
68. W.J. Groh, M.R. Groh, C. Saha, J.C. Kincaid, Z. Simmons, E. Ciafaloni, and et al. Electrocardiographic abnormalities and sudden death in myotonic dystrophy type 1 N. Engl. J. Med. 358 2008 2688 2697
69. R. Breton, and J. Mathieu Usefulness of clinical and electrocardiographic data for predicting adverse cardiac events in patients with myotonic dystrophy Can. J. Cardiol. 25 2009 e23 e27
70. E. Siméon, A. Patier-Dussauge, A. Bernard-Brunet, N. Clémenty, J.B. Gouraud, B. Guyomarch, and et al. Insufficiency of electrocardiogram alone in predicting infrahisian abnormalities in patients with type 1 myotonic dystrophy Int. J. Cardiol. 172 2014 625 627
71. E. Turillazzi, M. Neri, I. Riezzo, M. Di Paolo, L. Evangelisti, and V. Fineschi Cardiac fibrosis, arrhythmia and sudden death in myotonic dystrophy type 1: could TGF-ß1 improve the predictive accuracy of patients at risk, opening new therapeutic challenges? Int. J. Cardiol. 168 2013 4976 4978
72. A. Taniguchi, T. Kitagawa, and S. Kuzuhara MELAS sudden death due to paroxysmal arrhythmia Nihon Rinsho 60 Suppl. 4 2002 606 609
73. W. Chen, J. Huo, A. Ma, L. Bai, and P. Liu A novel mutation of the LMNA gene in a family with dilated cardiomyopathy, conduction system disease, and sudden cardiac death of young females Mol. Cell. Biochem. 382 2013 307 311
74. H. Nzwalo, I. Conceição, P. Pereira, R. Santos, and T. Evangelista A family with 2 different hereditary diseases leading to early cardiac involvement J. Clin. Neuromuscul. Dis. 14 2013 204 208
75. H. Keller, J. Finsterer, C. Steger, P. Wexberg, E. Gatterer, C. Khazen, and et al. Novel c.367-369del LMNA mutation manifesting as severe arrhythmias, dilated cardiomyopathy, and myopathy Heart Lung 41 2012 382 386
76. W.L. Yuan, C.Y. Huang, J.F. Wang, S.L. Xie, R.Q. Nie, Y.M. Liu, and et al. R25G mutation in exon 1 of LMNA gene is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B Chin. Med. J. 122 2009 2840 2845
77. J.C. Charniot, M. Desnos, K. Zerhouni, D. Bonnefont-Rousselot, J.P. Albertini, J.Z. Salama, and et al. Severe dilated cardiomyopathy and quadriceps myopathy due to lamin A/C gene mutation: a phenotypic study Eur. J. Heart Fail. 8 2006 249 256
78. T. Sanna, A. Dello Russo, D. Toniolo, M. Vytopil, G. Pelargonio, G. De Martino, and et al. Cardiac features of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy caused by lamin A/C gene mutations Eur. Heart J. 24 2003 2227 2236
79. P.M. Jakobs, E.L. Hanson, K.A. Crispell, W. Toy, H. Keegan, K. Schilling, and et al. Novel lamin A/C mutations in two families with dilated cardiomyopathy and conduction system disease J. Card. Fail. 7 2001 249 256
80. D. Fatkin, C. MacRae, T. Sasaki, M.R. Wolff, M. Porcu, M. Frenneaux, and et al. Missense mutations in the rod domain of the lamin A/C gene as causes of dilated cardiomyopathy and conduction-system disease N. Engl. J. Med. 341 1999 1715 1724
81. A. Brodehl, M. Dieding, B. Klauke, E. Dec, S. Madaan, T. Huang, and et al. The novel desmin mutant p.A120D impairs filament formation, prevents intercalated disk localization, and causes sudden cardiac death Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 6 2013 615 623
82. R.K. Sung, P.C. Ursell, J.E. Rame, H. Bailey, C. Caleshu, R.L. Nussbaum, and et al. QTc prolongation and family history of sudden death in a patient with desmin cardiomyopathy Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 34 2011 e105 e108
83. M.C. Walter, P. Reilich, A. Huebner, D. Fischer, R. Schröder, M. Vorgerd, and et al. Scapuloperoneal syndrome type Kaeser and a wide phenotypic spectrum of adult-onset, dominant myopathies are associated with the desmin mutation R350P Brain 130 2007 1485 1496
84. M. Arias, J. Pardo, P. Blanco-Arias, M.J. Sobrido, S. Arias, D. Dapena, and et al. Distinct phenotypic features and gender-specific disease manifestations in a Spanish family with desmin L370P mutation Neuromuscul. Disord. 16 2006 498 503
85. G. Nigro, G. Nigro, L. Politano, L. Santangelo, V.R. Petretta, L. Passamano, and et al. Is the value of QT dispersion a valid method to foresee the risk of sudden death? A study in Becker patients Heart 87 2002 156 157
86. M. Konagaya, M. Sakai, T. Wakayama, S. Kimura, S. Kuru, and F. Yasuma Effect of intermittent positive pressure ventilation on life-span and causes of death in Duchenne muscular dystrophy Rinsho Shinkeigaku 45 2005 643 646
87. A.A. Chenard, H.M. Becane, F. Tertrain, J.M. de Kermadec, and Y.A. Weiss Ventricular arrhythmia in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: prevalence, significance and prognosis Neuromuscul. Disord. 3 1993 201 206
88. A. Yanagisawa, M. Miyagawa, M. Yotsukura, T. Tsuya, C. Shirato, T. Ishihara, and et al. The prevalence and prognostic significance of arrhythmias in Duchenne type muscular dystrophy Am. Heart J. 124 1992 1244 1250
89. F. Muntoni, G. Catani, A. Mateddu, M. Rimoldi, T. Congiu, G. Faa, and et al. Familial cardiomyopathy, mental retardation and myopathy associated with desmin-type intermediate filaments Neuromuscul. Disord. 4 1994 233 241
90. S.S. Luo, J.Y. Xi, S. Cai, C.B. Zhao, J.H. Lu, W.H. Zhu, and et al. Novel LAMP2 mutations in Chinese patients with Danon disease cause varying degrees of clinical severity Clin. Neuropathol. 33 2014 284 291
91. A. Zaki, A. Zaidi, W.G. Newman, and C.J. Garratt Advantages of a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in LAMP2 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 24 2013 1051 1053
92. B.J. Maron, W.C. Roberts, M. Arad, T.S. Haas, P. Spirito, G.B. Wright, and et al. Clinical outcome and phenotypic expression in LAMP2 cardiomyopathy JAMA 301 2009 1253 1259
93. J. Gil, B. Funalot, A. Verschueren, V. Danel-Brunaud, W. Camu, N. Vandenberghe, and et al. Causes of death amongst French patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a prospective study Eur. J. Neurol. 15 2008 1245 1251
94. T. Shimizu, H. Hayashi, S. Kato, M. Hayashi, H. Tanabe, and M. Oda Circulatory collapse and sudden death in respirator-dependent amyotrophic lateral sclerosis J. Neurol. Sci. 124 1994 45 55
95. K. Ishikawa, M. Mimuro, and T. Tanaka Ventricular arrhythmia in X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy: a lesson from an autopsy case Intern. Med. 50 2011 459 462
96. K. Sakata, M. Shimizu, H. Ino, M. Yamaguchi, H. Terai, N. Fujino, and et al. High incidence of sudden cardiac death with conduction disturbances and atrial cardiomyopathy caused by a nonsense mutation in the STA gene Circulation 111 2005 3352 3358
97. P. Rakovec, J. Zidar, M. Sinkovec, I. Zupan, and A. Brecelj Cardiac involvement in Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy: role of a diagnostic pacemaker Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 18 1995 1721 1724
98. M.C. Fishbein, R.J. Siegel, C.E. Thompson, and L.C. Hopkins Sudden death of a carrier of X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy Ann. Intern. Med. 119 1993 900 905
99. M.F. Márquez, A. Totomoch-Serra, J.A. Burgoa, A. Méndez, J.R. Gómez-Flores, S. Nava, and et al. Abnormal electroencephalogram, epileptic seizures, structural congenital heart disease and aborted sudden cardiac death in Andersen-Tawil syndrome Int. J. Cardiol. 180 2015 206 209
100. Y. Kuramoto, Y. Furukawa, T. Yamada, Y. Okuyama, and M. Fukunami Andersen-Tawil syndrome associated with aborted sudden cardiac death: atrial pacing was effective for ventricular arrhythmias Am. J. Med. Sci. 344 2012 248 250
101. K.J. Airey, S.P. Etheridge, R. Tawil, and M. Tristani-Firouzi Resuscitated sudden cardiac death in Andersen-Tawil syndrome Heart Rhythm. 6 2009 1814 1817
102. S. Peters, E. Schulze-Bahr, S.P. Etheridge, and M. Tristani-Firouzi Sudden cardiac death in Andersen-Tawil syndrome Europace 9 2007 162 166
103. M. Efremidis, L.K. Pappas, A. Sideris, K.P. Letsas, G.D. Gavrielatos, and F. Kardaras Swimming-triggered aborted sudden cardiac death in a patient with Andersen-Tawil syndrome Int. J. Cardiol. 112 2006 e45 e47
104. A. Rajab, V. Straub, L.J. McCann, D. Seelow, R. Varon, R. Barresi, and et al. Fatal cardiac arrhythmia and long-QT syndrome in a new form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy with muscle rippling (CGL4) due to PTRF-CAVIN mutations PLoS Genet. 6 2010 e1000874 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000874
105. G. Gold-von Simson, M. Rutkowski, D. Berlin, and F.B. Axelrod Pacemakers in patients with familial dysautonomia - a review of experience with 20 patients Clin. Auton. Res. 15 2005 15 20
106. L. Marseglia, G. D'Angelo, S. Manti, V. Salpietro, T. Arrigo, V. Cavallari, and et al. Sudden cardiac arrest in a child with nemaline myopathy Ital. J. Pediatr. 41 2015 20 10.1186/s13052-015-0124-8
107. C. Meier, W. Voellmy, M. Gertsch, A. Zimmermann, and J. Geissbühler Nemaline myopathy appearing in adults as cardiomyopathy. A clinicopathologic study Arch. Neurol. 41 1984 443 445
108. T. Cullup, P.J. Lamont, S. Cirak, M.S. Damian, W. Wallefeld, R. Gooding, and et al. Mutations in MYH7 cause multi-minicore disease (MmD) with variable cardiac involvement Neuromuscul. Disord. 22 2012 1096 1104
109. L.B. Cronk, B. Ye, T. Kaku, D.J. Tester, M. Vatta, J.C. Makielski, and et al. Novel mechanism for sudden infant death syndrome: persistent late sodium current secondary to mutations in caveolin-3 Heart Rhythm. 4 2007 161 166
110. E. Hewer, A. Danek, B.G. Schoser, M. Miranda, R. Reichard, C. Castiglioni, and et al. McLeod myopathy revisited: more neurogenic and less benign Brain 130 2007 3285 3296
111. T. Kimpara, T. Imamura, T. Tsuda, K. Sato, and K. Tsuburaya Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles and sudden death - report of two siblings Rinsho Shinkeigaku 33 1993 886 890
112. C.G. Miller, G.A. Alleyne, and S.E. Brooks Gross cardiac involvement in glycogen storage disease type 3 Br. Heart J. 34 1972 862 864
113. S. Ueno, H. Fujimura, S. Yorifuji, Y. Nakamura, M. Takahashi, S. Tarui, and et al. Familial amyloid polyneuropathy associated with the transthyretin Cys114 gene in a Japanese kindred Brain 115 1992 1275 1289
114. J.M. Cameron, V. Levandovskiy, N. MacKay, R. Utgikar, C. Ackerley, D. Chiasson, and et al. Identification of a novel mutation in GYS1 (muscle-specific glycogen synthase) resulting in sudden cardiac death, that is diagnosable from skin fibroblasts Mol. Genet. Metab. 98 2009 378 382
115. M. Porcu, F. Muntoni, G. Catani, and D. Mereu Familial cardiac and skeletal myopathy associated with desmin accumulation Clin. Cardiol. 17 1994 277 279
116. T.G. Neilan, H. Farhad, T. Mayrhofer, R.V. Shah, J.A. Dodson, S.A. Abbasi, and et al. Late gadolinium enhancement among survivors of sudden cardiac arrest JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging 8 2015 414 423
117. C. Stöllberger, G. Blazek, C. Wegner, M. Winkler-Dworak, and J. Finsterer Neuromuscular and cardiac comorbidity determines survival in 140 patients with left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction Int. J. Cardiol. 150 2011 71 74