Polymerization-induced self-assembly of block copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT non-aqueous dispersion polymerization

Progress in Polymer Science

Volumn 52, Issue , 2016, Pages 1-18

  Derry, Matthew J ^a   Fielding, Lee A ^a,b   Armes, Steven P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Block copolymers; Dispersion polymerization; Nanoparticles; Non aqueous; Polymerization induced self assembly; RAFT

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; CONTRAST MEDIA; DISPERSIONS; EMULSIFICATION; EMULSION POLYMERIZATION; FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; IONIC LIQUIDS; NANOPARTICLES; SELF ASSEMBLY;

AQUEOUS DISPERSION POLYMERIZATION; BLOCK-COPOLYMER NANOPARTICLES; DISPERSION POLYMERIZATION; MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS; NON-AQUEOUS; NON-AQUEOUS DISPERSION; RAFT; REVERSIBLE ADDITION-FRAGMENTATION CHAIN TRANSFER POLYMERIZATION;

BLOCK COPOLYMERS;

EID: 84952628069     PISSN: 00796700     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.10.002     Document Type: Review

References (122)

1. S. Krause Dilute solution properties of styrene-methyl methacrylate block copolymer J Phys Chem 68 1964 1948 1955
2. L.F. Zhang, and A. Eisenberg Multiple morphologies of crew-cut aggregates of polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) block-copolymers Science 268 1995 1728 1731
3. D.E. Discher, and A. Eisenberg Polymer vesicles Science 297 2002 967 973
4. S. Jain, and F.S. Bates On the origins of morphological complexity in block copolymer surfactants Science 300 2003 460 464
5. J. Bang, S.M. Jain, Z.B. Li, T.P. Lodge, J.S. Pedersen, E. Kesselman, and Y. Talmon Sphere, cylinder, and vesicle nanoaggregates in poly(styrene-b-isoprene) diblock copolymer solutions Macromolecules 39 2006 1199 1208
6. J.N. Israelachvili, D.J. Mitchell, and B.W. Ninham Theory of self-assembly of hydrocarbon amphiphiles into micelles and bilayers J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 72 1976 1525 1568
7. M. Antonietti, and S. Förster Vesicles liposomes: a self-assembly principle beyond lipids Adv Mater 15 2003 1323 1333
8. N.J. Warren, and S.P. Armes Polymerization-induced self-assembly of block copolymer nano-objects via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization J Am Chem Soc 136 2014 10174 10185
9. A. Blanazs, S.P. Armes, and A.J. Ryan Self-assembled block copolymer aggregates: from micelles to vesicles and their biological applications Macromol Rapid Commun 30 2009 267 277
10. Z. Yang, S. Pickard, N.J. Deng, R.J. Barlow, D. Attwood, and C. Booth Effect of block structure on the micellization and gelation of aqueous solutions of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide Macromolecules 27 1994 2371 2379
11. 8: a study of phase behavior Macromolecules 30 1997 1347 1354
12. C. Booth, and D. Attwood Effects of block architecture and composition on the association properties of poly(oxyalkylene) copolymers in aqueous solution Macromol Rapid Commun 21 2000 501 527
13. S. Sugihara, A. Blanazs, S.P. Armes, A.J. Ryan, and A.L. Lewis Aqueous dispersion polymerization: a new paradigm for in situ block copolymer self-assembly in concentrated solution J Am Chem Soc 133 2011 15707 15713
14. J. Chiefari, Y.K. Chong, F. Ercole, J. Krstina, J. Jeffery, T.P.T. Le, R.T.A. Mayadunne, G.F. Meijs, C.L. Moad, G. Moad, E. Rizzardo, and S.H. Thang Living free-radical polymerization by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer: the RAFT process Macromolecules 31 1998 5559 5562
15. G. Moad, E. Rizzardo, and S.H. Thang Living radical polymerization by the RAFT process Aust J Chem 58 2005 379 410
16. V. Bütün, S.P. Armes, and N.C. Billingham Synthesis and aqueous solution properties of near-monodisperse tertiary amine methacrylate homopolymers and diblock copolymers Polymer 45 2001 5993 6008
17. J.R. Howse, R.A.L. Jones, G. Battaglia, R.E. Ducker, G.J. Legget, and A.J. Ryan Templated formation of giant polymer vesicles with controlled size distributions Nat Mater 8 2009 507 511
18. C.J. Ferguson, R.J. Hughes, B.T.T. Pham, B.S. Hawkett, R.G. Gilbert, A.K. Serelis, C.H. Such, and B.S. Hawkett Effective ab initio emulsion polymerization under RAFT control Macromolecules 35 2002 9243 9245
19. C.J. Ferguson, R.J. Hughes, D. Nguyen, B.T.T. Pham, R.G. Gilbert, A.K. Serelis, C.H. Such, and B.S. Hawkett Ab initio emulsion polymerization by RAFT-controlled self-assembly Macromolecules 38 2005 2191 2204
20. B. Charleux, G. Delaittre, J. Rieger, and F. D'Agosto Polymerization-induced self-assembly: from soluble macromolecules to block copolymer nano-objects in one step Macromolecules 45 2012 6753 6765
21. J. Rieger, F. Stoffelbach, C. Bui, D. Alaimo, C. Jerome, and B. Charleux Amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide) macromolecular RAFT agent as a stabilizer and control agent in ab initio batch emulsion polymerization Macromolecules 41 2008 4065 4068
22. C.L. Zhang, M. Miao, X.T. Cao, and Z.S. An One-pot RAFT synthesis of core cross-linked star polymers of polyPEGMA in water by sequential homogeneous and heterogeneous polymerizations Polym Chem 3 2012 2656 2664
23. V.J. Cunningham, A.M. Alswieleh, K.L. Thompson, M. Williams, G.J. Leggett, and S.P. Armes Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(benzyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT emulsion polymerization: synthesis, characterization, and interfacial activity Macromolecules 47 2014 5613 5623
24. Y. Ning, L.A. Fielding, T.S. Andrews, D.J. Growney, and S.P. Armes Sulfate-based anionic diblock copolymer nanoparticles for efficient occlusion within zinc oxide Nanoscale 7 2015 6691 6702
25. G. Zheng, and C.Y. Pan Reversible addition-fragmentation transfer polymerization in nanosized micelles formed in situ Macromolecules 39 2006 95 102
26. W. Ji, J. Yan, E. Chen, Z. Li, and D. Liang In situ and online monitoring polymerization-induced micellization Macromolecules 41 2008 4914 4919
27. M. Semsarilar, V. Ladmiral, A. Blanazs, and S.P. Armes Anionic polyelectrolyte-stabilized nanoparticles via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization Langmuir 28 2012 914 922
28. W.D. He, X.L. Sun, W.M. Wan, and C.Y. Pan Multiple morphologies of PAA-b-PSt assemblies throughout RAFT dispersion polymerization of styrene with PAA macro-CTA Macromolecules 44 2011 3358 3365
29. W. Cai, W. Wan, C. Hong, C. Huang, and C.Y. Pan Morphology transitions in RAFT polymerization Soft Matter 6 2010 5554 5561
30. W.M. Wan, X.L. Sun, and C.Y. Pan Morphology transition in RAFT polymerization for formation of vesicular morphologies in one pot Macromolecules 42 2009 4950 4952
31. Y. Pei, and A.B. Lowe Polymerization-induced self-assembly: ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-phenylethyl methacrylate Polym Chem 5 2014 2342 2351
32. Z. An, Q. Shi, W. Tang, C.K. Tsung, C.J. Hawker, and G.D. Stucky Facile RAFT precipitation polymerization for the microwave-assisted synthesis of well-defined, double hydrophilic block copolymers and nanostructured hydrogels J Am Chem Soc 129 2007 14493 14499
33. J. Rieger, C. Grazon, B. Charleux, D. Alaimo, and C. Jérôme Pegylated thermally responsive block copolymer micelles and nanogels via in situ RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 47 2009 2373 2390
34. Y. Li, and S.P. Armes RAFT synthesis of sterically stabilized methacrylic nanolatexes and vesicles by aqueous dispersion polymerization Angew Chem Int Ed 49 2010 4042 4046
35. A. Blanazs, J. Madsen, G. Battaglia, A.J. Ryan, and S.P. Armes Mechanistic insights for block copolymer morphologies: how do worms form vesicles? J Am Chem Soc 133 2011 16581 16587
36. C.A. Figg, A. Simula, K.A. Gebre, B.S. Tucker, D.M. Haddleton, and B.S. Sumerlin Polymerization-induced thermal self-assembly (PITSA) Chem Sci 6 2015 1230 1236
37. G. Liu, Q. Qiu, W. Shen, and Z. An Aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate for the synthesis of biocompatible nanoparticles using a hydrophilic RAFT polymer and a redox initiator Macromolecules 44 2011 5237 5245
38. H. De Brouwer, M.A.J. Schellekens, B. Klumperman, M.J. Monteiro, and A.L. German Controlled radical copolymerization of styrene and maleic anhydride and the synthesis of novel polyolefin-based block copolymers by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38 2000 3596 3603
39. J. Liu, H. Duong, M.R. Whittaker, T.P. Davis, and C. Boyer Synthesis of functional fore, star polymers via RAFT polymerization for drug delivery applications Macromol Rapid Commun 33 2012 760 766
40. A. Blanazs, R. Verber, O.O. Mykhaylyk, A.J. Ryan, J.Z. Heath, C.W.I. Douglas, and S.P. Armes Sterilizable gels from thermoresponsive block copolymer worms J Am Chem Soc 134 2012 9741 9748
41. K.L. Thompson, C.J. Mable, A. Cockram, N.J. Warren, V.J. Cunningham, E.R. Jones, R. Verber, and S.P. Armes Are block copolymer worms more effective Pickering emulsifiers than block copolymer spheres? Soft Matter 10 2014 8615 8626
42. X.W. Zhang, J. Rieger, and B. Charleux Effect of the solvent composition on the morphology of nano-objects synthesized via RAFT polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in dispersed systems Polym Chem 3 2012 1502 1509
43. X.H. Wang, J.X. Xu, Y.Y. Zhang, and W.Q. Zhang Polymerization of styrene in alcohol/water mediated by a macro-RAFT agent of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) trithiocarbonate: from homogeneous to heterogeneous RAFT polymerization J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 50 2012 2452 2462
44. X.W. Zhang, S. Boisse, C. Bui, P.A. Albouy, A. Brulet, M.H. Li, J. Rieger, and B. Charleux Amphiphilic liquid-crystal block copolymer nanofibers via RAFT-mediated dispersion polymerization Soft Matter 8 2012 1130 1141
45. X. Xiao, S. He, M. Dan, Y. Su, F. Huo, and W. Zhang Brush macro-RAFT agent mediated dispersion polymerization of styrene in the alcohol/water mixture J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 51 2013 3177 3190
46. Q. Li, F. Huo, Y. Cui, C. Gao, S. Li, and W. Zhang Doubly thermoresponsive brush-linear-linear ABC triblock copolymer nanoparticles prepared through dispersion RAFT polymerization J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 52 2014 2266 2278
47. F. Huo, S.T. Li, X. He, S.A. Shah, Q.L. Li, and W.Q. Zhang Disassembly of block copolymer vesicles into nanospheres through vesicle mediated RAFT polymerization Macromolecules 47 2014 8262 8269
48. F. Huo, X.H. Wang, Y.Y. Zhang, X. Zhang, J.X. Xu, and W.Q. Zhang RAFT dispersion polymerization of styrene in water/alcohol: the solvent effect on polymer particle growth during polymer chain propagation Macromol Chem Phys 214 2013 902 911
49. F. Huo, S.T. Li, Q.L. Li, Y.Q. Qu, and W.Q. Zhang In-situ synthesis of multicompartment nanoparticles of linear BAC triblock terpolymer by seeded RAFT polymerization Macromolecules 47 2014 2340 2349
50. X. He, Y. Qu, C. Gao, and W. Zhang Synthesis of multicompartment nanoparticles of a triblock terpolymer by seeded RAFT polymerization Polym Chem 6 2015 6386 6393
51. Z. Song, X. He, C. Gao, H. Khan, P. Shi, and W. Zhang Asymmetrical vesicles: convenient in situ RAFT synthesis and controllable structure determination Polym Chem 6 2015 6563 6572
52. W.M. Wan, C.Y. Hong, and C.Y. Pan One-pot synthesis of nanomaterials via RAFT polymerization induced self-assembly and morphology transition Chem Commun 2009 5883 5885
53. W.M. Wan, and C.Y. Pan Formation of polymeric yolk/shell nanomaterial by polymerization-induced self-assembly and reorganization Macromolecules 43 2010 2672 2675
54. W.M. Wan, and C.Y. Pan One-pot synthesis of polymeric nanomaterials via RAFT dispersion polymerization induced self-assembly and re-organization Polym Chem 1 2010 1475 1484
55. W.M. Wan, X.L. Sun, and C.Y. Pan Formation of vesicular morphologies via polymerization induced self-assembly and re-organization Macromol Rapid Commun 31 2010 399 404
56. J.T. Sun, C.Y. Hong, and C.Y. Pan Recent advances in RAFT dispersion polymerization for preparation of block copolymer aggregates Polym Chem 4 2013 873 881
57. W.J. Zhang, C.Y. Hong, and C.Y. Pan Fabrication of spaced concentric vesicles and polymerizations in RAFT dispersion polymerization Macromolecules 47 2014 1664 1671
58. M.J. Monteiro, and M.F. Cunningham Polymer nanoparticles via living radical polymerization in aqueous dispersions: design and applications Macromolecules 45 2012 4939 4957
59. C.Q. Huang, Y. Wang, C.Y. Hong, and C.Y. Pan Spiropyran-based polymeric vesicles: preparation and photochromic properties Macromol Rapid Commun 32 2011 1174 1179
60. Q.L. Li, C.Q. Gao, S.T. Li, F. Huo, and W.Q. Zhang Doubly thermo-responsive ABC triblock copolymer nanoparticles prepared through dispersion RAFT polymerization Polym Chem 5 2014 2961 2972
61. 2 Polym Chem 6 2015 2249 2254
62. C.Q. Huang, and C.Y. Pan Direct preparation of vesicles from one-pot RAFT dispersion polymerization Polymer 51 2010 5115 5121
63. W.J. Zhang, C.Y. Hong, and C.Y. Pan Formation of hexagonally packed hollow hoops and morphology transition in RAFT ethanol dispersion polymerization Macromol Rapid Commun 36 2015 1428 1436
64. P.C. Yang, L.P.D. Ratcliffe, and S.P. Armes Efficient synthesis of poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(styrene-alt-N-phenylmaleimide) diblock copolymer lamellae using RAFT dispersion polymerization Macromolecules 46 2013 8545 8556
65. W.J. Zhang, F. D'Agosto, O. Boyron, J. Rieger, and B. Charleux Toward better understanding of the parameters that lead to the formation of nonspherical polystyrene particles via RAFT-mediated one-pot aqueous emulsion polymerization Macromolecules 45 2012 4075 4084
66. X. Zhang, S. Boisse, W. Zhang, P. Beaunier, F. D'Agosto, J. Rieger, and B. Charleux Well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers and nano-objects formed in situ via RAFT-mediated aqueous emulsion polymerization Macromolecules 44 2011 4149 4158
67. P. Shi, H. Zhou, C. Gao, S. Wang, P. Sun, and W. Zhang Macro-RAFT agent mediated dispersion copolymerization: a small amount of solvophilic co-monomer leads to a great change Polym Chem 6 2015 4911 4920
68. M. Semsarilar, E.R. Jones, A. Blanazs, and S.P. Armes Efficient synthesis of sterically stabilized nano-objects via RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in alcoholic media Adv Mater 24 2012 3378 3382
69. E.R. Jones, M. Semsarilar, A. Blanazs, and S.P. Armes Efficient synthesis of amine-functional diblock copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in alcoholic media Macromolecules 45 2012 5091 5098
70. D. Zehm, L.P.D. Ratcliffe, and S.P. Armes Synthesis of diblock copolymer nanoparticles via RAFT alcoholic dispersion polymerization: effect of block copolymer composition, molecular weight, copolymer concentration, and solvent type on the final particle morphology Macromolecules 46 2013 128 139
71. M. Semsarilar, V. Ladmiral, A. Blanazs, and S.P. Armes Poly(methacrylic acid)-based AB and ABC block copolymer nano-objects prepared via RAFT alcoholic dispersion polymerization Polym Chem 5 2014 3466 3475
72. C. Gonzato, M. Semsarilar, E.R. Jones, F. Li, G.J.P. Krooshof, P. Wyman, O.O. Mykhaylyk, R. Tuinier, and S.P. Armes Rational synthesis of low-polydispersity block copolymer vesicles in concentrated solution via polymerization-induced self-assembly J Am Chem Soc 136 2014 11100 11106
73. M. Semsarilar, V. Ladmiral, A. Blanazs, and S.P. Armes Cationic polyelectrolyte-stabilized nanoparticles via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization Langmuir 29 2013 7416 7424
74. Y.Y. Kim, A.N. Kulak, Y.T. Li, T. Batten, M. Kuball, S.P. Armes, and F.C. Meldrum Substrate-directed formation of calcium carbonate fibres J Mater Chem 19 2009 387 398
75. Y.Y. Kim, K. Ganesan, P.C. Yang, A.N. Kulak, S. Borukhin, S. Pechook, L. Ribeiro, R. Kroger, S.J. Eichhorn, S.P. Amres, B. Pokroy, and F.C. Meldrum An artificial biomineral formed by incorporation of copolymer micelles in calcite crystals Nat Mater 10 2011 890 896
76. R.P. Brinkhuis, F. Rutjes, and J.C.M. van Hest Polymeric vesicles in biomedical applications Polym Chem 2 2011 1449 1462
77. A.K. Brannan, and F.S. Bates ABCA tetrablock copolymer vesicles Macromolecules 37 2004 8816 8819
78. D.E. Discher, V. Ortiz, G. Srinivas, M.L. Klein, Y. Kim, D. Christian, S. Cai, P. Photos, and F. Ahmed Emerging applications of polymersomes in delivery: from molecular dynamics to shrinkage of tumors Prog Polym Sci 32 2007 838 857
79. J.F. Le Meins, O. Sandre, and S. Lecommandoux Recent trends in the tuning of polymersomes' membrane properties Eur Phys J E 34 2011 1 17
80. M. Semsarilar, E.R. Jones, and S.P. Armes Comparison of pseudo-living character of RAFT polymerizations conducted under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions Polym Chem 5 2014 195 203
81. J.A. Massey, K. Temple, L. Cao, Y. Rharbi, J. Raez, M.A. Winnik, and I. Manners Self-assembly of organometallic block copolymers: the role of crystallinity of the core-forming polyferrocene block in the micellar morphologies formed by poly(ferrocenylsilane-b-dimethylsiloxane) in n-alkane solvents J Am Chem Soc 122 2000 11577 11584
82. L. Cao, I. Manners, and M.A. Winnik Influence of the interplay of crystallization and chain stretching on micellar morphologies: solution self-assembly of coil-crystalline poly(isoprene-block-ferrocenylsilane) Macromolecules 35 2002 8258 8260
83. T. Gaedt, N.S. Ieong, G. Cambridge, M.A. Winnik, and I. Manners Complex and hierarchical micelle architectures from diblock copolymers using living, crystallization-driven polymerizations Nat Mater 8 2009 144 150
84. J.B. Gilroy, T. Gadt, G.R. Whittell, L. Chabanne, J.M. Mitchels, R.M. Richardson, M.A. Winnik, and I. Manners Monodisperse cylindrical micelles by crystallization-driven living self-assembly Nat Chem 2 2010 566 570
85. S.K. Patra, R. Ahmed, G.R. Whittell, D.J. Lunn, E.L. Dunphy, M.A. Winnik, and I. Manners Cylindrical micelles of controlled length with a pi-conjugated polythiophene core via crystallization-driven self-assembly J Am Chem Soc 133 2011 8842 8845
86. P.A. Rupar, L. Chabanne, M.A. Winnik, and I. Manners Non-centrosymmetric cylindrical micelles by unidirectional growth Science 337 2012 559 562
87. M. Semsarilar, N.J.W. Penfold, E.R. Jones, and S.P. Armes Semi-crystalline diblock copolymer nano-objects prepared via RAFT alcoholic dispersion polymerization of stearyl methacrylate Polym Chem 6 2015 1751 1757
88. Y.W. Pei, N.C. Dharsana, J.A. Van Hensbergen, R.P. Burford, P.J. Roth, and A.B. Lowe RAFT dispersion polymerization of 3-phenylpropyl methacrylate with poly 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate macro-CTAs in ethanol and associated thermoreversible polymorphism Soft Matter 10 2014 5787 5796
89. Y.W. Pei, J.M. Noy, P.J. Roth, A.B. Lowe, and Thiol-reactive Passerini-methacrylates and polymorphic surface functional soft matter nanoparticles via ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization and post-synthesis modification Polym Chem 6 2015 1928 1931
90. Y. Pei, N.C. Dharsana, and A.B. Lowe Ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)ethyl methacrylate and 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate with poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-chain transfer agents Aust J Chem 68 2015 939 945
91. R.H. Pelton, and P. Chibante Preparation of aqueous lattices with N-isopropylacrylamide Colloids Surf 20 1986 247 256
92. A.R. Shultz, and P.J. Flory Phase equilibria in polymer-solvent systems J Am Chem Soc 74 1952 4760 4767
93. L. Houillot, C. Bui, M. Save, B. Charleux, C. Farcet, C. Moire, J.A. Raust, and I. Rodriguez Synthesis of well-defined polyacrylate particle dispersions in organic medium using simultaneous RAFT polymerization and self-assembly of block copolymers. A strong influence of the selected thiocarbonylthio chain transfer agent Macromolecules 40 2007 6500 6509
94. L. Houillot, C. Bui, C. Farcet, C. Moire, J.A. Raust, H. Pasch, M. Save, and B. Charleux Dispersion polymerization of methyl acrylate in nonpolar solvent stabilized by block copolymers formed in situ via the RAFT process ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2 2010 434 442
95. J.A. Raust, L. Houillot, M. Save, B. Charleux, C. Moire, C. Farcet, and H. Pasch Two dimensional chromatographic characterization of block copolymers of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl acrylate P2EHA-b-PMA, produced via RAFT-mediated polymerization in organic dispersion Macromolecules 43 2010 8755 8765
96. L.A. Fielding, M.J. Derry, V. Ladmiral, J. Rosselgong, A.M. Rodrigues, L.P.D. Ratcliffe, S. Sugihara, and S.P. Armes RAFT dispersion polymerization in non-polar solvents: facile production of block copolymer spheres, worms and vesicles in n-alkanes Chem Sci 4 2013 2081 2087
97. L.A. Fielding, J.A. Lane, M.J. Derry, O.O. Mykhaylyk, and S.P. Armes Thermo-responsive diblock copolymer worm gels in non-polar solvents J Am Chem Soc 136 2014 5790 5798
98. Y. Pei, L. Thurairajah, O.R. Sugita, and A.B. Lowe RAFT dispersion polymerization in nonpolar media: polymerization of 3-phenylpropyl methacrylate in n-tetradecane with poly(stearyl methacrylate) homopolymers as macro chain transfer agents Macromolecules 48 2015 236 244
99. Y. Pei, O.R. Sugita, L. Thurairajah, and A.B. Lowe Synthesis of poly(stearyl methacrylate-b-3-phenylpropyl methacrylate) nanoparticles in n-octane and associated thermoreversible polymorphism RSC Adv 5 2015 17636 17646
100. Y. Pei, J.M. Noy, P.J. Roth, and A.B. Lowe Soft matter nanoparticles with reactive coronal pentafluorophenyl methacrylate residues via non-polar RAFT dispersion polymerization and polymerization-induced self-assembly J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 53 2015 2326 2335
101. R. Zheng, G. Liu, M. Devlin, K. Hux, and T.C. Jao Friction reduction of lubricant base oil by micelles and crosslinked micelles of block copolymers Tribol Trans 53 2010 97 107
102. M.J. Derry, L.A. Fielding, and S.P. Armes Industrially-relevant polymerization-induced self-assembly formulations in non-polar solvents: RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate Polym Chem 6 2015 3054 3062
103. Armes SP, Fielding LA, Derry MJ. Block copolymer synthesis. WO2014049363, 2013
104. A.P. Lopez-Oliva, N.J. Warren, A. Rajkumar, O.O. Mykhaylyk, M.J. Derry, K.E.B. Doncom, M.J. Rymaruk, and S.P. Armes Polydimethylsiloxane-based diblock copolymer nano-objects prepared in nonpolar media via RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly Macromolecules 48 2015 3547 3555
105. 2 polymerisation in the presence of a RAFT agent Chem Commun 2007 3933 3935
106. A.M. Gregory, K.J. Thurecht, and S.M. Howdle Controlled dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate in supercritical carbon dioxide via RAFT Macromolecules 41 2008 1215 1222
107. 2 Macromolecules 40 2007 2965 2967
108. 2 using macro-RAFT agents Chem Commun 2008 5942 5944
109. 2 using polyvinylalkylate hydrocarbon surfactants synthesized and anchored via RAFT J Am Chem Soc 130 2008 12242 12243
110. 2-soluble vinyl pivalate hydrocarbon stabilisers via RAFT polymerisation Polym Chem 2 2011 1293 1299
111. 2-solubility and stabilising ability in dispersion polymerisation of N-vinyl pyrrolidone Polym Chem 4 2013 3791 3799
112. J. Jennings, M. Beija, A.P. Richez, S.D. Cooper, P.E. Mignot, K.J. Thurecht, K.S. Jack, and S.M. Howdle One-pot synthesis of block copolymers in supercritical carbon dioxide: a simple versatile route to nanostructured microparticles J Am Chem Soc 134 2012 4772 4781
113. J. Jennings, M. Beija, J.T. Kennon, H. Willcock, R.K. O'Reilly, S. Rimmer, and S.M. Howdle Advantages of block copolymer synthesis by RAFT-controlled dispersion polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide Macromolecules 46 2013 6843 6851
114. Q. Zhang, and S. Zhu Ionic liquids: versatile media for preparation of vesicles from polymerization-induced self-assembly ACS Macro Lett 4 2015 755 758
115. B.P. Binks, and S.O. Lumsdon Pickering emulsions stabilized by monodisperse latex particles: effects of particle size Langmuir 17 2001 4540 4547
116. A.J. Morse, D. Dupin, K.L. Thompson, S.P. Armes, K. Ouzineb, P. Mills, and R. Swart Novel Pickering emulsifiers based on pH-responsive poly(tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate) latexes Langmuir 28 2012 11742 11753
117. Binks BP, Elliott RP, Fletcher PDI, Johnson AJ, Thompson MA. Non-aqueous solid stabilized emulsions. WO2014130763A1, 2014
118. K.L. Thompson, M. Williams, S.P. Armes, and Colloidosomes: Synthesis, properties and applications J Colloid Interface Sci 447 2015 217 228
119. K.L. Thompson, P. Chambon, R. Verber, and S.P. Armes Can polymersomes form colloidosomes? J Am Chem Soc 134 2012 12450 12453
120. K.L. Thompson, L.A. Fielding, O.O. Mykhaylyk, J.A. Lane, M.J. Derry, and S.P. Armes Vermicious thermo-responsive Pickering emulsifiers Chem Sci 6 2015 4207 4214
121. K.L. Thompson, C.J. Mable, J.A. Lane, M.J. Derry, L.A. Fielding, and S.P. Armes Preparation of Pickering double emulsions using block copolymer worms Langmuir 31 2015 4137 4144
122. K.L. Thompson, J.A. Lane, M.J. Derry, and S.P. Armes Non-aqueous isorefractive Pickering emulsions Langmuir 31 2015 4373 4376