메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 218-219, Issue , 2016, Pages 184-195

DRY and BULK atmospheric nitrogen deposition to a West-African humid forest exposed to terrestrial and oceanic sources

Author keywords

Aerosols; Africa; DELTA; Inferential model; Nr dry depositions; Tropical forest

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC GAS; DRY DEPOSITION; DRY SEASON; HUMID ENVIRONMENT; IONIC COMPOSITION; NITROGEN CYCLE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM; TROPICAL FOREST; WIND DIRECTION;

EID: 84951304843     PISSN: 01681923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.12.026     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 77955507325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term measurements of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in Africa using passive samplers, Atmos
    • Adon M., Galy-Lacaux C., Yoboué V., et al. Long term measurements of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in Africa using passive samplers, Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10:7467-7487.
    • (2010) Chem. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 7467-7487
    • Adon, M.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Yoboué, V.3
  • 2
    • 84888320154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3), sulphur dioxide and ozone in west and central African ecosystems using the inferential method
    • 3), sulphur dioxide and ozone in west and central African ecosystems using the inferential method. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13:11351-11374.
    • (2013) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.13 , pp. 11351-11374
    • Adon, M.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Delon, C.3
  • 4
    • 77952429398 scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Scientific Services Division, Soil and Land-use Survey branch, Kumasi
    • Ahn P.M. Soils of the Lower Tano Basin, South-Western Ghana 1961, 266. Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Scientific Services Division, Soil and Land-use Survey branch, Kumasi.
    • (1961) Soils of the Lower Tano Basin, South-Western Ghana , pp. 266
    • Ahn, P.M.1
  • 5
    • 0035693625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
    • Andreae M., Merlet P. Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2001, 15:955-966.
    • (2001) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.15 , pp. 955-966
    • Andreae, M.1    Merlet, P.2
  • 6
    • 0025679569 scopus 로고
    • Emission of nitric oxide (NO) from tropical forest soils and exchange of NO between the forest canopy and atmospheric boundary layers
    • Bakwin P.S., Wofsy S.C., Fan S.M., et al. Emission of nitric oxide (NO) from tropical forest soils and exchange of NO between the forest canopy and atmospheric boundary layers. J. Geophys. Res. 1990, 95:16755-16764.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 16755-16764
    • Bakwin, P.S.1    Wofsy, S.C.2    Fan, S.M.3
  • 7
    • 0025585552 scopus 로고
    • y) within and above a tropical forest canopy in the wet season
    • y) within and above a tropical forest canopy in the wet season. J. Geophys. Res. 1990, 95:16765-16772.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 16765-16772
    • Bakwin, P.S.1    Wofsy, S.C.2    Fan, S.M.3
  • 8
    • 34547587955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical loads and resent deposition thresholds of nitrogen and acidity and their exceedances at the level II and level I monitoring plots in Europe
    • Petten, The Netherlands
    • Bleeker A., Reinds G.J., Vermeulen A.T., et al. Critical loads and resent deposition thresholds of nitrogen and acidity and their exceedances at the level II and level I monitoring plots in Europe. ECN Report ECN-C-04-117 December 2004, Petten, The Netherlands.
    • (2004) ECN Report ECN-C-04-117
    • Bleeker, A.1    Reinds, G.J.2    Vermeulen, A.T.3
  • 9
    • 0031430425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia
    • Bouwman A.F., Lee D.S., Asman W.A.H., et al. A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1997, 11:561-587.
    • (1997) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.11 , pp. 561-587
    • Bouwman, A.F.1    Lee, D.S.2    Asman, W.A.H.3
  • 10
    • 84882574001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluxes of total reactive atmospheric nitrogen (σNr) using eddy covariance above arable land
    • Brümmer C., Marx O., Kutsch W., et al. Fluxes of total reactive atmospheric nitrogen (σNr) using eddy covariance above arable land. Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. 2013, 65. 10.3402/tellusb.v65i0.19770.
    • (2013) Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. , vol.65
    • Brümmer, C.1    Marx, O.2    Kutsch, W.3
  • 12
    • 77957744758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution and future of Earth's nitrogen cycle
    • Canfield D.E., Glazer A.N., Falkowski P.G. The evolution and future of Earth's nitrogen cycle. Science 2010, 330:192-196.
    • (2010) Science , vol.330 , pp. 192-196
    • Canfield, D.E.1    Glazer, A.N.2    Falkowski, P.G.3
  • 14
    • 77954167071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen deposition in tropical forests from savanna and deforestation fires
    • Chen Y., Randerson J.T., van der Werf G.R., et al. Nitrogen deposition in tropical forests from savanna and deforestation fires. Global Change Biol. 2010, 16:2024-2038.
    • (2010) Global Change Biol. , vol.16 , pp. 2024-2038
    • Chen, Y.1    Randerson, J.T.2    van der Werf, G.R.3
  • 15
    • 84880522618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimated losses of plant biodiversity in the United States from historical N deposition (1985-2010)
    • Clark C.M., Morefield P.E., Gilliam F.S., et al. Estimated losses of plant biodiversity in the United States from historical N deposition (1985-2010). Ecology 2013, 94:1441-1448.
    • (2013) Ecology , vol.94 , pp. 1441-1448
    • Clark, C.M.1    Morefield, P.E.2    Gilliam, F.S.3
  • 16
    • 0028163027 scopus 로고
    • The fate of nutrients during fires in a tropical savanna
    • Cook G.D. The fate of nutrients during fires in a tropical savanna. Aust. J. Ecol. 1994, 19(4):359-365.
    • (1994) Aust. J. Ecol. , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 359-365
    • Cook, G.D.1
  • 17
    • 0025626194 scopus 로고
    • Biomass burning in the tropics-impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles
    • Crutzen P.J., Andreae M.O. Biomass burning in the tropics-impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Science 1990, 250:1669-1678.
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 1669-1678
    • Crutzen, P.J.1    Andreae, M.O.2
  • 18
    • 11144260079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical considerations for addressing uncertainties in monitoring bulk deposition
    • Dämmgen U., Erisman J.W., Cape J.N., Grünhage L., Fowler D. Practical considerations for addressing uncertainties in monitoring bulk deposition. Environ. Pollut. 2005, 134(3):535-548.
    • (2005) Environ. Pollut. , vol.134 , Issue.3 , pp. 535-548
    • Dämmgen, U.1    Erisman, J.W.2    Cape, J.N.3    Grünhage, L.4    Fowler, D.5
  • 20
    • 0031391364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils
    • Davidson E.A., Kingerlee W. A global inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils. Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst. 1997, 48:37-50.
    • (1997) Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst. , vol.48 , pp. 37-50
    • Davidson, E.A.1    Kingerlee, W.2
  • 22
    • 0028670042 scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional model of the global ammonia cycle
    • Dentener F.J., Crutzen P.J. A three-dimensional model of the global ammonia cycle. J. Atmos. Chem. 1994, 19:331-369.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.19 , pp. 331-369
    • Dentener, F.J.1    Crutzen, P.J.2
  • 23
    • 33744899185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and sulfur deposition on regional and global scales: a multimodel evaluation
    • Dentener F., Drevet J., Lamarque J.F., et al. Nitrogen and sulfur deposition on regional and global scales: a multimodel evaluation. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2006, 20. 10.1029/2005gb002672.
    • (2006) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.20
    • Dentener, F.1    Drevet, J.2    Lamarque, J.F.3
  • 24
    • 58849093119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting dissolved inorganic nitrogen leaching in European forests using two independent databases
    • Dise N.B., Rothwella J.J., Gaucib V., van der Salmc C., de Vriesc W. Predicting dissolved inorganic nitrogen leaching in European forests using two independent databases. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407:1798-1808. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.003.
    • (2009) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.407 , pp. 1798-1808
    • Dise, N.B.1    Rothwella, J.J.2    Gaucib, V.3    van der Salmc, C.4    de Vriesc, W.5
  • 25
    • 0028501518 scopus 로고
    • Parametrization of surface resistance for the quantification of atmospheric depositionof acidifying pollutants and ozone
    • Erisman J.W., van Pul A., Wyers P. Parametrization of surface resistance for the quantification of atmospheric depositionof acidifying pollutants and ozone. Atmos. Environ. 1994, 28:2595-2607.
    • (1994) Atmos. Environ. , vol.28 , pp. 2595-2607
    • Erisman, J.W.1    van Pul, A.2    Wyers, P.3
  • 27
    • 0027041542 scopus 로고
    • Emissions of volatile organic compounds from vegetation and the implications for atmospheric chemistry
    • Fehsenfeld F.J., Calvert J., Fall R., Goldan P., Guenther A.B., et al. Emissions of volatile organic compounds from vegetation and the implications for atmospheric chemistry. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1992, 6:389-430.
    • (1992) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.6 , pp. 389-430
    • Fehsenfeld, F.J.1    Calvert, J.2    Fall, R.3    Goldan, P.4    Guenther, A.B.5
  • 28
    • 84890079979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in understanding, models and parameterisations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange
    • Flechard C.R., Massad R.-S., Loubet B., Personne E., Simpson D., et al. Advances in understanding, models and parameterisations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange. Biogeosciences 2013, 10:5183-5225.
    • (2013) Biogeosciences , vol.10 , pp. 5183-5225
    • Flechard, C.R.1    Massad, R.-S.2    Loubet, B.3    Personne, E.4    Simpson, D.5
  • 29
    • 79953047933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dry deposition of reactive nitrogen to European ecosystems: a comparison of inferential models across the NitroEurope network
    • Flechard C.R., Nemitz E., Smith R.I., Fowler D., Vermeulen A.T., et al. Dry deposition of reactive nitrogen to European ecosystems: a comparison of inferential models across the NitroEurope network. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11:2703-2728.
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.11 , pp. 2703-2728
    • Flechard, C.R.1    Nemitz, E.2    Smith, R.I.3    Fowler, D.4    Vermeulen, A.T.5
  • 30
    • 84905283079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a consistent eddy-covariance processing: an intercomparison of EddyPro and TK3
    • Fratini G., Mauder M. Towards a consistent eddy-covariance processing: an intercomparison of EddyPro and TK3. Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 2014, 7:2107-2126.
    • (2014) Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. , vol.7 , pp. 2107-2126
    • Fratini, G.1    Mauder, M.2
  • 31
    • 0035131471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in micrometeorological methods for the measurement and interpretation of gas and particles nitrogen fluxes
    • Fowler D., Coyle M., Flechard C., Hargreaves K., Storeton-West R., et al. Advances in micrometeorological methods for the measurement and interpretation of gas and particles nitrogen fluxes. Plant Soil 2001, 228:117-129.
    • (2001) Plant Soil , vol.228 , pp. 117-129
    • Fowler, D.1    Coyle, M.2    Flechard, C.3    Hargreaves, K.4    Storeton-West, R.5
  • 32
    • 84919752689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen emission and deposition budget in West and Central Africa
    • Galy-Lacaux C., Delon C. Nitrogen emission and deposition budget in West and Central Africa. Environ. Res. Lett. 2014, 9:125002. 10.1088/1748-9326/9/12/125002.
    • (2014) Environ. Res. Lett. , vol.9 , pp. 125002
    • Galy-Lacaux, C.1    Delon, C.2
  • 33
    • 38349190507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle
    • Gruber N., Galloway J.N. An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle. Nature 2008, 451:293-296.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 293-296
    • Gruber, N.1    Galloway, J.N.2
  • 36
    • 0002347241 scopus 로고
    • Ecological profiles of the forest trees of Ghana
    • Oxford Forestry Institute Publisher
    • Hawthorne W.D. Ecological profiles of the forest trees of Ghana. Tropical Forests Papers No. 26 1995, 385. Oxford Forestry Institute Publisher.
    • (1995) Tropical Forests Papers No. 26 , pp. 385
    • Hawthorne, W.D.1
  • 37
    • 70849090676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-comparison of ammonia fluxes obtained using the Relaxed Eddy Accumulation technique
    • Hensen A., Nemitz E., Flynn M.J., Blatter A., Jones S.K., et al. Inter-comparison of ammonia fluxes obtained using the Relaxed Eddy Accumulation technique. Biogeosciences 2009, 6:2575-2588. 10.5194/bg-6-2575-2009.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , pp. 2575-2588
    • Hensen, A.1    Nemitz, E.2    Flynn, M.J.3    Blatter, A.4    Jones, S.K.5
  • 39
    • 0000561742 scopus 로고
    • The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field
    • Jarvis P.G. The interpretation of the variations in leaf water potential and stomatal conductance found in canopies in the field. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 1976, B273:593-610.
    • (1976) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.B273 , pp. 593-610
    • Jarvis, P.G.1
  • 40
    • 0023778387 scopus 로고
    • Emissions of NO in tropical savanna and a cloud forest during the dry season
    • Johansson C., Rodhe H., Sanhueza E. Emissions of NO in tropical savanna and a cloud forest during the dry season. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 1988, 93:7180-7192.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.93 , pp. 7180-7192
    • Johansson, C.1    Rodhe, H.2    Sanhueza, E.3
  • 41
    • 45449118309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field observations of the ocean-atmosphere exchange of ammonia: fundamental importance of temperature as revealed by a comparison of high and low latitudes
    • Johnson M.T., Liss P.S., Bell T.G., et al. Field observations of the ocean-atmosphere exchange of ammonia: fundamental importance of temperature as revealed by a comparison of high and low latitudes. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2008, 22:GB1019. 10.1029/2007GB003039.
    • (2008) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.22 , pp. GB1019
    • Johnson, M.T.1    Liss, P.S.2    Bell, T.G.3
  • 42
    • 84876821268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micrometeorological technique for estimation of nitrate dry deposition over forest in tropical climatology
    • Khoomsab K., Khummongkol P. Micrometeorological technique for estimation of nitrate dry deposition over forest in tropical climatology. Adv. Sci. Lett. 2013, 19:2815-2817.
    • (2013) Adv. Sci. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 2815-2817
    • Khoomsab, K.1    Khummongkol, P.2
  • 43
    • 84876232180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeochemistry: nitrogen deposition and forest carbon
    • Law B. Biogeochemistry: nitrogen deposition and forest carbon. Nature New & Views 2013, 496:307-308.
    • (2013) Nature New & Views , vol.496 , pp. 307-308
    • Law, B.1
  • 44
    • 67349239961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMMA-CATCH studies in the Sahelian region of West-Africa: an overview
    • Lebel T., Cappelaere B., Galle S., Hanan N., Kergoat L., Levis S., et al. AMMA-CATCH studies in the Sahelian region of West-Africa: an overview. J. Hydrol. 2009, 375(1):3-13.
    • (2009) J. Hydrol. , vol.375 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-13
    • Lebel, T.1    Cappelaere, B.2    Galle, S.3    Hanan, N.4    Kergoat, L.5    Levis, S.6
  • 45
    • 77956958283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review and parameterisation of bi-directional ammonia exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere
    • Massad R.S., Nemitz E., Sutton M.A. Review and parameterisation of bi-directional ammonia exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10:10359-10386. 10.5194/acp-10-10359-2010.
    • (2010) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 10359-10386
    • Massad, R.S.1    Nemitz, E.2    Sutton, M.A.3
  • 46
    • 0032794895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The globalization of N deposition: ecosystem consequences in tropical environments
    • Matson P.A., McDowell W.H., Townsend A.R., Vitousek P.M. The globalization of N deposition: ecosystem consequences in tropical environments. Biogeochemistry 1999, 46:67-83.
    • (1999) Biogeochemistry , vol.46 , pp. 67-83
    • Matson, P.A.1    McDowell, W.H.2    Townsend, A.R.3    Vitousek, P.M.4
  • 47
    • 33846025085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of post-field data processing on eddy covariance flux estimates and energy balance closure
    • Mauder M., Foken T. Impact of post-field data processing on eddy covariance flux estimates and energy balance closure. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 2006, 15:597-609.
    • (2006) Meteorologische Zeitschrift , vol.15 , pp. 597-609
    • Mauder, M.1    Foken, T.2
  • 48
    • 0032552679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multilayer model for inferring dry deposition using stan- dard meteorological measurements
    • Meyers T.P., Finkelstein P.L., Clarke J., Ellestad T.G., Sims P. A multilayer model for inferring dry deposition using stan- dard meteorological measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103(22):645-661.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , Issue.22 , pp. 645-661
    • Meyers, T.P.1    Finkelstein, P.L.2    Clarke, J.3    Ellestad, T.G.4    Sims, P.5
  • 49
    • 33646079405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluxes of ammonia and sulfate over maize using relaxed eddy accummulation
    • Meyers T.P., Luke W.T., Meisinger J.J. Fluxes of ammonia and sulfate over maize using relaxed eddy accummulation. Agric. For. Meteorol. 2006, 136:203-213.
    • (2006) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.136 , pp. 203-213
    • Meyers, T.P.1    Luke, W.T.2    Meisinger, J.J.3
  • 50
    • 0027382657 scopus 로고
    • The dissociation constant of ammonium nitrate and its dependence on temperature, relative humidity, and particle size
    • Mozurkewich M. The dissociation constant of ammonium nitrate and its dependence on temperature, relative humidity, and particle size. Atmos. Environ. 1993, 27:261-270.
    • (1993) Atmos. Environ. , vol.27 , pp. 261-270
    • Mozurkewich, M.1
  • 52
    • 0032485371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of sea-salt on aerosol radiative properties in the Southern Ocean marine boundary layer
    • Murphy D.M., Anderson J.R., Quinn P.K., McInnes L.M., Brechtelk F.J., et al. Influence of sea-salt on aerosol radiative properties in the Southern Ocean marine boundary layer. Nature 1998, 392:62-65.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 62-65
    • Murphy, D.M.1    Anderson, J.R.2    Quinn, P.K.3    McInnes, L.M.4    Brechtelk, F.J.5
  • 55
    • 69249112305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulence characteristics in grassland canopies and implications for tracer transport
    • Nemitz E., Loubet B., Lehmann B.E., Cellier P., Neftel A., et al. Turbulence characteristics in grassland canopies and implications for tracer transport. Biogeosciences 2009, 6:1519-1537.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , pp. 1519-1537
    • Nemitz, E.1    Loubet, B.2    Lehmann, B.E.3    Cellier, P.4    Neftel, A.5
  • 57
    • 85031952897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center
    • Available on-line 〈〉 from ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.
    • ORNL DAAC Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center. MODIS subsetted land products, Collection 5 2012, Available on-line 〈http://daac.ornl.gov/MODIS/modis.html〉 from ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.
    • (2012) MODIS subsetted land products, Collection 5
  • 59
    • 0029506109 scopus 로고
    • The magnitude and persistence of soil NO, N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from burned tropical savanna in Brasil
    • Poth M., Anderson I.C., Miranda H.S., Miranda A.C., Riggan P.G. The magnitude and persistence of soil NO, N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from burned tropical savanna in Brasil. Global Biogeochem. Cycle 1995, 9:503-513.
    • (1995) Global Biogeochem. Cycle , vol.9 , pp. 503-513
    • Poth, M.1    Anderson, I.C.2    Miranda, H.S.3    Miranda, A.C.4    Riggan, P.G.5
  • 60
    • 0022227662 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of element transfer to the atmosphere during vegetation fires
    • Raison R.J., Khanna P.K., Woods P.V. Mechanisms of element transfer to the atmosphere during vegetation fires. Can. J. For. Res. 1985, 15:132-140.
    • (1985) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.15 , pp. 132-140
    • Raison, R.J.1    Khanna, P.K.2    Woods, P.V.3
  • 61
    • 77949461826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and aerosol characterisation of the troposphere over West Africa during the monsoon period as part of AMMA
    • Reeves C.E., Formenti P., Afif C., et al. Chemical and aerosol characterisation of the troposphere over West Africa during the monsoon period as part of AMMA. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10:7575-7601. 10.5194/acp-10-7575-2010.
    • (2010) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 7575-7601
    • Reeves, C.E.1    Formenti, P.2    Afif, C.3
  • 62
    • 36448975554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eddy covariance measurements of nitric oxide flux within an Amazonian rain forest
    • Rummel U., Ammann C., Gut A., Meixner F.X., Andreae M.O. Eddy covariance measurements of nitric oxide flux within an Amazonian rain forest. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107(D20):8050. 10.1029/2001JD000520.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.D20 , pp. 8050
    • Rummel, U.1    Ammann, C.2    Gut, A.3    Meixner, F.X.4    Andreae, M.O.5
  • 63
    • 84859539400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The EMEP MSCWchemical transport model-Part 1: Model description
    • Simpson D., Benedictow A., Berge H., et al. The EMEP MSCWchemical transport model-Part 1: Model description. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 2012, 12:3781-3874.
    • (2012) Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. , vol.12 , pp. 3781-3874
    • Simpson, D.1    Benedictow, A.2    Berge, H.3
  • 65
    • 0020001955 scopus 로고
    • Predictions for particle deposition to vegetative canopies
    • Slinn W.G.N. Predictions for particle deposition to vegetative canopies. Atmos. Environ. 1982, 16:1785-1794.
    • (1982) Atmos. Environ. , vol.16 , pp. 1785-1794
    • Slinn, W.G.N.1
  • 66
    • 0034215011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional estimation of pollutant gas dry deposition in the UK: Model description, sensitivity analyses and outputs
    • Smith R.I., Fowler D., Sutton M.A., et al. Regional estimation of pollutant gas dry deposition in the UK: Model description, sensitivity analyses and outputs. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:3757-3777.
    • (2000) Atmos. Environ. , vol.34 , pp. 3757-3777
    • Smith, R.I.1    Fowler, D.2    Sutton, M.A.3
  • 68
    • 1842763623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nitrogen deposition on insect herbivory: implications for community and ecosystem processes
    • Throop H.L., Lerdau M.T. Effects of nitrogen deposition on insect herbivory: implications for community and ecosystem processes. Ecosystems 2004, 7:109-133.
    • (2004) Ecosystems , vol.7 , pp. 109-133
    • Throop, H.L.1    Lerdau, M.T.2
  • 69
    • 67749123956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European scale application of atmospheric reactive nitrogen measurements in a low-cost approach to infer dry deposition fluxes
    • Tang Y.S., Simmons I., van Dijk N., et al. European scale application of atmospheric reactive nitrogen measurements in a low-cost approach to infer dry deposition fluxes. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 2009, 133:183-195.
    • (2009) Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. , vol.133 , pp. 183-195
    • Tang, Y.S.1    Simmons, I.2    van Dijk, N.3
  • 70
    • 33645640177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dry and wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to a tropical pasture site (Rondonia, Brazil)
    • 2006
    • Trebs I., Lara L.L., Zeri L.M.M., et al. Dry and wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to a tropical pasture site (Rondonia, Brazil). Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006, 6:447-469. 2006.
    • (2006) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.6 , pp. 447-469
    • Trebs, I.1    Lara, L.L.2    Zeri, L.M.M.3
  • 73
    • 0034102479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the current status of knowledge on dry deposition
    • Wesely M.L., Hicks B.B. A review of the current status of knowledge on dry deposition. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:2261-2282.
    • (2000) Atmos. Environ. , vol.34 , pp. 2261-2282
    • Wesely, M.L.1    Hicks, B.B.2
  • 74
    • 77957713421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol fluxes and dynamics within and above a tropical rainforest in South-East Asia
    • Whitehead J.D., Gallagher M.W., Dorsey J.R., Robinson N., Gabey A.M., et al. Aerosol fluxes and dynamics within and above a tropical rainforest in South-East Asia. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10:9369-9382. 10.5194/acp-10-9369-2010.
    • (2010) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 9369-9382
    • Whitehead, J.D.1    Gallagher, M.W.2    Dorsey, J.R.3    Robinson, N.4    Gabey, A.M.5
  • 75
    • 0347899399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-player biochemical dry deposition model, I. Model formulation
    • Wu Y., Brashers B., Finkelstein P.L., Pleim J.E. A multi-player biochemical dry deposition model, I. Model formulation. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(D1):4013. 10.1029/2002JD002293.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D1 , pp. 4013
    • Wu, Y.1    Brashers, B.2    Finkelstein, P.L.3    Pleim, J.E.4
  • 76
    • 80052310473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon benefits of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen offset by nitrous oxide emissions
    • Zaehle S., Ciais P., Friend A.D., Prieur V. Carbon benefits of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen offset by nitrous oxide emissions. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:601-605. 10.1038/ngeo1207.
    • (2011) Nat. Geosci. , vol.4 , pp. 601-605
    • Zaehle, S.1    Ciais, P.2    Friend, A.D.3    Prieur, V.4
  • 77
    • 0035238894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A size-segragated particle dry deposition scheme for an atmospheric aerosol module
    • Zhang L., Gong S., Padro J., Barrie L. A size-segragated particle dry deposition scheme for an atmospheric aerosol module. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:549-560.
    • (2001) Atmos. Environ. , vol.35 , pp. 549-560
    • Zhang, L.1    Gong, S.2    Padro, J.3    Barrie, L.4
  • 78
    • 79954589269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models
    • Zhang L., Brook J.R., Vet R. A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2003, 3:2067-2082. 10.5194/acp-3-2067-2003.
    • (2003) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.3 , pp. 2067-2082
    • Zhang, L.1    Brook, J.R.2    Vet, R.3
  • 79
    • 62749141579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dry deposition of individual nitrogen species at eight Canadian rural sites
    • Zhang L., Vet R., O'Brien J.M., Mihele C., Liang Z., Wiebe A. Dry deposition of individual nitrogen species at eight Canadian rural sites. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:D02301. 10.1029/2008JD010640.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.114 , pp. D02301
    • Zhang, L.1    Vet, R.2    O'Brien, J.M.3    Mihele, C.4    Liang, Z.5    Wiebe, A.6
  • 80
    • 77956948528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bi-directional airsurface exchange of atmospheric ammonia-a review of measurements and a development of a big-leaf model for applications in regional-scale air-quality models
    • Zhang L., Wright L.P., Asman W.A.H. Bi-directional airsurface exchange of atmospheric ammonia-a review of measurements and a development of a big-leaf model for applications in regional-scale air-quality models. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2010, 10.1029/2009JD013589.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
    • Zhang, L.1    Wright, L.P.2    Asman, W.A.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.