Mind-reading ability and structural connectivity changes in aging

Frontiers in Psychology

Volumn 6, Issue NOV, 2015, Pages

  Cabinio, Monia ^a   Rossetto, Federica ^a,b   Blasi, Valeria ^a   Savazzi, Federica ^a   Castelli, Ilaria ^b,c   Massaro, Davide ^b   Valle, Annalisa ^b   Nemni, Raffaello ^a,d   Clerici, Mario ^a,d   Marchetti, Antonella ^b   Baglio, Francesca ^a  

^a IRCCS FONDAZIONE DON CARLO GNOCCHI   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITÀ CATTOLICA DEL SACRO CUORE   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BERGAMO   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

Aging neuroscience; Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Growth and development; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Mind reading; Theory of mind (ToM); Tract based spatial statistics; Voxel based morphometry (VBM)

Indexed keywords

EID: 84949644329     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01808     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Agnew, Z. K., Bhakoo, K. K., and Puri, B. K. (2007). The human mirror system: a motor resonance theory of mind-reading. Brain Res. Rev. 54, 286-293. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.04.003.
2. Andersson, J. L., Jenkinson, M., and Smith, S. (2007a). Non-Linear Optimisation. FMRIB Technical Report TR07JA1. Oxford: University of Oxford FMRIB Centre.
3. Andersson, J. L., Jenkinson, M., and Smith, S. (2007b). Non-Linear Registration, Aka Spatial Normalisation. FMRIB Technical Report TR07JA2. Oxford: FMRIB Analysis Group of the University of Oxford.
4. Barbey, A. K., Colom, R., and Grafman, J. (2012). Distributed neural system for emotional intelligence revealed by lesion mapping. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 9, 265-272. doi: 10.1093/scan/nss124.
5. Baron-Cohen, S., and Ring, H. (1994). "A model of the mindreading system: neuropsychological and neurobiological perspectives," in Children's Early Understanding of Mind: Origins and Development, eds C. Lewis and P. Mitchell (Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates), 183-207.
6. Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., and Jolliffe, A. T. (1997a). Is there a "language of the eyes"? Evidence from normal adults, and adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Vis. Cogn. 4, 311-331. doi: 10.1080/713756761.
7. Baron-Cohen, S., Jolliffe, T., Mortimore, C., and Robertson, M. (1997b). Another advanced test of theory of mind: evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 38, 813-822. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01599.x.
8. Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., and Plumb, I. (2001). The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test revised version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 42, 241-251. doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00715.
9. Blakemore, S. J., den Ouden, H., Choudhury, S., and Frith, C. (2007). Adolescent development of the neural circuitry for thinking about intentions. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 2, 130-139. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsm009.
10. Blakemore, S. J., Winston, J., and Frith, U. (2004). Social cognitive neuroscience: where are we heading? Trends Cogn. Sci. 8, 216-222. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.03.012.
11. Boucher, O., Rouleau, I., Lassonde, M., Lepore, F., Bouthillier, A., and Nguyen, D. K. (2015). Social information processing following resection of the insular cortex. Neuropsychologia 71, 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.03.008.
12. Britton, J. C., Taylor, S. F., Sudheimer, K. D., and Liberzon, I. (2006). Facial expressions and complex IAPS pictures: common and differential networks. Neuroimage 31, 906-919. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.050.
13. Burke, D. M., and Shafto, M. A. (2004). Aging and language production. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 13, 21-24. doi: 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01301006.x.
14. Butterworth, G. (1991). "The ontogeny and phylogeny of joint visual attention," in Natural Theories of Mind: Evolution, Development and Simulation of Everyday Mindreading, ed. A. Whiten (Oxford: Basil Blackwell), 223-232.
15. Butterworth, G. (1994). "Theory of mind and the facts of embodiment," in Children's Early Understanding of Mind: Origins and Development, eds C. Lewis and P. Mitchell (Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates), 115-132.
16. Cabeza, R. (2002). Hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults: the HAROLD model. Psychol. Aging 17, 85-100. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.17.1.85.
17. Camaioni, L. (1993). "The development of intentional communication: a re-analisis," in New Perspectives in Early Comunicative Development, eds J. Nadel and L. Camaioni (London: Routledge).
18. Carlesimo, G. A., Caltagirone, C., and Gainotti, G. (1996). The Mental Deterioration Battery: normative data, diagnostic reliability and qualitative analyses of cognitive impairment. Eur. Neurol. 36, 378-384. doi: 10.1159/000117297.
19. Castelli, I., Baglio, F., Blasi, V., Alberoni, M., Falini, A., Liverta-Sempio, O., et al. (2010). Effects of aging on mindreading ability through the eyes: an fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 48, 2586-2594. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.005.
20. Catani, M., and Jones, D. K. (2005). Perisylvian language networks of the human brain. Ann. Neurol. 57, 8-16. doi: 10.1002/ana.20319.
21. Chaby, L., and Narme, P. (2009). [Processing facial identity and emotional expression in normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases]. Psychol. Neuropsychiatr. Vieil. 7, 31-42. doi: 10.1684/pnv.2008.0154.
22. Chakrabarti, B., Bullmore, E., and Baron-Cohen, S. (2006). Empathizing with basic emotions: common and discrete neural substrates. Soc. Neurosci. 1, 364-384. doi: 10.1080/17470910601041317.
23. Charlton, R. A., Barrick, T. R., Markus, H. S., and Morris, R. G. (2009). Theory of mind associations with other cognitive functions and brain imaging in normal aging. Psychol. Aging 24, 338-348. doi: 10.1037/a0015225.
24. Coricelli, G. (2005). Two-levels of mental states attribution: from automaticity to voluntariness. Neuropsychologia 43, 294-300. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.11.015.
25. Cramer, S. C., Sur, M., Dobkin, B. H., O'Brien, C., Sanger, T. D., Trojanowski, J. Q., et al. (2011). Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications. Brain 134, 1591-1609. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr039.
26. Dal Monte, O., Krueger, F., Solomon, J. M., Schintu, S., Knutson, K. M., Strenziok, M., et al. (2013). A voxel-based lesion study on facial emotion recognition after penetrating brain injury. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 8, 632-639. doi: 10.1093/scan/nss041.
27. Dal Monte, O., Schintu, S., Pardini, M., Berti, A., Wassermann, E. M., Grafman, J., et al. (2014). The left inferior frontal gyrus is crucial for reading the mind in the eyes: brain lesion evidence. Cortex 58, 9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.05.002.
28. Damasio, A. R., Grabowski, T. J., Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Ponto, L. L., Parvizi, J., et al. (2000). Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions. Nat. Neurosci. 3, 1049-1056. doi: 10.1038/79871.
29. Davis, S. W., Dennis, N. A., Buchler, N. G., White, L. E., Madden, D. J., and Cabeza, R. (2009). Assessing the effects of age on long white matter tracts using diffusion tensor tractography. Neuroimage 46, 530-541. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.01.068.
30. Decety, J., and Chaminade, T. (2003). Neural correlates of feeling sympathy. Neuropsychologia 41, 127-138. doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00143-4.
31. Douaud, G., Smith, S., Jenkinson, M., Behrens, T., Johansen-Berg, H., Vickers, J., et al. (2007). Anatomically related grey and white matter abnormalities in adolescent-onset schizophrenia. Brain 130, 2375-2386. doi: 10.1093/brain/awm184.
32. Duval, C., Piolino, P., Bejanin, A., Eustache, F., and Desgranges, B. (2011). Age effects on different components of theory of mind. Conscious. Cogn. 20, 627-642. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2010.10.025.
33. Farroni, T., Johnson, M. H., and Csibra, G. (2004). Mechanisms of eye gaze perception during infancy. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16, 1320-1326. doi: 10.1162/0898929042304787.
34. Flavell, J. H. (1981). Young children's knowledge about visual perception: further evidence for the level 1-level 2 distinction. Dev. Psychol. 17, 99-103. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.17.1.99.
35. Flavell, J. H. (1988). "The development of children's knowledge about the mind: from cognitive connections to mental representations," in Developing Theories of Mind, eds J. W. Astington and P. L. Harris (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press), 244-267.
36. Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., and McHugh, P. R. (1975). "Mini-mental state": a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J. Psychiatr. Res. 12, 189-198. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
37. Good, C. D., Johnsrude, I. S., Ashburner, J., Henson, R. N., Fristen, K. J., and Frackowiak, R. S. (2001). A voxel-based morphometric study of ageing in 465 normal adult human brains. Neuroimage 14(Pt 1), 21-36. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0786.
38. Gopnik, A., Slaughter, V., and Meltzoff, A. N. (1994). "Changing your views: how understanding visual perception can lead to a new theory of the mind," in Children's Early Understanding of Mind: Origins and Development, eds C. Lewis and P. Mitchell (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum), 157-181.
39. Henry, J. D., Phillips, L. H., Ruffman, T., and Bailey, P. E. (2013). A meta-analytic review of age differences in theory of mind. Psychol. Aging 28, 826-839. doi: 10.1037/a0030677.
40. Herbet, G., Lafargue, G., Bonnetblanc, F., Moritz-Gasser, S., de Champfleur, N. M., and Duffau, H. (2014). Inferring a dual-stream model of mentalizing from associative white matter fibres disconnection. Brain 137(Pt 3), 944-959. doi: 10.1093/brain/awt370.
41. Herbet, G., Lafargue, G., Moritz-Gasser, S., Bonnetblanc, F., and Duffau, H. (2015). Interfering with the neural activity of mirror-related frontal areas impairs mentalistic inferences. Brain Struct. Funct. 220, 2159-2169. doi: 10.1007/s00429-014-0777-x.
42. Keysers, C., and Gazzola, V. (2007). Integrating simulation and theory of mind: from self to social cognition. Trends Cogn. Sci. 11, 194-196. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.02.002.
43. Klinnert, M. D. (1984). The regulation of infant behavior by maternal facial expression. Infant Behav. Dev. 7, 447-465. doi: 10.1016/S0163-6383(84)80005-3.
44. Kurth, F., Zilles, K., Fox, P. T., Laird, A. R., and Eickhoff, S. B. (2010). A link between the systems: functional differentiation and integration within the human insula revealed by meta-analysis. Brain Struct. Funct. 214, 519-534. doi: 10.1007/s00429-010-0255-z.
45. MacPherson, S. E., Phillips, L. H., and Sala, S. D. (2006). Age-related differences in the ability to perceive sad facial expressions. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 18, 418-424. doi: 10.1007/BF03324838.
46. Mahy, C. E. V., Moses, L. J., and Pfeifer, J. H. (2014). How and where: theory-of-mind in the brain. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci. 9, 68-81. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2014.01.002.
47. Makris, N., Kennedy, D. N., McInerney, S., Sorensen, A. G., Wang, R., Caviness, V. S., et al. (2005). Segmentation of subcomponents within the superior longitudinal fascicle in humans: a quantitative, in vivo, DT-MRI study. Cereb. Cortex 15, 854-869. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhh186.
48. Mars, R. B., Neubert, F. X., Noonan, M. P., Sallet, J., Toni, I., and Rushworth, M. F. (2012). On the relationship between the "default mode network" and the "social brain". Front. Hum. Neurosci. 6:189. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00189.
49. Martino, J., Hamer, P. C. D. W., Berger, M. S., Lawton, M. T., Arnold, C. M., de Lucas, E. M., et al. (2013). Analysis of the subcomponents and cortical terminations of the perisylvian superior longitudinal fasciculus: a fiber dissection and DTI tractography study. Brain Struct. Funct. 218, 105-121. doi: 10.1007/s00429-012-0386-5.
50. McKinnon, M. C., and Moscovitch, M. (2007). Domain-general contributions to social reasoning: theory of mind and deontic reasoning re-explored. Cognition 102, 179-218. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.12.011.
51. McKone, E., Crookes, K., Jeffery, L., and Dilks, D. D. (2012). A critical review of the development of face recognition: experience is less important than previously believed. Cogn. Neuropsychol. 29, 174-212. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2012.660138.
52. Moor, B. G., de Macks, Z. A. O., Güroğlu, B., Rombouts, S. A., Van der Molen, M. W., and Crone, E. A. (2012). Neurodevelopmental changes of reading the mind in the eyes. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 7, 44-52. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsr020.
53. Moran, J. M. (2013). Lifespan development: the effects of typical aging on theory of mind. Behav. Brain Res. 237, 32-40. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.020.
54. Mori, S., Wakana, S., Van Zijl, P. C., and Nagae-Poetscher, L. M. (2005). MRI Atlas of Human White Matter, Vol. 11. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 30.
55. Pardini, M., and Nichelli, P. F. (2009). Age-related decline in mentalizing skills across adult life span. Exp. Aging Res. 35, 98-106. doi: 10.1080/03610730802545259.
56. Park, D. C., Lautenschlager, G., Hedden, T., Davidson, N. S., Smith, A. D., and Smith, P. K. (2002). Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychol. Aging 17, 299-320. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.17.2.299.
57. Park, D. C., and Reuter-Lorenz, P. (2009). The adaptive brain: aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 60, 173-196. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093656.
58. Peterson, E., and Miller, S. F. (2012). The eyes test as a measure of individual differences: how much of the variance reflects verbal IQ? Front. Psychol. 3:220. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00220.
59. Phan, K. L., Wager, T., Taylor, S. F., and Liberzon, I. (2002). Functional neuroanatomy of emotion: a meta-analysis of emotion activation studies in PET and fMRI. Neuroimage 16, 331-348. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2002.1087.
60. Phillips, L. H., MacLean, R. D., and Allen, R. (2002). Age and the understanding of emotions neuropsychological and sociocognitive perspectives. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 57, 526-530. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.6.P526.
61. Premack, D., and Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behav. Brain Sci. 1, 515-526. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X00076512.
62. Price, C. J. (2010). The anatomy of language: a review of 100 fMRI studies published in 2009. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1191, 62-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05444.x.
63. Raz, N. (2005). "The aging brain observed in vivo: differential changes and their modifiers," in Cognitive Neuroscience of Aging, eds R. Cabeza, L. Nyberg, and D. C. Park (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 19-57.
64. Raz, N., Gunning-Dixon, F. M., Head, D., Dupuis, J. H., and Acker, J. D. (1998). Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropsychology 12, 95-114. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.12.1.95.
65. Resnick, S. M., Goldszal, A. F., Davatzikos, C., Golski, S., Kraut, M. A., Metter, E., et al. (2000). One-year age changes in MRI brain volumes in older adults. Cereb. Cortex 10, 464-472. doi: 10.1093/cercor/10.5.464.
66. Resnick, S. M., Pham, D. L., Kraut, M. A., Zonderman, A. B., and Davatzikos, C. (2003). Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies of older adults: a shrinking brain. J. Neurosci. 23, 3295-3301.
67. Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (2002). New visions of the aging mind and brain. Trends Cogn. Sci. 6, 394-400. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01957-5.
68. Rilling, J. K., Glasser, M. F., Preuss, T. M., Ma, X., Zhao, T., Hu, X., et al. (2008). The evolution of the arcuate fasciculus revealed with comparative DTI. Nat. Neurosci. 11, 426-428. doi: 10.1038/nn2072.
69. Rizzolatti, G., Fogassi, L., and Gallese, V. (2001). Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the understanding and imitation of action. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 661-670. doi: 10.1038/35090060.
70. Rizzolatti, G., Fogassi, L., and Gallese, V. (2002). Motor and cognitive functions of the ventral premotor cortex. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12, 149-154. doi: 10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00308-2.
71. Rueckert, D., Sonoda, L. I., Hayes, C., Hill, D. L., Leach, M. O., and Hawkes, D. J. (1999). Nonrigid registration using free-form deformations: application to breast MR images. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 18, 712-721. doi: 10.1109/42.796284.
72. Sandoz, M., Démonet, J. F., and Fossard, M. (2014). Theory of mind and cognitive processes in aging and Alzheimer type dementia: a systematic review. Aging Ment. Health 18, 815-827. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2014.899974.
73. Schurz, M., Radua, J., Aichhorn, M., Richlan, F., and Perner, J. (2014). Fractionating theory of mind: a meta-analysis of functional brain imaging studies. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 42, 9-34. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.009.
74. Serafin, M., and Surian, L. (2004). Il Test degli Occhi: uno strumento per valutare la "teoria della mente". G. Ital. Psicol. 31, 839-862.
75. Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., Harari, H., Aharon-Peretz, J., and Levkovitz, Y. (2010). The role of the orbitofrontal cortex in affective theory of mind deficits in criminal offenders with psychopathic tendencies. Cortex 46, 668-677. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.04.008.
76. Slessor, G., Phillips, L. H., and Bull, R. (2007). Exploring the specificity of age-related differences in theory of mind tasks. Psychol. Aging 22, 639-643. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.22.3.639.
77. Smith, S. M. (2002). Fast robust automated brain extraction. Hum. Brain Mapp. 17, 143-155. doi: 10.1002/hbm.10062.
78. Smith, S. M., Jenkinson, M., Johansen-Berg, H., Rueckert, D., Nichols, T. E., Mackay, C. E., et al. (2006). Tract-based spatial statistics: voxelwise analysis of multi-subject diffusion data. Neuroimage 31, 1487-1505. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051.
79. Smith, S. M., Jenkinson, M., Woolrich, M. W., Beckmann, C. F., Behrens, T. E., Johansen-Berg, H., et al. (2004). Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL. Neuroimage 23, S208-S219. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051.
80. Sorce, J. F., Emde, R. N., Campos, J. J., and Klinnert, M. D. (1985). Maternal emotional signaling: its effect on the visual cliffbehavior of one-year-olds. Dev. Psychol. 21, 195-200. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.21.1.195.
81. Sowell, E. R., Peterson, B. S., Thompson, P. M., Welcome, S. E., Henkenius, A. L., and Toga, A. W. (2003). Mapping cortical change across the human life span. Nat. Neurosci. 6, 309-315. doi: 10.1038/nn1008.
82. Streri, A., de Hevia, M. D. D., Izard, V., and Coubart, A. (2013). What do we know about neonatal cognition? Behav. Sci. 3, 154-169. doi: 10.3390/bs3010154.
83. Sullivan, E. V., and Pfefferbaum, A. (2006). Diffusion tensor imaging and aging. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30, 749-761. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.002.
84. Tyler, L. K., and Marslen-Wilson, W. (2008). Fronto-temporal brain systems supporting spoken language comprehension. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 363, 1037-1054. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2158.
85. Uddin, L. Q., Iacoboni, M., Lange, C., and Keenan, J. P. (2007). The self and social cognition: the role of cortical midline structures and mirror neurons. Trends Cogn. Sci. 11, 153-157. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.01.001.
86. Wimmer, H., Hogrefe, J., and Sodian, B. (1988). "A second stage in children's conception of mental life: understanding informational accesses as origins of knowledge and belief," in Developing Theories of Mind, eds J. W. Astington and P. L. Harris (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press), 173-192.
87. Zuo, X. N., Kelly, C., Di Martino, A., Mennes, M., Margulies, D. S., Bangaru, S., et al. (2010). Growing together and growing apart: regional and sex differences in the lifespan developmental trajectories of functional homotopy. J. Neurosci. 30, 15034-15043. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2612-10.2010.