Goal Conflicts: Concepts, Findings, and Consequences for Psychotherapy

Handbook of Motivational Counseling: Concepts, Approaches, and Assessment

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 83-98

  Michalak, Johannes ^a   Heidenreich, Thomas ^b   Hoyer, Jüurgen ^c  

^a RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

^b Goethe Institut   (Germany)

^c DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Goal conflicts; Methodological approaches; Pathogenic factors; Psychotherapeutic process; Psychotherapy

Indexed keywords

EID: 84948978180     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470713129.ch5     Document Type: Chapter

References (78)

1. Austin, J.T., & Vancouver, J.B. (1996). Goal constructs in psychology: Structure, process, and content. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 338-375.
2. Bogovic, J. (2001). Der Zusammenhang zwischen Zielkonflikten, Symptombelastung und Krankheitsfolgen bei Angstpatienten [The association between goal conflicts, symptom strain, and consequences of being ill]. Unpublished diploma thesis. Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
3. Brunstein, J.C., & Maier, G.W. (1996). Persönliche Ziele: Ein Überblick zum Stand der Forschung [Personal goals: A review]. Psychologische Rundschau, 47, 146-160.
4. Caspar, F. (1997). Plan analysis. In T.D. Eells (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy case formulation (pp. 260-288). New York: Guilford.
5. Cox, W.M., & Klinger, E. (1988). A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 168-180.
6. Cox, W.M., & Klinger, E. (1990). Incentive motivation, affective change, and alcohol use: A model. In W.M. Cox (Ed.), Why people drink: Parameters of alcohol as a reinforcer. New York: Gardner Press.
7. Cox, W.M., Klinger, E., & Blount, J.P. (1999). Systematic motivational counseling: Treatment manual. Unpublished manuscript. University of Wales, Bangor, UK.
8. Derogatis, L.R. (1986). Symptom-Check-Liste (SCL-90-R) [Symptom-check-list (SCL-90-R)]. In Collegium Internationale Psychiatrieae Scalarum (Ed.), Internationale Skalen für Psychiatrie (3. Aufl.). Weinheim, Germany: Beltz.
9. Derogatis, L.R., Lipman, R.S., Rickels, J., Uhlenhuth, E.H., & Covi, L. (1974). The Hopkins Symptom Checklist: A measure of primary symptom dimensions. In P. Pichot (Ed.), Psychological measurements in psychopharmacology: Modern problems in pharmopsychiatry (pp. 77-110). Basel, Switzerland: Karger.
10. D'Zurilla, T.J., & Goldfried, M.R. (1971). Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78, 107-126.
11. Emmons, R.A. (1986). Personal strivings: An approach to personality and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1058-1068.
12. Emmons, R.A. (1996). Striving and feeling, personal goals and subjective well-being. In P.M. Gollwitzer & J.A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (pp. 313-337). New York: Guilford.
13. Emmons, R.A., & King, L.A. (1988). Conflict among personal strivings: Immediate and long-term implications for psychological and physical well-being. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 54, 1040-1048.
14. Emmons, R.A., King, L.A., & Sheldon, K. (1993). Goal conflict and the self-regulation of action. In D.M. Wegner & J.W. Pennebaker (Eds.), Handbook of mental control. Century psychology series (pp. 528-551). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
15. Epstein, S. (1982). Conflict and stress. In L. Goldberg & S. Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress (pp. 49-68). New York: Free Press.
16. Fagan, J., & Shepherd, I.L. (1970). Gestalt therapy now: Therapy, techniques, applications. Palo Alto, CA: Science and Behavior Books.
17. Fasbender, J. (2001). Der Einfluss von Zielkonflikten und Motiv-Ziel-Diskrepanzen auf das Basisverhalten [The impact of goal conflicts and discrepancies between motives and goals on basic behavior]. Unpublished diploma thesis. Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
18. Fecht, J., Heidenreich, T., Hoyer, J., Lauterbach, W., & Schneider, R. (1998). Veränderungsstadien bei stationärer Alkoholentwöhnungsbehandlung: Probleme der Diagnostik [Stage of change with in-patient treatment for alcoholism: Problems of diagnosis]. Verhaltenstherapie und psychosoziale Praxis, 30, 403-419.
19. Frankl, V.E. (1963). Man's search for meaning (I. Lasch, Trans.). Boston: Beacon Press. (Original work published 1959)
20. Freud, S. (1927). The ego and the id (J. Riviere, Trans.). London, England: Leonard and Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
21. Gendlin, E.T. (1981). Focusing. New York: Bantam.
22. Goldberg, D.P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaires: A technique for the identification and assessment of non-psychotic illness. London: Oxford University Press.
23. Grawe, K. (2003). Psychological therapy. Seattle, WA: Hogrefe.
24. Greenberg, L.S. (1984). A task analysis of intrapersonal conflict resolution. In L.N. Rice & L.S. Greenberg (Eds.), Patterns of change: Intensive analysis of psychotherapy process. New York: Guilford.
25. Greenberg, L.S., & Safran, J.D. (1987). Emotion in psychotherapy. New York: Guilford.
26. Hayes, S.C., & Batten, S.V. (2000). Acceptance and commitment therapy. European Psychotherapy, 1, 2-9.
27. Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K., & Wilson, K.G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford.
28. Heidenreich, T. (2000). Intrapsychische Konflikte und Therapiemotivation in der Behandlung der Substanzabhängigkeit [Intra-psychic conflict and therapy motivation in the treatment of substance addiction]. Regensburg, Germany: Roderer.
29. Heider, F. (1946). Attitude and cognitive organization. Journal of Psychology, 2, 107-112.
30. Horney, K. (1945). Our inner conflicts. New York: W.W. Norton.
31. Horowitz, M.J. (1988). Introduction to psychodynamics. New York: Basic Books.
32. Hovland, C.I., & Sears, R.R. (1938). Experiments on motor conflict: I. Types of conflicts and their modes of resolution. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 23, 477-493.
33. Hoyer, J. (1992). Intrapsychischer Konflikt und psychopathologische Symptombelastung [Intrapsychic conflict and psychopathological symptom-strain]. Regensburg, Germany: Roderer.
34. Hoyer, J. (1995). Kognitive Konflikte bei Alkoholpatienten und Abstinenten Alkoholikern. Sucht, 41, 252-264.
35. Hoyer, J. (2000). Dysfunktionale Selbstaufmerksamkeit [Dysfunctional self-awareness]. Heidelberg, Germany: Asanger.
36. Hoyer, J., Fecht, J., Lauterbach,W., & Schneider, R. (2001). Changes in conflict, symptoms, and wellbeing during psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral alcohol inpatient treatment. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 70, 209-215.
37. Insko, C.A. (1984). Balance theory, the Jordon paradigma, and the Wiest tetrahedron. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 18, 89-140.
38. Janis, I.L., & Mann, L. (1977). Decision making. A psychological analysis of conflict, choice and commitment. New York: Free Press.
39. Jung, C.G. (1953). Psychology and alchemy. In H. Read, M. Fordham, & G. Adler (Eds.), Collected works (Vol. 13). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
40. Klinger, E. (1977). Meaning and void: Inner experience and the incentive in people's lives. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
41. Lauterbach, W. (1975). Assessing psychological conflict. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 14, 43-47.
42. Lauterbach,W. (1996a). The measurement of personal conflict. Psychotherapy Research, 6, 213-225.
43. Lauterbach, W. (1996b). The changing structure of Tanya's conflicts: A case of on-line conflict assessment in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 6, 277-290.
44. Lauterbach,W., & Newman, C.F. (1999). Computerized intrapersonal conflict assessment in cognitive therapy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 6, 1-18.
45. Lecky, P. (1945). Self-consistency: A theory of personality. New York: Island Press.
46. Lewin, K. (1931). Die psychologische Situation bei Lohn und Strafe. Leipzig, Germany: Hirzel.
47. Little, B.R. (1983). Personal projects: A rational and method for investigation. Environment and Behavior, 15, 273-309.
48. Michalak, J. (2000). Zielkonflikte im therapeutischen Prozess [Goal conflicts in the therapeutic process]. Wiesbaden, Germany: Deutscher Universitätsverlag.
49. Michalak, J. (2002). [Conflicts and psychological symptoms]. Unpublished research data.
50. Michalak, J., Kosfelder, J., Meyer, F., & Schulte, D. (2003). Messung des Therapieerfolgs-Veränderungsmessung oder retrospektive Erfolgsbeurteilung [Assessment of treatment success-change-scores or retrospective outcome ratings]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 32, 91-103.
51. Michalak, J., & Schulte, D. (2002). Zielkonflikte und Therapiemotivation [Goal conflicts and therapy motivation]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 31, 213-219.
52. Miller, N.E. (1944). Experimental studies of conflict. In J.McV. Hunt (Ed.), Personality and the behavioral disorders (Vol. I; pp. 431-465). New York: Roland Press.
53. Miller, N.E. (1959). Liberalization of basic S-R concepts: Extensions to conflict behavior, motivation, and social learning. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of science. New York: McGraw-Hill.
54. Palys, T.S., & Little, B.R. (1983). Perceived life satisfaction and the organization of personal project systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1221-1230.
55. Perring, C., Oatley, K., & Smith, J. (1988). Psychiatric symptoms and conflict among personal plans. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 61, 167-177.
56. Pervin, L.A. (1989). Goal concepts in personality and social psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
57. Pöhlmann, K. (1999). Persönliche Ziele: Ein neuer Ansatz zur Erfassung von Patientenzielen [Personal goals: A new approach for the assessment of patient goals]. Praxis Klinische Verhaltensmedizin und Rehabilitation, 12, 14-20.
58. Prochaska, J.O., DiClemente, C.C., & Norcross, J.C. (1992). In search of how people change. Applications to addictive behaviors. American Psychologist, 47, 1002-1114.
59. Püschel, O. (2000). Auswirkungen von Motiv-Ziel-Diskrepanzen auf Volition und Symptombelastung [Impact of discrepancies between motives and goals on volition and symptoms]. Unpublished diploma thesis. Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
60. Renner,W., & Leibetseder, M. (2000). The relationship of personal conflict and clinical symptoms in a high-conflict and a low-conflict subgroup: A correlational study. Psychotherapy Research, 10, 321-336.
61. Renner, W., & Platz, T. (1999). Kognitive und symptombezogene Effekte standardisierter Verhaltenstherapie: Evaluation eines ambulanten Gruppenprogramms [Cognitive and symptom-related effects of standardized behavioral therapy: Evaluation of an ambulant group treatment]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 47, 271-292.
62. Rinner, K. (1991). Intra-individuelle Konfliktmessung an stationär behandelten Alkoholikern [Intraindividual conflict assessment with in-patient alcoholics]. Unpublished dissertation. University of Innsbruck, Austria.
63. Rosen, H. (1989). Piagetian theory and cognitive therapy. In A. Freeman, K.M. Simon, L.E. Beutler, & H. Arkowitz (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of cognitive therapy. New York: Plenum.
64. Roweck, M. (1990). Intraindividuelle Konfliktveränderung bei Alkoholkranken im Therapieverlauf [Intra-individual conflict assessment with alcoholics in the course of therapy]. Unpublished diploma thesis. Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
65. Sachse, R. (1992). Zielorientierte Gesprächspsychotherapie. Eine grundlegende Neukonzeption [Goal-oriented client-centered psychotherapy. A fundamental new concept]. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.
66. Sachse, R. (1998). Goal-oriented client-centered psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders. In L.S. Greenberg (Ed.), Handbook of experiential psychotherapy (pp. 295-327). New York: Guilford.
67. Sachse, R., & Maus, C. (1991). Zielorientiertes Handeln in der Gesprächspsychotherapie [Goaloriented acting in client-centered psychotherapy]. Stuttgart, Germany: Kohlhammer.
68. Schulte, D. (1996). Therapieplanung [Planing therapy]. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.
69. Schulte, D. (1997). Die Bedeutung der Therapiemotivation in Klinischer Psychologie und Psychotherapie [The significance of therapy motivation in clinical psychology and psychotherapy]. In W. Rockstroh, H. Watzl, & Th. Elbert (Ed.), Impulse für die Klinische Psychologie. Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von R. Cohen (pp. 129-141). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.
70. Schulte, D., & Michalak, J. (in preparation). Der BAV-96-ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Basisverhaltens [The BAV-96-a questionnaire for assessing basic behavior]. Manuscript in preparation.
71. Schulte-Bahrenberg, T. (1990). Therapieziele, Therapieprozeß und Therapieerfolg [Therapy goals, therapeutic process and therapy success]. Pfaffenweiler, Germany: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft.
72. Sheldon, K.M., & Kasser, T. (1995). Coherence and congruence: Two aspects of personality integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 531-543.
73. Turiel, E. (1974). Conflict and transition in adolescent moral development. Child Development, 45, 14-29.
74. Völp, A. (1984). Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Konfliktfragebogens zum Vergleich von Drogenabh ängigen und religiös Gebundenen [Development and application of a conflict questionnaire for the comparison of drug dependent and religious people]. Unpublished diploma thesis. Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
75. Wheeler, D.D., & Janis, I.L. (1980). A practical guide for making decisions. New York: Free Press.
76. Wilensky, R. (1983). Planning and understanding-A computational approach to human reasoning. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
77. Wolpe, J. (1958). Psychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
78. Wong, P.T.P., & Fry, P.S. (Eds.) (1998). The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research and clinical applications. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.