Childhood posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Magnetic resonance imaging findings with emphasis on increased leptomeningeal FLAIR signal

Neuroradiology Journal

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 638-643

  Agarwal, Ajay ^a   Kapur, Gaurav ^b   Altinok, Deniz ^b  

^a University of Missouri   (United States)

^b CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

childhood; encephalopathy; Magnetic resonance imaging; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome

Indexed keywords

CYCLOSPORIN; TACROLIMUS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; BASAL GANGLION; BRAIN DAMAGE; BRAIN STEM; CEREBELLUM; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CORPUS CALLOSUM; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FLUID ATTENUATED INVERSION RECOVERY; FOLLOW UP; FRONTAL LOBE; HEADACHE; HEMISPHERE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; KIDNEY GRAFT; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LEUKEMIA; MALE; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCIPITAL LOBE; PARIETAL LOBE; POSTERIOR REVERSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME; SEIZURE; TEMPORAL LOBE; THALAMUS; VISUAL DISORDER; WHITE MATTER; BRAIN CORTEX; COMPLICATION; MENINX; PATHOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROCEDURES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ADOLESCENT; CEREBRAL CORTEX; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MENINGES; POSTERIOR LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 84947705370     PISSN: 19714009     EISSN: 23851996     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1971400915609338     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Truwit CL, Denaro CP, Lake JR, et al. MR imaging of reversible cyclosporin A-induced neurotoxicity. Am J Neuroradiol 1991; 12: 651-659.
2. Sanders TG, Clayman DA, Sanchez-Ramos L, et al. Brain in eclampsia: MR imaging with clinical correlation. Radiology 1991; 180: 475-478.
3. Schwartz RB, Jones KM, Kalina P, et al. Hypertensive encephalopathy: findings on CT, MR imaging, and SPECT imaging in 14 cases. Am J Roentgenol 1992; 159: 379-383.
4. Bartynski WS, Boardman JF,. Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28: 1320-1327.
5. Bartynski WS,. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, part 1: fundamental imaging and clinical features. Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29: 1036-1042.
6. De Laat P, Te Winkel ML, Devos AS, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in childhood cancer. Ann Oncol 2011; 22: 472-478.
7. Onder AM, Lopez R, Teomete U, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the pediatric renal population. Pediatr Nephrol 2007; 22: 1921-1929.
8. Ishikura K, Ikeda M, Hamasaki Y, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children: its high prevalence and more extensive imaging findings. Am J Kidney Dis 2006; 48: 231-238.
9. Morris EB, Laningham FH, Sandlund JT, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007; 48: 152-159.
10. Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, et al. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 494-500.
11. Brubaker LM, Smith JK, Lee YZ, et al. Hemodynamic and permeability changes in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome measured by dynamic susceptibility perfusion-weighted MR imaging. Am J Neuroradiol 2005; 26: 825-830.
12. Ito T, Sakai T, Inagawa S, et al. MR angiography of cerebral vasospasm in preeclampsia. Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16: 1344-1346.
13. Bartynski WS, Zeigler ZR, Shadduck RK, et al. Variable incidence of cyclosporine and FK-506 neurotoxicity in hematopoietic malignancies and marrow conditions after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Neurocrit Care 2005; 3: 33-45.
14. Bartynski WS, Grabb BC, Zeigler Z, et al. Watershed imaging features and clinical vascular injury in cyclosporin A neurotoxicity. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1997; 21: 872-880.
15. De Seze J, Mastain B, Stojkovic T, et al. Unusual MR findings of the brain stem in arterial hypertension. Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21: 391-394.
16. McKinney AM, Short J, Truwit CL, et al. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: incidence of atypical regions of involvement and imaging findings. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189: 904-912.
17. Schaefer PW, Buonanno FS, Gonzalez RG, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging discriminates between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema in a patient with eclampsia. Stroke 1997; 28: 1082-1085.
18. Stuckey SL, Goh TD, Heffernan T, et al. Hyperintensity in the subarachnoid space on FLAIR MRI. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189: 913-921.
19. Hamilton BE, Nesbit GM,. Delayed CSF enhancement in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29: 456-457.