Metabolic syndrome and cerebrovascular impairment in Alzheimer's disease

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Volumn 30, Issue 12, 2015, Pages 1164-1170

  Viticchi, Giovanna ^a   Falsetti, Lorenzo ^b   Buratti, Laura ^a   Luzzi, Simona ^a   Bartolini, Marco ^a   Acciarri, Maria Cristina ^a   Provinciali, Leandro ^a   Silvestrini, Mauro ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÀ POLITECNICA DELLE MARCHE   (Italy)

^b OSPEDALI RIUNITI   (Italy)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; metabolic syndrome; vascular impairment

Indexed keywords

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BREATH HOLDING; CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING; TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER; BRAIN; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; STATISTICAL MODEL; VASCULARIZATION; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BRAIN; CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84947043485     PISSN: 08856230     EISSN: 10991166     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/gps.4269     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Alexandrov AV, Sloan MA, Tegeler CH, et al., 2012. Practice standards for transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. Part II. Clinical indications and expected outcomes. J Neuroimaging 22: 215-224. DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2010.00523.
2. Azevedo A, Bettencourt P, Almeida PB, et al., 2007. Increasing number of components of the metabolic syndrome and cardiac structural and functional abnormalities-cross-sectional study of the general population. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 7: 7-17.
3. Birdsill AC, Carlsson CM, Willette AA, et al., 2013. Low cerebral blood flow is associated with lower memory function in metabolic syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring) 21: 1313-1320. DOI: 10.1002/oby.20170.
4. Cao HL, Chen XB, Lu JG, et al., 2013. Metabolic syndrome and coronary artery calcification: a community-based natural population study. Chin Med J (Engl) 126: 4618-4623.
5. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. 2001. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285: 2486-2497. DOI: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486.
6. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR,. 1975. "Mini-mental state": a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12: 189-198.
7. Frisardi V, Solfrizzi V, Seripa D, et al., 2010. Metabolic-cognitive syndrome: a cross-talk between metabolic syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 9: 399-417. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.04.007.
8. Galimberti D, Scarpini E,. 2010. Genetics and biology of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Int J Clin Exp Med 15 (3): 129-143.
9. Giannopoulos S, Boden-Albala B, Choi JH, et al., 2010. Metabolic syndrome and cerebral vasomotor reactivity. Eur J Neurol 17: 1457-62. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03087.
10. Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, et al., 2011. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 42: 517-584. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181fcb238.
11. Haffner SM,. 2006. The metabolic syndrome: inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 97: 3A-11A.
12. Heringa SM, Reijmer YD, Leemans A, et al., 2014. Multiple microbleeds are related to cerebral network disruptions in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 38 (1): 211-221. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-130542.
13. Jack CR, Petersen RC, Xu YC, et al., 1997. Medial temporal atrophy on MRI in normal aging and very mild Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 49: 786-794.
14. Jagust WJ, Zheng L, Harvey DJ, et al., 2008. Neuropathological basis of magnetic resonance images in aging and dementia. Ann Neurol 63: 72-80.
15. Kim JA, Montagnani M, Koh KK, et al., 2006. Reciprocal relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction: molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms. Circulation 113: 1888-1904.
16. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al., 2011. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 7: 263-269. DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005.
17. Misiak B, Leszek J, Kiejna A,. 2012. Metabolic syndrome, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease-the emerging role of systemic low-grade inflammation and adiposity. Brain Res Bull 89: 144-1449. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.08.003.
18. Monnier L, Mas E, Ginet C, et al., 2006. Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA 295: 1681-1687.
19. Novak V,. 2012. Cognition and hemodynamics. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 6: 380-396.
20. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, et al., 1999. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med 340: 14-22.
21. Okada R, Yasuda Y, Tsushita K, et al., 2014. The number of metabolic syndrome components is a good risk indicator for both early- and late-stage kidney damage. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 24: 277-285. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.08.004.
22. Oriowo MA,. 2014. Perivascular adipose tissue, vascular reactivity and hypertension. Med Princ Pract 24 (Suppl 1): 29-37. DOI: 10.1159/000356380.
23. Panza F, Frisardi V, Capurso C, et al., 2010. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment: current epidemiology and possible underlying mechanisms. J Alzheimers Dis 21: 691-724. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2010-091669.
24. Park JH, Kwon HM,. 2008. Association between metabolic syndrome and previous ischemic lesions in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stroke. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 110: 215-221.
25. Rogers J, Mastroeni D, Leonard B, et al., 2007. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: are microglia pathogenic in either disorder? Int Rev Neurobiol 82: 235-46.
26. Saunders AM, Strittmatter WJ, Schmechel D, et al., 1993. Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 43: 1467-1472.
27. Siervo M, Harrison SL, Jagger C, et al., 2014. Metabolic syndrome and longitudinal changes in cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis Feb 27 [Epub ahead of print] DOI: 10.3233/JAD-132279
28. Silvestrini M, Vernieri F, Pasqualetti P, et al., 2000. Impaired cerebral vasoreactivity and risk of stroke in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA 283: 2122-2127.
29. Silvestrini M, Pasqualetti P, Baruffaldi R, et al., 2006. Cerebrovascular reactivity and cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer disease. Stroke 37: 1010-1015.
30. Silvestrini M, Gobbi B, Pasqualetti P, et al., 2009. Carotid atherosclerosis and cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 30: 1177-1183.
31. Silvestrini M, Viticchi G, Falsetti L, et al., 2011. The role of carotid atherosclerosis in Alzheimer's disease progression. J Alzheimers Dis 25: 719-726. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2011-101968.
32. Silvestrini M, Viticchi G, Altamura C, et al., 2012. Cerebrovascular assessment for the risk prediction of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 32: 689-698. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2012-121240.
33. Silvestrini M, Altamura C, Cerqua R, et al., 2013. Ultrasonographic markers of vascular risk in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 33: 619-624. DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.5.
34. Solfrizzi V, Scafato E, Capurso C, et al., 2011. Metabolic syndrome, mild cognitive impairment, and progression to dementia. The Italian longitudinal study on aging. Neurobiol Aging 32: 1932-1941. DOI: 10.1016/j.
35. Tanskanen M, Kalaria RN, Notkola IL, et al., 2013. Relationships between white matter hyperintensities, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and dementia in a population-based sample of the oldest old. Curr Alzheimer Res 10: 1090-1097.
36. de la Torre JC,. 2010. The vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: bench to bedside and beyond. Neurodegener Dis 7: 116-121. DOI: 10.1159/000285520.
37. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, et al., 2012. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004-2006-2011) An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc Dis 34: 290-296. DOI: 10.1159/000343145.
38. van der Vlies AE, Goos JD, Barkhof F, et al., 2012. icrobleeds do not affect rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 79: 763-769. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182661f91.
39. Vayá A, Martínez-Triguero ML, España F, et al., 2011. The metabolic syndrome and its individual components: its association with venous thromboembolism in a Mediterranean population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 9: 197-201. DOI: 10.1089/met.2010.0117.
40. Viticchi G, Falsetti L, Vernieri F, et al., 2012. Vascular predictors of cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 33: 1127.e1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.11.027
41. Wahlund LO, Barkhof F, Fazekas F, et al., 2001. European task force on age-related white matter changes. A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT. Stroke 32: 1318-1322.
42. Watts AS, Loskutova N, Burns JM, et al., 2013. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline in early Alzheimer's disease and healthy older adults. J Alzheimers Dis 35: 253-265. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-121168.
43. Wimo A, Jönsson L, Bond J, et al., 2013. The worldwide economic impact of dementia 2010. Alzheimers Dement 9: 1-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.11.006.
44. Yaffe K,. 2007. Metabolic syndrome and cognitive disorders: is the sum greater than its parts? Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 21: 167-171.
45. Yaffe K, Weston AL, Blackwell T, et al., 2009. The metabolic syndrome and development of cognitive impairment among older women. Arch Neurol 66: 324-328. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2008.566.
46. Yates KF, Sweat V, Yau PL, et al., 2012. Impact of metabolic syndrome on cognition and brain a selected review of the literature. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 32: 2060-2067. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.252759.