메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

New scoring methodology improves the sensitivity of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) in clinical trials

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE ASSESSMENT SCALE COGNITIVE SUBSCALE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE ASSESSMENT SCALE COGNITIVE SUBSCALE ITEM RESPONSE THEORY; ARTICLE; COGNITION ASSESSMENT; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMETRY; SCORING SYSTEM; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VALIDATION STUDY; ACCESS TO INFORMATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COMPUTER SIMULATION; INTERNET; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PSYCHOLOGY; TIME FACTOR;

EID: 84946762305     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17589193     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-015-0151-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (52)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 0021520020 scopus 로고
    • A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease
    • Rosen WG, Mohs RC, Davis KL. A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry. 1984;141:1356-64.
    • (1984) Am J Psychiatry , vol.141 , pp. 1356-1364
    • Rosen, W.G.1    Mohs, R.C.2    Davis, K.L.3
  • 2
    • 78649633880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ADAScog in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: Psychometric evaluation of the sum and its parts
    • Cano SJ, Posner HB, Moline ML, Hurt SW, Swartz J, Hsu T, et al. The ADAScog in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: psychometric evaluation of the sum and its parts. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:1363-8.
    • (2010) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.81 , pp. 1363-1368
    • Cano, S.J.1    Posner, H.B.2    Moline, M.L.3    Hurt, S.W.4    Swartz, J.5    Hsu, T.6
  • 3
    • 84873411466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ADAS-Cog revisited: Novel composite scales based on ADAS-Cog to improve efficiency in MCI and early AD trials
    • Raghavan N, Samtani MN, Farnum M, Yang E, Novak G, Grundman M, et al. The ADAS-Cog revisited: novel composite scales based on ADAS-Cog to improve efficiency in MCI and early AD trials. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:S21-31.
    • (2013) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.9 , pp. S21-31
    • Raghavan, N.1    Samtani, M.N.2    Farnum, M.3    Yang, E.4    Novak, G.5    Grundman, M.6
  • 4
    • 84873404322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting the Alzheimer's cognitive test to the test II: Rasch measurement theory
    • Hobart J, Cano S, Posner H, Selnes O, Stern Y, Thomas R, et al. Putting the Alzheimer's cognitive test to the test II: Rasch Measurement Theory. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:S10-20.
    • (2013) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.9 , pp. S10-20
    • Hobart, J.1    Cano, S.2    Posner, H.3    Selnes, O.4    Stern, Y.5    Thomas, R.6
  • 5
    • 84873414525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting the Alzheimer's cognitive test to the test I: Traditional psychometric methods
    • Hobart J, Cano S, Posner H, Selnes O, Stern Y, Thomas R, et al. Putting the Alzheimer's cognitive test to the test I: Traditional psychometric methods. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:S4-9.
    • (2013) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.9 , pp. S4-9
    • Hobart, J.1    Cano, S.2    Posner, H.3    Selnes, O.4    Stern, Y.5    Thomas, R.6
  • 6
    • 70350308023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applications of neuroimaging to disease-modification trials in Alzheimer's disease
    • Fleisher AS, Donohue M, Chen K, Brewer JB, Aisen PS. Applications of neuroimaging to disease-modification trials in Alzheimer's disease. Behav Neurol. 2009;21:129-36.
    • (2009) Behav Neurol. , vol.21 , pp. 129-136
    • Fleisher, A.S.1    Donohue, M.2    Chen, K.3    Brewer, J.B.4    Aisen, P.S.5
  • 8
    • 84891763528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week study of the H3 receptor antagonist, GSK239512 as a monotherapy in subjects with mild-tomoderate Alzheimer's disease
    • Grove RA, Harrington CM, Mahler A, Beresford I, Maruff P, Lowy MT, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week study of the H3 receptor antagonist, GSK239512 as a monotherapy in subjects with mild-tomoderate Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2014;11:47-58.
    • (2014) Curr Alzheimer Res. , vol.11 , pp. 47-58
    • Grove, R.A.1    Harrington, C.M.2    Mahler, A.3    Beresford, I.4    Maruff, P.5    Lowy, M.T.6
  • 9
    • 84871713405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive-plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus): An expansion of the ADAS-Cog to improve responsiveness in MCI
    • Skinner J, Carvalho JO, Potter GG, Thames A, Zelinski E, Crane PK, et al. The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive-Plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus): an expansion of the ADAS-Cog to improve responsiveness in MCI. Brain Imaging Behav. 2012;6:489-501.
    • (2012) Brain Imaging Behav. , vol.6 , pp. 489-501
    • Skinner, J.1    Carvalho, J.O.2    Potter, G.G.3    Thames, A.4    Zelinski, E.5    Crane, P.K.6
  • 11
    • 0029933547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardinal features of cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: A factor-analytic study of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale
    • Talwalker S, Overall JE, Srirama MK, Gracon SI. Cardinal features of cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a factor-analytic study of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1996;9:39-46.
    • (1996) J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. , vol.9 , pp. 39-46
    • Talwalker, S.1    Overall, J.E.2    Srirama, M.K.3    Gracon, S.I.4
  • 12
    • 0029050874 scopus 로고
    • Assessing response to tacrine using the factor analytic structure of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale (Adas)-cognitive subscale
    • Olin JT, Schneider LS. Assessing response to tacrine using the factor analytic structure of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale (Adas)-cognitive subscale. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1995;10:753-6.
    • (1995) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 753-756
    • Olin, J.T.1    Schneider, L.S.2
  • 13
    • 0028220823 scopus 로고
    • Factor structure and reliability of the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale in a multicenter trial with linopirdine
    • Kim YS, Nibbelink DW, Overall JE. Factor structure and reliability of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale in a multicenter trial with linopirdine. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1994;7:74-83.
    • (1994) J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. , vol.7 , pp. 74-83
    • Kim, Y.S.1    Nibbelink, D.W.2    Overall, J.E.3
  • 14
    • 84555187597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia: An ADAS-cog factor analysis
    • Weintraub D, Somogyi M, Meng X. Rivastigmine in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia: an ADAS-cog factor analysis. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2011;26:443-9.
    • (2011) Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. , vol.26 , pp. 443-449
    • Weintraub, D.1    Somogyi, M.2    Meng, X.3
  • 15
    • 84863218569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaining precision on the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive: A comparison of item response theory-based scores and total scores
    • Balsis S, Unger AA, Benge JF, Geraci L, Doody RS. Gaining precision on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive: a comparison of item response theory-based scores and total scores. Alzheimers Dement. 2012;8:288-94.
    • (2012) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.8 , pp. 288-294
    • Balsis, S.1    Unger, A.A.2    Benge, J.F.3    Geraci, L.4    Doody, R.S.5
  • 16
    • 0347093539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test bias in a cognitive test: Differential item functioning in the CASI
    • Crane PK, van Belle G, Larson EB. Test bias in a cognitive test: differential item functioning in the CASI. Stat Med. 2004;23:241-56.
    • (2004) Stat Med. , vol.23 , pp. 241-256
    • Crane, P.K.1    Van Belle, G.2    Larson, E.B.3
  • 17
    • 64749102603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cognitive domains during three years in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with donepezil
    • Persson CM, Wallin AK, Levander S, Minthon L. Changes in cognitive domains during three years in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with donepezil. BMC Neurol. 2009;9:7.
    • (2009) BMC Neurol. , vol.9 , pp. 7
    • Persson, C.M.1    Wallin, A.K.2    Levander, S.3    Minthon, L.4
  • 18
    • 79955444505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II trial of huperzine A in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
    • Rafii MS, Walsh S, Little JT, Behan K, Reynolds B, Ward C, et al. A phase II trial of huperzine A in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2011;76:1389-94.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.76 , pp. 1389-1394
    • Rafii, M.S.1    Walsh, S.2    Little, J.T.3    Behan, K.4    Reynolds, B.5    Ward, C.6
  • 19
    • 78049407029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: A randomized trial
    • Quinn JF, Raman R, Thomas RG, Yurko-Mauro K, Nelson EB, Van Dyck C, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2010;304:1903-11.
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.304 , pp. 1903-1911
    • Quinn, J.F.1    Raman, R.2    Thomas, R.G.3    Yurko-Mauro, K.4    Nelson, E.B.5    Van Dyck, C.6
  • 21
    • 54049106963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose B vitamin supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: A randomized controlled trial
    • Aisen PS, Schneider LS, Sano M, Diaz-Arrastia R, van Dyck CH, Weiner MF, et al. High-dose B vitamin supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2008;300:1774-83.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , pp. 1774-1783
    • Aisen, P.S.1    Schneider, L.S.2    Sano, M.3    Diaz-Arrastia, R.4    Van Dyck, C.H.5    Weiner, M.F.6
  • 22
    • 80053336026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of simvastatin to treat Alzheimer disease
    • Sano M, Bell KL, Galasko D, Galvin JE, Thomas RG, van Dyck CH, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of simvastatin to treat Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2011;77:556-63.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 556-563
    • Sano, M.1    Bell, K.L.2    Galasko, D.3    Galvin, J.E.4    Thomas, R.G.5    Van Dyck, C.H.6
  • 23
    • 84871179111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease progression model in subjects with mild cognitive impairment from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: CSF biomarkers predict population subtypes
    • Samtani MN, Raghavan N, Shi Y, Novak G, Farnum M, Lobanov V, et al. Disease progression model in subjects with mild cognitive impairment from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: CSF biomarkers predict population subtypes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;75:146-61.
    • (2013) Br J Clin Pharmacol. , vol.75 , pp. 146-161
    • Samtani, M.N.1    Raghavan, N.2    Shi, Y.3    Novak, G.4    Farnum, M.5    Lobanov, V.6
  • 24
    • 80055046548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved model for disease progression in patients from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative
    • Samtani MN, Farnum M, Lobanov V, Yang E, Raghavan N, DiBernardo A, et al. An improved model for disease progression in patients from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52:629-44.
    • (2012) J Clin Pharmacol. , vol.52 , pp. 629-644
    • Samtani, M.N.1    Farnum, M.2    Lobanov, V.3    Yang, E.4    Raghavan, N.5    DiBernardo, A.6
  • 25
    • 79959338708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Errors in ADAS-cog administration and scoring may undermine clinical trials results
    • Schafer K, De Santi S, Schneider LS. Errors in ADAS-cog administration and scoring may undermine clinical trials results. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2011;8:373-6.
    • (2011) Curr Alzheimer Res. , vol.8 , pp. 373-376
    • Schafer, K.1    De Santi, S.2    Schneider, L.S.3
  • 26
    • 57349174495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administration and scoring variance on the ADAS-Cog
    • Connor DJ, Sabbagh MN. Administration and scoring variance on the ADAS-Cog. J Alzheimers Dis. 2008;15:461-4.
    • (2008) J Alzheimers Dis. , vol.15 , pp. 461-464
    • Connor, D.J.1    Sabbagh, M.N.2
  • 27
    • 84894614505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved utilization of ADAS-cog assessment data through item response theory based pharmacometric modeling
    • Ueckert S, Plan EL, Ito K, Karlsson M, Corrigan B, Hooker AC. Improved utilization of ADAS-cog assessment data through item response theory based pharmacometric modeling. Pharm Res. 2014;31:2152-65.
    • (2014) Pharm Res. , vol.31 , pp. 2152-2165
    • Ueckert, S.1    Plan, E.L.2    Ito, K.3    Karlsson, M.4    Corrigan, B.5    Hooker, A.C.6
  • 28
    • 0021271971 scopus 로고
    • Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of department of health and human services task force on Alzheimer's disease
    • McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan EM. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology. 1984;34:939.
    • (1984) Neurology , vol.34 , pp. 939
    • McKhann, G.1    Drachman, D.2    Folstein, M.3    Katzman, R.4    Price, D.5    Stadlan, E.M.6
  • 29
    • 0030814418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of cognitive instruments for use in clinical trials of antidementia drugs: Additions to the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale that broaden its scope
    • Mohs RC, Knopman D, Petersen RC, Ferris SH, Ernesto C, Grundman M, et al. Development of cognitive instruments for use in clinical trials of antidementia drugs: additions to the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale that broaden its scope. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 1997;11:13-21.
    • (1997) Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. , vol.11 , pp. 13-21
    • Mohs, R.C.1    Knopman, D.2    Petersen, R.C.3    Ferris, S.H.4    Ernesto, C.5    Grundman, M.6
  • 30
    • 0000433590 scopus 로고
    • Marginal maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters: Application of an em algorithm
    • Bock RD, Aitkin M. Marginal maximum likelihood estimation of item parameters: application of an EM algorithm. Psychometrika. 1981;46:443-59.
    • (1981) Psychometrika , vol.46 , pp. 443-459
    • Bock, R.D.1    Aitkin, M.2
  • 31
    • 77950076362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dimensional exploratory item factor analysis by a Metropolis-Hastings Robbins-Monro algorithm
    • Cai L. High-dimensional exploratory item factor analysis by a Metropolis-Hastings Robbins-Monro algorithm. Psychometrika. 2010;75:33-57.
    • (2010) Psychometrika , vol.75 , pp. 33-57
    • Cai, L.1
  • 32
    • 77958531760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metropolis-Hastings Robbins-Monro algorithm for confirmatory item factor analysis
    • Cai L. Metropolis-Hastings Robbins-Monro algorithm for confirmatory item factor analysis. J Educ Behav Stat. 2010;35:307-35.
    • (2010) J Educ Behav Stat. , vol.35 , pp. 307-335
    • Cai, L.1
  • 36
    • 33749431933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of local item dependence on the validity of IRT item, test, and ability statistics
    • Association of American Medical Colleges, Section for the Medical College Admission Test Monograph number: 5
    • Zenisky AL, Hambleton RK, Sireci SG. Effects of local item dependence on the validity of IRT item, test, and ability statistics. MCAT Monograph. Association of American Medical Colleges, Section for the Medical College Admission Test Monograph number: 5. 2001.
    • (2001) MCAT Monograph
    • Zenisky, A.L.1    Hambleton, R.K.2    Sireci, S.G.3
  • 37
    • 8644267207 scopus 로고
    • A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis
    • Horn JL. A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika. 1965;30:179-85.
    • (1965) Psychometrika , vol.30 , pp. 179-185
    • Horn, J.L.1
  • 38
    • 33646503263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research common errors and some comment on improved practice
    • Henson RK, Roberts JK. Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research common errors and some comment on improved practice. Educ Psychol Meas. 2006;66:393-416.
    • (2006) Educ Psychol Meas. , vol.66 , pp. 393-416
    • Henson, R.K.1    Roberts, J.K.2
  • 39
    • 0001447619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of under-and overextraction on principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation
    • Wood JM, Tataryn DJ, Gorsuch RL. Effects of under-and overextraction on principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation. Psychol Methods. 1996;1:354.
    • (1996) Psychol Methods , vol.1 , pp. 354
    • Wood, J.M.1    Tataryn, D.J.2    Gorsuch, R.L.3
  • 40
    • 79851496916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance
    • Cheung GW, Rensvold RB. Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Struct Equ Modeling. 2002;9:233-55.
    • (2002) Struct Equ Modeling , vol.9 , pp. 233-255
    • Cheung, G.W.1    Rensvold, R.B.2
  • 41
    • 6744245357 scopus 로고
    • A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis
    • Tucker LR, Lewis C. A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika. 1973;38:1-10.
    • (1973) Psychometrika , vol.38 , pp. 1-10
    • Tucker, L.R.1    Lewis, C.2
  • 42
    • 67650706330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
    • Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Modeling. 1999;6:1-55.
    • (1999) Struct Equ Modeling , vol.6 , pp. 1-55
    • Hu, L.1    Bentler, P.M.2
  • 43
    • 0038381717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further investigation of the performance of S-X2: An item fit index for use with dichotomous item response theory models
    • Orlando M, Thissen D. Further investigation of the performance of S-X2: an item fit index for use with dichotomous item response theory models. Appl Psychol Meas. 2003;27:289-98.
    • (2003) Appl Psychol Meas. , vol.27 , pp. 289-298
    • Orlando, M.1    Thissen, D.2
  • 44
    • 40849085314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating item fit for multidimensional item response models
    • Zhang B, Stone CA. Evaluating item fit for multidimensional item response models. Educ Psychol Meas. 2008;68:181-96.
    • (2008) Educ Psychol Meas. , vol.68 , pp. 181-196
    • Zhang, B.1    Stone, C.A.2
  • 45
    • 0642281963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local dependence indexes for item pairs using item response theory
    • Chen WH, Thissen D. Local dependence indexes for item pairs using item response theory. J Educ Behav Stat. 1997;22:265-89.
    • (1997) J Educ Behav Stat. , vol.22 , pp. 265-289
    • Chen, W.H.1    Thissen, D.2
  • 48
    • 84988674410 scopus 로고
    • Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing
    • Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Series B Methodol. 1995;57:289-300.
    • (1995) J R Stat Soc Series B Methodol. , vol.57 , pp. 289-300
    • Benjamini, Y.1    Hochberg, Y.2
  • 49
    • 0004175545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
    • Holland PW, Wainer H. (eds.) Differential Item Functioning. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1993;67-113.
    • (1993) Differential Item Functioning , pp. 67-113
    • Holland, P.W.1    Wainer, H.2
  • 53
    • 45849116949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pilot European Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative of the European Alzheimer's disease consortium
    • Frisoni GB, Henneman WJ, Weiner MW, Scheltens P, Vellas B, Reynish E, et al. The pilot European Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative of the European Alzheimer's disease consortium. Alzheimers Dement. 2008;4:255-64.
    • (2008) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.4 , pp. 255-264
    • Frisoni, G.B.1    Henneman, W.J.2    Weiner, M.W.3    Scheltens, P.4    Vellas, B.5    Reynish, E.6
  • 55
    • 0037007045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the evolution of regional atrophy in Alzheimer's disease: Unbiased analysis of fluid-registered serial MRI
    • Scahill RI, Schott JM, Stevens JM, Rossor MN, Fox NC. Mapping the evolution of regional atrophy in Alzheimer's disease: unbiased analysis of fluid-registered serial MRI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:4703-7.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 4703-4707
    • Scahill, R.I.1    Schott, J.M.2    Stevens, J.M.3    Rossor, M.N.4    Fox, N.C.5
  • 58
    • 77955474927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: Annual change in biomarkers and clinical outcomes
    • Beckett LA, Harvey DJ, Gamst A, Donohue M, Kornak J, Zhang H, et al. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: annual change in biomarkers and clinical outcomes. Alzheimers Dement. 2010;6:257-64.
    • (2010) Alzheimers Dement. , vol.6 , pp. 257-264
    • Beckett, L.A.1    Harvey, D.J.2    Gamst, A.3    Donohue, M.4    Kornak, J.5    Zhang, H.6
  • 59
    • 0028262405 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of Alzheimer's disease: Measurement, rate, and predictors of cognitive deterioration
    • Stern RG, Mohs RC, Davidson M, Schmeidler J, Silverman J, Kramer-Ginsberg E, et al. A longitudinal study of Alzheimer's disease: measurement, rate, and predictors of cognitive deterioration. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:390-6.
    • (1994) Am J Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 390-396
    • Stern, R.G.1    Mohs, R.C.2    Davidson, M.3    Schmeidler, J.4    Silverman, J.5    Kramer-Ginsberg, E.6
  • 62
    • 0033528436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Rösler M, Anand R, Cicin-Sain A, Gauthier S, Agid Y, Dal-Bianco P, et al. Efficacy and safety of rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. BMJ. 1999;318:633-40.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 633-640
    • Rösler, M.1    Anand, R.2    Cicin-Sain, A.3    Gauthier, S.4    Agid, Y.5    Dal-Bianco, P.6
  • 63
    • 0031883716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 24-week, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Rogers SL, Farlow MR, Doody RS, Mohs R, Friedhoff LT. A 24-week, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 1998;50:136-45.
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , pp. 136-145
    • Rogers, S.L.1    Farlow, M.R.2    Doody, R.S.3    Mohs, R.4    Friedhoff, L.T.5
  • 64
    • 67349262023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: An updated meta-analysis
    • Wang B, Wang H, Wei Z, Song Y, Zhang L, Chen H. Efficacy and safety of natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: an updated meta-analysis. J Neural Transm. 2009;116:457-65.
    • (2009) J Neural Transm. , vol.116 , pp. 457-465
    • Wang, B.1    Wang, H.2    Wei, Z.3    Song, Y.4    Zhang, L.5    Chen, H.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.