Prescription stimulant use is associated with earlier onset of psychosis

Journal of Psychiatric Research

Volumn 71, Issue , 2015, Pages 41-47

  Moran, Lauren V ^a   Masters, Grace A ^a   Pingali, Samira ^a   Cohen, Bruce M ^a   Liebson, Elizabeth ^a   Rajarethinam, R P ^a   Ongur, Dost ^a  

^a MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Amphetamine; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Methylphenidate; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

AMPHETAMINE; ATOMOXETINE; CANNABIS; METHYLPHENIDATE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CANNABIS USE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG ABUSE; DRUG EXPOSURE; DRUG USE; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ONSET AGE; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SEX DIFFERENCE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

ADULT; AGE OF ONSET; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 84945910678     PISSN: 00223956     EISSN: 18791379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.09.012     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Baeza I., Graell M., Moreno D., Castro-Fornieles J., Parellada M., González-Pinto A., et al. Cannabis use in children and adolescents with first episode psychosis: influence on psychopathology and short-term outcome (CAFEPS study). Schizophr. Res. 2009 Sep, 113(2-3):129-137.
2. Becker J.B. Gender differences in dopaminergic function in striatum and nucleus accumbens. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1999 Dec, 64(4):803-812.
3. Bersani G., Orlandi V., Kotzalidis G.D., Pancheri P. Cannabis and schizophrenia: impact on onset, course, psychopathology and outcomes. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2002 Apr, 252(2):86-92.
4. Biederman J., Fried R., Petty C., Mahoney L., Faraone S.V. An examination of the impact of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on IQ: a large controlled family-based analysis. Can. J. Psychiatry Rev. Can. Psychiatr. 2012 Oct, 57(10):608-616.
5. Bloom B., Jones L., Freeman G. Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children: National Health Interview Survey, 2012 2013, vol. 10 (258). National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat.
6. Boileau I., Dagher A., Leyton M., Gunn R.N., Baker G.B., Diksic M., et al. Modeling sensitization to stimulants in humans: an [11C] raclopride/positron emission tomography study in healthy men. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2006 Dec, 63(12):1386-1395.
7. Breitborde N.J.K., Srihari V.H., Woods S.W. Review of the operational definition for first-episode psychosis. Early Interv. Psychiatry 2009 Nov, 3(4):259-265.
8. Callaghan R.C., Cunningham J.K., Allebeck P., Arenovich T., Sajeev G., Remington G., et al. Methamphetamine use and schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study in California. Am. J. Psychiatry 2012 Apr, 169(4):389-396.
9. Cantwell R., Brewin J., Glazebrook C., Dalkin T., Fox R., Medley I., et al. Prevalence of substance misuse in first-episode psychosis. Br. J. Psychiatry J. Ment. Sci. 1999 Feb, 174:150-153.
10. Chai G., Governale L., McMahon A.W., Trinidad J.P., Staffa J., Murphy D. Trends of outpatient prescription drug utilization in US children, 2002-2010. Pediatrics 2012 Jul, 130(1):23-31.
11. Cherland E., Fitzpatrick R. Psychotic side effects of psychostimulants: a 5-year review. Can. J. Psychiatry Rev. Can. Psychiatr. 1999 Oct, 44(8):811-813.
12. Compton M.T., Kelley M.E., Ramsay C.E., Pringle M., Goulding S.M., Esterberg M.L., et al. Association of pre-onset cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use with age at onset of prodrome and age at onset of psychosis in first-episode patients. Am. J. Psychiatry 2009 Nov, 166(11):1251-1257.
13. Connell P.H. Amphetamine Psychosis 1958, Chapman & Hall, London.
14. Cox E.R., Halloran D.R., Homan S.M., Welliver S., Mager D.E. Trends in the prevalence of chronic medication use in children: 2002-2005. Pediatrics 2008 Nov 1, 122(5):e1053-e1061.
15. Crawford J.R., Deary I.J., Starr J., Whalley L.J. The NART as an index of prior intellectual functioning: a retrospective validity study covering a 66-year interval. Psychol. Med. 2001 Apr, 31(3):451-458.
16. Curran C., Byrappa N., McBride A. Stimulant psychosis: systematic review. Br. J. Psychiatry J. Ment. Sci. 2004 Sep, 185:196-204.
17. Dalsgaard S., Mortensen P.B., Frydenberg M., Maibing C.M., Nordentoft M., Thomsen P.H. Association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood and schizophrenia later in adulthood. Eur. Psychiatry J. Assoc. Eur. Psychiatr. 2014 May, 29(4):259-263.
18. Elman I., Sigler M., Kronenberg J., Lindenmayer J.P., Doron A., Mendlovic S., et al. Characteristics of patients with schizophrenia successive to childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Isr. J. Psychiatry Relat. Sci. 1998, 35(4):280-286.
19. Giordano G.N., Ohlsson H., Sundquist K., Sundquist J., Kendler K.S. The association between cannabis abuse and subsequent schizophrenia: a Swedish national co-relative control study. Psychol. Med. 2015 Jan, 45(02):407-414.
20. Gorwood P., Leboyer M., Jay M., Payan C., Feingold J. Gender and age at onset in schizophrenia: impact of family history. Am. J. Psychiatry 1995 Feb, 152(2):208-212.
21. Gureje O. Gender and schizophrenia: age at onset and sociodemographic attributes. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1991 May, 83(5):402-405.
22. Hall K.M., Irwin M.M., Bowman K.A., Frankenberger W., Jewett D.C. Illicit use of prescribed stimulant medication among college students. J. Am. Coll. Health 2005 Jan, 53(4):167-174.
23. Hamamura T., Akiyama K., Akimoto K., Kashihara K., Okumura K., Ujike H., et al. Co-administration of either a selective D1 or D2 dopamine antagonist with methamphetamine prevents methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization and neurochemical change, studied by in vivo intracerebral dialysis. Brain Res. 1991 Apr 12, 546(1):40-46.
24. Hartung C.M., Canu W.H., Cleveland C.S., Lefler E.K., Mignogna M.J., Fedele D.A., et al. Stimulant medication use in college students: comparison of appropriate users, misusers, and nonusers. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 2013, 27(3):832-840.
25. Hayes A.F., Cai L. Using heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error estimators in OLS regression: an introduction and software implementation. Behav. Res. Methods 2007 Nov, 39(4):709-722.
26. Horton N.J., Kleinman K.P. Much ado about nothing: a comparison of missing data methods and software to fit incomplete data regression models. Am. Stat. 2007 Feb, 61(1):79-90.
27. Howes O.D., Kambeitz J., Kim E., Stahl D., Slifstein M., Abi-Dargham A., et al. The nature of dopamine dysfunction in schizophrenia and what this means for treatment. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2012 Aug, 69(8):776-786.
28. Howes O.D., Montgomery A.J., Asselin M.-C., Murray R.M., Valli I., Tabraham P., et al. Elevated striatal dopamine function linked to prodromal signs of schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2009 Jan 1, 66(1):13.
29. Kahn R.S., Keefe R.S.E. Schizophrenia is a cognitive illness: time for a change in focus. JAMA Psychiatry 2013 Oct 1, 70(10):1107.
30. Karatekin C., White T., Bingham C. Shared and nonshared symptoms in youth-onset psychosis and ADHD. J. Atten. Disord. 2010 Sep 1, 14(2):121-131.
31. Khandaker G.M., Barnett J.H., White I.R., Jones P.B. A quantitative meta-analysis of population-based studies of premorbid intelligence and schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2011 Nov, 132(2-3):220-227.
32. Knopf H., Holling H., Huss M., Schlack R. Prevalence, determinants and spectrum of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication of children and adolescents in Germany: results of the German health interview and examination Survey (KiGGS). BMJ Open 2012 Nov 23, 2(6). e000477-e000477.
33. Lakhan S.E., Kirchgessner A. Prescription stimulants in individuals with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: misuse, cognitive impact, and adverse effects. Brain Behav. 2012 Sep, 2(5):661-677.
34. Large M., Sharma S., Compton M.T., Slade T., Nielssen O. Cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis: a systematic meta-analysis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2011 Jun, 68(6):555-561.
35. Laruelle M., Abi-Dargham A., van Dyck C.H., Gil R., D'Souza C.D., Erdos J., et al. Single photon emission computerized tomography imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in drug-free schizophrenic subjects. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1996 Aug 20, 93(17):9235-9240.
36. Laruelle M., Abi-Dargham A., Gil R., Kegeles L., Innis R. Increased dopamine transmission in schizophrenia: relationship to illness phases. Biol. Psychiatry 1999 Jul 1, 46(1):56-72.
37. Lay B., Blanz B., Hartmann M., Schmidt M.H. The psychosocial outcome of adolescent-onset schizophrenia: a 12-year followup. Schizophr. Bull. 2000, 26(4):801-816.
38. Liu J.J., Norman R.M.G., Manchanda R., De Luca V. Admixture analysis of age at onset in schizophrenia: evidence of three subgroups in a first-episode sample. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2013 Dec, 35(6):664-667.
39. Maibing C.F., Pedersen C.B., Benros M.E., Mortensen P.B., Dalsgaard S., Nordentoft M. Risk of schizophrenia increases after all child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: a nationwide study. Schizophr. Bull. 2015 Jul, 41(4):963-970.
40. McKetin R., McLaren J., Lubman D.I., Hides L. The prevalence of psychotic symptoms among methamphetamine users. Addict. Abingdon Engl. 2006 Oct, 101(10):1473-1478.
41. Meltzer H.Y., Rabinowitz J., Lee M.A., Cola P.A., Ranjan R., Findling R.L., et al. Age at onset and gender of schizophrenic patients in relation to neuroleptic resistance. Am. J. Psychiatry 1997 Apr, 154(4):475-482.
42. Ongür D., Lin L., Cohen B.M. Clinical characteristics influencing age at onset in psychotic disorders. Compr. Psychiatry 2009 Feb, 50(1):13-19.
43. Peralta V., de Jalón E.G., Campos M.S., Zandio M., Sanchez-Torres A., Cuesta M.J. The meaning of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity symptoms in patients with a first-episode of schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis. Schizophr. Res. 2011 Mar, 126(1-3):28-35.
44. Polderman T.J.C., Boomsma D.I., Bartels M., Verhulst F.C., Huizink A.C. A systematic review of prospective studies on attention problems and academic achievement. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2010 Oct, 122(4):271-284.
45. Power B.D., Stefanis N.C., Dragovic M., Jablensky A., Castle D., Morgan V. Age at initiation of amphetamine use and age at onset of psychosis: the Australian survey of high impact psychosis. Schizophr. Res. 2014 Jan, 152(1):300-302.
46. Rabinowitz J., Bromet E.J., Lavelle J., Carlson G., Kovasznay B., Schwartz J.E. Prevalence and severity of substance use disorders and onset of psychosis in first-admission psychotic patients. Psychol. Med. 1998 Nov, 28(6):1411-1419.
47. Rabinowitz J., Levine S.Z., Häfner H. A population based elaboration of the role of age of onset on the course of schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2006 Dec, 88(1-3):96-101.
48. Roeding R.L., Perna M.K., Cummins E.D., Peterson D.J., Palmatier M.I., Brown R.W. Sex differences in adolescent methylphenidate sensitization: effects on glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Behav. Brain Res. 2014 Oct, 273:139-143.
49. Rommel A.S., Rijsdijk F., Greven C.U., Asherson P., Kuntsi J. A longitudinal twin study of the direction of effects between ADHD symptoms and IQ. PloS One 2015, 10(4). e0124357.
50. Ross R.G. Psychotic and manic-like symptoms during stimulant treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 2006 Jul, 163(7):1149-1152.
51. Sato M. A lasting vulnerability to psychosis in patients with previous methamphetamine psychosis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1992 Jun 28, 654:160-170.
52. Sato M., Numachi Y., Hamamura T. Relapse of paranoid psychotic state in methamphetamine model of schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 1992, 18(1):115-122.
53. Scheffler R.M., Hinshaw S.P., Modrek S., Levine P. The global market for ADHD medications. Health Aff. (Millwood) 2007 Mar 1, 26(2):450-457.
54. Soendergaard H.M., Thomsen P.H., Pedersen P., Pedersen E., Poulsen A.E., Nielsen J.M., et al. Education, occupation and risk-taking behaviour among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Dan. Med. J. 2015 Mar, 61(3).
55. Suvisaari J.M., Haukka J., Tanskanen A., Lönnqvist J.K. Age at onset and outcome in schizophrenia are related to the degree of familial loading. Br. J. Psychiatry J. Ment. Sci. 1998 Dec, 173:494-500.
56. Tatetsu S., Goto A., Fujiwara T. The Methamphetamine Psychosis (In Japanese) 1956, Igakushoin, Tokyo.
57. Van Buuren S., Boshuizen H.C., Knook D.L. Multiple imputation of missing blood pressure covariates in survival analysis. Stat. Med. 1999 Mar 30, 18(6):681-694.
58. Vanderschuren L.J., Schmidt E.D., De Vries T.J., Van Moorsel C.A., Tilders F.J., Schoffelmeer A.N. A single exposure to amphetamine is sufficient to induce long-term behavioral, neuroendocrine, and neurochemical sensitization in rats. J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci. 1999 Nov 1, 19(21):9579-9586.
59. Vezina P. Sensitization, drug addiction and psychopathology in animals and humans. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 2007 Nov 15, 31(8):1553-1555.
60. Wolter A., Wolfgang Preuss U., Richard Krischke N., Mooi Wong W., Zimmermann J. Remission, prediction and stability of symptoms in schizophrenia: a naturalistic 12-month follow-up study. Int. J. Psychiatry Clin. Pract. 2010 Sep, 14(3):160-167.
61. Zeidler J., Slawik L., Fleischmann J., Greiner W. The costs of schizophrenia and predictors of hospitalisation from the statutory health insurance perspective. Health Econ. Rev. 2012, 2(1):9.
62. Zuvekas S.H., Vitiello B. Stimulant medication use in children: a 12-year perspective. Am. J. Psychiatry 2012 Feb, 169(2):160-166.