Energy efficiency breakdown of reverse osmosis and its implications on future innovation roadmap for desalination

Desalination

Volumn 368, Issue , 2015, Pages 181-192

  Shrivastava, Abhishek ^a   Rosenberg, Steven ^a   Peery, Martin ^a  

^a DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

Brackish water desalination; Desalination; Desalination thermodynamics; Energy efficiency; Gibbs free energy; Membrane desalination; Reverse osmosis; Seawater desalination; Specific energy breakdown; Specific energy consumption; Thermodynamic minimum energy of separation

Indexed keywords

DESALINATION; ENERGY UTILIZATION; FREE ENERGY; GIBBS FREE ENERGY; MECHANICAL PERMEABILITY; OSMOSIS MEMBRANES; REVERSE OSMOSIS; SEAWATER; THERMODYNAMICS; WATER FILTRATION;

BRACKISH WATER DESALINATIONS; MEMBRANE DESALINATION; MINIMUM ENERGY; SEAWATER DESALINATION; SPECIFIC ENERGY; SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION;

ENERGY EFFICIENCY;

EID: 84945441311     PISSN: 00119164     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.01.005     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/worldpop/table-population.php
2. S. Chu, and A. Majumdar Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future Nature 488 7411 2012 294 303
3. D. Tilman, and et al. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108 50 2011 20260 20264
4. R.F. Service Desalination freshens up Science 313 5790 2006 1088 1090
5. Energy Demands on Water Resources 2006
6. M. Bazilian, and et al. Considering the energy, water and food nexus: towards an integrated modelling approach Energy Policy 39 12 2011 7896 7906
7. A.Y. Ku, and A.P. Shapiro The energy-water nexus: water use trends in sustainable energy and opportunities for materials research and development MRS Bull. 37 04 2012 439 447
8. J. Macknick, and et al. Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature Environ. Res. Lett. 7 4 2012 045802
9. R. Pate, and et al. Overview of energy-water interdependencies and the emerging energy demands on water resources Report SAND 2007
10. T. Younos, R. Hill, and H. Poole Water dependency of energy production and power generation systems Water Resour. Impact 14 1 2012 9 12
11. C. Fritzmann, and et al. State-of-the-art of reverse osmosis desalination Desalination 216 1-3 2007 1 76
12. N. Ghaffour, T.M. Missimer, and G.L. Amy Technical review and evaluation of the economics of water desalination: current and future challenges for better water supply sustainability Desalination 309 2013 197 207
13. E. Lapuente Full cost in desalination. A case study of the Segura River Basin Desalination 300 2012 40 45
14. J.E. Miller Review of Water Resources and Desalination Technologies 2003
15. M. Elimelech, and W.A. Phillip The future of seawater desalination: energy, technology, and the environment Science 333 6043 2011 712 717
16. E.L. Cussler, and B.K. Dutta On separation efficiency AICHE J. 58 12 2012 3825 3831
17. K. Mistry, and J. Lienhard Generalized least energy of separation for desalination and other chemical separation processes Entropy 15 6 2013 2046 2080
18. M.H. Sharqawy, S.M. Zubair, and J.H. Lienhard V Second law analysis of reverse osmosis desalination plants: an alternative design using pressure retarded osmosis Energy 36 11 2011 6617 6626
19. J.M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness, and M.M. Abbott Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 5th ed. 1996 McGraw-Hill New York
20. S.L. Sandler Chemical and Engineering Thermodynamics 3rd ed. 1999 John Wiley and Sons
21. K.S. Pitzer Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions 2nd ed. 1991 CRC Press
22. R.A. Robinson, and R.H. Stokes Electrolyte Solutions 2 Revised ed. 2002 Dover Publications
23. N.Y. Yip, and M. Elimelech Thermodynamic and energy efficiency analysis of power generation from natural salinity gradients by pressure retarded osmosis Environ. Sci. Technol. 46 9 2012 5230 5239
24. C. Liu, K. Rainwater, and L. Song Energy analysis and efficiency assessment of reverse osmosis desalination process Desalination 276 1-3 2011 352 358
25. B.J. Feinberg, G.Z. Ramon, and E.M.V. Hoek Thermodynamic analysis of osmotic energy recovery at a reverse osmosis desalination plant Environ. Sci. Technol. 47 6 2013 2982 2989
26. A. Shrivastava, S. Rosenberg, and M. Peery Maximizing seawater reverse osmosis energy efficiency with high permeability membranes and system design International Desalination Association World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse 2013 2013 IDA Tianjin, China
27. L.A. Bromley, and et al. Thermodynamic properties of sea salt solutions AICHE J. 20 2 1974 326 335
28. M. Sorin, S. Jedrzejak, and C. Bouchard On maximum power of reverse osmosis separation processes Desalination 190 1-3 2006 212 220
29. C. Bartels, and et al. Industry Consortium Analysis of Large Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration Element Diameters 2005
30. T. Younos The economics of desalination J. Contemp. Water Res. Educ. 132 1 2005 39 45
31. A. Efraty Closed circuit desalination series no-4: high recovery low energy desalination of brackish water by a new single stage method without any loss of brine energy Desalin. Water Treat. 42 1-3 2012 262 268
32. A. Efraty, R.N. Barak, and Z. Gal Closed circuit desalination series no-2: new affordable technology for sea water desalination of low energy and high flux using short modules without need of energy recovery Desalin. Water Treat. 42 1-3 2012 189 196
33. H.A.I.L. Efraty Avi Continuous Closed-circuit Desalination Apparatus Without Containers 2010 (US20100270237A1)
34. I.L. Efraty Avi Variable Pressure Closed Circuit Desalination | dessalement en circuit ferme sous pression variable 2003 (WO2003013704A2)
35. R.L. Stover Industrial and brackish water treatment with closed circuit reverse osmosis Desalin. Water Treat. 51 4-6 2012 1124 1130
36. E. Cadotte John, and M.M.N.U.S. Interfacially Synthesized Reverse Osmosis Membrane 1981 (US4277344A)
37. D.R. Paul Reformulation of the solution-diffusion theory of reverse osmosis J. Membr. Sci. 241 2 2004 371 386
38. J. Wijmans, and R. Baker The solution-diffusion model: a review J. Membr. Sci. 107 1 1995 1 21
39. A. Yaroshchuk, M.L. Bruening, and E.E. Licón Bernal Solution-diffusion-electro-migration model and its uses for analysis of nanofiltration, pressure-retarded osmosis and forward osmosis in multi-ionic solutions J. Membr. Sci. 447 0 2013 463 476
40. D. Van Gauwbergen, and J. Baeyens Modelling reverse osmosis by irreversible thermodynamics Sep. Purif. Technol. 13 2 1998 117 128
41. N.G. Voros, Z.B. Maroulis, and D. Marinos-Kouris Salt and water permeability in reverse osmosis membranes Desalination 104 3 1996 141 154
42. A. Heintz, and W. Stephan A generalized solution-diffusion model of the pervaporation process through composite membranes Part II. Concentration polarization, coupled diffusion and the influence of the porous support layer J. Membr. Sci. 89 1-2 1994 153 169
43. A. Heintz, and W. Stephan A generalized solution-diffusion model of the pervaporation process through composite membranes Part I. Prediction of mixture solubilities in the dense active layer using the UNIQUAC model J. Membr. Sci. 89 1-2 1994 143 151
44. A.E. Yaroshchuk, and S.S. Dukhin Phenomenological theory of reverse osmosis in macroscopically homogeneous membranes and its specification for the capillary space-charge model J. Membr. Sci. 79 2-3 1993 133 158
45. A.E. Yaroshchuk The role of imperfections in the solute transfer in nanofiltration J. Membr. Sci. 239 1 2004 9 15
46. A.E. Yaroshchuk Rejection of single salts versus transmembrane volume flow in RO/NF: thermodynamic properties, model of constant coefficients, and its modification J. Membr. Sci. 198 2 2002 285 297
47. A.E. Yaroshchuk Solution-diffusion-imperfection model revised J. Membr. Sci. 101 1-2 1995 83 87
48. D.J. Forgach, G.D. Rose, and N.E. Luteneske Characterization of composite membranes by their non-equilibrium thermodynamic transport parameters Desalination 80 2-3 1991 275 292
49. F. Fibiger Richard, and et al. Rejection Enhancing Coatings for Reverse Osmosis, Membranes 1989 (EP300428A2)
50. H. Ju, and et al. Characterization of sodium chloride and water transport in crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogels J. Membr. Sci. 358 1-2 2010 131 141
51. S. Kim, and E.M.V. Hoek Modeling concentration polarization in reverse osmosis processes Desalination 186 1-3 2005 111 128
52. C. Liu, and et al. Modeling of concentration polarization in a reverse osmosis channel with parabolic crossflow Water Environ. Res. 86 1 2014 56 62
53. S. Ma, and L. Song Numerical study on permeate flux enhancement by spacers in a crossflow reverse osmosis channel J. Membr. Sci. 284 1 + 2 2006 102 109
54. L. Song Concentration polarization in a narrow reverse osmosis membrane channel AICHE J. 56 1 2010 143 149
55. L. Song, and S. Ma Numerical studies of the impact of spacer geometry on concentration polarization in spiral wound membrane modules Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 44 20 2005 7638 7645
56. L. Song, and S. Yu Concentration polarization in cross-flow reverse osmosis AICHE J. 45 5 1999 921 928
57. J.E. Johnson, and M. Busch Engineering aspects of reverse osmosis module design Desalin. Water Treat. 15 2010 236 248
58. G. Schock, and A. Miquel Mass transfer and pressure loss in spiral wound modules Desalination 64 1987 339 352
59. M.B. Boudinar, W.T. Hanbury, and S. Avlonitis Numerical simulation and optimisation of spiral-wound modules Desalination 86 3 1992 273 290
60. L. Song, and M. Elimelech Theory of concentration polarization in crossflow filtration J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 91 19 1995 3389 3398
61. F. Li, and et al. Optimization of commercial net spacers in spiral wound membrane modules J. Membr. Sci. 208 1-2 2002 289 302
62. J. Schwinge, D.E. Wiley, and D.F. Fletcher Simulation of the flow around spacer filaments between narrow channel walls. 1. Hydrodynamics Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 41 12 2002 2977 2987
63. A.D. Stroock, and et al. Chaotic mixer for microchannels Science (Washington, DC, U. S.) 295 5555 2002 647 651
64. F. Li, and et al. Experimental validation of CFD mass transfer simulations in flat channels with non-woven net spacers J. Membr. Sci. 232 1-2 2004 19 30
65. J. Schwinge, and et al. Spiral wound modules and spacers: review and analysis J. Membr. Sci. 242 1-2 2004 129 153
66. J. Schwinge, D.E. Wiley, and A.G. Fane Novel spacer design improves observed flux J. Membr. Sci. 229 1-2 2004 53 61
67. S. Kim, and E.M.V. Hoek Modeling concentration polarization in reverse osmosis processes Desalination 186 1-3 2005 111 128
68. F. Li, and et al. Novel spacers for mass transfer enhancement in membrane separations J. Membr. Sci. 253 1-2 2005 1 12
69. C.P. Koutsou, S.G. Yiantsios, and A.J. Karabelas Direct numerical simulation of flow in spacer-filled channels: effect of spacer geometrical characteristics J. Membr. Sci. 291 1-2 2007 53 69
70. A. Shrivastava, S. Kumar, and E.L. Cussler Predicting the effect of membrane spacers on mass transfer J. Membr. Sci. 323 2 2008 247 256
71. G. Guillen, and E.M.V. Hoek Modeling the impacts of feed spacer geometry on reverse osmosis and nanofiltration processes Chem. Eng. J. 149 1-3 2009 221 231
72. A. Saeed, and et al. Effect of feed spacer arrangement on flow dynamics through spacer filled membranes Desalination 285 2012 163 169
73. J. Liu, and et al. Static mixing spacers for spiral wound modules J. Membr. Sci. 442 2013 140 148
74. E.L. Cussler Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems 3rd ed. 2009 Cambridge University Press 647
75. W.W. Ho, and K.K. Sirkar Membrane Handbook 1992 Springer US
76. S. Ma, and et al. A 2-D streamline upwind Petrov/Galerkin finite element model for concentration polarization in spiral wound reverse osmosis modules J. Membr. Sci. 244 1-2 2004 129 139
77. S. Sundaramoorthy, G. Srinivasan, and D.V.R. Murthy An analytical model for spiral wound reverse osmosis membrane modules: part II - experimental validation Desalination 277 1-3 2011 257 264
78. D. Kaya, and et al. Energy efficiency in pumps Energy Convers. Manag. 49 6 2008 1662 1673
79. M. Wilf, and C. Bartels Optimization of seawater RO systems design Desalination 173 1 2005 1 12
80. T. Manth, M. Gabor, and E. Oklejas Jr. Minimizing RO energy consumption under variable conditions of operation Desalination 157 1-3 2003 9 21
81. O.M. Al-Hawaj The work exchanger for reverse osmosis plants Desalination 157 1-3 2003 23 27
82. P. Geisler, W. Krumm, and T.A. Peters Reduction of the energy demand for seawater RO with the pressure exchange systems PES Desalination 135 1-3 2001 205 210
83. C. Harris Energy recovery for membrane desalination Desalination 125 1-3 1999 173 180
84. R.L. Stover Development of a fourth generation energy recovery device. A 'CTO's notebook' Desalination 165 2004 313 321
85. E.M.V. Hoek, and et al. Modeling the effects of fouling on full-scale reverse osmosis processes J. Membr. Sci. 314 1-2 2008 33 49
86. D.L. Shaffer, and et al. Seawater desalination for agriculture by integrated forward and reverse osmosis: improved product water quality for potentially less energy J. Membr. Sci. 415-416 2012 1 8
87. M.A. Shannon, and et al. Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades Nature 452 7185 2008 301 310
88. K.P. Lee, T.C. Arnot, and D. Mattia A review of reverse osmosis membrane materials for desalination - development to date and future potential J. Membr. Sci. 370 1-2 2011 1 22
89. A.C. Sagle, and et al. PEG-coated reverse osmosis membranes: desalination properties and fouling resistance J. Membr. Sci. 340 1-2 2009 92 108
90. P.A. Araújo, and et al. The potential of standard and modified feed spacers for biofouling control J. Membr. Sci. 403-404 2012 58 70
91. J.S. Vrouwenvelder, and et al. Biofouling of spiral-wound nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes: a feed spacer problem Water Res. 43 3 2009 583 594