The Association Between Benzodiazepine Use and Depression Outcomes in Older Veterans

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology

Volumn 28, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 281-287

  Leggett, Amanda ^a   Kavanagh, Janet ^a   Zivin, Kara ^a,b,c   Chiang, Claire ^a,b   Kim, Hyungjin M ^c   Kales, Helen C ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

adherence; antidepressants; benzodiazepines; depression; veterans

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; AGED; ANXIETY DISORDER; ANXIETY SENSITIVITY INDEX; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; MIDDLE AGED; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE 9; PERSONALITY DISORDER; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REMISSION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SELF REPORT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VETERAN; ANXIETY; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; PERSONALITY DISORDERS; PSYCHOLOGY; REPRODUCIBILITY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANXIETY; ANXIETY DISORDERS; BENZODIAZEPINES; DEPRESSION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY DISORDERS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SELF REPORT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VETERANS;

EID: 84945300883     PISSN: 08919887     EISSN: 15525708     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0891988715598227     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Cooper C, Bebbington P, McManus S, et al. The treatment of common mental disorders across age groups: results from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. J Affect Disord. 2010; 127 (1-3): 96-101.
2. Jorm AF, Grayson D, Creasey H, Waite L, Broe GA,. Long-term benzodiazepine use by elderly people living in the community. Aust NZ J Publ Health. 2000; 24 (1): 7-10.
3. Lee D, Martini N, Moyes S, Hayman K, Zolezzi M, Kerse N,. Potentially inappropriate medication use: the Beers' Criteria used among older adults with depressive symptoms. J Prim Health Care. 2013; 5 (3): 182-190.
4. Aparasu RR, Mort JR, Brandt H,. Psychotropic prescription use by community-dwelling elderly in the United States. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003; 51 (5): 671-677.
5. Gray SL, Eggen AE, Blough D, Buchner D, LaCroix AZ,. Benzodiazepine use in older adults enrolled in a health maintenance organization. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003; 11 (5): 568-576.
6. Mamdani M, Rapoport M, Shulman KI, Herrmann N, Rochon PA,. Mental health-related drug utilization among older adults: prevalence, trends, and costs. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005; 13 (10): 892-900.
7. Voyer P, Préville M, Cohen D, Berbiche D, Béland SG,. The prevalence of benzodiazepine dependence among community-dwelling older adult users in Quebec according to typical and atypical criteria. Can J Aging. 2010; 29 (2): 205-213.
8. Davidson JR,. Major depressive disorder treatment guidelines in America and Europe. J Clin Psychiat. 2010; 71 (suppl e1): e04.
9. Egan M, Moride Y, Wolfson C, Monette J,. Long-term continuous use of benzodiazepines by older adults in Quebec: prevalence, incidence and risk factors. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000; 48 (7): 811-816.
10. McMillan JMMD, Aitken EBM, Holroyd-Leduc JMMD,. Management of insomnia and long-term use of sedative-hypnotic drugs in older patients. Can Med Assoc J. 2013; 185 (17): 1499-1505.
11. Simon GE, Ludman EJ,. Outcome of new benzodiazepine prescriptions to older adults in primary care. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2006; 28 (5): 374-378.
12. Cook J, Marshall R, Masci C, Coyne J,. Physicians' perspectives on prescribing benzodiazepines for older adults: a qualitative study. J Gen Intern Med. 2007; 22 (3): 303-307.
13. Assem-Hilger E, Jungwirth S, Weissgram S, Kirchmeyr W, Fischer P, Barnas C,. Benzodiazepine use in the elderly: an indicator for inappropriately treated geriatric depression? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009; 24 (6): 563-569.
14. Pfeiffer PN, Ganoczy D, Zivin K, Valenstein M,. Benzodiazepines and adequacy of initial antidepressant treatment for depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011; 31 (3): 360.
15. Furukawa T, Streiner D, Young L, Kinoshita Y,. Antidepressants plus benzodiazepines for major depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001; 2: CD001026.
16. Furukawa T, Streiner D, Young L,. Antidepressant and benzodiazepine for major depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(1): CD001026.
17. Kales HC, Nease DE Jr, Sirey JA, et al. Racial differences in adherence to antidepressant treatment in later life. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013; 21 (10): 999-1009.
18. Callahan CM, Unverzagt FW, Hui SL, Perkins AJ, Hendrie HC,. Six-item screener to identify cognitive impairment among potential subjects for clinical research. Med Care. 2002; 40 (9): 771-781.
19. Kroenke K, Spitzer R,. The PHQ -9: a new depression diagnostic and severity measure. Psychiatr Ann. 2002; 32 (9): 1-7.
20. Sirey JA, Bruce ML, Alexopoulos GS, Perlick DA, Friedman SJ, Meyers BS,. Stigma as a barrier to recovery: perceived stigma and patient-rated severity of illness as predictors of antidepressant drug adherence. Psychiatr Serv. 2001; 52 (12): 1615-1620.
21. Sirey JA, Bruce ML, Alexopoulos GS, et al. Perceived stigma as a predictor of treatment discontinuation in young and older outpatients with depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2001; 158 (3): 479-481.
22. Valenstein M, Kim HM, Ganoczy D, et al. Higher-risk periods for suicide among VA patients receiving depression treatment: prioritizing suicide prevention efforts. J Affect Disord. 2009; 112 (1-3): 50-58.
23. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Löwe B,. The patient health questionnaire somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptom scales: a systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2010; 32 (4): 345-359.
24. McMillan D, Gilbody S, Richards D,. Defining successful treatment outcome in depression using the PHQ-9: a comparison of methods. J Affect Disord. 2010; 127 (1-3): 122-129.
25. The Management of MDD Working Group. VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Washington D.C., WA: Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Defense; 2009.
26. Svarstad BL, Chewning BA, Sleath BL, Claesson C,. The Brief Medication Questionnaire: a tool for screening patient adherence and barriers to adherence. Patient Educ Couns. 1999; 37 (2): 113-124.
27. Rickles NM, Svarstad BL,. Relationships between multiple self-reported nonadherence measures and pharmacy records. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2007; 3 (4): 363-377.
28. Valenstein M, Copeland LA, Blow FC, et al. Pharmacy data identify poorly adherent patients with schizophrenia at increased risk for admission. Med Care. 2002; 40 (8): 630-639.
29. Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD,. A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Medical Care. 1996; 34 (3): 220-233.
30. Lawton MP, Moss M, Fulcomer M, Kleban MH,. A research and service oriented multilevel assessment instrument. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1982; 37 (1): 91-99.
31. Deacon BJ, Abramowitz JS, Woods CM, Tolin DF,. The Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised: psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behav Res Ther. 2003; 41 (12): 1427-1449.
32. Zigmond AS, Snaith RP,. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983; 67 (6): 361-370.
33. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR,. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987; 40 (5): 373-383.
34. Wechsler D,. WMS-III: Wechsler Memory Scale Administration and Scoring Manual. Psychological Corporation; San Antonio, TX, 1997.
35. Graham JW,. Missing data analysis: making it work in the real world. Annu Rev Psychol. 2009; 60: 549-576.
36. Schafer JL, Graham JW,. Missing data: our view of the state of the art. Psychol Methods. 2002; 7 (2): 147-177.
37. Parraga Martinez I, Lopez-Torres Hidalgo J, Del Campo Del Campo JM, Villena Ferrer A, Morena Rayo S, Escobar Rabadan F,. Adherence to patients antidepressant treatment and the factors associated of non-compliance. Aten Primaria. 2014; 46 (7): 357-366.
38. Burra TA, Chen E, McIntyre RS, Grace SL, Blackmore ER, Stewart DE,. Predictors of self-reported antidepressant adherence. Behav Med. 2007; 32 (4): 127-134.
39. Fortney JC, Pyne JM, Edlund MJ, et al. Reasons for antidepressant nonadherence among veterans treated in primary care clinics. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011; 72 (6): 827-834.
40. Lee MS, Lee HY, Kang SG, et al. Variables influencing antidepressant medication adherence for treating outpatients with depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2010; 123 (1-3): 216-221.
41. Landi F, Onder G, Cesari M, et al. Psychotropic medications and risk for falls among community-dwelling frail older people: an observational study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005; 60 (5): 622-626.
42. Tamblyn R, Abrahamowicz M, Berger Rd, McLeod P, Bartlett G,. A 5-year prospective assessment of the risk associated with individual benzodiazepines and doses in new elderly users. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005; 53 (2): 233-241.
43. Wang PS, Bohn R, Glynn RJ, Mogun H, Avorn J,. Hazardous benzodiazepine regimens in the elderly: effects of half-life, dosage, and duration on risk of hip fracture. Am J Psychiatry. 2001; 158 (6): 892-898.
44. Gray SL, Penninx BWJH, Blough DK, et al. Benzodiazepine use and physical performance in community-dwelling older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003; 51 (11): 1563-1570.
45. Verdoux H, Lagnaoui R, Begaud B,. Is benzodiazepine use a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia? A literature review of epidemiological studies. Psychol Med. 2005; 35 (3): 307-315.
46. Hogan DB, Maxwell CJ, Fung TS, Ebly EM,. Prevalence and potential consequences of benzodiazepine use in senior citizens: results from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2003; 10 (2): 72-77.
47. Weich S, Pearce HL, Croft P, et al. Effect of anxiolytic and hypnotic drug prescriptions on mortality hazards: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2014; 348: g1996.
48. Shi L, Liu J, Koleva Y, Fonseca V, Kalsekar A, Pawaskar M,. Concordance of adherence measurement using self-reported adherence questionnaires and medication monitoring devices. Pharmacoeconomics. 2010; 28 (12): 1097-1107.