Single step transformation of sulphur to Li2S2/Li2S in Li-S batteries

Scientific Reports

Volumn 5, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Helen, M ^a   Reddy, M Anji ^a   Diemant, Thomas ^b   Golla Schindler, Ute ^b   Behm, R Jürgen ^a,b   Kaiser, Ute ^b   Fichtner, Maximilian ^a,c  

^a HELMHOLTZ INSTITUTE ULM HIU   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ULM   (Germany)

^c KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84945153028     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep12146     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Bruce, P. G., Freunberger, S. A., Hardwick, L. J. & Tarascon, J.-M. Li-O2 and Li-S batteries with high energy storage. Nat. Mater. 11, 19-29 (2012).
2. Melot, B. C. & Tarascon, J.-M. Design and Preparation of Materials for Advanced Electrochemical Storage. Acc. Chem. Res. 46 (5), 1226-1238 (2013).
3. Ji, X. & Nazar, L. F. Advances in Li-S batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 20, 9821-9826 (2010).
4. Ji, X., Lee, K. T. & Nazar, L. F. A highly ordered nanostructured carbon-sulphur cathode for lithium-sulphur batteries. Nat. Mater. 8, 500-506 (2009).
5. Manthiram, A., Fu, Y. & Su, Y. S. Challenges and Prospects of Lithium Sulfur Batteries. Acc. Chem. Res. 46, 1125-1134 (2013).
6. Dean, J. A. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry. 3rd ed., (McGraw-Hill Professional: New York, 1985).
7. Yang, Y. et al. High-Capacity Micrometer-Sized Li2S Particles as Cathode Materials for Advanced Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 15387-15394 (2012).
8. Rauh, R. D., Shuker, F. S., Marston, J. M. & Brummer, S. B. Formation of lithium polysulfides in aprotic media. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 39, 1761-1766 (1977).
9. Mikhaylik, Y. V. & Akridge J. R. Polysulfide shuttle study in the Li/S battery system. J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, A1969-A1976 (2004).
10. Yamin, H., Gorenshtein, A., Penciner, J., Sternberg, Y. & Peled, E. Lithium sulfur battery-oxidation reduction-mechanisms of polysulphides in THF solutions. J. Electrochem. Soc. 135, 1045-1048 (1988).
11. Shim, J., Striebel, K. A. & Cairns, E. J. The lithium sulfur rechargeable cell: effects of electrode composition and solvent on cell performance. J. Electrochem. Soc. 149 (10), A1321-A1325 (2002).
12. Barchasz, C. et al. Lithium/sulfur cell discharge mechanism: an original approach for intermediate species identification. Anal. Chem. 84, 3973-3980 (2012).
13. Scrosati, B., Hassoun J. & Y.-K. Sun, Lithium-ion batteries: a look into the future. Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 3287-3295 (2011).
14. Song, M.-K., Cairns E. J. & Zhang, Y. Lithium/sulfur batteries with high specific energy: old challenges and new opportunities. Nanoscale 5, 2186-2204 (2013).
15. Cheon, S. E. et al. Rechargeable Lithium Sulphur Battery I. Structural Change of Sulphur Cathode During Discharge and Charge. J. Electrochem. Soc. 150, A796- A799 (2003).
16. Ryu, H. S., Ahn, H. J., Kim, K. W., Ahn, J. H., Lee, J. Y. & Cairns, E. J. Discharge process of Li/PVdF/S cells at room temperature. J. Power Sources 140, 360-364 (2005).
17. Cheon, S. E. et al. Rechargeable Lithium Sulfur Battery II. Rate Capability and Cycle Characteristics. J. Electrochem. Soc. 150, A800-A805 (2003).
18. Jeon, B. H., Yeon, J. H., Kim, K. M. & Chung, I. J. Preparation and electrochemical properties of lithium-sulfur polymer batteries. J. Power Sources 109, 89-97 (2002).
19. Guo, J., Xu, Y. & Wang, C. Sulfur-Impregnated Disordered Carbon Nanotubes Cathode for Lithium-Sulphur Batteries. Nano Lett. 11, 4288-4294 (2011).
20. Zheng, G., Yang, Y., Cha, J. J., Hong, S. S. & Cui, Y. Hollow Carbon Nanofiber-Encapsulated Sulfur Cathodes for High Specific Capacity Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. Nano Lett. 11, 4462-4467 (2011).
21. Wang, J. et al. Sulfur composite cathode materials for rechargeable Lithium batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 13, 487-492 (2003).
22. Liang, C., Dudney, N. J. & Howe, J. Y. Hierarchically Structured Sulfur/Carbon Nanocomposite Material for High-Energy Lithium Battery. Chem. Mater. 21, 4724-4730 (2009).
23. Jayaprakash, N., Shen, J., Moganty, S. S., Corona, A. & Archer, L. A. Porous Hollow Carbon@Sulfur Composites for High-Power Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 50, 5904-5908 (2011).
24. Wei, S. et al. Pig bone derived hierarchical porous carbon and its enhanced cycling performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 736-740 (2011).
25. Zhang, B., Qin, X., Li, G. R. & Gao, X. P. Enhancement of long stability of sulfur cathode by encapsulating sulfur into micropores of carbon spheres. Energy Environ. Sci. 3, 1531-1537 (2010).
26. Schuster, J. et al. L. F. Spherical Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles with High Porosity for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (2012) 51, 3591-3595.
27. Li, Z. et al. A highly ordered meso@microporous carbon-supported sulphur@smaller sulfur core-shell structured cathode for Li-S batteries. ACS Nano, 8 (9), 9295-9303 (2014).
28. Wang, J. et al. Polymer lithium cells with sulfur composites as cathode materials. Electrochim. Acta 48, 1861-1867 (2003).
29. Gao, J., Lowe, M. A., Kiya Y. & Abruña, H. D. Effects of Liquid Electrolytes on the Charge-Discharge Performance of Rechargeable Lithium/Sulfur Batteries: Electrochemical and in-Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Studies. J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 25132-25137 (2011).
30. Yuan, L. X. et al. Improved dischargeability and reversibility of sulfur cathode in a novel ionic liquid electrolyte. Electrochem. Commun. 8, 610-614 (2006).
31. Shin J. H. & Cairns, E. J. Characterization of N-Methyl-N-Butylpyrrolidinium Bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide-LiTFSITetra( ethylene glycol) Dimethyl Ether Mixtures as a Li Metal Cell Electrolyte. J. Electrochem. Soc. 155, A368-A373 (2008).
32. Wang, J. et al. Sulfur-mesoporous carbon composites in conjunction with a novel ionic liquid electrolyte for lithium rechargeable batteries. Carbon 46 229-235 (2008).
33. Hassoun, J. & Scrosati, B. Moving to a Solid-State Configuration: A Valid Approach to Making Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Viable for Practical Applications. Adv. Mater. 22, 5198-5201(2010).
34. Hayashi, A., Ohtomo, T., Mizuno, F., Tadanaga, K. & Tatsumisago, M. All-solid-state Li/S batteries with highly conductive glass-ceramic electrolytes. Electrochem. Commun. 5, 701-705 (2003).
35. Su, Y.-S. & Manthiram, A. A New Approach to Improve Cycle Performance of Rechargeable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries by Inserting a Free-Standing MWCNT Interlayer. Chem. Commun. 48, 8817-8819 (2012).
36. Su, Y.-S. & Manthiram, A. Lithium Sulphur Batteries with a Microporous Carbon Paper as a Bifunctional Interlayer. Nat. Commun. 3, 1166, doi: 10.1038/ncomms2163 (2012).
37. Chung, S.-H. & Manthiram, A. High-Performance Li-S Batteries with an Ultra-lightweight MWCNT-Coated Separator. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5 (11), 1978-1983 (2014).
38. Chung, S.-H. & Manthiram, A. Bifunctional Separator with a Light-Weight Carbon-Coating for Dynamically and Statically Stable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 24, 5299-5306 (2014).
39. Zhou, G. et al. A Graphene-Pure-Sulfur Sandwich Structure for Ultrafast, Long-Life Lithium-Sulphur Batteries. Adv. Mater. 26, 625-631 (2014).
40. Zheng, S. et al. High Performance C/S Composite Cathodes with Conventional Carbonate-Based Electrolytes in Li-S Battery. Sci. Rep. 4, Article number: 4842 doi: 10.1038/srep04842.
41. Xin, S. et al. Smaller Sulfur Molecules Promise Better Lithium- Sulphur Batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 18510-18513 (2012).
42. Li, W. et al. Effects of carbonization temperatures on characteristics of porosity in coconut shell chars and activated carbons derived from carbonized coconut shell chars. Ind. Crop. Prod. 28, 190-198 (2008).
43. Jagiello, J. & Olivier, J. P. A simple two-dimensional NLDFT model of gas adsorption in finite carbon pores. Application to pore structure analysis. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 19382-19385 (2009).
44. Ravikovitch, P. I., Vishnyakov, A., Russo, R. & Neimark, A. V. Unified approach to pore size characterization of microporous carbonaceous materials from N2, Ar, and CO2 adsorption isotherms. Langmuir 16, 2311-2320 (2000).
45. Meyer, B. Elemental Sulfur. Chem. Rev. 76, 367-388 (1976).
46. Yin, Y.-X., Xin, S., Guo, Y.-G. & Wan, L.-J. Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Electrochemistry, Materials, and Prospects, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 52, 13186-13200 (2013).
47. Manthiram, A., Fu, Y., Chung, S.-H., Zu, C. & Su, Y.-S. Rechargeable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Chem. Rev. 114, 11751-11787 (2014).
48. Xin, S., Yin, Y.-X., Wan, L.-J. & Guo, Y.-G. Encapsulation of Sulfur in a Hollow Porous Carbon Substrate for Superior Li-S Batteries with Long Lifespan, Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 30, 321-325 (2013).
49. Li, Z. et al. Insight into the Electrode Mechanism in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with Ordered Microporous Carbon Confined Sulphur as the Cathode. Adv. Energy Mater. 4, 1301473 (2014) doi: 10.1002/aenm.201301473.
50. Ye, H., Yin, Y.-X., Xin, S. & Guo, Y.-G. Tuning the porous structure of carbon hosts for loading sulfur toward long lifespan cathode materials for Li-S batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 1, 6602-6608 (2013).
51. Ding, B. et al. Chemically tailoring the nanostructure of graphene nanosheets to confine sulfur for high-performance lithiumsulfur batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 1, 1096-1101 (2013).
52. Li, X. et al. Optimization of mesoporous carbon structures for lithium-sulfur battery applications. J. Mater. Chem. 21, 16603-16610 (2011).
53. Ismail, I., Noda, A., Nishimoto, A. & Watanabe, M. XPS study of lithium surface after contact with lithium-salt doped polymer electrolyte, Electrochim. Acta 46, 1595-1603 (2001).
54. Song, M.-K., Zhang, Y. & Cairns, E. J. A Long-Life, High-Rate Lithium/Sulfur Cell: A Multifaceted Approach to Enhancing Cell Performance, Nano Lett. 13, 5891-5899 (2013).
55. Wang, Z. et al. Enhancing lithium-sulphur battery performance by strongly binding the discharge products on aminofunctionalized reduced graphene oxide. Nat. Commun. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6002.
56. Moon, S. et al. Encapsulated Monoclinic Sulfur for Stable Cycling of Li-S Rechargeable Batteries, Adv. Mater. 25, 6547-6553 (2013).
57. Fujimori, T. et al. Conducting linear chains of sulphur inside carbon nanotubes, Nat. Commun. 4, Article number: 2162 doi: 10.1038/ncomms3162.
58. Foix, D., Gonbeau, D., Taillades, G., Pradel, A. & Ribes, M. The structure of ionically conductive chalcogenide glasses: a combined NMR, XPS and ab initio calculation study. Solid State Sci. 3, 235-243 (2001).