Do subjective memory complaints lead or follow objective cognitive change? A five-year population study of temporal influence

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Volumn 21, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 732-742

  Snitz, Beth E ^a   Small, Brent J ^b   Wang, Tianxiu ^a   Chang, Chung Chou H ^a   Hughes, Tiffany F ^a   Ganguli, Mary ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Age related memory disorders (MeSH); Aging; Anosognosia; Epidemiology; Latent change score modeling; Meta cognition

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGING; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMPLICATION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MEMORY DISORDER; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PSYCHOLOGY; TIME FACTOR; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; COGNITION DISORDERS; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MEMORY DISORDERS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84944724715     PISSN: 13556177     EISSN: 14697661     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617715000922     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Allerhand M., Gale C.R., & Deary I.J. (2014). The dynamic relationship between cognitive function, and positive well-being in older people: A prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. Psychology, and Aging, 29(2), 306
2. Amariglio R.E., Becker J.A., Carmasin J., Wadsworth L.P., Lorius N., Sullivan C., Sperling R.A. (2012). Subjective cognitive complaints, and amyloid burden in cognitively normal older individuals. Neuropsychologia, 50, 2880-2886
3. Bandura A. (1989). Regulation of cognitive processes through perceived self-efficacy. Developmental Psychology, 25(5), 729
4. Benito-León J., Mitchell A.J., Vega S., & Bermejo-Pareja F. (2010). A population-based study of cognitive function in older people with subjective memory complaints. Journal of alzheimer's Disease, 22(1), 159-170
5. Boker S.M., & McArdle J. (1995). Statistical vector field analysis applied to mixed cross-sectional, and longitudinal data. Experimental Aging Research, 21(1), 77-93
6. Burmester B., Leathem J., & Merrick P. (2015). Assessing subjective memory complaints: A comparison of spontaneous reports, and structured questionnaire methods. International Psychogeriatrics/IPA, 27, 61-77
7. Clare L. (2004). Awareness in early-stage Alzheimer's disease: A review of methods, and evidence. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43(2), 177-196. doi: 10.1348/014466504323088042
8. Crumley J.J., Stetler C.A., & Horhota M. (2014). Examining the relationship between subjective, and objective memory performance in older adults: A meta-analysis. Psychology, and Aging, 29(2), 250
9. Darby D., Maruff P., Collie A., & McStephen M. (2002). Mild cognitive impairment can be detected by multiple assessments in a single day. Neurology, 59(7), 1042-1046
10. Dik M.G., Jonker C., Comijs H.C., Bouter L.M., Twisk J.W., van Kamp G.J., & Deeg D.J. (2001). Memory complaints, and APOE-epsilon4 accelerate cognitive decline in cognitively normal elderly. [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]. Neurology, 57(12), 2217-2222
11. Dodge H.H., Wang C.-N., Chang C.-C.H., & Ganguli M. (2011). Terminal decline, and practice effects in older adults without dementia The MoVIES project. Neurology, 77(8), 722-730
12. Dufouil C., Fuhrer R., & Alpérovitch A. (2005). Subjective cognitive complaints, and cognitive decline: Consequence or predictor?. The Epidemiology of Vascular Aging Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(4), 616-621. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53209.x
13. Ferrer E., & McArdle J.J. (2010). Longitudinal modeling of developmental changes in psychological research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(3), 149-154
14. Folstein M.F., Folstein S.E., & McHugh P.R. (1975). Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189-198
15. Freedman M., Leach L., Kaplan E., Winocur G., Shulman K.I., & Delis D.C. (1994). Clock drawing: A neuropsychological analysis. Cambridge: Oxford University Press
16. Fuld P.A. (1981). Fuld object-memory evaluation. Woodale, IL: Stoelting Company
17. Galvin J.E., Powlishta K.K., Wilkins K., McKeel D.W., Xiong C., Grant E., Morris J.C. (2005). Predictors of preclinical Alzheimer disease, and dementia: A clinicopathologic study. Archives of Neurology, 62(5), 758-765
18. Ganguli M., Chang C.-C., Snitz B.E., Saxton J.A., Vanderbilt J., & Lee C.-W. (2010). Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment by multiple classifications: The Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) project. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(8), 674-683
19. Ganguli M., Dodge H.H., Shen C., & DeKosky S.T. (2004). Mild cognitive impairment, amnestic type: An epidemiologic study. Neurology, 63(1), 115-121
20. Ganguli M., Gilby J., Seaberg E., & Belle S. (1995). Depressive symptoms, and associated factors in a rural elderly population: The MoVIES Project. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 3, 144-160
21. Ganguli M., Snitz B., Vander Bilt J., Chang C.C., Ganguli M., Snitz B., Chang C.-C. (2009). How much do depressive symptoms affect cognition at the population level?. The Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) study. [Research Support N.I.H., Extramural]. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(11), 1277-1284
22. Ganguli M., Snitz B.E., Lee C.-W., Vanderbilt J., Saxton J.A., & Chang C.-C. (2010). Age, and education effects, and norms on a cognitive test battery from a population-based cohort: The Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team. Aging, and Mental Health, 14(1), 100-107
23. Geerlings M.I., Jonker C., Bouter L.M., Ader H.J., & Schmand B. (1999). Association between memory complaints, and incident alzheimer's disease in elderly people with normal baseline cognition.[see comment]. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(4), 531-537
24. Ghisletta P., & De Ribaupierre A. (2005). A dynamic investigation of cognitive dedifferentiation with control for retest: Evidence from the Swiss Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on the Oldest Old. Psychology, and Aging, 20(4), 671
25. Grut M., Jorm A.F., Fratiglioni L., Forsell Y., Viitanen M., & Winblad B. (1993). Memory complaints of elderly people in a population survey: Variation according to dementia stage, and depression. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 41, 1295-1300
26. Hafkemeijer A., Altmann-Schneider I., Oleksik A.M., van deWiel L., Middelkoop H.A., van Buchem M.A., Rombouts S.A. (2013). Increased functional connectivity, and brain atrophy in elderly with subjective memory complaints. Brain Connectivity, 3(4), 353-362
27. Hannesdottir K., & Morris R.G. (2007). Primary, and secondary anosognosia for memory impairment in patients with alzheimer's disease. Cortex, 43(7), 1020-1030
28. Harwood D.G., Sultzer D.L., & Wheatley M.V. (2000). Impaired insight in alzheimer disease: Association with cognitive deficits, psychiatric symptoms, and behavioral disturbances. Cognitive, and Behavioral Neurology, 13(2), 83-88
29. Herrmann D.J. (1982). Know thy memory: The use of questionnaires to assess, and study memory. Psychological Bulletin, 92(2), 434
30. Hertzog C., & Pearman A. (2014). Memory complaints in adulthood, and old age. In T.J. Perfect, & D.S. Lindsay (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of applied memory. London: SAGE
31. Hoffman L., Hofer S.M., & Sliwinski M.J. (2011). On the confounds among retest gains, and age-cohort differences in the estimation of within-person change in longitudinal studies: A simulation study. Psychology, and Aging, 26(4), 778
32. Hohman T.J., Beason-Held L.L., Lamar M., & Resnick S.M. (2011). Subjective cognitive complaints, and longitudinal changes in memory, and brain function. Neuropsychology, 25(1), 125
33. Jessen F., Amariglio R.E., van Boxtel M., Breteler M., Ceccaldi M., Chételat G., van Der Flier W.M. (2014). A conceptual framework for research on subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's, & Dementia, 10, 844-852
34. Jessen F., Wiese B., Bachmann C., Eifflaender-Gorfer S., Haller F., & Kolsch H., Germany study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients Study Group (2010). Prediction of dementia by subjective memory impairment: Effects of severity, and temporal association with cognitive impairment. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(4), 414-422
35. Jorm A., Christensen H., Korten A., Henderson A., Jacomb P., & Mackinnon A. (1997). Do cognitive complaints either predict future cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline?. A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample. Psychological Medicine, 27(1), 91-98
36. Jorm A., Christensen H., Korten A., Jacomb P., & Henderson A. (2001). Memory complaints as a precursor of memory impairment in older people: A longitudinal analysis over 7-8 years. Psychological Medicine, 31(3), 441-449
37. Jungwirth S., Fischer P., Weissgram S., Kirchmeyr W., Bauer P., & Tragl K.-H. (2004). Subjective memory complaints, and objective memory impairment in the Vienna-Transdanube aging community. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(2), 263-268
38. Kaplan E., Goodglass H., & Weintraub S. (2001). Boston Naming Test (2nd ed.). Philedelphia: Lippincott Williams, & Wilkins
39. Krall J.R., Carlson M.C., Fried L.P., & Xue Q.-L. (2014). Examining the dynamic, bidirectional associations between cognitive, and physical functioning in older adults. American Journal of Epidemiology, 180, 838-846
40. Lam L.C.W., Lui V.W.C., Tam C.W.C., & Chiu H.F.K. (2005). Subjective memory complaints in Chinese subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and early Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(9), 876-882. doi: 10.1002/gps.1370
41. Lautenschlager N.T., Flicker L., Vasikaran S., Leedman P., & Almeida O.P. (2005). Subjective memory complaints with, and without objective memory impairment: Relationship with risk factors for dementia. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(8), 731-734
42. Lenehan M.E., Klekociuk S.Z., & Summers M.J. (2012). Absence of a relationship between subjective memory complaint, and objective memory impairment in mild cognitive impairment (MCI): Is it time to abandon subjective memory complaint as an MCI diagnostic criterion?. International Psychogeriatrics, 24(09), 1505-1514
43. Lopez O.L., Becker J.T., Somsak D., Dew M.A., & DeKosky S.T. (1994). Awareness of cognitive deficits, and anosognosia in probable Alzheimer's disease. European Neurology, 34(5), 277-282
44. McArdle J.J. (2009). Latent variable modeling of differences, and changes with longitudinal data. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 577-605
45. Minett T.S., Dean J.L., Firbank M., English P., & O'Brien J.T. (2005). Subjective memory complaints, white-matter lesions, depressive symptoms, and cognition in elderly patients. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(8), 665-671
46. Mitchell A.J. (2008). Is it time to separate subjective cognitive complaints from the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment?. Age, and Ageing, 37(5), 497-499
47. Mitchell A.J., & Shiri-Feshki M. (2009). Rate of progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia -meta-analysis of 41 robust inception cohort studies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 119(4), 252-265. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01326.x
48. Mograbi D.C., Brown R.G., & Morris R.G. (2009). Anosognosia in alzheimer's disease-The petrified self. Consciousness, and Cognition, 18(4), 989-1003
49. Mol M.E., van Boxtel M., Willems D., & Jolles J. (2006). Do subjective memory complaints predict cognitive dysfunction over time?. A six year follow up of the Maastricht Aging Study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(5), 432-441
50. Morris J.C. (1993). The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version, and scoring rules. Neurology, 43, 2411-2413
51. Morris R., & Hannesdottir K. (2004). Loss of awareness in alzheimer's disease. Cognitive Neuropsychology of alzheimer's Disease, 275-296
52. Mousavi-Nasab S.M.H., Kormi-Nouri R., & Nilsson L.-G. (2014). Examination of the bidirectional influences of leisure activity, and memory in old people: A dissociative effect on episodic memory. British Journal of Psychology, 105(3), 382-398. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12044
53. Mungas D., Marshall S.C., Weldon M., Haan M., & Reed B.R. (1996). Age, and education correction of Mini-Mental State Examination for English, and Spanish-speaking elderly. Neurology, 46(3), 700-706
54. Muthen L.K., & Muthen B.O. (2010). MPlus User's Guide: (6th ed.). Los Angeles: Muthen, & Muthen
55. O'Connor D.W., Pollitt P.A., Roth M., Brook C.P.B., & Reiss B.B. (1990). Memory complaints, and impairment in normal, depressed, and demented elderly persons identified in a community survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47(3), 224
56. Orfei M.D., Blundo C., Celia E., Casini A.R., Caltagirone C., Spalletta G., & Varsi A.E. (2010). Anosognosia in mild cognitive impairment, and mild alzheimer's disease: Frequency, and neuropsychological correlates. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(12), 1133-1140
57. Pannu J.K., & Kaszniak A.W. (2005). Metamemory experiments in neurological populations: A review. Neuropsychology Review, 15(3), 105-130
58. Parisi J.M., Gross A.L., Rebok G.W., Saczynski J.S., Crowe M., Cook S.E., Unverzagt F.W. (2011). Modeling change in memory performance, and memory perceptions: Findings from the ACTIVE study. Psychology, and Aging, 26(3), 518
59. Perrig-Chiello P., Perrig W., & Stahelin H. (2000). Differential aspects of memory self-evaluation in old, and very old people. Aging, & Mental Health, 4(2), 130-135
60. Perrotin A., Desgranges B., Duval C., La Joie R., Mézenge F., Landeau B., Eustache F. (2011). The IMAP project: How does the awareness of memory deficits evolve in the course of alzheimer's disease?. Insights from its relationships to PET β-amyloid, and metabolism measurements. Alzheimer's, & Dementia, 7(4), S742-S743
61. Petersen R.C., Smith G.E., Waring S.C., Ivnik R.J., Tangalos E.G., & Kokmen E. (1999). Mild cognitive impairment: Clinical characterization, and outcome. Archives of Neurology, 56(3), 303-308
62. Purser J.L., Fillenbaum G.G., & Wallace R.B. (2006). Memory complaint is not necessary for diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, and does not predict 10 year trajectories of functional disability, word recall, or short portable mental status questionnaire limitations. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(2), 335-338
63. Reid L.M., & Maclullich A.M.J. (2006). Subjective memory complaints, and cognitive impairment in older people. Dementia, & Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 22(5-6), 471-485
64. Reisberg B., Shulman M.B., Torossian C., Boksay I., Khan S., & Zhu W. (2010). Which comes first: Subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) or cognitive change?, and is SCI a frequently occurring stage in the evolution of alzheimer-associated cognitive change?. Alzheimer's, & Dementia, 6(4), S177-S177
65. Reisberg B., Shulman M.B., Torossian C., Leng L., Zhu W., Reisberg B., & Zhu W. (2010). Outcome over seven years of healthy adults with, and without subjective cognitive impairment. [Research Support N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]. Alzheimer's, & Dementia, 6(1), 11-24
66. Roberts J., Clare L., & Woods R. (2009). Subjective memory complaints, and awareness of memory functioning in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Dementia, and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 28(2), 95-109
67. Rowe C.C., Ellis K.A., Rimajova M., Bourgeat P., Pike K.E., Jones G., Villemagne V.L. (2010). Amyloid imaging results from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 31(8), 1275-1283. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.04.007
68. Salthouse T.A., Schroeder D.H., & Ferrer E. (2004). Estimating retest effects in longitudinal assessments of cognitive functioning in adults between 18, and 60 years of age. Developmental Psychology, 40(5), 813
69. Saykin A.J., Wishart H.A., Rabin L.A., Santulli R.B., Flashman L.A., West J.D., Mamourian A.C. (2006). Older adults with cognitive complaints show brain atrophy similar to that of amnestic MCI. Neurology, 67(5), 834-842
70. Schofield P.W., Marder K., Dooneief G., Jacobs D.M., Sano M., & Stern Y. (1997). Association of subjective memory complaints with subsequent cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly individuals with baseline cognitive impairment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(5), 609-615
71. Shaked D., Farrell M., Huey E., Metcalfe J., Cines S., Karlawish J., Cosentino S. (2014). Cognitive correlates of metamemory in alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology, 28, 695-705
72. Small B.J., Dixon R.A., McArdle J.J., & Grimm K.J. (2012). Do changes in lifestyle engagement moderate cognitive decline in normal aging?. Evidence from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. Neuropsychology, 26(2), 144
73. Snitz B.E., Morrow L.A., Rodriguez E.G., Huber K.A., & Saxton J.A. (2008). Subjective memory complaints, and concurrent memory performance in older patients of primary care providers. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14(6), 1004-1013
74. Snitz B.E., Yu L., Crane P.K., Chang C.-C.H., Hughes T.F., & Ganguli M. (2012). Subjective cognitive complaints of older adults at the population level: An item response theory analysis. Alzheimer Disease, and Associated Disorders, 26(4), 344-351
75. St John P., & Montgomery P. (2002). Are cognitively intact seniors with subjective memory loss more likely to develop dementia?. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(9), 814-820
76. Unverzagt F.W., Morgan O.S., Thesiger C.H., Eldemire D.A., Luseko J., Pokuri S., Hendrie H.C. (1999). Clinical utility of CERAD neuropsychological battery in elderly Jamaicans. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 5(3), 255-259
77. Vogel A., Stokholm J., Gade A., Andersen B.B., Hejl A.-M., & Waldemar G. (2004). Awareness of deficits in mild cognitive impairment, and alzheimer's disease: Do MCI patients have impaired insight?. Dementia, and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 17(3), 181-187
78. Wang L., van Belle G., Crane P.K., Kukull W.A., Bowen J.D., McCormick W.C., & Larson E.B. (2004). Subjective memory deterioration, and future dementia in people aged 65, and older. [see comment]. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(12), 2045-2051
79. Weaver Cargin J., Collie A., Masters C., & Maruff P. (2008). The nature of cognitive complaints in healthy older adults with, and without objective memory decline. Journal of Clinical, and Experimental Neuropsychology, 30(2), 245-257
80. Wechsler D. (1987). Wechsler Memory Scale Revised. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation
81. Wilson R.S., Segawa E., Boyle P.A., & Bennett D.A. (2012). Influence of late-life cognitive activity on cognitive health. Neurology, 78(15), 1123-1129
82. Zimprich D., Martin M., & Kliegel M. (2003). Subjective cognitive complaints, memory performance, and depressive affect in old age: A change-oriented approach. The International Journal of Aging, and Human Development, 57(4), 339-366