How and Why Parents Guide the Media Use of Young Children

Journal of Child and Family Studies

Volumn 24, Issue 11, 2015, Pages 3423-3435

  Nikken, Peter ^a   Schols, Marjon ^b  

^a ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b Erasmus University Rotterdam   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Child development; Educational gaming; Media skills; Parental mediation; Television; Touchscreens; Young children

Indexed keywords

EID: 84943348127     PISSN: 10621024     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10826-015-0144-4     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Allison, P. D. (2009). Missing Data. In R. E. Millsap & A. Maydeu-Olivares (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of quantitative methods in psychology (pp. 73–91). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Committee on Public Education. (2001). Children, adolescents, and television. Pediatrics,107, 423–426.
3. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Committee on Public Education. (2011). Media use by children younger than 2 years. Pediatrics,128, 1040–1045.
4. Austin, E. (1993). Exploring the effects of active parental mediation of television content. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media,37, 147–158.
5. Australian Government. (2014). Move and play every day: National physical activity recommendations for children 0–5 years. Canberra: Department of Health, Commonwealth of Australia.
6. Barr, R., Zack, E., Muentener, P., & García, A. (2008). Infants’ attention and responsiveness to television increases with prior exposure and parental interaction. Infancy,13, 3–56.
7. Böcking, S., & Böcking, T. (2009). Parental mediation of television: Test of a German-speaking scale and findings on the impact of parental attitudes, sociodemographic and family-factors in German-speaking Switzerland. Journal of Children and Media,3, 286–302.
8. CBS (2013). ICT gebruik van huishoudens naar huishoudkenmerken. Heerlen/Den Haag: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=71102NED&D1=3&D2=0,2,4-5&D3=l&VW=T. Accessed 1 October 2013.
9. Chiong, C., & Shuler, C. (2010). Learning: Is there an app for that? Investigations of young children’s usage and learning with mobile devices and apps. New York: The Joan Ganz Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop.
10. Craig, L. (2006). Does father care mean fathers share? A comparison of how mothers and fathers in intact families spend time with children. Gender and Society,20, 259–281.
11. Cranmer, S. (2006). Children and young people’s uses of the internet for homework. Learning Media and Technology,31, 301–315.
12. Das, M., Ester, P., & Kaczmirek, L. (Eds.). (2010). Social research and the internet: Advances in applied methods and new research strategies. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
13. De Haan, J. (2010). Late on the curve; causes and consequences of differences in digital skills. In E. Ferro, Y. Kumar Dwivedi, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, & M. D. Williams (Eds.), Handbook of research on overcoming digital divides: Constructing an equitable and competitive information society (pp. 292–308). Hershey: Information Science Reference.
14. Haines, J., O’Brien, A., McDonald, J., Goldman, R. E., Evans-Schmidt, M., Price, S., et al. (2013). Television viewing and televisions in bedrooms: Perceptions of racial/ethnic minority parents of young children. Journal of Child and Family Studies,22, 749–756.
15. Ito, M., Baumer, S., Bittanti, M., Boyd, D., Cody, R., Herr-Stephenson, B., et al. (2010). Hanging out, messing around, and geeking out: Kids living and learning with new media. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
16. Kim, J., & Anderson, J. (2008). Mother-child shared reading with print and digital texts. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy,8, 213–245.
17. Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
18. Küter-Luks, T., Heuvelman, A., & Peters, O. (2011). Making Dutch pupils media conscious: Preadolescents’ self-assessment of possible media risks and the need for media education. Learning Media and Technology,36, 295–313.
19. Lee, S., & Chae, Y. (2007). Children’s internet use in a family context: Influence on family relationships and parental mediation. CyberPsychology and Behavior,10, 640–644.
20. Lemish, D. (1987). Viewers in diapers: The early development of television viewing. In T. Lindlof (Ed.), Natural audiences: Qualitative research of media uses and effects (pp. 33–57). Norwood: Ablex.
21. Livingstone, S., & Helsper, E. (2008). Parental mediation and children’s internet use. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media,52, 581–599.
22. Marsh, J. (2010). Childhood, culture and creativity: A literature review. Newcastle: Creativity, Culture and Education. http://www.creativitycultureeducation.org/childhood-culture-and-creativity-a-literature-review. Accessed May 2014.
23. Marsh, J., Brooks, G., Hughes, J., Ritchie, L., Roberts, S. & Wright, K. (2005). Digital beginnings: Young children’s use of popular culture, media and new technologies. Sheffield: University of Sheffield. http://www.digitalbeginnings.shef.ac.uk/DigitalBeginningsReport.pdf. Accessed May 2014.
24. Nikken, P., & Jansz, J. (2006). Parental mediation of children’s videogame playing: A comparison of the reports by parents and children. Learning Media and Technology,31, 181–202.
25. Nikken, P., & Jansz, J. (2013). Developing scales to measure parental mediation of young children’s internet use. Learning Media and Technology,39, 250–266.
26. Paus-Hasebrink, I., Sinner, P. & Prochazka, F. (2014). Children’s online experiences in socially disadvantaged families: European evidence and policy implications. London: EU Kids Online, LSE. http://www.lse.ac.uk/media@lse/research/ EUKidsOnline/EU Kids III/Reports/Disadvantaged_children.pdf. Accessed 26 June 2014.
27. Priewasser, B., Roessler, J., & Perner, J. (2012). Competition as rational action: Why young children cannot appreciate competitive games? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,116, 545–559.
28. Schofield Clark, L. (2011). Parental mediation theory for the digital age. Communication Theory,21, 323–343.
29. Schols, M., Duimel, M., & De Haan, J. (2011). Hoe cultureel is de digitale generatie? Het internetgebruik voor culturele doeleinden onder schoolgaande tieners. Den Haag: SCP.
30. Singer, D., & Singer, J. (2011). Handbook of children and the media (2nd ed.). Mahwah: Sage publications.
31. Sonck, N., Nikken, P., & De Haan, J. (2013). Determinants of internet mediation: A comparison of the reports by parents and children. Journal of Children and Media,7, 96–113.
32. Spitzer, M. (2012). Digitale Demenz. Wie wir uns und unsere Kinder um den Verstand bringen. München: Droemer.
33. Takeuchi, L. (2011). Families matter: Designing media for a digital age. New York: The Joan Ganz Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop.
34. Vaala, S. (2014). The nature and predictive value of mothers’ beliefs regarding infants’ and toddlers’ TV/video viewing: Applying the integrative model of behavioral prediction. Media Psychology,17, 282–310.
35. Vaala, S., & Hornik, R. (2014). Predicting US infants’ and toddlers’ TV/video viewing rates: Mothers’ cognitions and structural life circumstances. Journal of Children and Media,8, 163–182.
36. Valkenburg, P., Krcmar, M., Peeters, A., & Marseille, N. (1999). Developing a scale to assess three styles of television mediation: “Instructive mediation”, “restrictive mediation”, and “social coviewing”. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media,43, 52–66.
37. Valkenburg, P., & Vroone, M. (2004). Developmental changes in infants’ and toddlers’ attention to television entertainment. Communication Research,31, 288–311.
38. Van der Voort, T., Nikken, P., & Van Lil, J. (1992). Determinants of parental guidance of children’s television viewing: A Dutch replication study. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media,36, 61–74.
39. Vandewater, E. A., Rideout, V. J., Wartella, E. A., Huang, X., Lee, J. H., & Shim, M. (2007). Digital childhood: Electronic media and technology use among infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Pediatrics,119, e1006–e1015.
40. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
41. Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Thought and language. Cambridge: MIT Press.
42. Warren, R. (2001). In words and deeds: Parental involvement and mediation of children’s television viewing. The Journal of Family Communication,1, 211–231.
43. Warren, R. (2003). Parental mediation of preschool children’s television viewing. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media,47, 394–417.
44. Warren, R. (2005). Parental mediation of children’s television viewing in low-income families. Journal of Communication,55, 847–863.