Striving Toward Noble-Metal-Free Photocatalytic Water Splitting: The Hydrogenated-Graphene-TiO2 Prototype

Chemistry of Materials

Volumn 27, Issue 18, 2015, Pages 6282-6296

  Nguyen Phan, Thuy Duong ^a   Luo, Si ^a,c   Liu, Zongyuan ^a,c   Gamalski, Andrew D ^a   Tao, Jing ^b   Xu, Wenqian ^a   Stach, Eric A ^a   Polyansky, Dmitry E ^a   Senanayake, Sanjaya D ^a   Fujita, Etsuko ^a   Rodriguez, José A ^a  

^a BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARGE TRANSFER; ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES; HYDROGENATION; PRECIOUS METALS; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

GRAPHENE LIKES; HYDROGENATION TREATMENT; LOW LOADING; METAL COCATALYST; PHOTOCATALYTIC H2 EVOLUTION; PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTING; TOPOTACTIC TRANSFORMATION; TURBOSTRATIC;

GRAPHENE;

EID: 84942133537     PISSN: 08974756     EISSN: 15205002     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b02131     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Novoselov, K. S.; Geim, A. K.; Morozov, S. V.; Jiang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Dubonos, S. V.; Grigorieva, I. V.; Firsov, A. A. Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films Science 2004, 306, 666-669 10.1126/science.1102896
2. Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S. The Rise of Graphene Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 183-191 10.1038/nmat1849
3. Singh, V.; Joung, D.; Zhai, L.; Das, S.; Khondaker, S. I.; Seal, S. Graphene based Materials: Past, Present and Future Prog. Mater. Sci. 2011, 56, 1178-1271 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.03.003
4. Wu, Z.-S.; Zhou, G.; Yin, L.-C.; Ren, W.; Li, F.; Cheng, H.-M. Graphene/Metal Oxide Composite Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Nano Energy 2012, 1, 107-131 10.1016/j.nanoen.2011.11.001
5. Xiang, Q.; Yu, J.; Jaroniec, M. Graphene-Based Semiconductor Photocatalysts Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 782-796 10.1039/C1CS15172J
6. Zhang, N.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, Y.-J. Recent Progress on Graphene-Based Photocatalysts: Current Status and Future Perspectives Nanoscale 2012, 4, 5792-5813 10.1039/c2nr31480k
7. Wang, S.; Sun, H.; Ang, H. M.; Tadé, M. O. Adsorptive Remediation of Environmental Pollutants using Novel Graphene-based Nanomaterials Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 226, 336-347 10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.070
8. Lightcap, I. V.; Kamat, P. V. Graphitic Design: Prospects of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Solar Energy Conversion, Storage, and Sensing Acc. Chem. Res. 2013, 46, 2235-2243 10.1021/ar300248f
9. Xiang, Q.; Yu, J. Graphene-Based Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 753-759 10.1021/jz302048d
10. Yang, M.-Q.; Xu, Y.-J. Selective Photoredox using Graphene-Based Composite Photocatalysts Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 19102-19118 10.1039/c3cp53325e
11. Chowdhury, S.; Balasubramanian, R. Recent Advances in the Use of Graphene-family Nanoadsorbents for Removal of Toxic Pollutants from Wastewater Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2014, 204, 35-56 10.1016/j.cis.2013.12.005
12. Yang, M.-Q.; Zhang, N.; Pagliaro, M.; Xu, Y.-J. Artificial Photosynthesis over Graphene-Semiconductor Composites. Are We Getting Better? Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 8240-8254 10.1039/C4CS00213J
13. Xiang, Q.; Cheng, B.; Yu, J. Graphene-Based Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Generation Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 10.1002/anie.201411096
14. Li, X.; Yu, J.; Low, J.; Fang, Y.; Xiao, J.; Chen, X. Engineering Heterogeneous Semiconductors for Solar Water Splitting J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 2485-2534 10.1039/C4TA04461D
15. 2 Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Hydrogen Evolution from Water Photocatalytic splitting J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 2801-2806 10.1039/b917240h
16. 2 and Reduced Graphene Oxide as Efficient Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 10694-10701 10.1021/jp2008804
17. 2-production Activity of Graphene-modified Titania Nanosheets Nanoscale 2011, 3, 3670-3678 10.1039/c1nr10610d
18. 2 for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Solar Water Splitting J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 18542-18549 10.1039/c2jm33325b
19. 2 Nanocomposites via a Combined Strategy of Decreasing Defects of Graphene and Increasing Interfacial Contact Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 9167-9175 10.1039/c2cp41318c
20. 2 Nanocrystals with Exposed {001} Facets on Graphene Sheets via Molecular Grafting for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity Nanoscale 2012, 4, 613-620 10.1039/C1NR11411E
21. 2 Photocatalysts-a Review Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2012, 19, 3676-3687 10.1007/s11356-012-0939-4
22. 2-Graphene Composites with Exposed {001} Facets Produced by a One-pot Solvothermal Approach for High Performance Photocatalyst Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 12963-12970 10.1039/c3cp50942g
23. 2 Production RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 13169-13177 10.1039/c3ra22950e
24. Singh, G. P.; Shrestha, K. M.; Nepal, A.; Klabunde, K. J.; Sorensen, C. M. Graphene Supported Plasmonic Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution in Photocatalytic Water Splitting Nanotechnology 2014, 25, 265701 10.1088/0957-4484/25/26/265701
25. 2-Graphene Ternary Nanocomposites and Application in Hydrogen Evolution by Water Splitting Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 7664-7671 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.109
26. 2 Nanocomposites Appl. Surf. Sci. 2014, 319, 8-15 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.04.182
27. 2 Nanoparticle Composite Systems and Its Application in Hydrogen Production Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 16282-16292 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.104
28. 2 Nanocomposites: Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 19877-19886 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.10.010
29. 2 Composites for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production with a Wide pH Range Appl. Catal., B 2014, 147, 888-896 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.025
30. 2-Graphene Nanosheet Composites with Enhanced Photocatalysis Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 8591 10.1038/srep08591
31. Chen, X.; Mao, S. S. Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2891-2959 10.1021/cr0500535
32. 2 Photocatalysis by Synergistic Interaction of Surface Species: From Promoters to Co-catalysts ACS Catal. 2014, 4, 4277-4288 10.1021/cs501408u
33. Elias, D. D.; Nair, R. R.; Mohiuddin, T. M. G.; Morozov, S. V.; Blake, P.; Halsall, M. P.; Ferrari, A. C.; Boukhvalov, D. W.; Katnelson, M. I.; Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S. Control of Graphenes Properties by Reversible Hydrogenation: Evidence for Graphane Science 2009, 323, 610-613 10.1126/science.1167130
34. Zhou, J.; Wang, Q.; Sun, Q.; Chen, X. S.; Kawazoe, Y.; Jena, P. Ferromagnetism in Semihydrogenated Graphene Sheet Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 3867-3870 10.1021/nl9020733
35. Cadelano, E.; Palla, P. L.; Giordano, S.; Colombo, L. Elastic Properties of Hydrogenated Graphene Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2010, 82, 235414 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.235414
36. Sun, Z.; Pint, C. L.; Marcano, D. C.; Zhang, C.; Yao, J.; Ruan, G.; Yan, Z.; Zhu, Y.; Hauge, R. H.; Tour, J. M. Towards Hybrid Superlattices in Graphene Nat. Commun. 2011, 2, 559 10.1038/ncomms1577
37. Shkrebtii, A. I.; Heritage, E.; McNelles, P.; Cabellos, J. L.; Mendoza, B. S. Graphene and Graphane Functionalization with Hydrogen: Electronic and Optical Signatures Phys. Status Solidi C 2012, 9, 1378-1383 10.1002/pssc.201100705
38. Pumera, M.; Wong, C. H. A. Graphane and Hydrogenated Graphene Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 5987-5995 10.1039/c3cs60132c
39. Rajasekaran, S.; Abild-Pedersen, F.; Ogasawara, H.; Nilsson, A.; Kaya, S. Interlayer Carbon Bond Formation Induced by Hydrogen Adsorption in Few-Layer Supported Graphene Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 111, 085503 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.085503
40. Sofer, Z.; Jankovský, O.; Šimek, P.; Soferová, L.; Sedmidubský, D.; Pumera, M. Highly Hydrogenated Graphene via Active Hydrogen Reduction of Graphene Oxide in the Aqueous Phase at Room Temperature Nanoscale 2014, 6, 2153-2160 10.1039/C3NR05407A
41. Chen, X.; Liu, L.; Yu, P. Y.; Mao, S. S. Increasing Solar Absorption for Photocatalysis with Black Hydrogenated Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystals Science 2011, 331, 746-750 10.1126/science.1200448
42. 2: A Positron Annihilation Study J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 22619-22624 10.1021/jp307573c
43. Chen, X.; Liu, L.; Liu, Z.; Marcus, M. A.; Wang, W.-C.; Oyler, N. A.; Grass, M. E.; Mao, B.; Glans, P.- A.; Yu, P. Y.; Guo, J.; Mao, S. S. Properties of Disorder-Engineered Black Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles through Hydrogenation Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1510 10.1038/srep01510
44. 2 Generation J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 3748-3756 10.1039/C4TA02873B
45. 2 with Oxygen Vacancies: Synthesis, Properties and Photocatalytic Applications Nanoscale 2013, 5, 3601-3614 10.1039/c3nr00476g
46. 3+ and/or Oxygen Vacancies: New Insights into Defect Chemistry of Metal Oxides RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 13979-13988 10.1039/c3ra47757f
47. 2-Reduced-Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites and their Application in High Rate Lithium Ion Batteries J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 9150-9155 10.1039/c4ta00657g
48. 2@Reduced Graphene Oxide with p-n Junctions RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 26328-26334 10.1039/C4RA15819A
49. 2 Interface: Electronic and Geometric Structural Influence on the Photocatalytic Activity of Oxide on Oxide Nanostructures J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 2669-2679 10.1021/jp511986n
50. 2 Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2002, 65, 224112 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.224112
51. Yu, P. Y.; Cardona, M. Fundamentals of Semiconductors: Physics and Materials Properties, 4 th ed.; Springer: Heidelberg, 2010.
52. 2 Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 16927-16933 10.1021/jp9046193
53. Zheng, Z.; Huang, B.; Lu, J.; Wang, Z.; Qin, X.; Zhang, X.; Dai, Y.; Whangbo, M.-H. Hydrogenated Titania: Synergy of Surface Modification and Morphology Improvement for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 5733-5735 10.1039/c2cc32220j
54. Ferrari, A. C.; Meyer, J. C.; Scardaci, V.; Casiraghi, C.; Lazzeri, M.; Mauri, F.; Piscanec, S.; Jiang, D.; Novoselov, K. S.; Roth, S.; Geim, A. K. Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 187401 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.187401
55. Ai, K.; Liu, Y.; Lu, L.; Cheng, X.; Huo, L. A Novel Strategy for Making Soluble Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets Cheaply by Adopting an Endogenous Reducing Agent J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 3365-3370 10.1039/C0JM02865G
56. Li, Y.; Chen, H.; Voo, L. Y.; Ji, J.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, F.; Fan, X. Synthesis of Partially Hydrogenated Graphene and Brominated Graphene J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 15021-15024 10.1039/c2jm32307a
57. 2 J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1996, 92, 2791-2798 10.1039/ft9969202791
58. 1H MAS NMR, and Oxygen Chemisorption J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 3936-3940 10.1021/jp980088r
59. 1H NMR Spectroscopy Catal. Lett. 1989, 2, 345-350 10.1007/BF00768176
60. He, H.; Riedl, T.; Lerf, A.; Klinowski, J. Solid-State NMR Studies of the Structure of Graphite Oxide J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 19954-19958 10.1021/jp961563t
61. Ou, B.; Zhou, Z.; Liu, Q.; Liao, B.; Yi, S.; Ou, Y.; Zhang, X.; Li, D. Covalent Functionalization of Graphene with Poly(methyl methacrylate) by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization at Room Temperature Polym. Chem. 2012, 3, 2768-2775 10.1039/c2py20438j
62. Warren, B. E. X-Ray Diffraction in Random Layer Lattices Phys. Rev. 1941, 59, 693-698 10.1103/PhysRev.59.693
63. Badami, D. V.; Kaye, G. The Nature of Turbostratic Carbon Carbon 1964, 1, 375-375 10.1016/0008-6223(64)90364-1
64. Dasgupta, K.; Sathiyamoorthy, D. Disordered Carbon-Its Preparation, Structure, and Characterization Mater. Sci. Technol. 2003, 19, 995-1002 10.1179/026708303225004693
65. Li, Z. Q.; Lu, C. J.; Xia, Z. P.; Zhou, Y.; Luo, Z. X-ray Diffraction Patterns of Graphite and Turbostratic Carbon Carbon 2007, 45, 1686-1695 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.03.038
66. Shen, T. D.; Ge, W. Q.; Wang, K. Y.; Quan, M. X.; Wang, J. T.; Wei, W. D.; Koch, C. C. Structural Disorder and Phase Transformation in Graphite Produced by Ball Milling Nanostruct. Mater. 1996, 7, 393-399 10.1016/0965-9773(96)00010-4
67. Huang, J. Y. HRTEM and EELS Studies of Defects Structure and Amorphous-like Graphite Induced by Ball-Milling Acta Mater. 1999, 47, 1801-1808 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00067-1
68. Barreiro, A.; Börrnert, F.; Avdoshenko, S. M.; Rellinghaus, B.; Cuniberti, G.; Rümmeli, M. H.; Vandersypen, L. M. K. Understanding the Catalyst-free Transformation of Amorphous Carbon into Graphene by Current-induced Annealing Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1115 10.1038/srep01115
69. Dupin, J.-C.; Gonbeau, D.; Vinatier, P.; Levasseur, A. Systematic XPS Studies of Metal Oxides, Hydroxides and Peroxides Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2000, 2, 1319-1324 10.1039/a908800h
70. xO Nanoparticles Nanotechnology 2006, 17, 2675-2680 10.1088/0957-4484/17/10/039
71. 2 Thin Films J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2012, 45, 325301 10.1088/0022-3727/45/32/325301
72. Wang, L.; Lee, K.; Sun, Y.-Y.; Lucking, M.; Chen, Z.; Zhao, J. J.; Zhang, S. B. Graphene Oxide as an Ideal Substrate for Hydrogen Storage ACS Nano 2009, 3, 2995-3000 10.1021/nn900667s
73. Braslavsky, S. E.; Braun, A. M.; Cassano, A. E.; Emeline, A. V.; Litter, M. I.; Palmisano, L.; Parmon, V. N.; Serpone, N. Glossary of Terms Used in Photocatalysis and Radiation Catalysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) Pure Appl. Chem. 2011, 83, 931-1014 10.1351/PAC-REC-09-09-36
74. Serpone, N.; Salinaro, A. Terminology, Relative Photonic Efficiencies and Quantum Yields in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Part I: Suggested Protocol (Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 303-320 10.1351/pac199971020303
75. Salinaro, A.; Emeline, A. V.; Zhao, J.; Hidaka, H.; Ryabchuk, V. K.; Serpone, N. Terminology, Relative Photonic Efficiencies and Quantum Yields in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Part II: Experimental Determination of Quantum Yields (Technical Report) Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 321-335 10.1351/pac199971020321
76. Li, Q.; Guo, B.; Yu, J.; Ran, J.; Zhang, B.; Yan, H.; Gong, J. R. Highly Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of CdS-Cluster-Decorated Graphene Nanosheets J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 10878-10884 10.1021/ja2025454
77. 2-Production Performance Nanoscale 2012, 4, 2670-2677 10.1039/c2nr30129f
78. Zhang, J.; He, R.; Liu, X. Efficient Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water using Attapulgite Clay Sensitized by CdS Nanoparticles Nanotechnology 2013, 24, 505401 10.1088/0957-4484/24/50/505401
79. Bhunia, M. K.; Yamauchi, K.; Takanabe, K. Harvesting Solar Light with Crystalline Carbon Nitrides for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 11001-11005 10.1002/anie.201405161
80. Grätzel, M. Photoelectrochemical Cells Nature 2001, 414, 338-344 10.1038/35104607
81. Lide, D. R., Ed. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 90 th ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2009.
82. 2 Used for Photocatalytic Splitting of Water: A Traditional Phenomenon for New Applications Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 6049-6051 10.1039/c4cc01667j
83. Wachs, I. E.; Phivilay, S. P.; Roberts, C. A. Reporting of Reactivity for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis ACS Catal. 2013, 3, 2606-2611 10.1021/cs4005979