메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 59, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 533-541

Anatomy and physiology of respiratory system relevant to anaesthesia

Author keywords

Anatomy; Bronchomotor tone; Functional residual capacity; Physiology; Respiratory system; Tracheobronchial tree; Ventilation perfusion

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT;

EID: 84942091798     PISSN: 00195049     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.165849     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (74)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0030449893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology of respiratory system related to anesthesia
    • Drain CB. Physiology of respiratory system related to anesthesia. CRNA 1996;7:163-80.
    • (1996) CRNA , vol.7 , pp. 163-180
    • Drain, C.B.1
  • 4
    • 38949146450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways through the nose for nasal intubation: A comparison of three endotracheal tubes
    • Ahmed-Nusrath A, Tong JL, Smith JE. Pathways through the nose for nasal intubation: A comparison of three endotracheal tubes. Br J Anaesth 2008;100:269-74.
    • (2008) Br J Anaesth , vol.100 , pp. 269-274
    • Ahmed-Nusrath, A.1    Tong, J.L.2    Smith, J.E.3
  • 5
    • 0037080575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of body habitus and craniofacial characteristics to segmental closing pressures of the passive pharynx in patients with sleep-disordered breathing
    • Watanabe T, Isono S, Tanaka A, Tanzawa H, Nishino T. Contribution of body habitus and craniofacial characteristics to segmental closing pressures of the passive pharynx in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:260-5.
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.165 , pp. 260-265
    • Watanabe, T.1    Isono, S.2    Tanaka, A.3    Tanzawa, H.4    Nishino, T.5
  • 6
    • 0028261780 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of upper airway anatomy in awake, sedated and anaesthetised patients using magnetic resonance imaging
    • Shorten GD, Opie NJ, Graziotti P, Morris I, Khangure M. Assessment of upper airway anatomy in awake, sedated and anaesthetised patients using magnetic resonance imaging. Anaesth Intensive Care 1994;22:165-9.
    • (1994) Anaesth Intensive Care , vol.22 , pp. 165-169
    • Shorten, G.D.1    Opie, N.J.2    Graziotti, P.3    Morris, I.4    Khangure, M.5
  • 8
    • 0035003049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large hypopharyngeal tongue: A shared anatomic abnormality for difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive sleep apnea?
    • Chou HC, Wu TL. Large hypopharyngeal tongue: A shared anatomic abnormality for difficult mask ventilation, difficult intubation, and obstructive sleep apnea? Anesthesiology 2001;94:936-7.
    • (2001) Anesthesiology , vol.94 , pp. 936-937
    • Chou, H.C.1    Wu, T.L.2
  • 9
    • 84255197367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea: Mechanisms for increased collapsibility of the passive pharyngeal airway
    • Isono S. Obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea: Mechanisms for increased collapsibility of the passive pharyngeal airway. Respirology 2012;17:32-42.
    • (2012) Respirology , vol.17 , pp. 32-42
    • Isono, S.1
  • 10
    • 84973430780 scopus 로고
    • Geometry and dimensions of airways of conductive and transitory zones
    • Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer
    • Weibel ER. Geometry and dimensions of airways of conductive and transitory zones. In: Morphometry of the Human Lung. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 1963. p. 110-35.
    • (1963) Morphometry of the Human Lung , pp. 110-135
    • Weibel, E.R.1
  • 11
    • 36549021012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the trachea, carina, and bronchi
    • Minnich DJ, Mathisen DJ. Anatomy of the trachea, carina, and bronchi. Thorac Surg Clin 2007;17:571-85.
    • (2007) Thorac Surg Clin , vol.17 , pp. 571-585
    • Minnich, D.J.1    Mathisen, D.J.2
  • 12
    • 0034096047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To diagnose nonneoplastic tracheal abnormalities: Appearance of the tracheal wall
    • Webb EM, Elicker BM, Webb WR. Using CT to diagnose nonneoplastic tracheal abnormalities: Appearance of the tracheal wall. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;174:1315-21.
    • (2000) AJR am J Roentgenol , vol.174 , pp. 1315-1321
    • Webb, E.M.1    Elicker, B.M.2    Webb, W.R.3    Using, C.T.4
  • 13
    • 36549033240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlative anatomy for thoracic inlet; glottis and subglottis; trachea, carina, and main bronchi; lobes, fissures, and segments; hilum and pulmonary vascular system; bronchial arteries and lymphatics
    • Ugalde P, Miro S, Fréchette E, Deslauriers J. Correlative anatomy for thoracic inlet; glottis and subglottis; trachea, carina, and main bronchi; lobes, fissures, and segments; hilum and pulmonary vascular system; bronchial arteries and lymphatics. Thorac Surg Clin 2007;17:639-59.
    • (2007) Thorac Surg Clin , vol.17 , pp. 639-659
    • Ugalde, P.1    Miro, S.2    Fréchette, E.3    Deslauriers, J.4
  • 14
    • 0242607619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of changes in central airway dimensions, lung area and mean lung density at paired inspiratory/ expiratory high-resolution computed tomography
    • Ederle JR, Heussel CP, Hast J, Fischer B, Van Beek EJ, Ley S, et al. Evaluation of changes in central airway dimensions, lung area and mean lung density at paired inspiratory/ expiratory high-resolution computed tomography. Eur Radiol 2003;13:2454-61.
    • (2003) Eur Radiol , vol.13 , pp. 2454-2461
    • Ederle, J.R.1    Heussel, C.P.2    Hast, J.3    Fischer, B.4    Van Beek, E.J.5    Ley, S.6
  • 15
    • 0036062689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplanar and three-dimensional imaging of the central airways with multidetector CT
    • Boiselle PM, Reynolds KF, Ernst A. Multiplanar and three-dimensional imaging of the central airways with multidetector CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002;179:301-8.
    • (2002) AJR am J Roentgenol , vol.179 , pp. 301-308
    • Boiselle, P.M.1    Reynolds, K.F.2    Ernst, A.3
  • 16
    • 24344451715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT assessment of tracheal carinal angle and its determinants
    • Karabulut N. CT assessment of tracheal carinal angle and its determinants. Br J Radiol 2005;78:787-90.
    • (2005) Br J Radiol , vol.78 , pp. 787-790
    • Karabulut, N.1
  • 17
    • 84942122269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A morphometric study of human subcarinal angle in different age groups in both sexes and its clinical implications
    • Chunder R, Guha R. A morphometric study of human subcarinal angle in different age groups in both sexes and its clinical implications. Indian J Basic Appl Med Res 2015;4:424-30.
    • (2015) Indian J Basic Appl Med Res , vol.4 , pp. 424-430
    • Chunder, R.1    Guha, R.2
  • 18
    • 0019904460 scopus 로고
    • Normal tracheal bifurcation angle: A reassessment
    • Haskin PH, Goodman LR. Normal tracheal bifurcation angle: A reassessment. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1982;139:879-82.
    • (1982) AJR am J Roentgenol , vol.139 , pp. 879-882
    • Haskin, P.H.1    Goodman, L.R.2
  • 19
    • 0036095245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airway length in adults: Estimation of the optimal endotracheal tube length for orotracheal intubation
    • Cherng CH, Wong CS, Hsu CH, Ho ST. Airway length in adults: Estimation of the optimal endotracheal tube length for orotracheal intubation. J Clin Anesth 2002;14:271-4.
    • (2002) J Clin Anesth , vol.14 , pp. 271-274
    • Cherng, C.H.1    Wong, C.S.2    Hsu, C.H.3    Ho, S.T.4
  • 21
    • 70449206113 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy of the bronchial tree
    • Brock RC. The anatomy of the bronchial tree. AMA Arch Otolaryngol 1958;68:454-9.
    • (1958) AMA Arch Otolaryngol , vol.68 , pp. 454-459
    • Brock, R.C.1
  • 22
    • 84928255167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement and analysis of the tracheobronchial tree in Chinese population using computed tomography
    • Mi W, Zhang C, Wang H, Cao J, Li C, Yang L, et al. Measurement and analysis of the tracheobronchial tree in Chinese population using computed tomography. PLoS One 2015;10:e0123177.
    • (2015) Plos One , pp. 10
    • Mi, W.1    Zhang, C.2    Wang, H.3    Cao, J.4    Li, C.5    Yang, L.6
  • 23
    • 0842303760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgery of the Trachea and Bronchi. Diseases, Diagnosis
    • London: BC Decker Inc
    • Grillo HC. Surgery of the Trachea and Bronchi. Diseases, Diagnosis, Results of Treatment. London: BC Decker Inc.; 2004. p. 43-51.
    • (2004) Results of Treatment , pp. 43-51
    • Grillo, H.C.1
  • 24
    • 0038798791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the diameters of the adult cricoid ring and main tracheobronchial tree: A cadaver study to investigate the basis for double-lumen tube selection
    • Seymour AH. The relationship between the diameters of the adult cricoid ring and main tracheobronchial tree: A cadaver study to investigate the basis for double-lumen tube selection. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2003;17:299-301.
    • (2003) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.17 , pp. 299-301
    • Seymour, A.H.1
  • 26
    • 0020565735 scopus 로고
    • Tracheal size and shape: Effects of change in intraluminal pressure
    • Griscom NT, Wohl ME. Tracheal size and shape: Effects of change in intraluminal pressure. Radiology 1983;149:27-30.
    • (1983) Radiology , vol.149 , pp. 27-30
    • Griscom, N.T.1    Wohl, M.E.2
  • 27
    • 0014076738 scopus 로고
    • Tracheal dynamics in infants with respiratory distress, stridor, and collapsing trachea
    • Wittenborg MH, Gyepes MT, Crocker D. Tracheal dynamics in infants with respiratory distress, stridor, and collapsing trachea. Radiology 1967;88:653-62.
    • (1967) Radiology , vol.88 , pp. 653-662
    • Wittenborg, M.H.1    Gyepes, M.T.2    Crocker, D.3
  • 29
    • 0035227344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital bronchial abnormalities revisited
    • Ghaye B, Szapiro D, Fanchamps JM. Congenital bronchial abnormalities revisited. Radiographics 2001;21:105-19.
    • (2001) Radiographics , vol.21 , pp. 105-119
    • Ghaye, B.1    Szapiro, D.2    Fanchamps, J.M.3
  • 30
    • 36448979535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced visualization of airways with 64-MDCT: 3D mapping and virtual bronchoscopy
    • Horton KM, Horton MR, Fishman EK. Advanced visualization of airways with 64-MDCT: 3D mapping and virtual bronchoscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:1387-96.
    • (2007) AJR am J Roentgenol , vol.189 , pp. 1387-1396
    • Horton, K.M.1    Horton, M.R.2    Fishman, E.K.3
  • 31
    • 0036802322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessory cardiac bronchus
    • Saad C, Metha A. Accessory cardiac bronchus. J Bronchology 2002;9:311-2.
    • (2002) J Bronchology , vol.9 , pp. 311-312
    • Saad, C.1    Metha, A.2
  • 33
    • 50949128671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheobronchial variations in Turkish population
    • Beder S, Küpeli E, Karnak D, Kayacan O. Tracheobronchial variations in Turkish population. Clin Anat 2008;21:531-8.
    • (2008) Clin Anat , vol.21 , pp. 531-538
    • Beder, S.1    Küpeli, E.2    Karnak, D.3    Kayacan, O.4
  • 34
    • 0037284554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheal accessory lobe take-off and quadrifurcation of right upper lobe bronchus: A rare tracheobronchial anomaly
    • Khurshid I, Anderson LC, Downie GH. Tracheal accessory lobe take-off and quadrifurcation of right upper lobe bronchus: A rare tracheobronchial anomaly. J Bronchology 2003;10:58-60.
    • (2003) J Bronchology , vol.10 , pp. 58-60
    • Khurshid, I.1    Erson, L.C.2    Downie, G.H.3
  • 35
    • 0033854783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of a tracheal bronchus for adult anaesthetic practice
    • Conacher ID. Implications of a tracheal bronchus for adult anaesthetic practice. Br J Anaesth 2000;85:317-20.
    • (2000) Br J Anaesth , vol.85 , pp. 317-320
    • Conacher, I.D.1
  • 38
    • 0032609741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessory cardiac bronchus: 3D CT demonstration in nine cases
    • Ghaye B, Kos X, Dondelinger RF. Accessory cardiac bronchus: 3D CT demonstration in nine cases. Eur Radiol 1999;9:45-8.
    • (1999) Eur Radiol , vol.9 , pp. 45-48
    • Ghaye, B.1    Kos, X.2    Dondelinger, R.F.3
  • 42
    • 84942079802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gulio A, editor. Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine–A.P.I.C.E. Milan: Springer
    • Hedenstierna G. Effects of body position on ventilation/ perfusion matching. In: Gulio A, editor. Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine–A.P.I.C.E. Milan: Springer; 2005. p. 3-15.
    • (2005) Effects of Body Position on Ventilation/ Perfusion Matching , pp. 3-15
    • Hedenstierna, G.1
  • 44
    • 45149086135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • West JB. Last word on point: Counterpoint: Gravity is/is not the major factor determining the distribution of blood flow in the human lung
    • Hughes M, West JB. Last word on point: Counterpoint: Gravity is/is not the major factor determining the distribution of blood flow in the human lung. J Appl Physiol 2008;104:1539.
    • (2008) J Appl Physiol , vol.104 , pp. 1539
    • Hughes, M.1
  • 45
    • 78651150557 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of blood flow in isolated lung; relation to vascular and alveolar pressures
    • West JB, Dollery CT, Naimark A. Distribution of blood flow in isolated lung; relation to vascular and alveolar pressures. J Appl Physiol 1964;19:713-24.
    • (1964) J Appl Physiol , vol.19 , pp. 713-724
    • West, J.B.1    Dollery, C.T.2    Naimark, A.3
  • 46
    • 0014244526 scopus 로고
    • Effect of lung volume on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow in man
    • Hughes JM, Glazier JB, Maloney JE, West JB. Effect of lung volume on the distribution of pulmonary blood flow in man. Respir Physiol 1968;4:58-72.
    • (1968) Respir Physiol , vol.4 , pp. 58-72
    • Hughes, J.M.1    Glazier, J.B.2    Maloney, J.E.3    West, J.B.4
  • 48
    • 84942118767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory physiology and anaesthesia
    • Mills GH. Respiratory physiology and anaesthesia. Br J Anesth CEPD Rev 2001;1:35-9.
    • (2001) Br J Anesth CEPD Rev , vol.1 , pp. 35-39
    • Mills, G.H.1
  • 49
    • 0027211906 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of low concentrations of halothane and isoflurane as bronchodilators
    • Brown RH, Zerhouni EA, Hirshman CA. Comparison of low concentrations of halothane and isoflurane as bronchodilators. Anesthesiology 1993;78:1097-101.
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.78 , pp. 1097-1101
    • Brown, R.H.1    Zerhouni, E.A.2    Hirshman, C.A.3
  • 50
    • 0033860168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of bronchodilation during desflurane anesthesia: A comparison to sevoflurane and thiopental
    • Goff MJ, Arain SR, Ficke DJ, Uhrich TD, Ebert TJ. Absence of bronchodilation during desflurane anesthesia: A comparison to sevoflurane and thiopental. Anesthesiology 2000;93:404-8.
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.93 , pp. 404-408
    • Goff, M.J.1    Arain, S.R.2    Ficke, D.J.3    Uhrich, T.D.4    Ebert, T.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.