Receptor modelling of both particle composition and size distribution from a background site in London, UK

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 15, Issue 17, 2015, Pages 10107-10125

  Beddows, D C S ^a   Harrison, R M ^a,c   Green, D C ^b   Fuller, G W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); PARTICLE SIZE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; URBAN AREA; WIND DIRECTION; WIND VELOCITY;

ENGLAND; LONDON [ENGLAND]; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 84941269050     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-15-10107-2015     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Abdalmogith, S. S. and Harrison, R. M.: The use of trajectory cluster analysis to examine the long-range transport of secondary inorganic aerosol in the UK, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6686-6695, 2005.
2. AQEG: Particulate Matter in the UK, Air Quality Expert Group, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, available at: http://archive.defra.gov.uk/environment/ quality/air/airquality/publications/particulate-matter/documents/ pm-summary.pdf (last access: 1 August 2014), 2005.
3. Atkinson, R. W., Fuller, G. W., Anderson, H. R., Harrison, R. M., and Armstrong, B.: Urban ambient particle metrics and health: A time-series analysis, Epidemiology, 21, 501-511, 2010.
4. Beddows, D. C. S., DallOsto, M., Harrison, R. M., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Wiedensohler, A., Laj, P., Fjaeraa, A. M., Sellegri, K., Birmili, W., Bukowiecki, N., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U., Zdimal, V., Zikova, N., Putaud, J.-P., Marinoni, A., Tunved, P., Hansson, H.-C., Fiebig, M., Kivekas, N., Swietlicki, E., Lihavainen, H., Asmi, E., Ulevicius, V., Aalto, P. P., Mihalopoulos, N., Kalivitis, N., Kalapov, I., Kiss, G., de Leeuw, G., Henzing, B., ODowd, C., Jennings, S. G., Flentje, H., Meinhardt, F., Ries, L., Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., and Visschedijk, A. J. H.:Variations in tropospheric submicron particle size distributions across the European continent 2008-2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 4327-4348, doi:10.5194/acp-14-4327-2014, 2014.
5. Belis, C. A., Karagulian, F., Larsen, B. R., and Hopke, P. K.: Critical review and meta-analysis of ambient particulate matter source apportionment using receptor models in Europe, Atmos. Environ., 69, 94-108, 2013.
6. Bigi, A. and Harrison, R. M.: Analysis of the air pollution climate at a central urban background site, Atmos. Environ., 44, 2004- 2012, 2010.
7. Bohnenstengel, S. I., Belcher, S. E., Aiken, A., Allan, J. D., Allen, G., Bacak, A., Bannan, T. J., Barlow, J. F., Beddows, D. C. S., Bloss,W. J., Booth, A. M., Chemel, C., Coceal, O., Di Marco, C. F., Dubey, M. K., Faloon, K. H., Fleming, Z. L., Furger, M., Gietl, J. K., Graves, R. R., Green, D. C., Grimmond, C. S. B., Halios, C. H., Hamilton, J. F., Harrison, R. M., Heal, M. R., Heard, D. E., Helfter, C., Herndon, S. C., Holmes, R. E., Hopkins, J. R., Jones, A. M., Kelly, F. J., Kotthaus, S., Langford, B., Lee, J. D., Leigh, R. J., Lewis, A. C., Lidster, R. T., Lopez-Hilfiker, F. D., McQuaid, J. B., Mohr, C., Monks, P. S., Nemitz, E., Ng, N. L., Percival, C. J., Prevt, A. S. H., Ricketts, H. M. A., Sokhi, R., Stone, D., Thornton, J. A., Tremper, A. H., Valach, A. C., Visser, S., Whalley, L. K., Williams, L. R., Xu, L., Young, D. E., and Zotter, P.: Meteorology, air quality, and health in London: The ClearfLo project, Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 779-804, 2015.
8. Bressi, M., Sciare, J., Ghersi, V., Mihalopoulos, N., Petit, J.-E., Nicolas, J. B., Moukhtar, S., Rosso, A., Feron, A., Bonnaire, N., Poulakis, E., and Theodosi, C.: Sources and geographical origins of fine aerosols in Paris (France), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8813-8839, doi:10.5194/acp-14-8813-2014, 2014.
9. Carslaw, D. C. and Ropkins, K.: Openair - an R package for air quality data analysis, Environ Model Softw., 27-28, 52-61, 2012.
10. Cavalli, F., Viana, M., Yttri, K. E., Genberg, J., and Putaud, J.-P.: Toward a standardised thermal-optical protocol for measuring atmospheric organic and elemental carbon: the EUSAAR protocol, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 79-89, doi:10.5194/amt-3-79-2010, 2010.
11. Crilley, L. R., Bloss, W. J., Yin, J., Beddows, D. C. S., Harrison, R. M., Allan, J. D., Young, D. E., Flynn, M.,Williams, P., Zotter, P., Prevot, A. S. H., Heal, M. R., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H., Lee, J. D., Szidat, S., and Mohr, C.: Sources and contributions of wood smoke during winter in London: assessing local and regional influences, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3149-3171, doi:10.5194/acp- 15-3149-2015, 2015.
12. Cusack, M., Perez, N., Pey, J., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: Source apportionment of fine PM and sub-micron particle number concentrations at a regional background site in the western Mediterranean: a 2.5 year study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5173-5187, doi:10.5194/acp-13-5173-2013, 2013.
13. DallOsto, M., Beddows, D. C. S., Pey, J., Rodriguez, S., Alastuey, A., Harrison, R. M., and Querol, X.: Urban aerosol size distributions over the Mediterranean city of Barcelona, NE Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 10693-10707, doi:10.5194/acp-12- 10693-2012, 2012.
14. Defra: Valuing the Overall Impacts of Air Pollution, UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, March 2010.
15. Draxler, R. R. and Rolph, G. D.: HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single- Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READYWebsite, available at: http://ready.arl.noaa. gov/HYSPLIT.php (last access: October 2014), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, 2015.
16. Environmental Audit Committee: Report, available at: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/ cmenvaud/229/22902.htm (last access: 21 August 2015), March 2010.
17. Fuller, G. W., Tremper, A. H., Baker, T. D.,Yttri, K. E., and Butterfield, D.: Contribution of wood burning to PM10 in London, Atmos. Environ., 87, 87-94, 2014.
18. Harrison, R. M. and Yin, J.: Particulate Matter in the atmosphere: Which Particle properties are important for its effects on health?, Sci. Total Environ., 249, 85-101, 2000.
19. Harrison, R. M. and Yin, J.: Sources and processes affecting carbonaceous aerosol in central England, Atmos. Environ., 42, 1413-1423, 2008.
20. Harrison, R. M., Beddows, D. C. S., and DallOsto, M.: PMF analysis of wide-range particle size spectra collected on a major highway, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 5522-5528, 2011.
21. Harrison, R. M., Jones, A., Gietl, J., Yin, J., and Green, D.: Estimation of the contribution of brake dust, tire wear and resuspension to nonexhaust traffic particles derived from atmospheric measurements, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6523-6529, 2012.
22. Harrison, R. M., Beddows, D. C. S., Jones, A. M., Calvo, A., Alves, C., and Pio, C.: An evaluation of some issues regarding the use of aethalometers to measure woodsmoke concentrations, Atmos. Environ., 80, 540-548, 2013a.
23. Harrison, R. M., Jones, A. M., Beddows, D., and Derwent, R. G.: The effect of varying primary emissions on the concentrations of inorganic aerosols predicted by the enhanced UK photochemical trajectory model, Atmos. Environ., 69, 211-218, 2013b.
24. Johnson, G. R., Juwono, A. M., Friend, A. J., Cheung, H.-C., Stelcer, E., Cohen, D., Ayoko, G. A., and Morawska, L.: Relating urban airborne particle concentrations to shipping using carbon based elemental emission ratios, Atmos. Environ., 95, 525-536, 2014.
25. Kelly, F. J. and Fussell, J. C.: Size, source and chemical composition as determinants of toxicity attributable to ambient particulate matter, Atmos. Environ., 60, 504-526, 2012.
26. Lee, E., Chan, C. K., and Paatero, P.: Application of positive matrix factorization in source apportionment of particulate pollutants in Hong Kong, Atmos. Environ., 33, 3201-3212, 1999.
27. Met Office: Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations Data (1853-current), NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre, 2012.
28. Minguillon, M. C., Cirach, M., Hoek, G., Brunekreef, B., Tsai, M., de Hoogh, K., Jedynska, A., Kooter, I. M., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., and Querol, X.: Spatial variability of trace elements and sources for improved exposure assessment in Barcelona, Atmos. Environ., 89, 268-281, 2014.
29. Mostofsky, E., Schwartz, J., Coull, G. A., Koutrakis, P., Wellenius, G. A., Suh, H. H., Gold, D. R., and Mittleman, M. A.: Modeling the association between particle constituents of air pollution and health outcomes, Am. J. Epidemiol. Adv., 176, 317-26, 2012.
30. NPL: Airborne Particulate Concentrations and Numbers in the United Kingdom (phase 3), Annual report 2012, Teddington, NPL Report AS 83, 2013.
31. Official Journal of the European Union: Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe, L152, 1- 44, http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ: L:2008:152:0001:0044:EN:PDF (last access: February 2014), 2008.
32. Ogulei, D., Hopke, P. K., and Wallace, L. A.: Analysis of indoor particle size distributions in an occupied townhouse using positive matrix factorization, Indoor Air, 16, 204-215, 2006a.
33. Ogulei, D., Hopke, P. K., Zhou, L., Pancras, J. P., Nair, N., and Ondov, J. M.: Source apportionment of Baltimore aerosol from combined size distribution and chemical composition data, Atmos. Environ., 40, S396-S410, 2006b.
34. Ostro, B., Tobias, A., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Amato, F., Pey, J., Perez, N., and Sunyer, J.: The effects of particulate matter sources on daily mortality: A case-crossover study of Barcelona, Spain, Environ. Health Persp., 119, 1781-1787, 2011.
35. Paatero, P. and Tapper U.: Positive matrix factorization: A nonnegative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, 5, 111-126, 1994.
36. Paatero, P., Hopke, P. K., Song, X.-H., and Ramadan, Z.: Understanding and controlling rotations in factor analytic models, Chemometr. Intell. Lab., 60, 253-264, 2002.
37. Pey, J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Rodriguez, S., Putaud, J. P., and Van Dingenen, R.: Source apportionment of urban fine and ultrafine particle number concentration in a Western Mediterranean city, Atmos. Environ., 43, 4407-4415, 2009.
38. Pey, J., Perez, N., Cortes, J., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: Chemical fingerprint and impact of shipping emissions over a western Mediterranean metropolis: Primary and aged contributions, Sci. Total Environ., 463-464, 497-507, 2013.
39. Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., and Paatero, P.: Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska - 2. Elemental composition and sources, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 9045-19057, doi:10.1029/98JD01212, 1998.
40. Pope, C. A. and Dockery, D. W.: Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: Lines that connect, J. Air Waste Manage., 56, 709-742, 2006.
41. Sandradewi, J., Prevot, A. S. H., Weingartner, E., Schmidhauser, R., Gysel, M., and Baltensperger, U.: A study of wood burning and traffic aerosols in an Alpine valley using a multi-wavelength Aethalometer, Atmos. Environ., 42, 101-112, 2008.
42. Thorpe, A. and Harrison, R. M.: Sources and properties of nonexhaust particulate matter from road traffic: A review, Sci. Total Environ., 400, 270-282, 2008.
43. Thurston, G. D., Ito, K., Mar, T., Christensen, W. F., Eatough, D. J., Henry, R. C., Kim, E., Laden, F., Lall, R., Larson, T. V., Liu, H., Neas, L., Pinto, J., Stolzel, M., Suh, H., and Hopek, P. K.: Workgroup Report: Workshop on source apportionment of particulate matter health effects - Intercomparsion of results and implications, Environ. Health. Persp., 113, 1768-1774, 2005.
44. Viana, M., Kuhlbusch, T. A. J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Harrison, R. M., Hopke, P. K., Winiwarter, W., Vallius, M., Szidat, S., Prevot, A. S. H., Hueglin, C., Bloemen, H., Wahlin, P., Vecchi, R., Miranda, A. I., Kasper-Giebl, A., Maenhaut, W., and Hitzenberger, R.: Source apportionment of particulate matter in europe: a review of methods and results, J. Aerosol Sci., 39, 827-849, 2008.
45. Viana, M., Hammingh, P., Colette, A., Querol, X., Degraeuwe, B., de Vlieger, I., van Aardenne, J.: Impact of maritime transport emissions on coastal air quality in Europe, Atmos. Environ., 90, 96-105, 2014.
46. WHO: Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution - REVIHAAP Project, Technical Report, World Health Organisation, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Denmark, 2013.
47. Wiedensohler, A., Birmili, W., Nowak, A., Sonntag, A., Weinhold, K., Merkel, M., Wehner, B., Tuch, T., Pfeifer, S., Fiebig, M., Fjaraa, A. M., Asmi, E., Sellegri, K., Depuy, R., Venzac, H., Villani, P., Laj, P., Aalto, P., Ogren, J. A., Swietlicki, E., Williams, P., Roldin, P., Quincey, P., Huglin, C., Fierz-Schmidhauser, R., Gysel, M., Weingartner, E., Riccobono, F., Santos, S., Gruning, C., Faloon, K., Beddows, D., Harrison, R., Monahan, C., Jennings, S. G., ODowd, C. D., Marinoni, A., Horn, H.-G., Keck, L., Jiang, J., Scheckman, J., McMurry, P. H., Deng, Z., Zhao, C. S., Moerman, M., Henzing, B., de Leeuw, G., Loschau, G., and Bastian, S.: Mobility particle size spectrometers: harmonization of technical standards and data structure to facilitate high quality long-term observations of atmospheric particle number size distributions, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 657-685, doi:10.5194/amt- 5-657-2012, 2012.
48. Yin, J., Cumberland, S. A., Harrison, R. M., Allan, J., Young, D. E., Williams, P. I., and Coe, H.: Receptor modelling of fine particles in southern England using CMB including comparison with AMS-PMF factors, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2139-2158, doi:10.5194/acp-15-2139-2015, 2015.
49. Young, D. E., Allan, J. D., Williams, P. I., Green, D. C., Flynn, M. J., Harrison, R. M., Yin, J., Gallagher, M.W., and Coe, H.: Investigating the annual behaviour of submicron secondary inorganic and organic aerosols in London, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6351- 6366, doi:10.5194/acp-15-6351-2015, 2015.
50. Zhao, M., Zhang, Y., Ma, W., Fu, Q., Xin, Y., Li, C., Zhou, B., Yu, Q., and Chen, L.: Characteristics and ship traffic source identification of air pollutants in Chinas largest port, Atmos. Environ., 64, 277-286, 2013.