Variations in tropospheric submicron particle size distributions across the European continent 2008-2009

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 14, Issue 8, 2014, Pages 4327-4348

  Beddows, D C S ^a   Dall'Osto, M ^b   Harrison, R M ^a,c   Kulmala, M ^d   Asmi, A ^d   Wiedensohler, A ^e   Laj, P ^f   Fjaeraa, A M ^g   Sellegri, K ^h   Birmili, W ^e   Bukowiecki, N ⁱ   Weingartner, E ⁱ   Baltensperger, U ⁱ   Zdimal, V ^j   Zikova, N ^j   Putaud, J P ^k   Marinoni, A ^l   Tunved, P ^m   Hansson, H C ^m   Fiebig, M ^g   Kivekas N ^n,o   Swietlicki, E ⁿ   Lihavainen, H ^o   Asmi, E ^o   Ulevicius, V ^p   Aalto, P P ^d   Mihalopoulos, N ^q   Kalivitis, N ^q   Kalapov, I ^r   Kiss, G ^s   De Leeuw, G ^d,o,t   Henzing, B ^t   O'Dowd, C ^u   Jennings, S G ^u   Flentje, H ^v   Meinhardt, F ^w   Ries, L ^w   Denier Van Der Gon, H A C ^t   Visschedijk, A J H ^t   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUT DE CIÈNCIES DEL MAR   (Spain)

^c KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^e LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR TROPOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (Germany)

^f UNIV GRENOBLE ALPES   (France)

^g NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR AIR RESEARCH   (Norway)

^h UNIVERSITÉ CLERMONT AUVERGNE   (France)

ⁱ PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUTE   (Switzerland)

^j INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL PROCESS FUNDAMENTALS   (Czech Republic)

^k JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

^l INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES AND CLIMATE   (Italy)

^m STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

ⁿ LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^o FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^p CENTER FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY   (Lithuania)

^q UNIVERSITY OF CRETE   (Greece)

^r INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY   (Bulgaria)

^s MTA PE Air Chemistry Research Group   (Hungary)

^t TNO   (Netherlands)

^u NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND   (Ireland)

^v DEUTSCHER WETTERDIENST   (Germany)

^w German Federal Environment Agency (UBA)   (Germany)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; PARTICLE SIZE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; TROPOSPHERE;

EUROPE;

EID: 84899741670     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-4327-2014     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. Alam, A., Shi, J. P., and Harrison, R. M.: Observations of new particle formation in urban air, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4093-4107, 2003.
2. Asmi, A., Wiedensohler, A., Laj, P., Fjaeraa, A.-M., Sellegri, K., Birmili, W., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U., Zdimal, V., Zikova, N., Putaud, J.-P., Marinoni, A., Tunved, P., Hansson, H.-C., Fiebig, M., Kivekäs, N., Lihavainen, H., Asmi, E., Ulevicius, V., Aalto, P. P., Swietlicki, E., Kristensson, A., Mihalopoulos, N., Kalivitis, N., Kalapov, I., Kiss, G., de Leeuw, G., Henzing, B., Harrison, R. M., Beddows, D., O'Dowd, C., Jennings, S. G., Flentje, H., Weinhold, K., Meinhardt, F., Ries, L., and Kulmala, M.: Number size distributions and seasonality of submicron particles in Europe 2008-2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5505-5538, doi:10.5194/acp-11-5505-2011, 2011.
3. Beddows, D. C. S., Dall'Osto, M. and Harrison, R. M.: Cluster Analysis of Rural, Urban and Curbside Atmospheric Particle Size Data, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 4694-4700, 2009.
4. Birmili, W., Weinhold, K., Nordmann, S., Wiedensohler, A.,Spindler, G., Müller, K., Herrmann, H., Gnauk, T., Pitz, M.,Cyrys, J., Flentje, H., Nickel, C., Kulhbusch, T., Lschau, G.,Haase, D., Meinhardt, F., Schwerin, A., Ries, L. and Wirtz, K.: Atmospheric aerosol measurements in the German Ultrafine Aerosol Network (GUAN)-Part 1: Soot and particle number distributions, Gefahrst. Reinhalt. L., 69, 137-145, 2009.
5. Boulon, J., Sellegri, K., Venzac, H., Picard, D., Weingartner, E., Wehrle, G., Collaud Coen, M., Bütikofer, R., Flückiger, E., Baltensperger, U., and Laj, P.: New particle formation and ultrafine charged aerosol climatology at a high altitude site in the Alps (Jungfraujoch, 3580m a.s.l., Switzerland), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9333-9349, doi:10.5194/acp-10- 9333-2010, 2010.
6. Boulon, J., Sellegri, K., Hervo, M., Picard, D., Pichon, J.-M., Fréville, P., and Laj, P.: Investigation of nucleation events vertical extent: a long term study at two different altitude sites, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5625-5639, doi:10.5194/acp-11-5625-2011, 2011.
7. Central Intelligence Agency: TheWorld Factbook 2009, Central Intelligence Agency, Washington DC, USA, Appendix D: crossreference list of country data, 2013.
8. Charron, A. and Harrison, R. M.: Primary particle formation from vehicle emissions during exhaust dilution in the roadside atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 37, 4109-4119, 2003. (Pubitemid 36962831)
9. Charron, A., Birmili, W., and Harrison, R. M.: Factors influencing new particle formation at the rural site, Harwell, United Kingdom, J. Geophys. Res., 112, 4210, doi:10.1029/2007JD008425, 2007. (Pubitemid 47439661)
10. Costabile, F., Birmili, W., Klose, S., Tuch, T., Wehner, B., Wiedensohler, A., Franck, U., König, K., and Sonntag, A.: Spatiotemporal variability and principal components of the particle number size distribution in an urban atmosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3163-3195, doi:10.5194/acp-9-3163- 2009, 2009.
11. Dall'Osto, M., Monahan, C., Greaney R., Beddows, D. C. S., Harrison, R. M., Ceburnis, D. and O'Dowd, C. D.: A statistical analysis of North East Atlantic (submicron) aerosol size distributions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12567-12578, doi:10.5194/acp-11-12567-2011, 2011a.
12. Dall'Osto, M., Thorpe, A., Beddows, D. C. S., Harrison, R. M., Barlow, J. F., Dunbar, T., Williams, P. I., and Coe, H.: Remarkable dynamics of nanoparticles in the urban atmosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 6623-663, doi:10.5194/acp-11-6623-2011, 2011b.
13. Denier van der Gon, H., Visschedijk, A., Johansson, C., Ntziachristos, L., and Harrison, R. M.: Size-resolved pan-European anthropogenic particle number inventory , paper presented at International Aerosol conference (oral), 29/8-3/9 2010, Helsinki, 2010.
14. EEA CSI 004-Exceedance of air quality limit values in urban areas (version 2), available at: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/ #c5=&c7=all&c0=10&b-start=0 (last access: November 2012), 2009.
15. Eleftheriadis, K., Colbeck, I., Housiadas, C., Lazaridis, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Mitsakou, C., Smolík, J., and Ždímal, V.: Size distribution, composition and origin of the submicron aerosol in the marine boundary layer during the eastern Mediterranean "SUB-AERO" experiment, Atmos. Environ., 40, 6245-6260, 2006. (Pubitemid 44314173)
16. Harrison, R. M, Beddows, D. C. S., and Dall'Osto, M.: PMF analysis of wide-range particle size spectra collected on a major highway, Environ. Sci. Technol., 5522-5528, 2011.
17. Harrison, R. M. and Jones, A. M.:Multisite study of particle number concentrations in urban air, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 6063-6070, 2005.
18. Hartigan, J. A. and Wong, M. A.: A k-means clustering algorithm., App. Statist., 28, 100-108, 1979.
19. Hildebrandt, L., Engelhart, G. J., Mohr, C., Kostenidou, E., Lanz, V. A., Bougiatioti, A., DeCarlo, P. F., Prevot, A. S. H., Baltensperger, U., Mihalopoulos, N., Donahue, N. M., and Pandis, S. N.: Aged organic aerosol in the Eastern Mediterranean: the Finokalia Aerosol Measurement Experiment-2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4167-4186, doi:10.5194/acp-10-4167-2010, 2010.
20. Kopanakis, I., Chatoutsidou, S. E., Torseth, K., Glytsos, T., and Lazaridis, M.: Particle number size distribution in the eastern Mediterranean: Formation and growth rates of ultrafine airborne atmospheric particles, Atmos. Environ., 77, 790-802, 2013.
21. Kulmala, M., Vehkamäki, H., Petaäjä , T., Dal Maso, M., Lauri, A., Kerminen, V.-M., Birmili, W., and McMurry, P. H.: Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: A review of observations, J. Aerosol Sci., 35, 143-176, 2004. (Pubitemid 38115144)
22. Philippin, S., Laj, P. and Putaud, J.-P., Wiedensohler, A., de Leeuw, G., Fjaeraa, A., Platt, U., Baltensperger, U., and Fiebig, M.: EUSAAR An Unprecedented Network of Aerosol Observation in Europe, Earozoru Kenkyu, 24, 78-83, 2009.
23. R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, ISBN 3-900051-07-0, http://www.R-project.org/, 2010.
24. Reddington, C. L., Carslaw, K. S., Spracklen, D. V., Frontoso, M. G., Collins, L., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Hamburger, T., Coe, H., Kulmala, M., Aalto, P., Flentje, H., Plass-Dülmer, C., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Wehner, B., Tuch, T., Sonntag, A., O'Dowd, C. D., Jennings, S. G., Dupuy, R., Baltensperger, U., Weingartner, E., Hansson, H.-C., Tunved, P., Laj, P., Sellegri, K., Boulon, J., Putaud, J.-P., Gruening, C., Swietlicki, E., Roldin, P., Henzing, J. S., Moerman, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kouvarakis, G., Ždímal, V., Zíková, N., Marinoni, A., Bonasoni, P. and Duchi, R.: Primary versus secondary contributions to particle number concentrations in the European boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12007-12036, doi:10.5194/acp-11-12007-2011, 2011.
25. Ström, J., Umegard, J., Torseth, K., Tunved, P., Hansson, H.-C., Holmen, K., Wismann, V., Herber, A. and Konig-Langlo, G.: One year of particle size distribution and aerosol chemical composition measurements at the Zeppelin Station, Svalbard, March 2000-March 2001, Phys. Chem. Earth, 28, 1181-1190, 2003. (Pubitemid 37348318)
26. Tunved, P., Ström, J., and Krejci, R.: Arctic aerosol life cycle: linking aerosol size distributions observed between 2000 and 2010 with air mass transport and precipitation at Zeppelin station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3643-3660, doi:10.5194/acp-13-3643-2013, 2013.
27. Venzac, H., Sellegri, K., Laj, P., Villani, P., Bonasoni, P., Marinoni, A., Cristofanelli, P., Calzolari, F., Fuzzi, S., Decesari, S., Facchini, M.-C., Vuillermoz, E., and Verza, G. P.: High frequency new particle formation in the Himalayas, PNAS, Vol. 105, 15666-15671, 2008.
28. Väänänen, R., Kyrö, E.-M., Nieminen, T., Kivekäs, N., Junninen, H., Virkkula, A., Dal Maso, M., Lihavainen, H., Viisanen, Y., Svenningsson, B., Holst, T., Arneth, A., Aalto, P. P., Kulmala, M., and Kerminen, V.-M.: Analysis of particle size distribution changes between three measurement sites in northern Scandinavia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 11887-11903, doi:10.5194/acp-13-11887-2013, 2013.
29. Von Bismarck-Osten, C., Birmili, B., Ketzel, M., Massling, A., Petaja, T., and Weber, S.: Characterization of parameters influencing the spatio-temporal variability of urban particle number size distributions in four European cites, Atmos. Environ., 77, 415-429, 2013.
30. Wiedensohler, A., Birmili, W., Nowak, A., Sonntag, A., Weinhold, K., Merkel, M., Wehner, B., Tuch, T., Pfeifer, S., Fiebig, M., Fjäraa, A. M., Asmi, E., Sellegri, K., Depuy, R., Venzac, H., Villani, P., Laj, P., Aalto, P., Ogren, J. A., Swietlicki, E., Williams, P., Roldin, P., Quincey, P., Hüglin, C., Fierz-Schmidhauser, R., Gysel, M., Weingartner, E., Riccobono, F., Santos, S., Grüning, C., Faloon, K., Beddows, D., Harrison, R., Monahan, C., Jennings, S. G., O'Dowd, C. D., Marinoni, A., Horn, H.-G., Keck, L., Jiang, J., Scheckman, J., McMurry, P. H., Deng, Z., Zhao, C. S., Moerman, M., Henzing, B., de Leeuw, G., Löschau, G., and Bastian, S.: Mobility particle size spectrometers: harmonization of technical standards and data structure to facilitate high quality long-term observations of atmospheric particle number size distributions, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 657-685, doi:10.5194/amt-5-657-2012, 2012.
31. Zhang, T., Ramakrishnan, R., and Livny, M.: BIRCH: A New Data Clustering Algorithm and Its Applications, Data Min. Knowl. Disc., 1, 141-182, 1997.