Chronic widespread dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum: A syndrome associated with a Trichophyton-specific functional defect of phagocytes

Frontiers in Microbiology

Volumn 6, Issue AUG, 2015, Pages

  de Sousa, Maria Glória T ^a   Santana, Grazielle B ^a   Criado, Paulo R ^a   Benard, Gil ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Dermatophytosis; Immunodeficiency; Innate immunity; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Trichophyton rubrum

Indexed keywords

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12P70; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; NITRIC OXIDE; PHORBOL MYRISTATE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; ZYMOSAN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHEMILUMINESCENCE IMMUNOASSAY; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONIDIUM; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DERMATOPHYTOSIS; FEMALE; HOST PATHOGEN INTERACTION; HUMAN; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT; INNATE IMMUNITY; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MALE; NEUTROPHIL; PHAGOCYTOSIS; SECRETION (PROCESS); SKIN DEFECT; TINEA PEDIS; TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM;

EID: 84940992735     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1664302X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00801     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Ahmed, A. R., Schreiber, P., Aiello, J., Tiwari, J. L., and Terasaki, P. I. (1985). A preliminary report on the role of some immunologic factors in persistence of chronic tinea pedis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 10, 45-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.1985.tb02551.x
2. Alves, G. M., Barão, M. A., Odo, L. N., Nascimento, G. G., Franco, M. C., Nigro, D., et al. (2002). L-Arginine effects on blood pressure and renal function of intrauterine restricted rats. Pediatr. Nephrol. 17, 856-862. doi: 10.1007/s00467-002-0941-z
3. Amulic, B., Cazalet, C., Hayes, G. L., Metzler, K. D., and Zychlinsky, A. (2012). Neutrophil function: from mechanisms to disease. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 30, 459-489. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-074942
4. Balci, D. D., and Cetin, M. (2008). Widespread, chronic, and fluconazole-resistant Trichophyton rubrum infection in an immunocompetent patient. Mycoses 51, 546-548. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01505.x
5. Baltazar, L. M., Santos, P. C., Paula, T. P., Rachid, M. A., Cisalpino, O. S., Souza, D. G., et al. (2014). IFN-γ impairs Trichophyton rubrum proliferation in a murine model of dermatophytosis through the production of IL-1β and reactive oxygen species. Med. Mycol. 52, 293-302. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myt011
6. Böyum, A. (1968). Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Isolation of mononuclear cells by one centrifugation, and of granulocytes by combining centrifugation and sedimentation at 1 g. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl. 97, 77-89.
7. Brasch, J. (2009). Current knowledge of host response in human tinea. Mycoses 52, 304-312. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01667.x
8. Brasch, J., Martens, H., and Sterry, W. (1993). Langerhans cell accumulation in chronic tinea pedis and pityriasis versicolor. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 18, 329-332. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.1993.tb02209.x
9. Brasch, J., and Sterry, W. (1992). Immunophenotypical characterization of inflammatory cellular infiltrates in tinea. Acta Derm. Venereol. 72, 345-347.
10. Calderon, R. A. (1989). Immunoregulation of dermatophytosis. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 16, 339-368. doi: 10.3109/10408418909104472
11. Calvi, S. A., Peraçoli, M. T., Mendes, R. P., Marcondes-Machado, J., Fecchio, D., Marques, S. A., et al. (2003). Effect of cytokines on the in vitro fungicidal activity of monocytes from paracoccidioidomycosis patients. Microbes Infect. 05, 107-113. doi: 10.1016/S1286-4579(02)00078-3
12. Cambier, L., Weatherspoon, A., Defaweux, V., Bagut, E. T., Heinen, M. P., Antoine, N., et al. (2014). Assessment of the cutaneous immune response during Arthroderma benhamiae and A. vanbreuseghemii infection using an experimental mouse model. Br. J. Dermatol. 170, 625-633. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12673
13. Campos, M. R., Russo, M., Gomes, E., and Almeida, S. R. (2006). Stimulation, inhibition and death of macrophages infected with Trichophyton rubrum. Microbes Infect. 8, 372-379. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2005.07.028
14. Cordeiro, R. A., Brilhante, R. S., and Rocha, M. F. (2006). Antifungal susceptibility and genetic similarity of sequential isolates of Trichophyton rubrum from an immunocompetent patient with chronic dermatophytosis. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 31, 122-124. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01976.x
15. Costa-Orlandi, C. B., Magalhães, G. M., Oliveira, M. B., Taylor, E. L., Marques, C. R., and de Resende-Stoianoff, M. A. (2012). Prevalence of dermatomycosis in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital. Mycopathologia 174, 489-497. doi: 10.1007/s11046-012-9576-1
16. Dahl, M. V., and Grando, S. A. (1994). Chronic dermatophytosis: what is special about Trichophyton rubrum? Adv. Dermatol. 9, 97-109.
17. de Luca, L. S., and Gommerman, J. L. (2012). Fine-tuning of dendritic cell biology by the TNF superfamily. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12, 339-351. doi: 10.1038/nri3193
18. Dinarello, C. A. (2009). Immunological and inflammatory functions of the interleukin-1 family. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27, 519-550. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132612
19. Franco, R. C. (2001). Deep dermatophytosis in a post transplant recipient. Int. J. Dermatol. 40, 363. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01096.x
20. Ginhoux, F., Tacke, F., Angeli, V., Bogonovic, M., Loubeau, M., Dai, X. M., et al. (2006). Langerhans cells arise from monocytes in vivo. Nat. Immunol. 7, 265-273. doi: 10.1038/ni1307
21. Gorani, A., Schiera, A., and Oriani, A. (2002). Case Report. Widespread tinea corporis due to Trichophyton rubrum. Mycoses. 45, 195-197.
22. Gregurek-Novak, T. I., Rabatic, S., and Silobrcic, V. (1993). Defective phagocytosis in chronic trichophytosis. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 31, 115-120. doi: 10.1080/02681219380000131
23. Hanifin, J. M., Ray, L. F., and Lobitz, W. C. Jr. (1974). Immunological reactivity in dermatophytosis. Br. J. Dermatol. 90, 1-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06355.x
24. Hay, R. J., Calderon, R. A., and Mackenzie, C. D. (1988). Experimental dermatophytosis in mice: correlation between light and electron microscopic changes in primary, secondary and chronic infections. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 69, 703-716.
25. Hay, R. J., and Shennan, G. (1982). Chronic dermatophyte infections II. Antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. Br. J. Dermatol. 106, 191-198.
26. Horwitz, M. A., and Silverstein, S. C. (1980). Influence of the Escherichia coli capsule on complement fixation and on phagocytosis and killing by human phagocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 65, 82-94. doi: 10.1172/JCI109663
27. Jones, H. E., Reinhardt, J. H., and Rinaldi, M. G. (1973). A clinical, mycological, and immunological survey for dermatophytosis. Arch. Dermatol. 108, 61-65. doi: 10.1001/archderm.1973.01620220033008
28. Koga, T., Shimizu, A., and Nakayama, J. (2001). Interferon-gamma production in peripheral lymphocytes of patients with tinea pedis: comparison of patients with and without tinea unguium. Med. Mycol. 39, 87-90. doi: 10.1080/714030994
29. Kong, Q. T., Du, X., Yang, R. S. Y., Huang, S. H., and Liu, W. D. (2015). Chronically recurrent and widespread tinea corporis due to Trycophyton rubtum in an immunocompetent patient. Mycopathologia 179, 293-297. doi: 10.1007/s11046-014-9834-5
30. Lanternier, F., Pathan, S., Vincent, Q. B., Liu, L., Cipowyi, S., Prando, C., et al. (2013). Deep dermatophytosis and inherited CARD9 deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 369, 1704-1714. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1208487
31. Lionakis, M. S., and Holland, S. M. (2013). CARD9: at the intersection of mucosal and systemic antifungal immunity. Blood 121, 2377-2378. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-480434
32. Marconi, V. C., Kradin, R., Marty, F. M., Hospenthal, D. R., and Kotton, C. N. (2010). Disseminated dermatophytosis in a patient with hereditary hemochromatosis and hepatic cirrhosis: case report and review of the literature. Med. Mycol. 48, 518-527. doi: 10.3109/13693780903213512
33. Miyata, T., Fujimura, T., Masuzawa, M., Katsuoka, K., and Nishiyama, S. (1996). Local expression of IFN-gamma mRNA in skin lesions of patients with dermatophytosis. J. Dermatol. Sci. 13, 167-171. doi: 10.1016/S0923-1811(96)00546-4
34. Regev-Shoshani, G., Crowe, A., and Miller, C. C. (2013). A nitric oxide-releasing solution as a potential treatment for fungi associated with tinea pedis. J. Appl. Microbiol. 114, 536-544. doi: 10.1111/jam.12047
35. Santiago, K., Bomfim, G. F., Criado, P. R., and Almeida, S. R. (2014). Monocyte-derived dendritic cells from patients with dermatophytosis restrict the growth of Trichophyton rubrum and induce CD4-T cell activation. PLoS ONE 9:e110879. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110879
36. Schenk, M., Fabri, M., Krutzik, S. R., Lee, D. J., Vu, D. M., Sieling, P. A., et al. (2014). Interleukin-1β triggers the differentiation of macrophages with enhanced capacity to present mycobacterial antigen to T cells. Immunology 141, 174-180. doi: 10.1111/imm.12167
37. Seebacher, C., Bouchara, J. P., and Mignon, B. (2008). Updates on the epidemiology of dermatophyte infections. Mycopathologia 166, 335-352. doi: 10.1007/s11046-008-9100-9
38. Sentamilselvi, G., Kamalam, A., Ajithadas, K., Janaki, C., and Thambiah, A. S. (1997-1998). Scenario of chronic dermatophytosis: an Indian study. Mycopathologia 140, 129-135. doi: 10.1023/A:1006843418759
39. Seyfarth, F., Ziemer, M., Gräser, Y., Elsner, P., and Hipler, U. C. (2007). Widespread tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton rubrum with non-typical cultural characteristics-diagnosis via PCR. Mycoses 50, 26-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2007.01427.x
40. Smith, K. J., Welsh, M., and Skelton, H. (2001). Trichophyton rubrum showing deep dermal invasion directly from the epidermis in immunosuppressed patients. Br. J. Dermatol. 145, 344-348. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04331.x
41. Svejgaard, E., Jakobsen, B., and Svejgaard, A. (1983). HLA studies in chronic dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Acta Dermatovener. 62, 289-293.
42. Tsang, P., Hopkins, T., and Jimenez-Lucho, V. (1996). Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum in a patient with AIDS. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 34, 1090-1091. doi: 10.1016/S0190-9622(96)90298-4
43. Vittorio, C. C. (1997). Widespread tinea corporis in an immunocompetent patient resistant to all conventional forms of treatment. Cutis 60, 283-285.
44. Zaias, N., and Rebell, G. (1996). Chronic dermatophytosis syndrome due to Trichophyton rubrum. Int. J. Dermatol. 35, 614-617. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03682.x