Return of fear in rats due to context change, delay of testing, and their combination;Regreso del miedo en ratas debido al cambio de contexto, la demora de prueba y su combinación

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 155-165

  Tamai, Noriko ^a   Nakajima, Sadahiko ^b  

^a Japan   (Japan)

^b KWANSEI GAKUIN UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Conditioned fear; Context; Extinction; Rats; Renewal; Spontaneous recovery

Indexed keywords

EID: 84940741021     PISSN: 01854534     EISSN: 20070802     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5514/rmac.v41.i2.63746     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Annau, Z., & Kamin, L. J. (1961). The conditioned emotional responses as a function of the intensity of the US. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 54, 428-432.
2. Beeman, E. Y., Hartman, T. F., & Grant, D. A. (1960). Supplementary report: Influence of intertrial interval during extinction on spontaneous recovery of conditioned eyelid responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 279-280.
3. Bouton, M. E. (1988). Context and ambiguity in the extinction of emotional learning: implications for exposure therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 26, 137-149.
4. Bouton, M. E. (1993). Context, time, and memory retrieval in the interference paradigms of Pavlovian learning. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 80-99.
5. Bouton, M. E. (1994). Conditioning, remembering, and forgetting. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 20, 219-231.
6. Bouton, M. E. (2000). A learning theory perspective on lapse, relapse, and the maintenance of behavior change. Health Psychology, 19, 57-63.
7. Bouton, M. E. (2002). Context, ambiguity, and unlearning: Sources of relapse after behavioral extinction. Biological Psychiatry, 52, 976-986.
8. Bouton, M. E. (2004). Context and behavioral processes in extinction. Learning & Memory, 11, 485-494.
9. Bouton, M. E. (2014). Why behavior change is difficult to sustain. Preventive Medicine, 68, 29-36.
10. Bouton, M. E., & García-Gutiérrez, A. (2006). Intertrial interval as a contextual stimulus. Behavioural Processes, 71, 307-317.
11. Bouton, M. E., & Nelson, J. B. (1998). The role of context in classical conditioning: Some implications for cognitive behavior therapy. In W. O’Donohue (Ed.), Learning and behavior therapy (pp. 59-84). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
12. Bouton, M. E., Nelson, J. B., & Rosas, J. M. (1999). Stimulus generalization, context change, and forgetting. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 171-186.
13. Bouton, M. E., & Swartzentruber, D. (1991). Sources of relapse after extinction in Pavlovian and instrumental learning. Clinical Psychology Review, 11, 123-140.
14. Bouton, M. E., Westbrook, R. F., Corcoran, K. A., & Maren, S. (2006). Contextual and temporal modulation of extinction: Behavioral and biological mechanisms. Biological Psychiatry 60, 352-360.
15. Bouton, M. E., Winterbauer, N. E., & Todd, T. P. (2012). Relapse processes after the extinction of instrumental learning: Renewal, resurgence, and reacquisition. Behavioural Processes, 90, 130-141.
16. Bouton, M. E., Woods, A. M., Moody, E. W., Sunsay, C., & García-Gutiérrez, A. (2006). Counteracting the context-dependence of extinction: Relapse and tests of some relapse prevention methods. In M. G. Craske, D. Hermans, & D. Vansteenwegen (Eds.), Fear and learning: Basic science to clinical application (pp. 175-196). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
17. Brooks, D. C., & Bouton, M. E. (1993). A retrieval cue for extinction attenuates spontaneous recovery. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 19, 77-89.
18. Brooks, D. C., & Bouton, M. E. (1994). A retrieval cue for extinction attenuates response recovery (renewal) caused by a return to the conditioning context. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 20, 366-379.
19. Delamater, A. R., Campese, V., & Westbrook, R. F. (2009). Renewal and spontaneous recovery, but not latent inhibition, are mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid in appetitive conditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 35, 224-237.
20. Delgado, M. R., Olsson, A., & Phelps, E. A. (2006). Extending animal models of fear conditioning to humans. Biological Psychology, 73, 39-48.
21. Laborda, M.A., & Miller, R.R. (2013). Preventing recovery from extinction in an animal model of anxiety: Additive effects of massive extinction and extinction in multiple contexts. Behavior Therapy, 44, 249-261.
22. Milad, M. R., Rauch, S. L., Pitman, R. K., & Quirk, G. J. (2006). Fear extinction in rats: Implications for human brain imaging and anxiety disorders. Biological Psychology, 73, 61-71.
23. Mineka, S., Mystkowski, J. L., Hladek, D., & Rodriguez, B. I. (1999). The effects of changing contexts on return of fear following exposure therapy for spider fear. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 599-604.
24. Myers, K. M., & Davis, M. (2007). Mechanisms of fear extinction. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 120-150.
25. Mystkowski, J. L., Craske, M. G., & Echiverri, A. M. (2002). Treatment context and return of fear in spider phobia. Behavior Therapy, 33, 399-416.
26. Mystkowski, J. L., Craske, M. G., Echiverri, A. M., & Labus, J. S. (2006). Mental reinstatement of context and return of fear in spider-fearful participants. Behavior Therapy, 37, 49-60.
27. Nakajima, S. (2014). Renewal of signaled shuttle box avoidance in rats. Learning and Motivation, 46, 27-43.
28. Rachman, S. (1989). The return of fear: Review and prospect. Clinical Psychology Review, 9, 147-168.
29. Rescorla, R. A. (2004). Spontaneous recovery. Learning & Memory, 11, 501-509.
30. Rodriguez, B. I., Craske, M. G., Mineka, S., & Hladek, D. (1999). Context-specificity of relapse: Effects of therapist and environmental context on return of fear. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, 845-862.
31. Rosas, J. M., & Bouton, M. E. (1998). Context change and retention interval can have additive, rather than interactive, effects after taste aversion extinction. Animal Learning & Behavior, 5, 79-83.
32. Rosas, J. M., Vila, N. J., Lugi, M., & López, L. (2001). Combined effect of context change and retention interval on interference in causality judgment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 27, 153-164.
33. Tamai, N., & Nakajima, S. (2000). Renewal of formerly conditioned fear in rats after extensive extinction training. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 13, 137-147.
34. Todd, T. P., Vurbic, D., & Bouton, M. E. (2014). Behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of extinction in Pavlovian and instrumental learning. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 108, 52-64.
35. Urcelay, G. P., Wheeler, D. S., & Miller, R. R. (2009). Spacing extinction trials alleviates renewal and spontaneous recovery. Learning & Behavior, 37, 60-73.
36. Vansteenwegen, V., Vervliet, B., Iberico, C., Baeyens, F., Van den Bergh, O., & Hermans, D. (2007). The repeated confrontation with videotapes of spiders in multiple contexts attenuates renewal of fear in spider-anxious students. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 1169-1179.
37. Vervliet, B., Baeyens, F., Van den Bergh, O., & Hermans, D. (2013). Extinction, generalization and return of fear: A critical review of renewal research in humans. Biological Psychology, 92, 51-58.
38. Vurbic , D., & Bouton , M. E. (2014). A contemporary behavioral perspective on extinction. In F. K. McSweeney & E. S. Murphy (Eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of operant and classical conditioning (pp. 53-76). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
39. Woods, A., & Bouton, M. E. (2008). Immediate extinction causes a less durable loss of performance than delayed extinction following either fear or appetitive conditioning. Learning & Memory, 15, 909-920.