Universal health insurance coverage for 1.3 billion people: What accounts for China's success?

Health Policy

Volumn 119, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 1145-1152

  Yu, Hao ^a  

^a RAND CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

China; Health care reform; Health insurance; Universal coverage

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHINA; ECONOMIC ASPECT; EPIDEMIC; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; GOVERNMENT; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; LEADERSHIP; MIGRANT WORKER; POLITICS; PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE; RESPONSIBILITY; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; SOCIAL ASPECT; COST CONTROL; INSURANCE; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM EVALUATION; REIMBURSEMENT; SARS CORONAVIRUS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

CHINA; COST CONTROL; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FINANCING, GOVERNMENT; HEALTH CARE REFORM; HUMANS; INSURANCE, HEALTH; POLITICS; PROGRAM EVALUATION; REIMBURSEMENT, INCENTIVE; SARS VIRUS; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; UNIVERSAL COVERAGE;

EID: 84940614590     PISSN: 01688510     EISSN: 18726054     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.07.008     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Liang L., Langenbrunner J.C. The long march to universal coverage: Lessons from China. Universal Health Coverage (UNICO) studies series 2013, 9. World Bank, Washington DC.
2. Yip W.C.-M., Hsiao W.C., Chen W., Hu S., Ma J., Maynard A. Early appraisal of China's huge and complex health-care reforms. The Lancet 2012, 379(9818):833-842.
3. Khan N, Loo D. China-Style Obamacare for 1 Billion People Saves Toddler, Bloomberg News; September 10, 2013.
4. Meng Q., Tang S. Universal health care coverage in China: Challenges and opportunities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013, 77(0):330-340. [22.04.2013].
5. Tang S., Meng Q., Chen L., Bekedam H., Evans T., Whitehead M. Tackling the challenges to health equity in China. The Lancet 2008, 372(9648):1493-1501.
6. Hu S., Tang S., Liu Y., Zhao Y., Escobar M.-L., de Ferranti D. Reform of how health care is paid for in China: Challenges and opportunities. The Lancet 2008, 372(9652):1846-1853.
7. Li L. China Healthcare Reform, A presentation at China Center for Economic Research, Peking University, Beijing, China; July 20, 2007.
8. Xueshan F., Shenglan T., Bloom G., Segall M., Xingyuan G. Cooperative medical schemes in contemporary rural China. Social Science & Medicine 1995, 41(8):1111-1118.
9. Liu Y. Reforming China's urban health insurance system. Health Policy 2002, 60(2):133-150.
10. Wang N., Gericke C., Sun H. Comparison of health care financing schemes before and after market reforms in China's urban areas. Frontiers of Economics in China 2009, 4(2):173-191. [01.06.2009].
11. Carrin G., Ron A., Hui Y., Hong W., Tuohong Z., Licheng Z., et al. The reform of the rural cooperative medical system in the People's Republic of China: Interim experience in 14 pilot counties. Social Science & Medicine 1999, 48(7):961-972.
12. Wagstaff A., Lindelow M., Wang S., Zhang S. Reforming China's rural health system 2009, The World Bank, Washington DC.
13. Yu H, Lucas L. Financing health care in poor rural counties in China: Experiences from a township-based co-operative medical scheme. IDS Working Paper 66, the Institute of Development Studies, at the University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RE, UK; 1998.
14. Fan M. Health care tops list of concerns in China. Washington Post; January 10, 2008. p. 7.
15. World Health Organization Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November 2002 to 31 July 2003 2004, Available from: 〈http://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/index.html〉 [accessed on 08.08.13].
16. Smith R.D. Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management. Social Science & Medicine 2006, 63(12):3113-3123.
17. Lee J, McKibbin W. Estimating the global economic costs of SARS. In: Knobler S, Mahmoud A, Lemon S, et al., editors. Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Microbial Threats. Learning from SARS. Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak. Workshop Summary. Washington DC: National Academies Press, US; 2004.
18. Dong Z, Phillips MR. Evolution of China's health-care system. The Lancet.372(9651):1715-1716.
19. Ge Y., Gong S. China's health care reform: Problems, causes, and solutions 2007, China Development Press, Beijing, [June].
20. World Bank Office in Beijing. Quarterly Update, November 2005. Washington DC: The World Bank; 2005.
21. Wang H. A dilemma of Chinese healthcare reform: How to re-define government roles?. China Economic Review 2009, 20(4):598-604.
22. Zhang D., Unschuld P.U. China's barefoot doctor: Past, present, and future. The Lancet 2008, 372(9653):1865-1867.
23. Blumenthal D., Hsiao W. Privatization and its discontents-The evolving Chinese health care system. New England Journal of Medicine 2005, 353(11):1165-1170.
24. De Geyndt W, Zhao X, Liu S. From barefoot doctor to village doctor in rural China. World Bank Technical Paper No. 187. Asia Technical Department Series, Washington DC: World Bank; 1992.
25. Cui W. China's village doctors take great strides. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2008, 86(12):909.
26. Zhang Z. A retrospective study on Chinese rural cooperative medical system. Chinese Rural Health Care Management 1994, 14:4-9.
27. Zhu N.S., Ling Z.H., Shen J., Lane J.M., Hu S.L. Factors associated with the decline of the cooperative medical system and barefoot doctors in rural China. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1989, 67(4):431-441.
28. Tao D., Hawkins L., Wang H., Langenbrunner J., Zhang S., Dredge R. Fixing the public hospital system in China 2010, The World Bank, Washington DC.
29. Ma J., Lu M., Quan H. From a national, centrally planned health system to a system based on the market: Lessons from China. Health Affairs (Millwood) 2008, 27(4 [July-Aug]):937-948.
30. Hsiao W.C.L. The Chinese health care system: Lessons for other nations. Social Science & Medicine 1995, 41(8):1047-1055.
31. Martineau T., Gong Y., Tang S. Changing medical doctor productivity and its aff ecting factors in rural China. International Journal of Health Planning and Management 2004, 19(2):101-111.
32. OECD Library. Health at a glance: Europe. Available from: 〈http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/health-at-a-glance-europe-2010_health_glance-2010-en〉 2010 [accessed 08.06. 13].
33. Watts J. China's rural health reforms tackle entrenched inequalities. The Lancet 2006, 367(9522):1564-1565.
34. The Economist. Privatisation with Chinese characteristics: The hidden costs of state capitalism; September 3, 2011. Available from: 〈http://www.economist.com/node/21528264〉 [accessed on 08.10.13].
35. Du J. Economic reforms and health insurance in China. Social Science and Medicine 2009, 69:387-395.
36. Yu L. Health care reform: A different viewpoint-An inclusive interview with professor Ling Li, Southern Weekend; October 10, 2007. Available from: 〈http://www.infzm.com/content/7768/2〉 [accessed 08.08.13].
37. Zhang Y, Li L. Directions of future health care reform: To be dominated by the government or by the market? Daily News of Law; January 1, 2007.
38. Shou P. Gao Qiang (The Minister of Health): Health care reform can never follow the route of marketization. Southern Weekend; March 15, 2007.
39. Yang Y. New plan for health care reform: Abandoning the path to be dominated by the market and responding to the public's demand (Editorial). China Net; April 8, 2009.
40. Xinhua News Agency. Hu Jintao: Building up a basic health care system to cover both urban and rural residents-A speech at the 35th study session of the 16th Central Committee's Political Bureau; October 24, 2005. Available from: 〈http://politics.people.com.cn/GB/1024/4954631.html〉 [accessed 18.06.10].
41. Central Committee of the Communist Party, State Council of People's Republic of China. The standing conference of State Council of China adopted guidelines for furthering the reform of health-care system in principle. Available from: 〈http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2009-04/06/content_11138803.htm〉 (in Chinese), [accessed 05.07.11].
42. China SCoPsRo. Current major tasks on health care system reform (2009-2011). Available from: 〈http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2009-04/07/content_1279256.htm〉 (in Chinese) [accessed 18.07.2010].
43. Breslin S. Why growth equals power-And why it shouldn't: Constructing visions of China. Journal of Asian Public Policy 2008, 1(1):3-17.
44. Cueto M. The ORIGINS of primary health care and SELECTIVE primary health care. American Journal of Public Health 2004, 94(11):1864-1874.
45. Feng C. President Hu promises bigger government role in public health. China Daily; October 24, 2006. Available from: 〈http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2006-10/24/content_715952.htm〉 [accessed 10.03.10].
46. Bloom G. Building institutions for an effective health system: Lessons from China's experience with rural health reform. Social Science & Medicine 2011, 72(8):1302-1309.
47. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Report on women and children's health development in China. Beijing, China: Ministry of Health; 2011.
48. Lei X., Lin W. The new cooperative medical scheme in rural China: Does more coverage mean more service and better health?. Health Economics 2009, 18(S2):S25-S46.
49. Wagstaff A., Lindelow M. Can insurance increase financial risk?: The curious case of health insurance in China. Journal of Health Economics 2008, 27(4):990-1005.
50. Sun Q., Liu X., Meng Q., Tang S., Yu B., Tolhurst R. Evaluating the financial protection of patients with chronic disease by health insurance in rural China. International Journal for Equity in Health 2009, 8(1):42.
51. Sun X., Jackson S., Carmichael G., Sleigh A.C. Catastrophic medical payment and financial protection in rural China: Evidence from the new cooperative medical scheme in Shandong province. Health Economics 2009, 18(1):103-119.
52. Meng Q., Xu L., Zhang Y., Qian J., Cai M., Xin Y., et al. Trends in access to health services and financial protection in China between 2003 and 2011: A cross-sectional study. The Lancet 2012, 379(9818):805-814.
53. Babiarz K.S., Miller G., Yi H., Zhang L., Rozelle S. New evidence on the impact of China's New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme and its implications for rural primary healthcare: Multivariate difference-in-difference analysis. British Medical Journal 2010, 341:c5617-c5626.
54. Han Y. China's Minister of Health Publicly Acknowledges That Out-of-Pocket Medical Expenditures Are Still High. United Daily News (Lian He Zao Bao); January 7, 2011.
55. WHO. Sustainable health financing, universal coverage and social health Insurance. Ninth plenary meeting; 2005. Eighth report.
56. Brixi H, Mu Y, Targa B, Hipgrave D. Equity and public governance in health system reform challenges and opportunities for China. Policy Research Working Paper 5530, Washington DC: The World Bank; 2011.
57. Huang M. Vice Minister of Public Security: Setting up New Household Registration System by 2020. CCTV News Channel; December 17, 2013. Available from: 〈http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2013-12-17/062329002775.shtml〉 [accessed 20.12.13].
58. Gan B. China's 2013 Report on the development of migrant Populations released. Health Daily; September 11, 2013.
59. Barber SL, Yao L. Health insurance systems in China: A briefing note. World Health Report (2010). Background Paper 37. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2010.
60. Pressly L. Middle class China turns to private health insurance. BBC News; 18 July 2011. Available from: 〈http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14141740〉 [accessed 08.10.13].
61. Renahy E, Quesnel-Vallée A. Private health insurance and health inequalities in a national health system. Available from: 〈http://paa2014.princeton.edu/papers/140623〉 [accessed 18.06.14].
62. Carme B., Fernandez E., Schiaffino A., Benach J., Rajmil L., Villalbí J., et al. Social class inequalities in the use of and access to health services in Catalonia, Spain: What is the influence of supplemental private health insurance?. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 2001, 13(2):117-125.
63. Ng A., Dyckerhoff C.S., Then F. Private health insurance in China: Finding the winning formula. Health International 2012, 12:75-82. [Published by McKinsey & Company, 2012].
64. Chen L., Xu D. Trends in China's reforms: The Rashomon effect. The Lancet 2012, 379(9818):782-783.
65. Chou Y. Minister of Health, Chen Zhu: China will evaluate the implementation of health care reform. Xinhua News Agency; June 4, 2010. Available from: 〈http://news.sohu.com/20100614/n272803746.shtml〉 [accessed 08.10.13].
66. Savedoff W.D., de Ferranti D., Smith A.L., Fan V. Political and economic aspects of the transition to universal health coverage. The Lancet 2012, 380:332-924.
67. Rodin J., de Ferranti D. Universal health coverage: the third global health transition?. The Lancet 2012, 380:861-862.
68. Wagstaff A. Health systems in East Asia: What can developing countries learn from Japan and the Asian Tigers? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3790, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433, USA; 2005.
69. Xing-Yuan G., Sheng-Lan T. Reform of the Chinese health care financing system. Health Policy. 1995, 32(1-3):181-191.