메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 371-389

A comparison of the growth and cooling effectiveness of five commonly planted urban tree species

Author keywords

Cooling effectiveness; Evapotranspiration; Growth; Leaf area index (LAI); Stomatal conductivity; Stress tolerance

Indexed keywords


EID: 84939878221     PISSN: 10838155     EISSN: 15731642     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11252-014-0407-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (154)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 84863785030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of tree shade and grass on surface and globe temperatures in an urban area
    • Armson D, Stringer P, Ennos AR (2012) The effect of tree shade and grass on surface and globe temperatures in an urban area. Urban For Urban Green 11:245–255
    • (2012) Urban For Urban Green , vol.11 , pp. 245-255
    • Armson, D.1    Stringer, P.2    Ennos, A.R.3
  • 2
    • 84880102929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the shading effectiveness of five different urban tree species
    • Armson D, Rahman MA, Ennos AR (2013) A comparison of the shading effectiveness of five different urban tree species. Arboric Urban For 39(4):157–164
    • (2013) Arboric Urban For , vol.39 , Issue.4 , pp. 157-164
    • Armson, D.1    Rahman, M.A.2    Ennos, A.R.3
  • 4
    • 11444264420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental controls on sap flow in a northern hardwood forest
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2crkvV2ltA%3D%3D, PID: 1551998
    • Bovard BD, Curtis PS, Vogel CS, Su HB, Schmid HP (2005) Environmental controls on sap flow in a northern hardwood forest. Tree Physiol 25(1):31–38
    • (2005) Tree Physiol , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-38
    • Bovard, B.D.1    Curtis, P.S.2    Vogel, C.S.3    Su, H.B.4    Schmid, H.P.5
  • 5
    • 57649114876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring and modeling the variation in species-specific transpiration in temperate deciduous hardwoods
    • PID: 1876537
    • Bowden JD, Bauerle WL (2008) Measuring and modeling the variation in species-specific transpiration in temperate deciduous hardwoods. Tree Physiol 28(11):1675–1683
    • (2008) Tree Physiol , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 1675-1683
    • Bowden, J.D.1    Bauerle, W.L.2
  • 6
    • 62449186148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trees in Town II A new survey of Urban trees in England and their condition and management. Research for Amenity Trees No
    • Communities and Local Government, London
    • Britt C, Johnston M (2008) Trees in Town II A new survey of Urban trees in England and their condition and management. Research for Amenity Trees No. 9. Communities and Local Government, London
    • (2008)
    • Britt, C.1    Johnston, M.2
  • 7
    • 0036210244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling whole-tree transpiration and canopy photosynthesis in coniferous and broad-leaved tree species
    • Catovsky S, Holbrook NM, Bazzaz FA (2002) Coupling whole-tree transpiration and canopy photosynthesis in coniferous and broad-leaved tree species. Can J For Res 32(2):295–309. doi:10.1139/x01-199
    • (2002) Can J For Res , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 295-309
    • Catovsky, S.1    Holbrook, N.M.2    Bazzaz, F.A.3
  • 8
    • 0000092104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban vs. natural sugar maple growth: i. stress symptoms and phenology in relation to site characteristics
    • Close RE, Nguyen PV, Kielbaso JJ (1996) Urban vs. natural sugar maple growth: i. stress symptoms and phenology in relation to site characteristics. J Arboric 22(3):144–150
    • (1996) J Arboric , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 144-150
    • Close, R.E.1    Nguyen, P.V.2    Kielbaso, J.J.3
  • 9
    • 0003032927 scopus 로고
    • Exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and chlorophyll content in slash pine
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltFSmt7w%3D, PID: 1497290
    • Curran PJ, Dungan JL, Gholz HL (1990) Exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and chlorophyll content in slash pine. Tree Physiol 7(1–4):33–48
    • (1990) Tree Physiol , vol.7 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 33-48
    • Curran, P.J.1    Dungan, J.L.2    Gholz, H.L.3
  • 10
    • 80052285317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the mediterranean urban environment on photosynthetic efficiency of quercus ilex leaves
    • De Nicola F, Alfani A, D’Ambrosio N (2011) Impact of the mediterranean urban environment on photosynthetic efficiency of quercus ilex leaves. Water Air Soil Pollut 220(1–4):151–160. doi:10.1007/s11270-011-0742-8
    • (2011) Water Air Soil Pollut , vol.220 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 151-160
    • De Nicola, F.1    Alfani, A.2    D’Ambrosio, N.3
  • 11
    • 0001310651 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effect of excessive light on chlorophyll fluorescence (77 k) and photon yield of O2 evolution in leaves of higher-plants
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXktlKrsbY%3D, PID: 2422732
    • Demmig B, Bjorkman O (1987) Comparison of the effect of excessive light on chlorophyll fluorescence (77 k) and photon yield of O2 evolution in leaves of higher-plants. Planta 171(2):171–184. doi:10.1007/bf00391092
    • (1987) Planta , vol.171 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-184
    • Demmig, B.1    Bjorkman, O.2
  • 12
    • 0028813962 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indexes and discriminant-analysis
    • Filella I, Serrano L, Serra J, Penuelas J (1995) Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indexes and discriminant-analysis. Crop Sci 35(5):1400–1405
    • (1995) Crop Sci , vol.35 , Issue.5 , pp. 1400-1405
    • Filella, I.1    Serrano, L.2    Serra, J.3    Penuelas, J.4
  • 13
    • 0037356853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between leaf chlorophyll content and spectral reflectance and algorithms for non-destructive chlorophyll assessment in higher plant leaves
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjs1eitrg%3D, PID: 1274908
    • Gitelson AA, Gritz Y, Merzlyak MN (2003) Relationships between leaf chlorophyll content and spectral reflectance and algorithms for non-destructive chlorophyll assessment in higher plant leaves. J Plant Physiol 160(3):271–282. doi:10.1078/0176-1617-00887
    • (2003) J Plant Physiol , vol.160 , Issue.3 , pp. 271-282
    • Gitelson, A.A.1    Gritz, Y.2    Merzlyak, M.N.3
  • 14
    • 0036401512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive significance of evergreen vs. deciduous leaves: solving the triple paradox
    • Givnish TJ (2002) Adaptive significance of evergreen vs. deciduous leaves: solving the triple paradox. Silva Fenn 36(3):703–743
    • (2002) Silva Fenn , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 703-743
    • Givnish, T.J.1
  • 15
    • 0346270618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and carbohydrate content of Illicium taxa grown under varied irradiance
    • Griffin JJ, Ranney TG, Pharr DM (2004) Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and carbohydrate content of Illicium taxa grown under varied irradiance. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 129(1):46–53
    • (2004) J Am Soc Hortic Sci , vol.129 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-53
    • Griffin, J.J.1    Ranney, T.G.2    Pharr, D.M.3
  • 16
    • 82155171376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using multiple radiometric correction images to estimate leaf area index
    • Gu Z, Shi X, Li L, Yu D, Liu L, Zhang W (2011) Using multiple radiometric correction images to estimate leaf area index. Int J Remote Sens 32(24):9441–9454
    • (2011) Int J Remote Sens , vol.32 , Issue.24 , pp. 9441-9454
    • Gu, Z.1    Shi, X.2    Li, L.3    Yu, D.4    Liu, L.5    Zhang, W.6
  • 17
    • 0000916687 scopus 로고
    • Energy savings with trees
    • Heisler GM (1986) Energy savings with trees. J Arboric 12(5):113–125
    • (1986) J Arboric , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 113-125
    • Heisler, G.M.1
  • 20
    • 2342512295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting stress in southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) and sand live oak (Q. virginiana var. Geminata)
    • Kent D, Halcrow D, Wyatt T, Shultz S (2004) Detecting stress in southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) and sand live oak (Q. virginiana var. Geminata). J Arboric 30(3):146–153
    • (2004) J Arboric , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 146-153
    • Kent, D.1    Halcrow, D.2    Wyatt, T.3    Shultz, S.4
  • 21
    • 0031986485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban tree transpiration over turf and asphalt surfaces
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnvVWgt7s%3
    • Kjelgren R, Montague T (1998) Urban tree transpiration over turf and asphalt surfaces. Atmos Environ 32(1):35–41
    • (1998) Atmos Environ , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-41
    • Kjelgren, R.1    Montague, T.2
  • 22
    • 0002536933 scopus 로고
    • Using soil and foliar analysis to diagnose the nutritional status of urban trees
    • Kopinga J, Van Den Burg J (1995) Using soil and foliar analysis to diagnose the nutritional status of urban trees. J Arboric 21(1):17–24
    • (1995) J Arboric , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-24
    • Kopinga, J.1    Van Den Burg, J.2
  • 23
    • 11844298488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of error in estimating stand transpiration using allometric relationships between stem diameter and sapwood area for cryptomeria japonica and chamaecyparis obtusa
    • Kumagai T, Nagasawa H, Mabuchi T, Ohsaki S, Kubota K, Kogi K, Utsumi Y, Koga S, Otsuki K (2005) Sources of error in estimating stand transpiration using allometric relationships between stem diameter and sapwood area for cryptomeria japonica and chamaecyparis obtusa. For Ecol Manag 206(1–3):191–195. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.066
    • (2005) For Ecol Manag , vol.206 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 191-195
    • Kumagai, T.1    Nagasawa, H.2    Mabuchi, T.3    Ohsaki, S.4    Kubota, K.5    Kogi, K.6    Utsumi, Y.7    Koga, S.8    Otsuki, K.9
  • 25
    • 0036758307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tilia’s physical dimensions over time
    • Larsen FK, Kristoffersen P (2002) Tilia’s physical dimensions over time. J Arboric 28(5):209–214
    • (2002) J Arboric , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 209-214
    • Larsen, F.K.1    Kristoffersen, P.2
  • 26
    • 0036597387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: Stomata vs. metabolism and the role of ATP
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlsVeitLk%3D, PID: 1210251
    • Lawlor DW (2002) Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: Stomata vs. metabolism and the role of ATP. Ann Bot 89:871–885. doi:10.1093/aob/mcf110
    • (2002) Ann Bot , vol.89 , pp. 871-885
    • Lawlor, D.W.1
  • 27
    • 70449528777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree surface temperature in an urban environment
    • Leuzinger S, Vogt R, Korner C (2010) Tree surface temperature in an urban environment. Agric For Meteorol 150(1):56–62. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.006
    • (2010) Agric For Meteorol , vol.150 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-62
    • Leuzinger, S.1    Vogt, R.2    Korner, C.3
  • 28
    • 0000938262 scopus 로고
    • The role of vegetation in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaF3sXkt1Sktr0%3
    • Lieth H (1963) The role of vegetation in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere. J Geophys Res 68:3887–3898
    • (1963) J Geophys Res , vol.68 , pp. 3887-3898
    • Lieth, H.1
  • 29
    • 0035889563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early detection of the effects of warm storage on conifer seedlings using physiological tests
    • Maki DS, Colombo SJ (2001) Early detection of the effects of warm storage on conifer seedlings using physiological tests. For Ecol Manag 154(1–2):237–249. doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00630-7
    • (2001) For Ecol Manag , vol.154 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 237-249
    • Maki, D.S.1    Colombo, S.J.2
  • 30
    • 0034063592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjtF2js74%3D, PID: 1093885
    • Maxwell K, Johnson GN (2000) Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide. J Exp Bot 51(345):659–668. doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.345.659
    • (2000) J Exp Bot , vol.51 , Issue.345 , pp. 659-668
    • Maxwell, K.1    Johnson, G.N.2
  • 32
    • 33846521845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The accuracy of neural network and regression leaf area estimators in the Amazon Basin
    • Menzies J, Jensen RR, Brondizio E, Moran E, Mausel P (2007) The accuracy of neural network and regression leaf area estimators in the Amazon Basin. Gisci Remote Sens 44:82–92
    • (2007) Gisci Remote Sens , vol.44 , pp. 82-92
    • Menzies, J.1    Jensen, R.R.2    Brondizio, E.3    Moran, E.4    Mausel, P.5
  • 33
    • 0002511255 scopus 로고
    • The two-dimensional energy budget of a forest edge with field-measurements at a forest parking lot interface
    • Miller DR (1980) The two-dimensional energy budget of a forest edge with field-measurements at a forest parking lot interface. Agric Meteorol 22(1):53–78. doi:10.1016/0002-1571(80)90028-x
    • (1980) Agric Meteorol , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-78
    • Miller, D.R.1
  • 34
    • 34249073609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water loss estimates for five recently transplanted landscape tree species in a semi-arid climate
    • Montague T, Kjelgren R, Allen R, Wester D (2004) Water loss estimates for five recently transplanted landscape tree species in a semi-arid climate. J Environ Hortic 22(4):189–196
    • (2004) J Environ Hortic , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 189-196
    • Montague, T.1    Kjelgren, R.2    Allen, R.3    Wester, D.4
  • 36
    • 4243276961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interactions between urban forests and global climate change
    • Abdollahi KK, Ning HZ, Appeaning A, (eds), Franklin Press, Inc., LA
    • Nowak DJ (2000) The interactions between urban forests and global climate change. In: Abdollahi KK, Ning HZ, Appeaning A (eds) Global climate change & the urban forest. Franklin Press, Inc., LA, pp 31–44
    • (2000) Global climate change & the urban forest , pp. 31-44
    • Nowak, D.J.1
  • 37
    • 0036306789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of urban tree management and species selection on atmospheric carbon dioxide
    • Nowak DJ, Stevens JC, Sisinni SM, Luley CJ (2002) Effects of urban tree management and species selection on atmospheric carbon dioxide. J Arboric 28(3):113–122
    • (2002) J Arboric , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 113-122
    • Nowak, D.J.1    Stevens, J.C.2    Sisinni, S.M.3    Luley, C.J.4
  • 38
    • 0024923709 scopus 로고
    • The micrometeorology of the urban forest
    • Oke TR (1989) The micrometeorology of the urban forest. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 324(1223):335–349. doi:10.1098/rstb.1989.0051
    • (1989) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.324 , Issue.1223 , pp. 335-349
    • Oke, T.R.1
  • 39
    • 0031971473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaling xylem sap flux and soil water balance and calculating variance: a method for partitioning water flux in forests
    • Oren R, Phillips N, Katul G, Ewers BE, Pataki DE (1998) Scaling xylem sap flux and soil water balance and calculating variance: a method for partitioning water flux in forests. Ann Sci For 55(1–2):191–216. doi:10.1051/forest:19980112
    • (1998) Ann Sci For , vol.55 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 191-216
    • Oren, R.1    Phillips, N.2    Katul, G.3    Ewers, B.E.4    Pataki, D.E.5
  • 40
    • 79960286099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of drought-tolerant plants for roadside greening-an evaluation of chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator to screen for drought tolerance
    • Ow LF, Yeo TY, Sim EK (2011) Identification of drought-tolerant plants for roadside greening-an evaluation of chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator to screen for drought tolerance. Urban For Urban Green 10(3):177–184. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2011.03.001
    • (2011) Urban For Urban Green , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 177-184
    • Ow, L.F.1    Yeo, T.Y.2    Sim, E.K.3
  • 41
    • 0242666982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species differences in stomatal control of water loss at the canopy scale in a mature bottomland deciduous forest
    • Pataki DE, Oren R (2003) Species differences in stomatal control of water loss at the canopy scale in a mature bottomland deciduous forest. Adv Water Resour 26(12):1267–1278. doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2003.08.001
    • (2003) Adv Water Resour , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 1267-1278
    • Pataki, D.E.1    Oren, R.2
  • 42
    • 79953039514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transpiration of urban forests in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
    • PID: 2163903
    • Pataki DE, McCarthy HR, Litvak E, Pincetl S (2011) Transpiration of urban forests in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Ecol Appl 21(3):661–677. doi:10.1890/09-1717.1
    • (2011) Ecol Appl , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 661-677
    • Pataki, D.E.1    McCarthy, H.R.2    Litvak, E.3    Pincetl, S.4
  • 43
    • 0141783884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban street tree plantings: indentifying the key requirements
    • Pauleit S (2003) Urban street tree plantings: indentifying the key requirements. Proc Inst Civ Eng Munic Eng 156(1):43–50
    • (2003) Proc Inst Civ Eng Munic Eng , vol.156 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-50
    • Pauleit, S.1
  • 44
    • 1842588716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of physiological tests as predictors of young tree establishment and growth
    • Percival GC (2004) Evaluation of physiological tests as predictors of young tree establishment and growth. J Arboric 30(2):80–91
    • (2004) J Arboric , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 80-91
    • Percival, G.C.1
  • 45
    • 33646701395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the drought tolerance of Fraxinus genotypes for urban landscape plantings
    • Percival GC, Keary IP, Al-Habsi S (2006) An assessment of the drought tolerance of Fraxinus genotypes for urban landscape plantings. Urban For Urban Green 5(1):17–27. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2006.03.002
    • (2006) Urban For Urban Green , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-27
    • Percival, G.C.1    Keary, I.P.2    Al-Habsi, S.3
  • 46
    • 0022829518 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and diurnal patterns in leaf gas-exchange of eucalyptus globulus trees growing in portugal
    • Pereira JS, Tenhunen JD, Lange OL, Beyschlag W, Meyer A, David MM (1986) Seasonal and diurnal patterns in leaf gas-exchange of eucalyptus globulus trees growing in portugal. Can J For Res 16(2):177–184. doi:10.1139/x86-033
    • (1986) Can J For Res , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 177-184
    • Pereira, J.S.1    Tenhunen, J.D.2    Lange, O.L.3    Beyschlag, W.4    Meyer, A.5    David, M.M.6
  • 47
    • 77958141304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological and environmental controls on tree transpiration in a suburban landscape. J Geophys Res 115
    • Peters EB, McFadden JP, Montgomery RA (2010) Biological and environmental controls on tree transpiration in a suburban landscape. J Geophys Res 115. doi:G04006 0.1029/2009jg001266
    • (2010) doi:G04006 0.1029/2009jg001266
    • Peters, E.B.1    McFadden, J.P.2    Montgomery, R.A.3
  • 48
    • 79251613843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal contributions of vegetation types to suburban evapotranspiration. J Geophys Res 116
    • Peters EB, Hiller RV, McFadden JP (2011) Seasonal contributions of vegetation types to suburban evapotranspiration. J Geophys Res 116. doi:G01003 10.1029/2010jg001463
    • (2011) doi:G01003 10.1029/2010jg001463
    • Peters, E.B.1    Hiller, R.V.2    McFadden, J.P.3
  • 49
    • 26044440113 scopus 로고
    • Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlorophyll standards by atomic absorption spectroscopy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXkvFehtL4%3
    • Porra RJ, Thompson WA, Kriedemann PE (1989) Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlorophyll standards by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta 975:384–394
    • (1989) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.975 , pp. 384-394
    • Porra, R.J.1    Thompson, W.A.2    Kriedemann, P.E.3
  • 50
    • 45449087252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The oasis effect in an extremely hot and arid climate: the case of southern Israel
    • Potchter O, Goldman D, Kadish D, Iluz D (2008) The oasis effect in an extremely hot and arid climate: the case of southern Israel. J Arid Environ 72(9):1721–1733. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.03.004
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , Issue.9 , pp. 1721-1733
    • Potchter, O.1    Goldman, D.2    Kadish, D.3    Iluz, D.4
  • 51
    • 79960277832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rooting conditions on the growth and cooling ability of Pyrus calleryana
    • Rahman MA, Smith JG, Stringer P, Ennos AR (2011) Effect of rooting conditions on the growth and cooling ability of Pyrus calleryana. Urban For Urban Green 10(3):185–192. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2011.05.003
    • (2011) Urban For Urban Green , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-192
    • Rahman, M.A.1    Smith, J.G.2    Stringer, P.3    Ennos, A.R.4
  • 53
    • 84984535985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorophyll fluorescence, predawn water potential and photosynthesis in precipitation pulse-driven ecosystems - implications for ecological studies
    • Resco V, Ignace DD, Sun W, Huxman TE, Weltzin JF, Williams DG (2008) Chlorophyll fluorescence, predawn water potential and photosynthesis in precipitation pulse-driven ecosystems - implications for ecological studies. Funct Ecol 22(3):479–483. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01396.x
    • (2008) Funct Ecol , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 479-483
    • Resco, V.1    Ignace, D.D.2    Sun, W.3    Huxman, T.E.4    Weltzin, J.F.5    Williams, D.G.6
  • 54
    • 2542494314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mixed results concerning the ’oasis effect’ in a rural settlement in the Negev Desert, Israel
    • Saaroni H, Bitan A, Ben Dor E, Feller N (2004) The mixed results concerning the ’oasis effect’ in a rural settlement in the Negev Desert, Israel. J Arid Environ 58(2):235–248. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2003.08.010
    • (2004) J Arid Environ , vol.58 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-248
    • Saaroni, H.1    Bitan, A.2    Ben Dor, E.3    Feller, N.4
  • 55
    • 0033909026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation as a climatic component in the design of an urban street - an empirical model for predicting the cooling effect of urban green areas with trees
    • Shashua-Bar L, Hoffman ME (2000) Vegetation as a climatic component in the design of an urban street - an empirical model for predicting the cooling effect of urban green areas with trees. Energy Build 31(3):221–235
    • (2000) Energy Build , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 221-235
    • Shashua-Bar, L.1    Hoffman, M.E.2
  • 56
    • 0027830283 scopus 로고
    • The effect of trees on summertime below canopy urban climates: a case study Bloomington, Indiana
    • Souch CA, Souch C (1993) The effect of trees on summertime below canopy urban climates: a case study Bloomington, Indiana. J Arboric 19(5):303–312
    • (1993) J Arboric , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 303-312
    • Souch, C.A.1    Souch, C.2
  • 57
    • 77954191113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic apparatus efficiency of eight tree taxa as an indicator of their tolerance to urban environments
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXosFSlt7c%3
    • Swoczyna T, Kalaji HM, Pietkiewicz S, Borowski J, Zaras-Januszkiewicz E (2010) Photosynthetic apparatus efficiency of eight tree taxa as an indicator of their tolerance to urban environments. Dendrobiol 63:65–75
    • (2010) Dendrobiol , vol.63 , pp. 65-75
    • Swoczyna, T.1    Kalaji, H.M.2    Pietkiewicz, S.3    Borowski, J.4    Zaras-Januszkiewicz, E.5
  • 58
    • 34249777116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sap flux-upscaled canopy transpiration, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency in an old growth forest in the Great Lakes region of the United States. J Geophys Res 111 (G2)
    • Tang J, Bolstad PV, Ewers BE, Desai AR, Davis KJ, Carey EV (2006) Sap flux-upscaled canopy transpiration, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency in an old growth forest in the Great Lakes region of the United States. J Geophys Res 111 (G2). doi:G02009 10.1029/2005jg000083
    • (2006) doi:G02009 10.1029/2005jg000083
    • Tang, J.1    Bolstad, P.V.2    Ewers, B.E.3    Desai, A.R.4    Davis, K.J.5    Carey, E.V.6
  • 59
    • 20844434947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the spread and current distribution of Pyrus calleryana in the United States
    • Vincent MA (2005) On the spread and current distribution of Pyrus calleryana in the United States. Castanea 70(1):20–31
    • (2005) Castanea , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-31
    • Vincent, M.A.1
  • 61
    • 0033711438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf water relations and stomatal behavior of four allopatric eucalyptus species planted in Mediterranean southwestern Australia
    • PID: 1265149
    • White DA, Turner NC, Galbraith JH (2000) Leaf water relations and stomatal behavior of four allopatric eucalyptus species planted in Mediterranean southwestern Australia. Tree Physiol 20(17):1157–1165
    • (2000) Tree Physiol , vol.20 , Issue.17 , pp. 1157-1165
    • White, D.A.1    Turner, N.C.2    Galbraith, J.H.3
  • 62
    • 0015653884 scopus 로고
    • Carbon in the Biota. Woodwell, George M and Erene V Pecan (Ed) U S Atomic Energy Commission Symposium Series, Vol 30 Carbon and the Biosphere Proceedings of the 24th Brookhaven Symposium in Biology Upton, N Y, USa, May 16–18, 1972 Vii + 392p Illus United States Atomic Energy Commission (Dist by the National Technical Information Service: Springfield
    • Whittaker RH, Likens GE (1973) Carbon in the Biota. Woodwell, George M and Erene V Pecan (Ed) U S Atomic Energy Commission Symposium Series, Vol 30 Carbon and the Biosphere Proceedings of the 24th Brookhaven Symposium in Biology Upton, N Y, USa, May 16–18, 1972 Vii + 392p Illus United States Atomic Energy Commission (Dist by the National Technical Information Service: Springfield, Va):281–302
    • (1973) Va) , pp. 281-302
    • Whittaker, R.H.1    Likens, G.E.2
  • 63
    • 0035313928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transpiration from a multi-species deciduous forest as estimated by xylem sap flow techniques
    • Wullschleger SD, Hanson PJ, Todd DE (2001) Transpiration from a multi-species deciduous forest as estimated by xylem sap flow techniques. For Ecol Manag 143(1–3):205–213. doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00518-1
    • (2001) For Ecol Manag , vol.143 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 205-213
    • Wullschleger, S.D.1    Hanson, P.J.2    Todd, D.E.3
  • 64
    • 80052466753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the beneficial effect of different plant species on air quality improvement
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtV2hurY%3
    • Xie Q, Zhou Z, Chen F (2011) Quantifying the beneficial effect of different plant species on air quality improvement. Environ Eng Manag J 10(7):959–963
    • (2011) Environ Eng Manag J , vol.10 , Issue.7 , pp. 959-963
    • Xie, Q.1    Zhou, Z.2    Chen, F.3
  • 65
    • 31944444283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction
    • Yang J, McBride J, Zhou J, Sun Z (2005) The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction. Urban For Urban Green 3(2):65–78. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2004.09.001
    • (2005) Urban For Urban Green , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-78
    • Yang, J.1    McBride, J.2    Zhou, J.3    Sun, Z.4
  • 67
    • 0035010917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear strength of surface soil as affected by soil bulk density and soil water content
    • Zhang B, Zhao QG, Horn R, Baumgartl T (2001) Shear strength of surface soil as affected by soil bulk density and soil water content. Soil Tillage Res 59(3–4):97–106
    • (2001) Soil Tillage Res , vol.59 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 97-106
    • Zhang, B.1    Zhao, Q.G.2    Horn, R.3    Baumgartl, T.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.