Poverty, Pregnancy, and Birth Outcomes: A Study of the Earned Income Tax Credit

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology

Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 444-452

  Hamad, Rita ^a   Rehkopf, David H ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

earned income tax credit; income; instrumental variables analysis; perinatal health; poverty

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; BREAST FEEDING; EARNED INCOME TAX CREDIT; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HUMAN; INCOME; MALE; MATERNAL SMOKING; NEWBORN; POSTNATAL CARE; POVERTY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PRENATAL CARE; ADVERSE EFFECTS; ECONOMICS; EMPLOYMENT; LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MATERNAL EXPOSURE; MATERNAL NUTRITION; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PREGNANCY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; TAX; UNITED STATES;

ELIGIBILITY DETERMINATION; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCOME; INCOME TAX; INFANT, NEWBORN; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MATERNAL EXPOSURE; MATERNAL NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; POVERTY; PREGNANCY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE DELAYED EFFECTS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84938979393     PISSN: 02695022     EISSN: 13653016     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12211     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Halfon N,. Socioeconomic influences on child health: building new ladders of social opportunity. JAMA 2014; 311: 915-917.
2. Committee on Ways and Means. Green book: U.S. House of Representatives 2004.
3. Hotz VJ, Scholz JK,. The earned income tax credit. In: Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States. Editor:, Moffitt RA,. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2003; pp. 141-197.
4. Chetty R, Friedman JN, Saez E,. Using differences in knowledge across neighborhoods to uncover the impacts of the EITC on earnings. Working Paper 18232. Cambridge, Massachusetts: National Bureau of Economic Research 2012.
5. Baughman RA,. The effects of state EITC expansion on children's health (Paper 168). University of New Hampshire: The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository 2012.
6. Dahl GB, Lochner L,. The impact of family income on child achievement: evidence from the earned income tax credit. The American Economic Review 2012; 102: 1927-1956.
7. Hamad R, Rehkopf DH,. Poverty and child development: a longitudinal study of the impact of the earned income tax credit. American Journal of Epidemiology (in press) 2015.
8. Baker K,. Do cash transfer programs improve infant health: evidence from the 1993 expansion of the earned income tax credit. University of Notre Dame, 2008.
9. Hoynes HW, Miller DL, Simon D,. Income, the earned income tax credit, and infant health. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2015; 7: 172-211.
10. Strully KW, Rehkopf DH, Xuan Z,. Effects of prenatal poverty on infant health state earned income tax credits and birth weight. American Sociological Review 2010; 75: 534-562.
11. Bruckner TA, Rehkopf DH, Catalano RA,. Income gains and very low-weight birth among low-income black mothers in California. Biodemography and Social Biology 2013; 59: 141-156.
12. Haider SJ, Jacknowitz A, Schoeni RF,. Welfare work requirements and child well-being: evidence from the effects on breast-feeding. Demography 2003; 40: 479-497.
13. Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, etal. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. The Lancet 2008; 371: 243-260.
14. Agaku IT, King BA, Dube SR,. Current cigarette smoking among adults-United States, 2005-2012. MMWR: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2014; 63: 29-34.
15. Cerdá M, Johnson-Lawrence VD, Galea S,. Lifetime income patterns and alcohol consumption: investigating the association between long- and short-term income trajectories and drinking. Social Science and Medicine 2011; 73: 1178-1185.
16. Strutz KL, Hogan VK, Siega-Riz AM, Suchindran CM, Halpern CT, Hussey JM,. Preconception stress, birth weight, and birth weight disparities among US women. American Journal of Public Health 2014; 104: e125-e132.
17. Walford HH, Trinh S, Wiencrot A, Lu MC,. What is the role of prenatal care in reducing racial and ethnic disparities in pregnancy outcomes? In: Reducing Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Reproductive and Perinatal Outcomes. Editors:, Handler A, Kennelly J, Peacock N,. New York: Springer, 2011; pp. 151-179.
18. Mathews ME, Leerkes EM, Lovelady CA, Labban JD,. Psychosocial predictors of primiparous breastfeeding initiation and duration. Journal of Human Lactation 2014; 30: 480-487.
19. Najman JM, Hayatbakhsh MR, Heron MA, Bor W, O'Callaghan MJ, Williams GM,. The impact of episodic and chronic poverty on child cognitive development. The Journal of Pediatrics 2009; 154: 284-289, e281.
20. Feenberg D, Coutts E,. An introduction to the TAXSIM model. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 1993; 12: 189-194.
21. Scholz JK,. The earned income tax credit: participation, compliance, and antipoverty effectiveness. National Tax Journal 1994; 47: 63-87.
22. Friedman P,. The earned income tax credit. Welfare Information Network 2000; 4: Issue Notes.
23. LaLumia S, The EITC,. Tax refunds, and unemployment spells. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2013; 5: 188-221.
24. Center for Human Resource Research. NLSY79 User's Guide: A Guide to the 1979-2000 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Data. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University, 2001.
25. Greenland S,. An introduction to instrumental variables for epidemiologists. International Journal of Epidemiology 2000; 29: 722-729.
26. Palmer TM, Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, Sheehan NA, Tobias JH, Timpson NJ, etal. Using multiple genetic variants as instrumental variables for modifiable risk factors. Statistical Methods in Medical Research 2012; 21: 223-242.
27. Solon G, Haider SJ, Wooldridge J,. What are we weighting for? Journal of Human Resources 2015; 50: 301-316.
28. Averett S, Wang Y,. The effects of EITC payment expansion on maternal smoking. Working Paper 6680. Bonn, Germany: Institute for the Study of Labor 2012.
29. Cowan B, Tefft N,. Education, maternal smoking, and the earned income tax credit. The BE Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy 2012; 12: Article 45.
30. Tanya Nagahawatte N, Goldenberg RL,. Poverty, maternal health, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2008; 1136: 80-85.
31. Cole-Lewis HJ, Kershaw TS, Earnshaw VA, Yonkers KA, Lin H, Ickovics JR,. Pregnancy-specific stress, preterm birth, and gestational age among high-risk young women. Health Psychology 2014; 33: 1033.
32. Scott JA, Binns CW, Oddy WH, Graham KI,. Predictors of breastfeeding duration: evidence from a cohort study. Pediatrics 2006; 117: e646-e655.
33. Dennis CLE,. Identifying predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy in the immediate postpartum period. Research in Nursing and Health 2006; 29: 256-268.
34. Mitra AK, Khoury AJ, Hinton AW, Carothers C,. Predictors of breastfeeding intention among low-income women. Maternal and Child Health Journal 2004; 8: 65-70.
35. Romich JL, Weisner T,. How families view and use the EITC: advance payment versus lump sum delivery. National Tax Journal 2000; 53: 1245-1262.
36. Bradley RH, Corwyn RF,. Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Review of Psychology 2002; 53: 371-399.
37. Strauss RS, Dietz WH,. Low maternal weight gain in the second or third trimester increases the risk for intrauterine growth retardation. The Journal of Nutrition 1999; 129: 988-993.
38. Cylus J, Glymour MM, Avendano M,. Health effects of unemployment benefit program generosity. American Journal of Public Health 2015; 105: 317-323.
39. Hotz VJ, Scholz JK,. Examining the effect of the earned income tax credit on the labor market participation of families on welfare. Working Paper 18232. Cambridge, Massachusetts: National Bureau of Economic Research 2006.