Global distribution of soil organic carbon – Part 1: Masses and frequency distributions of SOC stocks for the tropics, permafrost regions, wetlands, and the world

SOIL

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 351-365

  Kochy M ^a   Hiederer, R ^b   Freibauer, A ^a  

^a THÜNEN INSTITUTE OF CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE   (Germany)

^b JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BULK DENSITY; CARBON CYCLE; DATABASE; PEATLAND; PERMAFROST; SOIL CARBON; SOIL PROPERTY; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; TROPICAL SOIL; WETLAND;

EID: 84938514731     PISSN: 21993971     EISSN: 2199398X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/soil-1-351-2015     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Amundson, R.: The carbon budget in soils, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 29, 535–562, doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.29.1.535, 2001.
2. Batjes, N. H.: Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world, Euro. J. Soil Sci., 47, 151–163, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01386.x, 1996.
3. Batjes, N. H.: Harmonized soil profile data for applications at global and continental scales: updates to the WISE database, Soil Use Manage., 25, 124–127, doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2009.00202.x, 2009.
4. Boelter, D. H.: Important physical properties of peat materials, Proceedings of the Third International Peat Congress, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 18–23 August 1968, Canada. Dept. of Energy, Mines and Resources and National Research Council of Canada, 1968.
5. Chambers, F. M., Beilman, D. W., and Yu, Z.: Methods for determining peat humification and for quantifying peat bulk density, organic matter and carbon content for palaeostudies of climate and peatland carbon dynamics, Mires and Peat, 7, 7.1–7.10, 2010/2011.
6. Ciais, P., Dolman, A. J., Dargaville, R., Barrie, L., Bombelli, A., Butler, J., Canadell, P., and Moriyama, T.: GEO Carbon Strategy, GEO Secretariat and FAO, Geneva and Rome, GEO Secretariat and FAO, available at: http://www.earthobservations.org/documents/sbas/cl/201006_geo_carbon_strategy_report.pdf (last access: 30 September 2009), 2010.
7. Ciais, P., Sabine, C., Bala, G., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Canadell, J., Chhabra, A., DeFries, R., Galloway, J., Heimann, M., Jones, C., Le Quéré, C., Myneni, R. B., Piao, S., and Thornton, P.: Carbon and other biogeochemical cycles, in: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P. M., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, 465–570, doi:10.1017/CBO9781107415324.015, 2013.
8. Digital Soil Map of the World: Rome, Italy, available at: http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=14116 (last access: 13 October 2010), 2007.
9. di Gregorio, A. and Jansen, L. J. M.: Land cover classification system (LCCS). Classification concepts and user manual, Software version (2), Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, Food and Agriculture Organization, available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y7220e/y7220e00.htm#Contents(last access: 14 January 2010), 2005.
10. Ellert, B. H., Janzen, H. H., and McConkey, B. G.: Measuring and comparing soil carbon storage, in: Assessment methods for soil carbon, Advances in Soil Science, edited by: Lal, R., Follett, J. M., and Stewart, B. A., Lewis, Boca Raton, Florida, 131–146, 2001.
11. ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute): World Continents, ESRI Data and Maps 2002, CD 1, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), Redlands, California, USA, 2002.
12. FAO: FAO/Unesco Soil Map of the World, Revised Legend, with corrections and updates, Originally published in 1988 as World Soil Resources Report 60, FAO, Rome, Reprinted with updates, Technical Paper, 20, ISRIC, Wageningen, ISRIC, available at: http://library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_i9264_001.pdf(last access: 3 November 2009),1997.
13. FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, ISSCAS, and JRC: Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1), FAO and IIASA, Rome, Italy, and Laxenburg, Austria, 2009.
14. FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, ISSCAS, and JRC: Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2), FAO and IIASA, Rome, Italy, and Laxenburg, Austria, 2012.
15. Fischer, G., Nachtergaele, F., Prieler, S., van Velthuizen, H. T., Verelst, L., and Wiberg, D.: Global agro-ecological zones assessment for agriculture (GAEZ 2008), IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy., IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy., available at: http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/LUC/External-World-soil-databaseHTML/SoilQualityData.html?sb=11 (last access: 3 November 2009)„ 2008.
16. Freeman, C., Ostle, N., and Kang, H.: An enzymic’latch’ on a global carbon store, Nature, 409, 149, doi:10.1038/35051650,2001.
17. García-Oliva, F. and Masera, O. R.: Assessment and Measurement Issues Related to Soil Carbon Sequestration in Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) Projects under the Kyoto Protocol, Climatic Change, 65, 347–364, doi:10.1023/B:CLIM.0000038211.84327.d9, 2004.
18. Global Soil Data Task Group: Global Soil Data Products CD- ROM (IGBP- DIS), Available from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, available at: http://www.daac.ornl.gov, 2000.
19. Gomez, C., Viscarra, R., Raphael, A., and McBratney, A. B.: Soil organic carbon prediction by hyperspectral remote sensing and field vis- NIR spectroscopy: An Australian case study, Geoderma, 146, 403–411, doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.06.011, 2008.
20. Gorham, E.: Northern peatlands: role in the carbon cycle and probable responses to climatic warming, Ecol. Appl., 1, 182–195, doi:10.2307/1941811, 1991.
21. GRASS Development Team: Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Software, Version 6.4.2, Open Source Geospatial Foundation, available at: http://grass.osgeo.org, 2011.
22. Grunwald, S., Thompson, J. A., and Boettinger, J. L.: Digital soil mapping and modeling at continental scales: finding solutions for global issues, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 75, 1201–1213, doi:10.2136/sssaj2011.0025, 2011.
23. Heginbottom, J. A., Brown, J. F., Melnikov, E. S., and Ferrians, O. J.: Circum-arctic map of permafrost and ground ice conditions, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Permafrost, Wushan, Guangzhou, China, 2, 1132–1136, South China University Press, 1993.
24. Henry, M., Valentini, R., and Bernoux, M.: Soil carbon stocks in ecoregions of Africa, Biogeosciences Discuss., 6, 797–823, doi:10.5194/bgd-6-797-2009, 2009.
25. Hiederer, R.: Data update and model revision for soil profile analytical database of Europe of measured parameters (SPADE/M2), JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24333 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, doi:10.2788/85262, 2010.
26. Hiederer, R. and Köchy, M.: Global soil organic carbon estimates and the Harmonized World Soil Database, JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, 68528/EUR 25225 EN, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, Joint Research Centre, doi:10.2788/13267, 2011.
27. Hiederer, R., Ramos, F., Capitani, C., Koeble, R., Blujdea, V., Gomez, O., Mulligan, D., and Marelli, L.: Biofuels: a new methodology to estimate GHG emissions from global land use change, JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24483 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, doi:10.2788/48910, 2010.
28. Hugelius, G., Tarnocai, C., Broll, G., Canadell, J. G., Kuhry, P., and Swanson, D. K.: The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database: spatially distributed datasets of soil coverage and soil carbon storage in the Northern permafrost regions, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 5, 3–13, doi:10.5194/essd-5-3-2013, 2013.
29. Jandl, R., Rodeghiero, M., Martinez, C., Cotrufo, M. F., Bampa, F., van Wesemael, B., Harrison, R., B., Guerrini, I. A., Richter Jr., D. D., Rustad, L., Lorenz, K., Chabbi, A., and Migli-etta, F.: Current status, uncertainty and future needs in soil organic carbon monitoring, Sci. Total Environ., 468, 376–383, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.026, 2014.
30. Jobbágy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B.: The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation, Ecol. Appl., 10, 423–436, doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0423:TVDOSO]2.0.CO;2, 2000.
31. 2 picture. Peatland status and emissions in all countries of the world, Wetlands International, Ede, 2010.
32. Köchy, M. and Freibauer, A.: Global spatial distribution of wetlands, COCOS Report, D4.3a, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Braunschweig, Germany, available at: http://www.cocos-carbon.org/docs/D4.3a_wetlands_report.pdf (last access:11 July 2011),2009.
33. Köchy, M. and Freibauer, A.: Workshop on mapping of soil carbon stocks at the global scale. COCOS Report D1.4.3. Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institut, Braunschweig, Germany, available at: http://literatur.ti.bund.de/digbib_extern/dn049595.pdf (last access: 13 July 2011),2011.
34. Lehner, B. and Döll, P.: Development and validation of a global database of lakes, reservoirs and wetlands, J. Hydrol., 296, 1–22, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.028,2004.
35. Loveland, T. R., Reed, B. C., Brown, J. F., Ohlen, D. O., Zhu, J., Yang, L., and Merchant, J. W.: Development of a Global Land Cover Characteristics Database and IGBP DISCover from 1-km AVHRR Data, Int. J. Remote Sens., 21, 1303–1330, doi:10.1080/014311600210191, 2000.
36. Mäkilä, M.: Calculation of the energy content of mires on the basis of peat properties, Report of Investigation, 121, Geological Survey of Finland, Geological Survey of Finland, 1994 (in Finnish with English summary).
37. McBratney, A. B., Mendonça Santos, M. L., and Minasny, B.: On digital soil mapping, Geoderma, 117, 3–52, doi:10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00223-4, 2003a.
38. Mitra, S., Wassmann, R., and Vlek, P.: An appraisal of global wetland area and its organic carbon stock, Current Sci., 88, 25–35, 2005.
39. Myhre, G., Shindell, D., Bréon, F.-M., Collins, W., Fuglestvedt, J., Huang, J., Koch, D., Lamarque, J.-F., Lee, D., Mendoza, B., Nakajima, T., Robock, A., Stephens, G., Takemura, T., and Zhang, H.: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing, in: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P. M., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, 659–740, doi:10.1017/CBO9781107415324.018, 2013.
40. Nachtergaele, F. O.: From the Soil Map of the World to the Digital Global Soil and Terrain Database: 1960–2002, in: Handbook of Soil Science, edited by: Sumner, M. E., CRC Press, Boca Raton, H5-17, 1999.
41. Niu, Z. G., Gong, P., Cheng, X., Guo, J. H., Wang, L., Huang, H. B., Shen, S. Q., Wu, Y. Z., Wang, X. F., Wang, X. W., Ying, Q., Liang, L., Zhang, L. N., Wang, L., Yao, Q., Yang, Z. Z., Guo, Z. Q., and Dai, Y. J.: Geographical analysis of China’s wetlands preliminarily derived from remotely sensed data, Science in China – Series D: Earth Sciences, 39, 188–203, 2009.
42. Page, S. E., Rieley, J. O., and Banks, C. J.: Global and regional importance of the tropical peatland carbon pool, Glob. Change Biol., 17, 798–818, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02279.x, 2011.
43. Powlson, D. S., Whitmore, A. P., and Goulding, K. W. T.: Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change: a critical reexamination to identify the true and the false, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 62, 42–55, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01342.x, 2011.
44. Pregitzer, K. S. and Euskirchen, E. S.: Carbon cycling and storage in world forests: biome patterns related to forest age, Glob. Change Biol., 10, 2052–2077, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00866.x, 2004.
45. Raich, J. W., Potter, C. S., and Bhagawati, D.: Interannual variability in global soil respiration, 1980–94, Glob. Change Biol., 8, 800–812, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00511.x, 2002.
46. R Development Core Team: R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, 2011.
47. Reich, P.: Soil organic carbon map, USDA- NRCS, available at: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/use/?cid=nrcs142p2_054018 (last access: 19 February 2015), 2000.
48. Scharlemann, J. P. W., Tanner, E., V. J., Hiederer, R., and Ka-pos, V.: Global soil carbon: understanding and managing the largest terrestrial carbon pool, Carbon Manage., 5, 81–91, doi:10.4155/CMT.13.77, 2014.
49. Shangguan, W., Dai, Y., Duan, Q., Liu, B., and Yuan, H.: A global soil data set for earth system modeling, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 6, 249–263, doi:10.1002/2013MS000293, 2014.
50. Stockmann, U., Malone, B. P., McBratney, A. B., and Minasny, B.: Landscape-scale exploratory radiometric mapping using proximal soil sensing, Geoderma, 239–240, 115–129, doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.10.005, 2015.
51. Tarnocai, C., Kettles, I. M., and Lacelle, B.: Peatlands of Canada database, Open File, 4002, Geological Survey of Canada, doi:10.4095/213529, 2002.
52. Tarnocai, C., Canadell, J. G., Schuur, E. A. G., Kuhry, P., Mazhi-tova, G., and Zimov, S.: Soil organic carbon pools in the Northern circumpolar permafrost region, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 23, GB2023, doi:10.1029/2008GB003327, 2009.
53. Turunen, J.: Development of Finnish peatland area and carbon storage 1950–2000, Boreal Environ. Res., 13, 319–334, 2008.
54. Wei, X., Shao, M., Gale, W., and Li, L.: Global pattern of soil carbon losses due to the conversion of forests to agricultural land, Scientific Reports, 4, 4062, 2014.
55. Wieder, W. R., Boehnert, J., and Bonan, G. B.: Evaluating soil biogeochemistry parameterizations in Earth system models with observations, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 28, 211–222, doi:10.1002/2013GB004665, 2014.
56. Yan, Y., Luo, Y., Zhou, X., and Chen, J.: Sources of variation in simulated ecosystem carbon storage capacity from the 5th Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), Tellus Ser. B, 66, 22568, doi:10.3402/tellusb.v66.22568, 2014.
57. Zimov, S. A., Davydov, S. P., Zimova, G. M., Davydova, A. I., Schuur, E. A. G., Dutta, K., and Chapin, F. S.: Permafrost carbon: Stock and decomposability of a globally significant carbon pool, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L20502, doi:10.1029/2006GL027484, 2006.